Files
EightBitNet/M6502/Core.cs
2024-10-09 19:48:33 +01:00

1112 lines
42 KiB
C#

// <copyright file="Core.cs" company="Adrian Conlon">
// Copyright (c) Adrian Conlon. All rights reserved.
// </copyright>
//using EightBit;
namespace M6502
{
using EightBit;
public abstract class Core(Bus bus) : LittleEndianProcessor(bus)
{
#region Pin controls
#region NMI pin
public ref PinLevel NMI => ref nmiLine;
private PinLevel nmiLine = PinLevel.Low;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisingNMI;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisedNMI;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweringNMI;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweredNMI;
protected virtual void OnRaisingNMI() => RaisingNMI?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnRaisedNMI() => RaisedNMI?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweringNMI() => LoweringNMI?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweredNMI() => LoweredNMI?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1030:Use events where appropriate", Justification = "The word 'raise' is used in an electrical sense")]
public virtual void RaiseNMI()
{
if (NMI.Lowered())
{
OnRaisingNMI();
NMI.Raise();
OnRaisedNMI();
}
}
public virtual void LowerNMI()
{
if (NMI.Raised())
{
OnLoweringNMI();
NMI.Lower();
OnLoweredNMI();
}
}
#endregion
#region SO pin
public ref PinLevel SO => ref soLine;
private PinLevel soLine = PinLevel.Low;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisingSO;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisedSO;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweringSO;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweredSO;
protected virtual void OnRaisingSO() => RaisingSO?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnRaisedSO() => RaisedSO?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweringSO() => LoweringSO?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweredSO() => LoweredSO?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1030:Use events where appropriate", Justification = "The word 'raise' is used in an electrical sense")]
public virtual void RaiseSO()
{
if (SO.Lowered())
{
OnRaisingSO();
SO.Raise();
OnRaisedSO();
}
}
public virtual void LowerSO()
{
if (SO.Raised())
{
OnLoweringSO();
SO.Lower();
OnLoweredSO();
}
}
#endregion
#region SYNC pin
public ref PinLevel SYNC => ref syncLine;
private PinLevel syncLine = PinLevel.Low;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisingSYNC;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisedSYNC;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweringSYNC;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweredSYNC;
protected virtual void OnRaisingSYNC() => RaisingSYNC?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnRaisedSYNC() => RaisedSYNC?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweringSYNC() => LoweringSYNC?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweredSYNC() => LoweredSYNC?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1030:Use events where appropriate", Justification = "The word 'raise' is used in an electrical sense")]
protected virtual void RaiseSYNC()
{
OnRaisingSYNC();
SYNC.Raise();
OnRaisedSYNC();
}
protected virtual void LowerSYNC()
{
OnLoweringSYNC();
SYNC.Lower();
OnLoweredSYNC();
}
#endregion
#region RDY pin
public ref PinLevel RDY => ref rdyLine;
private PinLevel rdyLine = PinLevel.Low;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisingRDY;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisedRDY;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweringRDY;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweredRDY;
protected virtual void OnRaisingRDY() => RaisingRDY?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnRaisedRDY() => RaisedRDY?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweringRDY() => LoweringRDY?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweredRDY() => LoweredRDY?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1030:Use events where appropriate", Justification = "The word 'raise' is used in an electrical sense")]
public virtual void RaiseRDY()
{
if (RDY.Lowered())
{
OnRaisingRDY();
RDY.Raise();
OnRaisedRDY();
}
}
public virtual void LowerRDY()
{
if (RDY.Raised())
{
OnLoweringRDY();
RDY.Lower();
OnLoweredRDY();
}
}
#endregion
#region RW pin
public ref PinLevel RW => ref rwLine;
private PinLevel rwLine = PinLevel.Low;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisingRW;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? RaisedRW;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweringRW;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? LoweredRW;
protected virtual void OnRaisingRW() => RaisingRW?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnRaisedRW() => RaisedRW?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweringRW() => LoweringRW?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
