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CLK/Machines/Apple/AppleIIgs/AppleIIgs.cpp

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//
// AppleIIgs.cpp
// Clock Signal
//
// Created by Thomas Harte on 20/10/2020.
// Copyright 2020 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
//
#include "AppleIIgs.hpp"
#include "ADB.hpp"
#include "MemoryMap.hpp"
#include "Video.hpp"
#include "Sound.hpp"
#include "../AppleII/Joystick.hpp"
#include "../../../Activity/Source.hpp"
#include "../../MachineTypes.hpp"
#include "../../../Analyser/Static/AppleIIgs/Target.hpp"
#include "../../../Processors/65816/65816.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/8530/z8530.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/AppleClock/AppleClock.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/AudioToggle/AudioToggle.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/DiskII/IWM.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/DiskII/MacintoshDoubleDensityDrive.hpp"
#include "../../../Components/DiskII/DiskIIDrive.hpp"
#include "../../../Outputs/Speaker/Implementation/CompoundSource.hpp"
#include "../../../Outputs/Speaker/Implementation/LowpassSpeaker.hpp"
#include "../../Utility/MemoryFuzzer.hpp"
#include "../../../ClockReceiver/JustInTime.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <array>
//
// HEAVY WARNING: THIS IS INCOMPLETE AND VERY PROVISIONAL.
//
// You'll notice lots of random bits of debugging code sitting around but commented out.
// Most of this will go when this machine is complete. Please look past the gross ugliness
// of this code's intermediate state if you are able.
//
namespace {
constexpr int CLOCK_RATE = 14'318'180;
// This is the first result that came up when searching for valid Apple IIgs BRAM states;
// I'm unclear on its provenance.
constexpr uint8_t default_bram[] = {
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x06, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0x06, 0x06, 0x00, 0x05, 0x06,
0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x02, 0x02, 0x02,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06,
0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d,
0x0e, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfd, 0x96, 0x57, 0x3c,
};
}
namespace Apple {
namespace IIgs {
class ConcreteMachine:
public Activity::Source,
public Apple::IIgs::Machine,
public MachineTypes::AudioProducer,
public MachineTypes::JoystickMachine,
public MachineTypes::MappedKeyboardMachine,
public MachineTypes::MediaTarget,
public MachineTypes::MouseMachine,
public MachineTypes::ScanProducer,
public MachineTypes::TimedMachine,
public CPU::MOS6502Esque::BusHandler<uint32_t> {
public:
ConcreteMachine(const Analyser::Static::AppleIIgs::Target &target, const ROMMachine::ROMFetcher &rom_fetcher) :
m65816_(*this),
memory_(target.model >= Analyser::Static::AppleIIgs::Target::Model::ROM03),
iwm_(CLOCK_RATE / 2),
drives35_{
{CLOCK_RATE / 2, true},
{CLOCK_RATE / 2, true}
},
drives525_{
{CLOCK_RATE / 2},
{CLOCK_RATE / 2}
},
sound_glu_(audio_queue_),
audio_toggle_(audio_queue_),
mixer_(sound_glu_, audio_toggle_),
speaker_(mixer_) {
set_clock_rate(double(CLOCK_RATE));
speaker_.set_input_rate(float(CLOCK_RATE) / float(audio_divider));
clock_.ClockStorage::set_data(std::begin(default_bram), std::end(default_bram));
using Target = Analyser::Static::AppleIIgs::Target;
ROM::Name system;
switch(target.model) {
case Target::Model::ROM00: system = ROM::Name::AppleIIgsROM00; break;
case Target::Model::ROM01: system = ROM::Name::AppleIIgsROM01; break;
default: system = ROM::Name::AppleIIgsROM03; break;
}
constexpr ROM::Name characters = ROM::Name::AppleIIEnhancedECharacter;
constexpr ROM::Name microcontroller = ROM::Name::AppleIIgsMicrocontrollerROM03;
ROM::Request request = ROM::Request(system) && ROM::Request(characters) && ROM::Request(microcontroller);
auto roms = rom_fetcher(request);
if(!request.validate(roms)) {
throw ROMMachine::Error::MissingROMs;
}
rom_ = roms.find(system)->second;
video_->set_character_rom(roms.find(characters)->second);
adb_glu_->set_microcontroller_rom(roms.find(microcontroller)->second);
// Run only the currently-interesting self test.
