// // 6560.cpp // Clock Signal // // Created by Thomas Harte on 05/06/2016. // Copyright © 2016 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved. // #include "6560.hpp" using namespace MOS; /* 0 - 0000 Black 1 - 0001 White 2 - 0010 Red 3 - 0011 Cyan 4 - 0100 Purple 5 - 0101 Green 6 - 0110 Blue 7 - 0111 Yellow 8 - 1000 Orange 9 - 1001 Light orange 10 - 1010 Pink 11 - 1011 Light cyan 12 - 1100 Light purple 13 - 1101 Light green 14 - 1110 Light blue 15 - 1111 Light yellow */ /* 0 -> purple 1 -> purple 2 -> browny yellow 3 -> browny red 4 -> purple 5 -> purple 6 -> cyan 7 -> green 8 -> green */ MOS6560::MOS6560() : _crt(new Outputs::CRT::CRT(65*4, 4, 261, Outputs::CRT::ColourSpace::YUV, 228, 1, 1)), // TODO: turn 261 back into 263 once vertical sync exists _horizontal_counter(0), _vertical_counter(0) { _crt->set_composite_sampling_function( "float composite_sample(usampler2D texID, vec2 coordinate, vec2 iCoordinate, float phase, float amplitude)" "{" "uint c = texture(texID, coordinate).r;" "float y = float(c >> 4) / 4.0;" "float phaseOffset = float(c & 15u) / 16.0;" // "float chroma = step(3.141592654, mod(phase + phaseOffset, 6.283185308)) * 2.0 - 1.0;" "float chroma = cos(phase + phaseOffset);" "return mix(y, chroma, amplitude);" "}"); // set up colours table // 0 // 2, 6, 9, B, // 4, 5, 8, A, C, E // 3, 7, D, F // 1 uint8_t luminances[16] = { // range is 0–4 0, 4, 1, 3, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3 }; uint8_t chrominances[16] = { // range is 0–15 0, 0, 5, 13, 2, 10, 0, 8, 6, 7, 5, 13, 2, 10, 0, 8, }; for(int c = 0; c < 16; c++) { _colours[c] = (uint8_t)((luminances[c] << 4) | chrominances[c]); } } void MOS6560::set_register(int address, uint8_t value) { address &= 0xf; _registers[address] = value; switch(address) { case 0x0: _interlaced = !!(value&0x80); _first_column_location = value & 0x7f; break; case 0x1: _first_row_location = value; break; case 0x2: _number_of_columns = value & 0x7f; _video_matrix_start_address = (uint16_t)((_video_matrix_start_address & 0x3c00) | ((value & 0x80) << 2)); break; case 0x3: _number_of_rows = (value >> 1)&0x3f; _tall_characters = !!(value&0x01); break; case 0x5: _character_cell_start_address = (uint16_t)((value & 0x0f) << 10); _video_matrix_start_address = (uint16_t)((_video_matrix_start_address & 0x0200) | ((value & 0xf0) << 6)); break; case 0xe: _auxiliary_colour = _colours[value >> 4]; // TODO: sound amplitude break; case 0xf: if(_this_state == State::Border) { output_border(_cycles_in_state * 4); _cycles_in_state = 0; } _invertedCells = !!((value >> 3)&1); _borderColour = _colours[value & 0x07]; _backgroundColour = _colours[value >> 4]; break; // TODO: audio, primarily default: break; } } uint8_t MOS6560::get_register(int address) { address &= 0xf; switch(address) { default: return _registers[address]; case 0x03: return (uint8_t)(_vertical_counter << 7) | (_registers[3] & 0x7f); case 0x04: return (_vertical_counter >> 1) & 0xff; } } void MOS6560::output_border(unsigned int number_of_cycles) { uint8_t *colour_pointer = _crt->allocate_write_area(1); if(colour_pointer) *colour_pointer = _borderColour; _crt->output_level(number_of_cycles); } uint16_t MOS6560::get_address() { _horizontal_counter++; if(_horizontal_counter == 65) { _horizontal_counter = 0; _vertical_counter++; _column_counter = -1; if(_vertical_counter == 261) { _vertical_counter = 0; _row_counter = -1; } if(_row_counter >= 0) { _row_counter++; if(_row_counter == _number_of_rows*(_tall_characters ? 16 : 8)) _row_counter = -1; } else if(_vertical_counter == _first_row_location * 2) { _video_matrix_line_address_counter = _video_matrix_start_address; _row_counter = 0; } } if(_column_counter >= 0) { _column_counter++; if(_column_counter == _number_of_columns*2) { _column_counter = -1; if((_row_counter&(_tall_characters ? 