protected virtual void OnLoweredRW() => LoweredRW?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
[System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Design", "CA1030:Use events where appropriate", Justification = "The word 'raise' is used in an electrical sense")]
public virtual void RaiseRW()
{
if (RW.Lowered())
{
OnRaisingRW();
RW.Raise();
OnRaisedRW();
}
}
public virtual void LowerRW()
{
if (RW.Raised())
{
OnLoweringRW();
RW.Lower();
OnLoweredRW();
}
}
#endregion
protected override void OnRaisedPOWER()
{
X = (byte)Bits.Bit7;
Y = 0;
A = 0;
P = (byte)StatusBits.RF;
S = (byte)Mask.Eight;
LowerSYNC();
LowerRW();
base.OnRaisedPOWER();
}
#endregion
#region Interrupts
private const byte IRQvector = 0xfe; // IRQ vector
private const byte RSTvector = 0xfc; // RST vector
private const byte NMIvector = 0xfa; // NMI vector
protected enum InterruptSource { hardware, software };
protected enum InterruptType { reset, nonReset };
protected virtual void Interrupt(byte vector, InterruptSource source = InterruptSource.hardware, InterruptType type = InterruptType.nonReset)
{
if (type == InterruptType.reset)
{
DummyPush();
DummyPush();
DummyPush();
}
else
{
PushWord(PC);
Push((byte)(P | (source == InterruptSource.hardware ? 0 : (byte)StatusBits.BF)));
}
SetFlag(StatusBits.IF); // Disable IRQ
Jump(GetWordPaged(0xff, vector));
}
#region Interrupt etc. handlers
protected override sealed void HandleRESET()
{
RaiseRESET();
Interrupt(RSTvector, InterruptSource.hardware, InterruptType.reset);
}
protected override sealed void HandleINT()
{
RaiseINT();
Interrupt(IRQvector);
}
private void HandleNMI()
{
RaiseNMI();
Interrupt(NMIvector);
}
private void HandleSO()
{
RaiseSO();
SetFlag(StatusBits.VF);
}
#endregion
#endregion
#region Registers
public byte X { get; set; }
public byte Y { get; set; }
public byte A { get; set; }
public byte S { get; set; }
public byte P { get; set; }
#endregion
#region Processor state helpers
protected int InterruptMasked => P & (byte)StatusBits.IF;
protected int DecimalMasked => P & (byte)StatusBits.DF;
protected int Negative => NegativeTest(P);
protected int Zero => ZeroTest(P);
protected int Overflow => OverflowTest(P);
protected int Carry => CarryTest(P);
protected static int NegativeTest(byte data) => data & (byte)StatusBits.NF;
protected static int ZeroTest(byte data) => data & (byte)StatusBits.ZF;
protected static int OverflowTest(byte data) => data & (byte)StatusBits.VF;
protected static int CarryTest(byte data) => data & (byte)StatusBits.CF;
#endregion
#region Bit/state twiddling
#region Bit twiddling
private static byte SetBit(byte f, StatusBits flag) => SetBit(f, (byte)flag);
private static byte SetBit(byte f, StatusBits flag, int condition) => SetBit(f, (byte)flag, condition);
private static byte SetBit(byte f, StatusBits flag, bool condition) => SetBit(f, (byte)flag, condition);
private static byte ClearBit(byte f, StatusBits flag) => ClearBit(f, (byte)flag);
private static byte ClearBit(byte f, StatusBits flag, int condition) => ClearBit(f, (byte)flag, condition);
#endregion
#region State flag twiddling
protected void SetFlag(StatusBits flag)
{
P = SetBit(P, flag);
}
protected void SetFlag(StatusBits which, int condition)
{
P = SetBit(P, which, condition);
}
protected void SetFlag(StatusBits which, bool condition)
{
P = SetBit(P, which, condition);
}
protected void ResetFlag(StatusBits which)
{
P = ClearBit(P, which);
}
protected void ResetFlag(StatusBits which, int condition)
{
P = ClearBit(P, which, condition);
}
#endregion
#endregion
#region Cycle wastage
protected void SwallowRead() => MemoryRead(PC);
protected void SwallowPop() => MemoryRead(S, 1);
protected void SwallowFetch() => FetchByte();
#endregion
#region Core instruction dispatching
public override void Execute()
{
MaybeExecute();
}
protected virtual bool MaybeExecute()
{
var cycles = Cycles;
switch (OpCode)
{
case 0x00: SwallowFetch(); Interrupt(IRQvector, InterruptSource.software); break; // BRK (implied)
case 0x01: IndexedIndirectXRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (indexed indirect X)
case 0x05: ZeroPageRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (zero page)
case 0x06: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(ASL()); break; // ASL (zero page)
case 0x08: SwallowRead(); PHP(); break; // PHP (implied)
case 0x09: ImmediateRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (immediate)
case 0x0a: SwallowRead(); A = ASL(A); break; // ASL A (implied)
case 0x0d: AbsoluteRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (absolute)
case 0x0e: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(ASL()); break; // ASL (absolute)
case 0x10: BranchNot(Negative); break; // BPL (relative)
case 0x11: IndirectIndexedYRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (indirect indexed Y)
case 0x15: ZeroPageXRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (zero page, X)
case 0x16: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(ASL()); break; // ASL (zero page, X)