// rom_[0x36402] = 2;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x7c; // ROM_CHECKSUM [working, when hacks like this are removed]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6c;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x82; // MOVIRAM [working]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x67;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x2c; // SOFT_SW [working]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6a;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xe8; // RAM_ADDR [working]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6f;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xc7; // FPI_SPEED [working]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6a;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xd7; // SER_TST [broken]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x68;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xdc; // CLOCK [broken]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6c;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x1b; // BAT_RAM [broken]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6e;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x11; // FDB (/ADB?) [broken]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6f;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x41; // SHADOW_TST [working]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6d;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0x09; // CUSTOM_IRQ [broken?]
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x6b;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xf4; // DOC_EXEC
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x70;
// rom_[0x36403] = 0xab; // ECT_SEQ
// rom_[0x36404] = 0x64;
// rom_[0xfc146f] = rom_[0xfc1470] = 0xea;
size_t ram_size = 0;
switch(target.memory_model) {
case Target::MemoryModel::TwoHundredAndFiftySixKB:
ram_size = 256;
break;
case Target::MemoryModel::OneMB:
ram_size = 128 + 1024;
break;
case Target::MemoryModel::EightMB:
ram_size = 128 + 8 * 1024;
break;
}
ram_.resize(ram_size * 1024);
memory_.set_storage(ram_, rom_);
video_->set_internal_ram(&ram_[ram_.size() - 128*1024]);
// Attach drives to the IWM.
iwm_->set_drive(0, &drives35_[0]);
iwm_->set_drive(1, &drives35_[1]);
// Randomise RAM contents.
Memory::Fuzz(ram_);
// Prior to ROM03 there's no power-on bit.
if(target.model != Target::Model::ROM03) {
speed_register_ &= ~0x40;
}
// Sync up initial values.
memory_.set_speed_register(speed_register_ ^ 0x80);
insert_media(target.media);
}
~ConcreteMachine() {
audio_queue_.flush();
}
void run_for(const Cycles cycles) override {
m65816_.run_for(cycles);
}
void flush_output(int outputs) final {
iwm_.flush();
adb_glu_.flush();
if(outputs & Output::Video) {
video_.flush();
}
if(outputs & Output::Audio) {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
audio_queue_.perform();
}
}
void set_scan_target(Outputs::Display::ScanTarget *target) override {
video_->set_scan_target(target);
}
Outputs::Display::ScanStatus get_scaled_scan_status() const override {
return video_->get_scaled_scan_status() * 2.0f; // TODO: expose multiplier and divider via the JustInTime template?
}
void set_display_type(Outputs::Display::DisplayType display_type) final {
video_->set_display_type(display_type);
}
Outputs::Display::DisplayType get_display_type() const final {
return video_->get_display_type();
}
Outputs::Speaker::Speaker *get_speaker() final {
return &speaker_;
}
// MARK: MediaTarget.
bool insert_media(const Analyser::Static::Media &media) final {
if(!media.disks.empty()) {
const auto disk = media.disks[0];
if(disk->get_maximum_head_position().as_int() > 35) {
drives35_[0].set_disk(media.disks[0]);
} else {
drives525_[0].set_disk(media.disks[0]);
}
}
return true;
}
// MARK: Activity::Source
void set_activity_observer(Activity::Observer *observer) final {
drives35_[0].set_activity_observer(observer, "First 3.5\" Drive", true);
drives35_[1].set_activity_observer(observer, "Second 3.5\" Drive", true);
drives525_[0].set_activity_observer(observer, "First 5.25\" Drive", true);
drives525_[1].set_activity_observer(observer, "Second 5.25\" Drive", true);
}
// MARK: BusHandler.
forceinline Cycles perform_bus_operation(const CPU::WDC65816::BusOperation operation, const uint32_t address, uint8_t *const value) {
const auto &region = memory_.region(address);
bool is_1Mhz = false;
if(operation == CPU::WDC65816::BusOperation::ReadVector && !(memory_.get_shadow_register()&0x40)) {
// I think vector pulls always go to ROM?
