//
//  68000ArithmeticTests.m
//  Clock SignalTests
//
//  Created by Thomas Harte on 28/06/2019.
//
//  Largely ported from the tests of the Portable 68k Emulator.
//

#import <XCTest/XCTest.h>

#include "68000.hpp"
#include "68000Mk2.hpp"

#include <array>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <set>

namespace {

struct RandomStore {
	using CollectionT = std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::pair<uint8_t, uint8_t>>;
	CollectionT values;

	void flag(uint32_t address, uint8_t participant) {
		values[address].first |= participant;
	}

	bool has(uint32_t address, uint8_t participant) {
		auto entry = values.find(address);
		if(entry == values.end()) return false;
		return entry->second.first & participant;
	}

	uint8_t value(uint32_t address, uint8_t participant) {
		auto entry = values.find(address);
		if(entry != values.end()) {
			entry->second.first |= participant;
			return entry->second.second;
		}

		const uint8_t value = uint8_t(rand() >> 8);
		values[address] = std::make_pair(participant, value);
		return value;
	}

	void clear() {
		values.clear();
	}

};

struct Transaction {
	HalfCycles timestamp;
	uint8_t function_code = 0;
	uint32_t address = 0;
	uint16_t value = 0;
	bool address_strobe = false;
	bool same_address = false;
	bool read = false;
	int data_strobes = 0;

	bool operator != (const Transaction &rhs) const {
		if(timestamp != rhs.timestamp) return true;
//		if(function_code != rhs.function_code) return true;
		if(address != rhs.address) return true;
		if(value != rhs.value) return true;
		if(address_strobe != rhs.address_strobe) return true;
		if(data_strobes != rhs.data_strobes) return true;
		if(same_address != rhs.same_address) return true;
		return false;
	}

	void print() const {
		printf("%d: %d%d%d %c %c%c @ %06x %s %04x\n",
			timestamp.as<int>(),
			(function_code >> 2) & 1,
			(function_code >> 1) & 1,
			(function_code >> 0) & 1,
			address_strobe ? 'a' : '-',
			(data_strobes & 1) ? 'b' : '-',
			(data_strobes & 2) ? 'w' : '-',
			address,
			read ? "->" : "<-",
			value);
	}
};

struct HarmlessStopException {};

struct BusHandler {
	BusHandler(RandomStore &_store, uint8_t _participant) : store(_store), participant(_participant) {}

	void will_perform(uint32_t, uint16_t) {
		--instructions;
		if(instructions < 0) {
			throw HarmlessStopException{};
		}
	}

	template <typename Microcycle> HalfCycles perform_bus_operation(const Microcycle &cycle, bool is_supervisor) {
		Transaction transaction;

		// Fill all of the transaction record except the data field; will do that after
		// any potential read.
		if(cycle.operation & Microcycle::InterruptAcknowledge) {
			transaction.function_code = 0b111;
		} else {
			transaction.function_code = is_supervisor ? 0x4 : 0x0;
			transaction.function_code |= (cycle.operation & Microcycle::IsData) ? 0x1 : 0x2;
		}
		transaction.address_strobe = cycle.operation & (Microcycle::NewAddress | Microcycle::SameAddress);
		transaction.same_address = cycle.operation & Microcycle::SameAddress;
		transaction.data_strobes = cycle.operation & (Microcycle::SelectByte | Microcycle::SelectWord);
		if(cycle.address) transaction.address = *cycle.address & 0xffff'ff;
		transaction.timestamp = time;
		transaction.read = cycle.operation & Microcycle::Read;

		time += cycle.length;