15 : 7)) == (_tall_characters ? 15 : 7)) { _video_matrix_line_address_counter = _video_matrix_address_counter; } } } else if(_horizontal_counter == _first_column_location) { _column_counter = 0; _video_matrix_address_counter = _video_matrix_line_address_counter; } // determine output state; colour burst and sync timing are currently a guess if(_horizontal_counter > 61) _this_state = State::ColourBurst; else if(_horizontal_counter > 57) _this_state = State::Sync; else { _this_state = (_column_counter >= 0 && _row_counter >= 0) ? State::Pixels : State::Border; } // update the CRT if(_this_state != _output_state) { switch(_output_state) { case State::Sync: _crt->output_sync(_cycles_in_state * 4); break; case State::ColourBurst: _crt->output_colour_burst(_cycles_in_state * 4, 0, 0); break; case State::Border: output_border(_cycles_in_state * 4); break; case State::Pixels: _crt->output_data(_cycles_in_state * 4, 1); break; } _output_state = _this_state; _cycles_in_state = 0; pixel_pointer = nullptr; if(_output_state == State::Pixels) { pixel_pointer = _crt->allocate_write_area(260); } } _cycles_in_state++; // compute the address if(_this_state == State::Pixels) { /* Per http://tinyvga.com/6561 : The basic video timing is very simple. For every character the VIC-I is about to display, it first fetches the character code and colour, then the character appearance (from the character generator memory). The character codes are read on every raster line, thus making every line a "bad line". When the raster beam is outside of the text window, the videochip reads from $001c for most time. (Some videochips read from $181c instead.) The address occasionally varies, but it might also be due to a flaky bus. (By reading from unconnected address space, such as $9100-$910f, you can read the data fetched by the videochip on the previous clock cycle.) */ if(_column_counter&1) { return _character_cell_start_address + (_character_code*(_tall_characters ? 16 : 8)) + (_row_counter&(_tall_characters ? 15 : 7)); } else { uint16_t result = _video_matrix_address_counter; _video_matrix_address_counter++; return result; } } return 0x1c; } void MOS6560::set_graphics_value(uint8_t value, uint8_t colour_value) { // TODO: this isn't correct, as _character_value will be // accessed second, then output will roll over. Probably it's // correct (given the delays upstream) to output all 8 on an &1 // and to adjust the signalling to the CRT above? if(_this_state == State::Pixels) { if(_column_counter&1) { _character_value = value; if(pixel_pointer) { uint8_t cell_colour = _colours[_character_colour & 0x7]; if(!(_character_colour&0x8)) { pixel_pointer[0] = ((_character_value >> 7)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[1] = ((_character_value >> 6)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[2] = ((_character_value >> 5)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[3] = ((_character_value >> 4)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[4] = ((_character_value >> 3)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[5] = ((_character_value >> 2)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[6] = ((_character_value >> 1)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; pixel_pointer[7] = ((_character_value >> 0)&1) ? cell_colour : _backgroundColour; } else { uint8_t colours[4] = {_backgroundColour, _borderColour, cell_colour, _auxiliary_colour}; pixel_pointer[0] = pixel_pointer[1] = colours[(_character_value >> 6)&3]; pixel_pointer[2] = pixel_pointer[3] = colours[(_character_value >> 4)&3]; pixel_pointer[4] = pixel_pointer[5] = colours[(_character_value >> 2)&3]; pixel_pointer[6] = pixel_pointer[7] = colours[(_character_value >> 0)&3]; } pixel_pointer += 8; } } else { _character_code = value; _character_colour = colour_value; } } }