// That's slightly implied in the documentation, and doing so makes GS/OS boot, so...
// TODO: but is my guess above re: not doing that if IOLC shadowing is disabled correct?
assert(address <= 0xffff && address >= 0xffe4);
*value = rom_[rom_.size() - 65536 + address];
} else if(region.flags & MemoryMap::Region::IsIO) {
// Ensure classic auxiliary and language card accesses have effect.
const bool is_read = isReadOperation(operation);
memory_.access(uint16_t(address), is_read);
const auto address_suffix = address & 0xffff;
assert(address_suffix >= 0xc000 && address_suffix < 0xd000);
#define ReadWrite(x) (x) | (is_read * 0x10000)
#define Read(x) (x) | 0x10000
#define Write(x) (x)
switch(ReadWrite(address_suffix)) {
// New video register.
case Read(0xc029):
*value = video_->get_new_video();
break;
case Write(0xc029):
video_->set_new_video(*value);
assert(*value & 1);
// TODO: I think bits 7 and 0 might also affect the memory map.
// The descripton isn't especially clear — P.90 of the Hardware Reference.
// Revisit if necessary.
break;
// Video [and clock] interrupt register.
case Read(0xc023):
*value = video_->get_interrupt_register();
break;
case Write(0xc023):
video_->set_interrupt_register(*value);
break;
// Video interrupt-clear register.
case Write(0xc032):
video_->clear_interrupts(*value);
break;
case Read(0xc032):
// TODO: this seems to be undocumented, but used. What value is likely?
*value = 0xff;
break;
// Shadow register.
case Read(0xc035):
*value = memory_.get_shadow_register();
break;
case Write(0xc035):
memory_.set_shadow_register(*value);
break;
// Clock data.
case Read(0xc033):
*value = clock_.get_data();
break;
case Write(0xc033):
clock_.set_data(*value);
break;
// Clock and border control.
case Read(0xc034):
*value = (clock_.get_control() & 0xf0) | (video_.last_valid()->get_border_colour() & 0x0f);
break;
case Write(0xc034):
clock_.set_control(*value);
video_->set_border_colour(*value);
break;
// Colour text control.
case Write(0xc022):
video_->set_text_colour(*value);
break;
case Read(0xc022):
*value = video_.last_valid()->get_text_colour();
break;
// Speed register.
case Read(0xc036):
*value = speed_register_ ^ 0x80;
break;
case Write(0xc036):
// b7: 1 => operate at 2.8Mhz; 0 => 1Mhz.
// b6: power-on status; 1 => system has been turned on by the power switch (TODO: what clears this?)
// b5: reserved
// b4: [bank shadowing bit; cf. the memory map]
// b0–3: motor on-off speed detectors;
// 1 => switch to 1Mhz if motor is on; 0 => don't;
// b0 = slot 4 (i.e. watches addresses c0c9, c0c8)
// b1 = slot 5 (i.e. c0d9, c0d8)
// b2 = slot 6 (i.e. c0e9, c0e8)
// b3 = slot 7 (i.e. c0f9, c0f8)
memory_.set_speed_register(*value);
speed_register_ = *value ^ 0x80;
break;
// [Memory] State register.
case Read(0xc068):
*value = memory_.get_state_register();
break;
case Write(0xc068):
memory_.set_state_register(*value);
video_->set_page2(*value & 0x40);
break;
case Read(0xc069):
case Write(0xc069):
// Swallow silently; often hit as a side effect of a 16-bit write to 0xc068.
break;
// Various independent memory switch reads [TODO: does the IIe-style keyboard provide the low seven?].