		// Do the operation...
		const uint32_t address = cycle.address ? (*cycle.address & 0xff'ffff) : 0;
		switch(cycle.operation & (Microcycle::SelectWord | Microcycle::SelectByte | Microcycle::Read)) {
			default: break;

			case Microcycle::SelectWord | Microcycle::Read:
				if(!store.has(address, participant)) {
					ram[address] = store.value(address, participant);
				}
				if(!store.has(address+1, participant)) {
					ram[address+1] = store.value(address+1, participant);
				}

				cycle.set_value16((ram[address] << 8) | ram[address + 1]);
			break;
			case Microcycle::SelectByte | Microcycle::Read:
				if(!store.has(address, participant)) {
					ram[address] = store.value(address, participant);
				}

				if(address & 1) {
					cycle.set_value8_low(ram[address]);
				} else {
					cycle.set_value8_high(ram[address]);
				}
			break;
			case Microcycle::SelectWord:
				ram[address] = cycle.value8_high();
				ram[address+1] = cycle.value8_low();
				store.flag(address, participant);
				store.flag(address+1, participant);
			break;
			case Microcycle::SelectByte:
				ram[address] = (address & 1) ? cycle.value8_low() : cycle.value8_high();
				store.flag(address, participant);
			break;
		}

		// Add the data value if relevant.
		if(transaction.data_strobes) {
			transaction.value = cycle.value16();
		}

		// Push back only if interesting.
		if(capture_all_transactions || transaction.address_strobe || transaction.data_strobes || transaction.function_code == 7) {
			if(transaction_delay) {
				--transaction_delay;

				// Start counting time only from the first recorded transaction.
				if(!transaction_delay) {
					time = HalfCycles(0);
				}
			} else {
				transactions.push_back(transaction);
			}
		}

		return HalfCycles(0);
	}

	int transaction_delay;
	int instructions;
	bool capture_all_transactions = false;

	HalfCycles time;
	std::vector<Transaction> transactions;
	std::array<uint8_t, 16*1024*1024> ram;

	void set_default_vectors() {
		// Establish that all exception vectors point to 1024-byte blocks of memory.
		for(int c = 0; c < 256; c++) {
			const uint32_t target = (c + 2) << 10;
			const uint32_t address = c << 2;
			ram[address + 0] = uint8_t(target >> 24);
			ram[address + 1] = uint8_t(target >> 16);
			ram[address + 2] = uint8_t(target >> 8);
			ram[address + 3] = uint8_t(target >> 0);

			store.flag(address+0, participant);
			store.flag(address+1, participant);
			store.flag(address+2, participant);
			store.flag(address+3, participant);
		}
	}

	RandomStore &store;
	const uint8_t participant;
};

using OldProcessor = CPU::MC68000::Processor<BusHandler, true, true>;
using NewProcessor = CPU::MC68000Mk2::Processor<BusHandler, true, true, true>;

template <typename M68000> struct Tester {
	Tester(RandomStore &store, uint8_t participant) : bus_handler(store, participant), processor(bus_handler) {}

	void run_instructions(int instructions) {
		bus_handler.instructions = instructions;

		try {
			processor.run_for(HalfCycles(5000));	// Arbitrary, but will definitely exceed any one instruction (by quite a distance).
		} catch (const HarmlessStopException &) {}
	}

	void reset_with_opcode(uint16_t opcode) {
		bus_handler.transactions.clear();
		bus_handler.set_default_vectors();

		const uint32_t address = 3 << 10;
		bus_handler.ram[address + 0] = uint8_t(opcode >> 8);
		bus_handler.ram[address + 1] = uint8_t(opcode >> 0);
		bus_handler.store.flag(address, bus_handler.participant);
		bus_handler.store.flag(address+1, bus_handler.participant);

		bus_handler.transaction_delay = 12;	// i.e. ignore everything from the RESET sequence.
		bus_handler.time = HalfCycles(0);

		processor.reset();
	}

	BusHandler bus_handler;
	M68000 processor;
};

void print_state(FILE *target, const CPU::MC68000Mk2::State &state, const std::vector<Transaction> &transactions, bool is_initial) {
	for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) {
		fprintf(target, "\"d%d\": %u, ", c, state.registers.data[c]);
	}