case 0x18: SwallowRead(); ResetFlag(StatusBits.CF); break; // CLC (implied)
case 0x19: AbsoluteYRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (absolute, Y)
case 0x1d: AbsoluteXRead(); OrR(); break; // ORA (absolute, X)
case 0x1e: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(ASL()); break; // ASL (absolute, X)
case 0x20: JSR(); break; // JSR (absolute)
case 0x21: IndexedIndirectXRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (indexed indirect X)
case 0x24: ZeroPageRead(); BIT(); break; // BIT (zero page)
case 0x25: ZeroPageRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (zero page)
case 0x26: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(ROL()); break; // ROL (zero page)
case 0x28: SwallowRead(); PLP(); break; // PLP (implied)
case 0x29: ImmediateRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (immediate)
case 0x2a: SwallowRead(); A = ROL(A); break; // ROL A (implied)
case 0x2c: AbsoluteRead(); BIT(); break; // BIT (absolute)
case 0x2d: AbsoluteRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (absolute)
case 0x2e: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(ROL()); break; // ROL (absolute)
case 0x30: Branch(Negative); break; // BMI (relative)
case 0x31: IndirectIndexedYRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (indirect indexed Y)
case 0x35: ZeroPageXRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (zero page, X)
case 0x36: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(ROL()); break; // ROL (zero page, X)
case 0x38: SwallowRead(); SetFlag(StatusBits.CF); break; // SEC (implied)
case 0x39: AbsoluteYRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (absolute, Y)
case 0x3d: AbsoluteXRead(); AndR(); break; // AND (absolute, X)
case 0x3e: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(ROL()); break; // ROL (absolute, X)
case 0x40: SwallowRead(); RTI(); break; // RTI (implied)
case 0x41: IndexedIndirectXRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (indexed indirect X)
case 0x44: ZeroPageRead(); break; // *NOP (zero page)
case 0x45: ZeroPageRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (zero page)
case 0x46: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(LSR()); break; // LSR (zero page)
case 0x48: SwallowRead(); Push(A); break; // PHA (implied)
case 0x49: ImmediateRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (immediate)
case 0x4a: SwallowRead(); A = LSR(A); break; // LSR A (implied)
case 0x4c: AbsoluteAddress(); Jump(Bus.Address); break; // JMP (absolute)
case 0x4d: AbsoluteRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (absolute)
case 0x4e: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(LSR()); break; // LSR (absolute)
case 0x50: BranchNot(Overflow); break; // BVC (relative)
case 0x51: IndirectIndexedYRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (indirect indexed Y)
case 0x54: ZeroPageXRead(); break; // *NOP (zero page, X)
case 0x55: ZeroPageXRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (zero page, X)
case 0x56: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(LSR()); break; // LSR (zero page, X)
case 0x58: SwallowRead(); ResetFlag(StatusBits.IF); break; // CLI (implied)
case 0x59: AbsoluteYRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (absolute, Y)
case 0x5d: AbsoluteXRead(); EorR(); break; // EOR (absolute, X)
case 0x5e: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(LSR()); break; // LSR (absolute, X)
case 0x60: SwallowRead(); Return(); break; // RTS (implied)
case 0x61: IndexedIndirectXRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (indexed indirect X)
case 0x65: ZeroPageRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (zero page)
case 0x66: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(ROR()); break; // ROR (zero page)
case 0x68: SwallowRead(); SwallowPop(); A = Through(Pop()); break; // PLA (implied)
case 0x69: ImmediateRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (immediate)
case 0x6a: SwallowRead(); A = ROR(A); break; // ROR A (implied)
case 0x6c: IndirectAddress(); Jump(Bus.Address); break; // JMP (indirect)
case 0x6d: AbsoluteRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (absolute)
case 0x6e: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(ROR()); break; // ROR (absolute)
case 0x70: Branch(Overflow); break; // BVS (relative)
case 0x71: IndirectIndexedYRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (indirect indexed Y)
case 0x75: ZeroPageXRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (zero page, X)
case 0x76: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(ROR()); break; // ROR (zero page, X)
case 0x78: SwallowRead(); SetFlag(StatusBits.IF); break; // SEI (implied)
case 0x79: AbsoluteYRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (absolute, Y)
case 0x7d: AbsoluteXRead(); ADC(); break; // ADC (absolute, X)
case 0x7e: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(ROR()); break; // ROR (absolute, X)