#define SwitchRead(s) *value = memory_.s ? 0x80 : 0x00; is_1Mhz = true;
#define LanguageRead(s) SwitchRead(language_card_switches().state().s)
#define AuxiliaryRead(s) SwitchRead(auxiliary_switches().switches().s)
#define VideoRead(s) *value = video_.last_valid()->s ? 0x80 : 0x00; is_1Mhz = true;
case Read(0xc011): LanguageRead(bank2); break;
case Read(0xc012): LanguageRead(read); break;
case Read(0xc013): AuxiliaryRead(read_auxiliary_memory); break;
case Read(0xc014): AuxiliaryRead(write_auxiliary_memory); break;
case Read(0xc015): AuxiliaryRead(internal_CX_rom); break;
case Read(0xc016): AuxiliaryRead(alternative_zero_page); break;
case Read(0xc017): AuxiliaryRead(slot_C3_rom); break;
case Read(0xc018): VideoRead(get_80_store()); break;
case Read(0xc019):
VideoRead(get_is_vertical_blank(video_.time_since_flush()));
break;
case Read(0xc01a): VideoRead(get_text()); break;
case Read(0xc01b): VideoRead(get_mixed()); break;
case Read(0xc01c): VideoRead(get_page2()); break;
case Read(0xc01d): VideoRead(get_high_resolution()); break;
case Read(0xc01e): VideoRead(get_alternative_character_set()); break;
case Read(0xc01f): VideoRead(get_80_columns()); break;
#undef VideoRead
#undef AuxiliaryRead
#undef LanguageRead
#undef SwitchRead
// Video switches (and annunciators).
case Read(0xc050): case Read(0xc051):
case Write(0xc050): case Write(0xc051):
video_->set_text(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc052): case Read(0xc053):
case Write(0xc052): case Write(0xc053):
video_->set_mixed(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc054): case Read(0xc055):
case Write(0xc054): case Write(0xc055):
video_->set_page2(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc056): case Read(0xc057):
case Write(0xc056): case Write(0xc057):
video_->set_high_resolution(address&1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc058): case Read(0xc059):
case Write(0xc058): case Write(0xc059):
case Read(0xc05a): case Read(0xc05b):
case Write(0xc05a): case Write(0xc05b):
case Read(0xc05c): case Read(0xc05d):
case Write(0xc05c): case Write(0xc05d):
// Annunciators 0, 1 and 2.
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc05e): case Read(0xc05f):
case Write(0xc05e): case Write(0xc05f):
video_->set_annunciator_3(!(address&1));
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Write(0xc000): case Write(0xc001):
video_->set_80_store(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Write(0xc00c): case Write(0xc00d):
video_->set_80_columns(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Write(0xc00e): case Write(0xc00f):
video_->set_alternative_character_set(address & 1);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
// ADB and keyboard.
case Read(0xc000):
*value = adb_glu_->get_keyboard_data();
break;
case Read(0xc010):
*value = adb_glu_->get_any_key_down() ? 0x80 : 0x00;
[[fallthrough]];
case Write(0xc010):
adb_glu_->clear_key_strobe();
break;
case Read(0xc024):
*value = adb_glu_->get_mouse_data();
break;
case Read(0xc025):
*value = adb_glu_->get_modifier_status();
break;
case Read(0xc026):
*value = adb_glu_->get_data();
break;
case Write(0xc026):
adb_glu_->set_command(*value);
break;
case Read(0xc027):
*value = adb_glu_->get_status();
break;
case Write(0xc027):
adb_glu_->set_status(*value);
break;
// The SCC.
case Read(0xc038): case Read(0xc039): case Read(0xc03a): case Read(0xc03b):
*value = scc_.read(int(address));
break;
case Write(0xc038): case Write(0xc039): case Write(0xc03a): case Write(0xc03b):
scc_.write(int(address), *value);
break;
// The audio GLU.
case Read(0xc03c): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
*value = sound_glu_.get_control();
} break;
case Write(0xc03c): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
sound_glu_.set_control(*value);
} break;
case Read(0xc03d): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
*value = sound_glu_.get_data();
} break;
case Write(0xc03d): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
sound_glu_.set_data(*value);
} break;
case Read(0xc03e): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
*value = sound_glu_.get_address_low();
} break;
case Write(0xc03e): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
sound_glu_.set_address_low(*value);
} break;
case Read(0xc03f): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
*value = sound_glu_.get_address_high();
} break;
case Write(0xc03f): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
sound_glu_.set_address_high(*value);
} break;
// These were all dealt with by the call to memory_.access.
