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301 lines
8.8 KiB
C++
301 lines
8.8 KiB
C++
//
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// Keyboard.h
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// Clock Signal
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//
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// Created by Thomas Harte on 08/05/2019.
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// Copyright © 2019 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
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//
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#ifndef Apple_Macintosh_Keyboard_hpp
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#define Apple_Macintosh_Keyboard_hpp
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#include "../../KeyboardMachine.hpp"
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#include "../../../ClockReceiver/ClockReceiver.hpp"
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#include <mutex>
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#include <vector>
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namespace Apple {
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namespace Macintosh {
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static const uint16_t KeypadMask = 0x100;
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/*!
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Defines the keycodes that could be passed directly to a Macintosh via set_key_pressed.
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*/
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enum class Key: uint16_t {
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/*
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See p284 of the Apple Guide to the Macintosh Family Hardware
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for documentation of the mapping below.
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*/
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BackTick = 0x65,
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k1 = 0x25, k2 = 0x27, k3 = 0x29, k4 = 0x2b, k5 = 0x2f,
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k6 = 0x2d, k7 = 0x35, k8 = 0x39, k9 = 0x33, k0 = 0x3b,
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Hyphen = 0x37,
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Equals = 0x31,
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Backspace = 0x67,
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Tab = 0x61,
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Q = 0x19, W = 0x1b, E = 0x1d, R = 0x1f, T = 0x23, Y = 0x21, U = 0x41, I = 0x45, O = 0x3f, P = 0x47,
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A = 0x01, S = 0x03, D = 0x05, F = 0x07, G = 0x0b, H = 0x09, J = 0x4d, K = 0x51, L = 0x4b,
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Z = 0x0d, X = 0x0f, C = 0x11, V = 0x13, B = 0x17, N = 0x5b, M = 0x5d,
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OpenSquareBracket = 0x43,
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CloseSquareBracket = 0x3d,
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Semicolon = 0x53,
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Quote = 0x4f,
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Comma = 0x57,
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FullStop = 0x5f,
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ForwardSlash = 0x59,
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CapsLock = 0x73,
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Shift = 0x71,
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Option = 0x75,
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Command = 0x6f,
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Space = 0x63,
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Backslash = 0x55,
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Return = 0x49,
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Left = KeypadMask | 0x0d,
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Right = KeypadMask | 0x05,
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Up = KeypadMask | 0x1b,
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Down = KeypadMask | 0x11,
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KeyPadDelete = KeypadMask | 0x0f,
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KeyPadEquals = KeypadMask | 0x11,
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KeyPadSlash = KeypadMask | 0x1b,
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KeyPadAsterisk = KeypadMask | 0x05,
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KeyPadMinus = KeypadMask | 0x1d,
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KeyPadPlus = KeypadMask | 0x0d,
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KeyPadEnter = KeypadMask | 0x19,
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KeyPadDecimalPoint = KeypadMask | 0x03,
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KeyPad9 = KeypadMask | 0x39,
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KeyPad8 = KeypadMask | 0x37,
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KeyPad7 = KeypadMask | 0x33,
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KeyPad6 = KeypadMask | 0x31,
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KeyPad5 = KeypadMask | 0x2f,
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KeyPad4 = KeypadMask | 0x2d,
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KeyPad3 = KeypadMask | 0x2b,
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KeyPad2 = KeypadMask | 0x29,
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KeyPad1 = KeypadMask | 0x27,
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KeyPad0 = KeypadMask | 0x25
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};
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class Keyboard {
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public:
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void set_input(bool data) {
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switch(mode_) {
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case Mode::Waiting:
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/*
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"Only the computer can initiate communication over the keyboard lines. When the computer and keyboard
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are turned on, the computer is in charge of the keyboard interface and the keyboard is passive. The
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computer signals that it is ready to begin communication by pulling the Keyboard Data line low."
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*/
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if(!data) {
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mode_ = Mode::AcceptingCommand;
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phase_ = 0;
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command_ = 0;
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}
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break;
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case Mode::AcceptingCommand:
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/* Note value, so that it can be latched upon a clock transition. */
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data_input_ = data;
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break;
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case Mode::AwaitingEndOfCommand:
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/*
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The last bit of the command leaves the Keyboard Data line low; the computer then indicates that it is ready
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to receive the keyboard's response by setting the Keyboard Data line high.
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*/
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if(data) {
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mode_ = Mode::PerformingCommand;
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phase_ = 0;
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}
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break;
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default:
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case Mode::SendingResponse:
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/* This line isn't currently an input; do nothing. */
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break;
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}
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}
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bool get_clock() {
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return clock_output_;
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}
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bool get_data() {
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return !!(response_ & 0x80);
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}
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/*!
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The keyboard expects ~10 µs-frequency ticks, i.e. a clock rate of just around 100 kHz.
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*/
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void run_for(HalfCycles cycle) {
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switch(mode_) {
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default:
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case Mode::Waiting: return;
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case Mode::AcceptingCommand: {
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/*
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"When the computer is sending data to the keyboard, the keyboard transmits eight cycles of 400 µS each (180 µS low,
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220 µS high) on the Keyboard Clock line. On the falling edge of each keyboard clock cycle, the Macintosh Plus places
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a data bit on the data line and holds it there for 400 µS. The keyboard reads the data bit 80 µS after the rising edge
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of the Keyboard Clock signal."