	for(int c = 0; c < 7; c++) {
		fprintf(target, "\"a%d\": %u, ", c, state.registers.address[c]);
	}

	fprintf(target, "\"usp\": %u, ", state.registers.user_stack_pointer);
	fprintf(target, "\"ssp\": %u, ", state.registers.supervisor_stack_pointer);
	fprintf(target, "\"sr\": %u, ", state.registers.status);
	fprintf(target, "\"pc\": %u, ", state.registers.program_counter - 4);

	fprintf(target, "\"prefetch\": [%u, %u], ", state.prefetch[0], state.prefetch[1]);

	fprintf(target, "\"ram\": [");

	// Compute RAM from transactions; if this is the initial state then RAM should
	// be everything that was subject to a read which had not previously been
	// subject to a write. Otherwise it can just be everything.
	std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint8_t> ram;
	if(is_initial) {
		std::unordered_set<uint32_t> written_addresses;

		for(const auto &transaction: transactions) {
			switch(transaction.data_strobes) {
				default: continue;
				case 1:
					if(transaction.read) {
						if(ram.find(transaction.address) == ram.end()) {
							ram[transaction.address] = transaction.value;
						}
					} else {
						written_addresses.insert(transaction.address);
					}
				break;
				case 2:
					if(transaction.read) {
						if(ram.find(transaction.address) == ram.end()) {
							ram[transaction.address] = uint8_t(transaction.value >> 8);
						}
						if(ram.find(transaction.address+1) == ram.end()) {
							ram[transaction.address+1] = uint8_t(transaction.value);
						}
					} else {
						written_addresses.insert(transaction.address);
						written_addresses.insert(transaction.address + 1);
					}
				break;
			}
		}
	} else {
		for(const auto &transaction: transactions) {
			switch(transaction.data_strobes) {
				default: continue;
				case 1:
					ram[transaction.address] = transaction.value;
				break;
				case 2:
					ram[transaction.address] = uint8_t(transaction.value >> 8);
					ram[transaction.address+1] = uint8_t(transaction.value);
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	bool is_first = true;
	for(const auto &pair: ram) {
		if(!is_first) fprintf(target, ", ");
		is_first = false;
		fprintf(target, "[%d, %d]", pair.first, pair.second);
	}
	fprintf(target, "]");
}

void print_transactions(FILE *target, const std::vector<Transaction> &transactions, HalfCycles end) {
	auto iterator = transactions.begin();
	bool is_first = true;
	do {
		if(!is_first) fprintf(target, ", ");
		is_first = false;
		fprintf(target, "[");

		auto next = iterator + 1;

		// Attempt to pair off transactions to reproduct YACHT notation.
		bool is_access = true;
		if(!iterator->address_strobe && !iterator->data_strobes) {
			fprintf(target, "\"n\", ");
			is_access = false;
		} else {
			assert(!iterator->data_strobes);

			// Check how many transactions this address persists for;
			// that'll allow a TAS to be recognised here.
			while(next->same_address && next != transactions.end()) {
				++next;
			}
			--next;

			if(next == iterator + 1) {
				if(next->read) {
					fprintf(target, "\"r\", ");
				} else {
					fprintf(target, "\"w\", ");
				}
			} else {
				fprintf(target, "\"t\", ");
			}

			// Include next in the calculation of time below.
			++next;
		}
		HalfCycles length;
		if(next == transactions.end()) {
			length = end - iterator->timestamp;
		} else {
			length = next->timestamp - iterator->timestamp;
		}
		fprintf(target, "%d", length.as<int>() >> 1);

		if(is_access) {
			// Undo the 'move to one after' step that allowed next to be included
			// in this transaction's cycle count.
			--next;

			fprintf(target, ", %d, ", iterator->function_code);
			fprintf(target, "%d, ", iterator->address & 0xff'ffff);

			switch(next->data_strobes) {
				default: assert(false);
				case 1:	fprintf(target, "\".b\", %d", next->value & 0xff);	break;
				case 2:	fprintf(target, "\".w\", %d", next->value);			break;
			}