// TODO: subject to read data? Does vapour lock apply?
case Read(0xc002): case Read(0xc003): case Read(0xc004): case Read(0xc005):
case Read(0xc006): case Read(0xc007): case Read(0xc008): case Read(0xc009): case Read(0xc00a): case Read(0xc00b):
*value = 0xff;
break;
case Write(0xc002): case Write(0xc003): case Write(0xc004): case Write(0xc005):
case Write(0xc006): case Write(0xc007): case Write(0xc008): case Write(0xc009): case Write(0xc00a): case Write(0xc00b):
break;
// Interrupt ROM addresses; Cf. P25 of the Hardware Reference.
case Read(0xc071): case Read(0xc072): case Read(0xc073):
case Read(0xc074): case Read(0xc075): case Read(0xc076): case Read(0xc077):
case Read(0xc078): case Read(0xc079): case Read(0xc07a): case Read(0xc07b):
case Read(0xc07c): case Read(0xc07d): case Read(0xc07e): case Read(0xc07f):
*value = rom_[rom_.size() - 65536 + address_suffix];
break;
// Analogue inputs.
case Read(0xc061):
*value = (adb_glu_->get_command_button() || joysticks_.button(0)) ? 0x80 : 0x00;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc062):
*value = (adb_glu_->get_option_button() || joysticks_.button(1)) ? 0x80 : 0x00;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc063):
*value = joysticks_.button(2) ? 0x80 : 0x00;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc064):
case Read(0xc065):
case Read(0xc066):
case Read(0xc067): {
// Analogue inputs.
const size_t input = address_suffix - 0xc064;
*value = joysticks_.analogue_channel_is_discharged(input) ? 0x00 : 0x80;
is_1Mhz = true;
} break;
case Read(0xc070): case Write(0xc070):
joysticks_.access_c070();
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
// Monochome/colour register.
case Read(0xc021):
// "Uses bit 7 to determine whether composite output is colour 9) or gray scale (1)."
*value = video_.last_valid()->get_composite_is_colour() ? 0x00 : 0x80;
break;
case Write(0xc021):
video_->set_composite_is_colour(!(*value & 0x80));
break;
case Read(0xc02e):
*value = video_.last_valid()->get_vertical_counter(video_.time_since_flush());
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc02f):
*value = video_.last_valid()->get_horizontal_counter(video_.time_since_flush());
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
// C037 seems to be just a full-speed storage register.
case Read(0xc037):
*value = c037_;
break;
case Write(0xc037):
c037_ = *value;
break;
case Read(0xc041):
*value = megaii_interrupt_mask_;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Write(0xc041):
megaii_interrupt_mask_ = *value;
video_->set_megaii_interrupts_enabled(*value);
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc044):
// MMDELTAX byte.
*value = 0;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc045):
// MMDELTAY byte.
*value = 0;
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc046):
*value = video_->get_megaii_interrupt_status();
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc047): case Write(0xc047):
video_->clear_megaii_interrupts();
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
case Read(0xc048): case Write(0xc048):
// No-op: Clear Mega II mouse interrupt flags
is_1Mhz = true;
break;
// Language select.
// b7, b6, b5: character generator language select;
// b4: NTSC/PAL (0 = NTC);
// b3: language select — primary or secondary.
case Read(0xc02b):
*value = language_;
break;
case Write(0xc02b):
language_ = *value;
break;
// TODO: 0xc02c is "Addr for tst mode read of character ROM". So it reads... what?
// Slot select.
case Read(0xc02d):
// b7: 0 = internal ROM code for slot 7;
// b6: 0 = internal ROM code for slot 6;
// b5: 0 = internal ROM code for slot 5;
// b4: 0 = internal ROM code for slot 4;
// b3: reserved;
// b2: internal ROM code for slot 2;
// b1: internal ROM code for slot 1;
// b0: reserved.
*value = card_mask_;
break;
case Write(0xc02d):
card_mask_ = *value;
break;
case Read(0xc030): case Write(0xc030): {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
audio_toggle_.set_output(!audio_toggle_.get_output());
} break;
// 'Test Mode', whatever that is (?)
case Read(0xc06e): case Read(0xc06f):
case Write(0xc06e): case Write(0xc06f):
test_mode_ = address & 1;
break;
case Read(0xc06d):
*value = test_mode_ * 0x80;
break;
// Disk drive controls additional to the IWM.
case Read(0xc031):
*value = disk_select_;
break;
case Write(0xc031):
// b7: 0 = use head 0; 1 = use head 1.