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*/
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const auto offset = phase_ % 40;
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clock_output_ = offset >= 18;
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if(offset == 26) {
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command_ = (command_ << 1) | (data_input_ ? 1 : 0);
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}
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++phase_;
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if(phase_ == 8*40) {
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mode_ = Mode::AwaitingEndOfCommand;
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phase_ = 0;
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clock_output_ = false;
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}
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} break;
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case Mode::AwaitingEndOfCommand:
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// Time out if the end-of-command seems not to be forthcoming.
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// This is an elaboration on my part; a guess.
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++phase_;
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if(phase_ == 1000) {
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clock_output_ = false;
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mode_ = Mode::Waiting;
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phase_ = 0;
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}
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return;
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case Mode::PerformingCommand: {
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response_ = perform_command(command_);
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// Inquiry has a 0.25-second timeout; everything else is instant.
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++phase_;
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if(phase_ == 25000 || command_ != 0x10 || response_ != 0x7b) {
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mode_ = Mode::SendingResponse;
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phase_ = 0;
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}
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} break;
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case Mode::SendingResponse: {
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/*
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"When sending data to the computer, the keyboard transmits eight cycles of 330 µS each (160 µS low, 170 µS high)
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on the normally high Keyboard Clock line. It places a data bit on the data line 40 µS before the falling edge of each
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clock cycle and maintains it for 330 µS. The VIA in the computer latches the data bit into its shift register on the
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rising edge of the Keyboard Clock signal."
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*/
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const auto offset = phase_ % 33;
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clock_output_ = offset >= 16;
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if(offset == 29) {
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response_ <<= 1;
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}
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++phase_;
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if(phase_ == 8*33) {
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clock_output_ = false;
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mode_ = Mode::Waiting;
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phase_ = 0;
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}
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} break;
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}
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}
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void enqueue_key_state(uint16_t key, bool is_pressed) {
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// Front insert; messages will be pop_back'd.
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std::lock_guard<decltype(key_queue_mutex_)> lock(key_queue_mutex_);
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// Keys on the keypad are preceded by a $79 keycode; in the internal naming scheme
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// they are indicated by having bit 8 set. So add the $79 prefix if required.
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if(key & KeypadMask) {
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key_queue_.insert(key_queue_.begin(), 0x79);
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}
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key_queue_.insert(key_queue_.begin(), (is_pressed ? 0x00 : 0x80) | uint8_t(key));
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}
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private:
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/// Performs the pre-ADB Apple keyboard protocol command @c command, returning
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/// the proper result if the command were to terminate now. So, it treats inquiry
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/// and instant as the same command.
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int perform_command(int command) {
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switch(command) {
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case 0x10: // Inquiry.
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case 0x14: { // Instant.
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std::lock_guard<decltype(key_queue_mutex_)> lock(key_queue_mutex_);
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if(!key_queue_.empty()) {
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const auto new_message = key_queue_.back();
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key_queue_.pop_back();
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return new_message;
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}
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} break;
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case 0x16: // Model number.
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return
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0x01 | // b0: always 1
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(1 << 1) | // keyboard model number
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(1 << 4); // next device number
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// (b7 not set => no next device)
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case 0x36: // Test
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return 0x7d; // 0x7d = ACK, 0x77 = not ACK.
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}
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return 0x7b; // No key transition.
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}
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/// Maintains the current operating mode — a record of what the
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/// keyboard is doing now.
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enum class Mode {
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/// The keyboard is waiting to begin a transaction.
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Waiting,
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/// The keyboard is currently clocking in a new command.
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AcceptingCommand,
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/// The keyboard is waiting for the computer to indicate that it is ready for a response.
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AwaitingEndOfCommand,
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/// The keyboard is in the process of performing the command it most-recently received.
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/// If the command was an 'inquiry', this state may persist for a non-neglibible period of time.
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PerformingCommand,
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/// The keyboard is currently shifting a response back to the computer.
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SendingResponse,
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} mode_ = Mode::Waiting;
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/// Holds a count of progress through the current @c Mode. Exact meaning depends on mode.
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int phase_ = 0;
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/// Holds the most-recently-received command; the command is shifted into here as it is received
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/// so this may not be valid prior to Mode::PerformingCommand.
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int command_ = 0;
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/// Populated during PerformingCommand as the response to the most-recently-received command, this
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/// is then shifted out to teh host computer. So it is guaranteed valid at the beginning of Mode::SendingResponse,
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/// but not afterwards.
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int response_ = 0;
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/// The current state of the serial connection's data input.
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bool data_input_ = false;
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/// The current clock output from this keyboard.
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bool clock_output_ = false;
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/// Guards multithread access to key_queue_.
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std::mutex key_queue_mutex_;
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/// A FIFO queue for key events, in the form they'd be communicated to the Macintosh,
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/// with the newest events towards the front.
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std::vector<uint8_t> key_queue_;
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};
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/*!
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Provides a mapping from idiomatic PC keys to Macintosh keys.
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*/
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class KeyboardMapper: public KeyboardMachine::MappedMachine::KeyboardMapper {
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uint16_t mapped_key_for_key(Inputs::Keyboard::Key key) final;
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};
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}
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}
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#endif /* Apple_Macintosh_Keyboard_hpp */
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