			++next;
		}

		fprintf(target, "]");
		iterator = next;
	} while(iterator != transactions.end());
}

}

@interface M68000OldVsNewTests : XCTestCase
@end

@implementation M68000OldVsNewTests

//- (void)testGenerate {
- (void)generate {
	srand(68000);
	InstructionSet::M68k::Predecoder<InstructionSet::M68k::Model::M68000> decoder;
	RandomStore random_store;
	auto tester = std::make_unique<Tester<NewProcessor>>(random_store, 0x02);
	tester->bus_handler.capture_all_transactions = true;

	// Bucket opcodes by operation.
	std::unordered_map<const char *, std::vector<uint16_t>> opcodesByOperation;
	for(int c = 0; c < 65536; c++) {
		// Test only defined opcodes that aren't STOP (which will never teminate).
		const auto instruction = decoder.decode(uint16_t(c));
		if(
			instruction.operation == InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::Undefined ||
			instruction.operation == InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::STOP
		) {
			continue;
		}

		const auto operation = instruction.operation_string();
		opcodesByOperation[operation].push_back(c);
	}

	// Find somewhere to write to.
	NSString *const tempDir = NSTemporaryDirectory();
	NSLog(@"Outputting to %@", tempDir);

	// Aim to get  at least 1,000,000 tests total.
	const auto testsPerOperation = int((1'000'000 + (opcodesByOperation.size() - 1)) / opcodesByOperation.size());

	// Generate by operation.
	NSLog(@"Generating %d tests each for %lu operations", testsPerOperation, opcodesByOperation.size());
	for(const auto &pair: opcodesByOperation) {
		NSLog(@"Generating %s", pair.first);
		NSString *const targetName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%s.json", tempDir, pair.first];
		FILE *const target = fopen(targetName.UTF8String, "wt");

		const bool force_addresses_even = decoder.decode(pair.second[0]).operation == InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::UNLINK;
		bool is_first_test = true;
		fprintf(target, "[");

		// Test each for the selected number of iterations.
		for(int test = 0; test < testsPerOperation; test++) {
			if(!is_first_test) fprintf(target, ",\n");
			is_first_test = false;

			// Establish with certainty the initial memory state.
			random_store.clear();

			const auto opcodeIndex = int(rand() * pair.second.size() / RAND_MAX);
			const uint16_t opcode = pair.second[opcodeIndex];
			tester->reset_with_opcode(opcode);

			// Generate a random initial register state.
			auto initialState = tester->processor.get_state();

			// Require address pointers to be even 99% of the time, or always for UNLINK.
			const bool addresses_are_even = (rand() >= int(float(RAND_MAX) * 0.99f)) || force_addresses_even;
			for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) {
				initialState.registers.data[c] = rand() ^ (rand() << 1);
				if(c != 7) {
					initialState.registers.address[c] = rand() ^ (rand() << 1);
					if(addresses_are_even) initialState.registers.address[c] &= ~1;
				}
			}

			// Pick a random status such that:
			//
			//	(i) supervisor mode is active 99% of the time;
			//	(ii) trace is inactive; and
			//	(iii) interrupt level is 7.
			const bool is_supervisor = rand() >= int(float(RAND_MAX) * 0.99f);
			initialState.registers.status = (rand() | (int(is_supervisor) << 13) | (7 << 8)) & ~(1 << 15);
			initialState.registers.user_stack_pointer = rand() << 1;
			initialState.registers.supervisor_stack_pointer = rand() << 1;

			// Set state.
			tester->processor.set_state(initialState);