// b6: 0 = use 5.25" disks; 1 = use 3.5".
disk_select_ = *value;
iwm_->set_select(*value & 0x80);
// Presumably bit 6 selects between two 5.25" drives rather than the two 3.5"?
if(*value & 0x40) {
iwm_->set_drive(0, &drives35_[0]);
iwm_->set_drive(1, &drives35_[1]);
} else {
iwm_->set_drive(0, &drives525_[0]);
iwm_->set_drive(1, &drives525_[1]);
}
break;
// Addresses on other Apple II devices which do nothing on the GS.
case Read(0xc020): case Write(0xc020): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc028): case Write(0xc028): // ROMBANK; "not used in Apple IIGS".
case Read(0xc02a): case Write(0xc02a): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc040): case Write(0xc040): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc042): case Write(0xc042): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc043): case Write(0xc043): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc049): case Write(0xc049): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04a): case Write(0xc04a): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04b): case Write(0xc04b): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04c): case Write(0xc04c): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04d): case Write(0xc04d): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04e): case Write(0xc04e): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc04f): case Write(0xc04f): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc06b): case Write(0xc06b): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Read(0xc06c): case Write(0xc06c): // Reserved for future system expansion.
case Write(0xc07e):
break;
default:
// Update motor mask bits.
switch(address_suffix) {
case 0xc0c8: motor_flags_ &= ~0x01; break;
case 0xc0c9: motor_flags_ |= 0x01; break;
case 0xc0d8: motor_flags_ &= ~0x02; break;
case 0xc0d9: motor_flags_ |= 0x02; break;
case 0xc0e8: motor_flags_ &= ~0x04; break;
case 0xc0e9: motor_flags_ |= 0x04; break;
case 0xc0f8: motor_flags_ &= ~0x08; break;
case 0xc0f9: motor_flags_ |= 0x08; break;
}
// Check for a card access.
if(address_suffix >= 0xc080 && address_suffix < 0xc800) {
// This is an abridged version of the similar code in AppleII.cpp from
// line 653; it would be good to factor that out and support cards here.
// For now just either supply the internal ROM or nothing as per the
// current card mask.
size_t card_number = 0;
if(address_suffix >= 0xc100) {
/*
Decode the area conventionally used by cards for ROMs:
0xCn00 to 0xCnff: card n.
*/
card_number = (address_suffix - 0xc000) >> 8;
} else {
/*
Decode the area conventionally used by cards for registers:
C0n0 to C0nF: card n - 8.
*/
card_number = (address_suffix - 0xc080) >> 4;
}
const uint8_t permitted_card_mask_ = card_mask_ & 0xf6;
if(permitted_card_mask_ & (1 << card_number)) {
// TODO: Access an actual card.
assert(operation != CPU::WDC65816::BusOperation::ReadOpcode);
if(is_read) {
*value = 0xff;
}
} else {
switch(address_suffix) {
default:
// Temporary: log _potential_ mistakes.
if((address_suffix < 0xc100 && address_suffix >= 0xc090) || (address_suffix < 0xc080)) {
printf("Internal card-area access: %04x\n", address_suffix);
}
if(is_read) {
*value = rom_[rom_.size() - 65536 + address_suffix];
}
break;
// IWM.
case 0xc0e0: case 0xc0e1: case 0xc0e2: case 0xc0e3:
case 0xc0e4: case 0xc0e5: case 0xc0e6: case 0xc0e7:
case 0xc0e8: case 0xc0e9: case 0xc0ea: case 0xc0eb:
case 0xc0ec: case 0xc0ed: case 0xc0ee: case 0xc0ef:
if(is_read) {
*value = iwm_->read(int(address_suffix));
} else {
iwm_->write(int(address_suffix), *value);
}
break;
}
}
#undef ReadWrite
#undef Read
#undef Write
} else {
// Access the internal ROM.
//
// TODO: should probably occur only if there was a preceding access to a built-in
// card ROM?
if(is_read) {
*value = rom_[rom_.size() - 65536 + address_suffix];
}
if(address_suffix < 0xc080) {
// TODO: all other IO accesses.
printf("Unhandled IO %s: %04x\n", is_read ? "read" : "write", address_suffix);
}
}
}
} else {
// For debugging purposes; if execution heads off into an unmapped page then
// it's pretty certain that my 65816 still has issues.
assert(operation != CPU::WDC65816::BusOperation::ReadOpcode || region.read);
is_1Mhz = region.flags & MemoryMap::Region::Is1Mhz;
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
*value = memory_.read(region, address);
} else {
// Shadowed writes also occur "at 1Mhz".
// TODO: this is probably an approximation. I'm assuming that there's the ability asynchronously to post
// both a 1Mhz cycle and a 2.8Mhz cycle and since the latter always fits into the former, this is sufficiently
// descriptive. I suspect this isn't true as it wouldn't explain the speed boost that Wolfenstein and others
// get by adding periodic NOPs within their copy-to-shadow step.
//
// Maybe the interaction with 2.8Mhz refresh isn't as straightforward as I think?
const bool is_shadowed = memory_.is_shadowed(region, address);
is_1Mhz |= is_shadowed;
// Use a very broad test for flushing video: any write to $e0 or $e1, or any write that is shadowed.
// TODO: at least restrict the e0/e1 test to possible video buffers!
if((address >= 0xe0'0400 && address < 0xe1'a000) || is_shadowed) {
video_.flush();
}
memory_.write(region, address, *value);
}
}
Cycles duration;
// In preparation for this test: the top bit of speed_register_ has been inverted,
// so 1 => 1Mhz, 0 => 2.8Mhz, and motor_flags_ always has that bit set.
if(is_1Mhz || (speed_register_ & motor_flags_)) {
// TODO: this is very implicitly linked to the video timing; make that overt somehow. Even if it's just with a redundant video setter at construction.
const int current_length = 14 + 2*(slow_access_phase_ / 896); // Length of cycle currently ongoing.
const int phase_adjust = (current_length - slow_access_phase_%14)%current_length; // Amount of time to expand waiting until end of cycle, if not actually at start.
const int access_phase = (slow_access_phase_ + phase_adjust)%912; // Phase at which access will begin.
const int next_length = 14 + 2*(access_phase / 896); // Length of cycle that this access will occur within.
duration = Cycles(next_length + phase_adjust);
} else {
// Clues as to 'fast' refresh timing:
//
// (i) "The time required for the refresh cycles reduces the effective
// processor speed for programs in RAM by about 8 percent.";
// (ii) "These cycles occur approximately every 3.5 microseconds"
//
// 3.5µs @ 14,318,180Hz => one every 50.11 cycles. Safe to assume every 10th fast cycle
// is refresh? That feels like a lot.
//
// (and the IIgs is smart enough that refresh is applicable only to RAM accesses).
const int phase_adjust = (5 - fast_access_phase_%5)%5;
const int refresh = (fast_access_phase_ / 45) * bool(region.write) * 5;
duration = Cycles(5 + phase_adjust + refresh);
}
// TODO: lookup tables to avoid the above? LCM of the two phases is 22,800 so probably 912+50 bytes plus two counters.
fast_access_phase_ = (fast_access_phase_ + duration.as<int>()) % 50;
slow_access_phase_ = (slow_access_phase_ + duration.as<int>()) % 912;
// Propagate time far and wide.
cycles_since_clock_tick_ += duration;
auto ticks = cycles_since_clock_tick_.divide(Cycles(CLOCK_RATE)).as_integral();
while(ticks--) {
clock_.update();
video_.last_valid()->notify_clock_tick(); // The video controller marshalls the one-second interrupt.
// TODO: I think I may have made a false assumption here; does
// the VGC have an independent 1-second interrupt?
update_interrupts();
}
video_ += duration;
iwm_ += duration;
cycles_since_audio_update_ += duration;
adb_glu_ += duration;
if(cycles_since_audio_update_ >= cycles_until_audio_event_) {
AudioUpdater updater(this);
update_interrupts();
}
if(video_.did_flush()) {
update_interrupts();
const bool is_vertical_blank = video_.last_valid()->get_is_vertical_blank(video_.time_since_flush());
if(is_vertical_blank != adb_glu_.last_valid()->get_vertical_blank()) {
adb_glu_->set_vertical_blank(is_vertical_blank);
}
}
joysticks_.update_charge(duration.as<float>() / 14.0f);
return duration;
}
void update_interrupts() {
// Update the interrupt line.