			// Run for zero instructions to grab the real initial state (i.e. valid prefetch, ssp, etc).
			// Then make sure no transactions or time carry over into the actual instruction.
			tester->run_instructions(0);
			auto populatedInitialState = tester->processor.get_state();
			tester->bus_handler.transactions.clear();
			tester->bus_handler.time = HalfCycles(0);

			// Run for another instruction to do the actual work.
			tester->run_instructions(1);

			const auto finalState = tester->processor.get_state();

			// Output initial state.
			fprintf(target, "{ \"name\": \"%04x [%s] %d\", ", opcode, decoder.decode(opcode).to_string().c_str(), test + 1);
			fprintf(target, "\"initial\": {");
			print_state(target, populatedInitialState, tester->bus_handler.transactions, true);

			// Output final state.
			fprintf(target, "}, \"final\": {");
			print_state(target, finalState, tester->bus_handler.transactions, false);

			// Output total length and bus activity.
			fprintf(target, "}, \"length\": %d, ", tester->bus_handler.time.as<int>() >> 1);

			fprintf(target, "\"transactions\": [");
			print_transactions(target, tester->bus_handler.transactions, tester->bus_handler.time);
			fprintf(target, "]}");
		}

		fprintf(target, "\n]\n");
		fclose(target);
	}
}

- (void)testOldVsNew {
	RandomStore random_store;
	auto oldTester = std::make_unique<Tester<OldProcessor>>(random_store, 0x01);
	auto newTester = std::make_unique<Tester<NewProcessor>>(random_store, 0x02);
	InstructionSet::M68k::Predecoder<InstructionSet::M68k::Model::M68000> decoder;

	// Use a fixed seed to guarantee continuity across repeated runs.
	srand(68000);

	std::set<InstructionSet::M68k::Operation> ignore_list = {
		//
		// Operations that do the wrong thing on the old 68000:
		//
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::ABCD,			// Old implementation doesn't match flamewing tests, sometimes produces incorrect results.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::SBCD,			// Old implementation doesn't match flamewing tests, sometimes produces incorrect results.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::JSR,			// Old implementation ends up skipping stack space if the destination throws an address error.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::MOVEtoSR,		// Old implementation doesn't repeat a PC fetch.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::MOVEtoCCR,		// Old implementation doesn't repeat a PC fetch.

		//
		// Operations with definite timing deficiencies versus Yacht.txt on the old 68000:
		//
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::CMPAl,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::CLRb,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::CLRw,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NEGXb,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NEGXw,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NEGb,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NEGw,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NOTb,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::NOTw,			// Old implementation omits an idle cycle before -(An)
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::TRAP,			// Old implementation relocates the idle state near the end to the beginning.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::TRAPV,			// Old implementation relocates the idle state near the end to the beginning.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::CHK,			// Old implementation pauses four cycles too long.
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::TAS,			// Old implementation just doesn't match published cycle counts.

		//
		// Operations with timing discrepancies between the two 68000 implementations
		// that I think are _more_ accurate now, but possibly still need work:
		//
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::MULU,
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::MULS,
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::DIVU,
		InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::DIVS,
	};

	int testsRun = 0;
	std::set<InstructionSet::M68k::Operation> failing_operations;
	for(int c = 0; c < 65536; c++) {
		printf("%04x\n", c);

		// Test only defined opcodes that aren't STOP (which will never teminate).
		const auto instruction = decoder.decode(uint16_t(c));
		if(
			instruction.operation == InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::Undefined ||
			instruction.operation == InstructionSet::M68k::Operation::STOP
		) {
			continue;
		}

		// If this operation is known to diverge, ignore it. It's dealt with.
		if(ignore_list.find(instruction.operation) != ignore_list.end()) {
			continue;
		}

		// Test each 1000 times.
		for(int test = 0; test < 1000; test++) {
			++testsRun;

			// Establish with certainty the initial memory state.
			random_store.clear();
			newTester->reset_with_opcode(c);
			oldTester->reset_with_opcode(c);