// TODO: add ADB controller as event source.
m65816_.set_irq_line(video_.last_valid()->get_interrupt_line() || sound_glu_.get_interrupt_line());
}
// MARK: - Input.
KeyboardMapper *get_keyboard_mapper() final {
return &keyboard_mapper_;
}
void set_key_state(uint16_t key, bool is_pressed) final {
adb_glu_.last_valid()->keyboard().set_key_pressed(Apple::ADB::Key(key), is_pressed);
}
void clear_all_keys() final {
adb_glu_.last_valid()->keyboard().clear_all_keys();
}
Inputs::Mouse &get_mouse() final {
return adb_glu_.last_valid()->get_mouse();
}
const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Inputs::Joystick>> &get_joysticks() final {
return joysticks_.get_joysticks();
}
private:
CPU::WDC65816::Processor<ConcreteMachine, false> m65816_;
MemoryMap memory_;
// MARK: - Timing.
int fast_access_phase_ = 0;
int slow_access_phase_ = 0;
uint8_t speed_register_ = 0x40; // i.e. Power-on status. (TODO: only if ROM03?)
uint8_t motor_flags_ = 0x80;
// MARK: - Memory storage.
std::vector<uint8_t> ram_;
std::vector<uint8_t> rom_;
uint8_t c037_ = 0;
// MARK: - Other components.
Apple::Clock::ParallelClock clock_;
JustInTimeActor<Apple::IIgs::Video::Video, Cycles, 1, 2> video_; // i.e. run video at 7Mhz.
JustInTimeActor<Apple::IIgs::ADB::GLU, Cycles, 1, 4> adb_glu_; // i.e. 3,579,545Mhz.
Zilog::SCC::z8530 scc_;
JustInTimeActor<Apple::IWM, Cycles, 1, 2> iwm_;
Cycles cycles_since_clock_tick_;
Apple::Macintosh::DoubleDensityDrive drives35_[2];
Apple::Disk::DiskIIDrive drives525_[2];
// The audio parts.
Concurrency::AsyncTaskQueue<false> audio_queue_;
Apple::IIgs::Sound::GLU sound_glu_;
Audio::Toggle audio_toggle_;
using AudioSource = Outputs::Speaker::CompoundSource<Apple::IIgs::Sound::GLU, Audio::Toggle>;
AudioSource mixer_;
Outputs::Speaker::PullLowpass<AudioSource> speaker_;
Cycles cycles_since_audio_update_;
Cycles cycles_until_audio_event_;
static constexpr int audio_divider = 16;
void update_audio() {
const auto divided_cycles = cycles_since_audio_update_.divide(Cycles(audio_divider));
sound_glu_.run_for(divided_cycles);
speaker_.run_for(audio_queue_, divided_cycles);
}
class AudioUpdater {
public:
AudioUpdater(ConcreteMachine *machine) : machine_(machine) {
machine_->update_audio();
}
~AudioUpdater() {
machine_->cycles_until_audio_event_ = machine_->sound_glu_.next_sequence_point();
}
private:
ConcreteMachine *machine_;
};
friend AudioUpdater;
// MARK: - Keyboard and joystick.
Apple::ADB::KeyboardMapper keyboard_mapper_;
Apple::II::JoystickPair joysticks_;
// MARK: - Cards.
// TODO: most of cards.
uint8_t card_mask_ = 0x00;
bool test_mode_ = false;
uint8_t language_ = 0;
uint8_t disk_select_ = 0;
uint8_t megaii_interrupt_mask_ = 0;
};
}
}
using namespace Apple::IIgs;
std::unique_ptr<Machine> Machine::AppleIIgs(const Analyser::Static::Target *target, const ROMMachine::ROMFetcher &rom_fetcher) {
return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine>(*dynamic_cast<const Analyser::Static::AppleIIgs::Target *>(target), rom_fetcher);
}
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