			// Generate a random initial register state.
			auto oldState = oldTester->processor.get_state();
			auto newState = newTester->processor.get_state();

			for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) {
				oldState.data[c] = newState.registers.data[c] = rand() ^ (rand() << 1);
				if(c != 7) oldState.address[c] = newState.registers.address[c] = rand() << 1;
			}
			// Fully to paper over the two 68000s' different ways of doing a faked
			// reset, pick a random status such that:
			//
			//	(i) supervisor mode is active;
			//	(ii) trace is inactive; and
			//	(iii) interrupt level is 7.
			oldState.status = newState.registers.status = (rand() | (1 << 13) | (7 << 8)) & ~(1 << 15);
			oldState.user_stack_pointer = newState.registers.user_stack_pointer = rand() << 1;
			oldState.supervisor_stack_pointer = newState.registers.supervisor_stack_pointer = 0x800;

			newTester->processor.set_state(newState);
			oldTester->processor.set_state(oldState);

			// Run a single instruction.
			newTester->run_instructions(1);
			oldTester->run_instructions(1);

			// Grab final states.
			oldState = oldTester->processor.get_state();
			newState = newTester->processor.get_state();

			// Compare bus activity only if it doesn't look like an address
			// error occurred. Don't check those as the old 68000 appears to be wrong
			// most of the time about function codes, and that bleeds into the stacked data.
			//
			// Net effect will be 50% fewer transaction comparisons for instructions that
			// can trigger an address error.
			const auto &oldTransactions = oldTester->bus_handler.transactions;
			const auto &newTransactions = newTester->bus_handler.transactions;
			if(oldState.program_counter != 0x1404 || newState.registers.program_counter != 0x1404) {
				auto newIt = newTransactions.begin();
				auto oldIt = oldTransactions.begin();
				while(newIt != newTransactions.end() && oldIt != oldTransactions.end()) {
					if(*newIt != *oldIt) {
						printf("Mismatch in %s, test %d:\n", instruction.to_string().c_str(), test);

						auto repeatIt = newTransactions.begin();
						while(repeatIt != newIt) {
							repeatIt->print();
							++repeatIt;
						}
						printf("---\n");
						while(newIt != newTransactions.end()) {
							printf("n: "); newIt->print();
							++newIt;
						}
						printf("\n");
						while(oldIt != oldTransactions.end()) {
							printf("o: "); oldIt->print();
							++oldIt;
						}
						printf("\n");

						failing_operations.insert(instruction.operation);
						break;
					}

					++newIt;
					++oldIt;
				}
			}

			// Compare registers.
			bool mismatch = false;
			for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) {
				mismatch |= oldState.data[c] != newState.registers.data[c];
				if(c != 7) mismatch |= oldState.address[c] != newState.registers.address[c];
			}
			mismatch |= oldState.status != newState.registers.status;
			mismatch |= oldState.program_counter != newState.registers.program_counter;
			mismatch |= oldState.user_stack_pointer != newState.registers.user_stack_pointer;
			mismatch |= oldState.supervisor_stack_pointer != newState.registers.supervisor_stack_pointer;

			if(mismatch) {
				failing_operations.insert(instruction.operation);
				printf("Registers don't match after %s, test %d\n", instruction.to_string().c_str(), test);
				for(const auto &transaction: newTransactions) {
					printf("n: "); transaction.print();
				}
				printf("\n");
				for(const auto &transaction: oldTransactions) {
					printf("o: "); transaction.print();
				}
				printf("\n");

				// TODO: more detail here!
			}
		}
	}

	printf("%d tests run\n", testsRun);
	if(failing_operations.empty()) {
		printf("No failures\n");
	} else {
		printf("\nAll failing operations:\n");
		for(const auto operation: failing_operations) {
			printf("%d,\n", int(operation));
		}
	}

	// Mark the test as passed or failed.
	XCTAssert(failing_operations.empty());
}

@end