case 0x81: IndexedIndirectXAddress(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (indexed indirect X)
case 0x82: ImmediateRead(); break; // *NOP (immediate)
case 0x84: ZeroPageAddress(); MemoryWrite(Y); break; // STY (zero page)
case 0x85: ZeroPageAddress(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (zero page)
case 0x86: ZeroPageAddress(); MemoryWrite(X); break; // STX (zero page)
case 0x88: SwallowRead(); Y = DEC(Y); break; // DEY (implied)
case 0x8a: SwallowRead(); A = Through(X); break; // TXA (implied)
case 0x8c: AbsoluteAddress(); MemoryWrite(Y); break; // STY (absolute)
case 0x8d: AbsoluteAddress(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (absolute)
case 0x8e: AbsoluteAddress(); MemoryWrite(X); break; // STX (absolute)
case 0x90: BranchNot(Carry); break; // BCC (relative)
case 0x91: IndirectIndexedYAddress(); Fixup(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (indirect indexed Y)
case 0x94: ZeroPageXAddress(); MemoryWrite(Y); break; // STY (zero page, X)
case 0x95: ZeroPageXAddress(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (zero page, X)
case 0x96: ZeroPageYAddress(); MemoryWrite(X); break; // STX (zero page, Y)
case 0x98: SwallowRead(); A = Through(Y); break; // TYA (implied)
case 0x99: AbsoluteYAddress(); Fixup(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (absolute, Y)
case 0x9a: SwallowRead(); S = X; break; // TXS (implied)
case 0x9d: AbsoluteXAddress(); Fixup(); MemoryWrite(A); break; // STA (absolute, X)
case 0xa0: ImmediateRead(); Y = Through(); break; // LDY (immediate)
case 0xa1: IndexedIndirectXRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (indexed indirect X)
case 0xa2: ImmediateRead(); X = Through(); break; // LDX (immediate)
case 0xa4: ZeroPageRead(); Y = Through(); break; // LDY (zero page)
case 0xa5: ZeroPageRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (zero page)
case 0xa6: ZeroPageRead(); X = Through(); break; // LDX (zero page)
case 0xa8: SwallowRead(); Y = Through(A); break; // TAY (implied)
case 0xa9: ImmediateRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (immediate)
case 0xaa: SwallowRead(); X = Through(A); break; // TAX (implied)
case 0xac: AbsoluteRead(); Y = Through(); break; // LDY (absolute)
case 0xad: AbsoluteRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (absolute)
case 0xae: AbsoluteRead(); X = Through(); break; // LDX (absolute)
case 0xb0: Branch(Carry); break; // BCS (relative)
case 0xb1: IndirectIndexedYRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (indirect indexed Y)
case 0xb4: ZeroPageXRead(); Y = Through(); break; // LDY (zero page, X)
case 0xb5: ZeroPageXRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (zero page, X)
case 0xb6: ZeroPageYRead(); X = Through(); break; // LDX (zero page, Y)
case 0xb8: SwallowRead(); ResetFlag(StatusBits.VF); break; // CLV (implied)
case 0xb9: AbsoluteYRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (absolute, Y)
case 0xba: SwallowRead(); X = Through(S); break; // TSX (implied)
case 0xbc: AbsoluteXRead(); Y = Through(); break; // LDY (absolute, X)
case 0xbd: AbsoluteXRead(); A = Through(); break; // LDA (absolute, X)
case 0xbe: AbsoluteYRead(); X = Through(); break; // LDX (absolute, Y)
case 0xc0: ImmediateRead(); CMP(Y); break; // CPY (immediate)
case 0xc1: IndexedIndirectXRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (indexed indirect X)
case 0xc2: ImmediateRead(); break; // *NOP (immediate)
case 0xc4: ZeroPageRead(); CMP(Y); break; // CPY (zero page)
case 0xc5: ZeroPageRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (zero page)
case 0xc6: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(DEC()); break; // DEC (zero page)
case 0xc8: SwallowRead(); Y = INC(Y); break; // INY (implied)
case 0xc9: ImmediateRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (immediate)
case 0xca: SwallowRead(); X = DEC(X); break; // DEX (implied)
case 0xcc: AbsoluteRead(); CMP(Y); break; // CPY (absolute)
case 0xcd: AbsoluteRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (absolute)
case 0xce: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(DEC()); break; // DEC (absolute)
case 0xd0: BranchNot(Zero); break; // BNE (relative)
case 0xd1: IndirectIndexedYRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (indirect indexed Y)
case 0xd4: ZeroPageXRead(); break; // *NOP (zero page, X)
case 0xd5: ZeroPageXRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (zero page, X)
case 0xd6: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(DEC()); break; // DEC (zero page, X)
case 0xd8: SwallowRead(); ResetFlag(StatusBits.DF); break; // CLD (implied)
case 0xd9: AbsoluteYRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (absolute, Y)
case 0xdd: AbsoluteXRead(); CMP(A); break; // CMP (absolute, X)
case 0xde: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(DEC()); break; // DEC (absolute, X)
case 0xe0: ImmediateRead(); CMP(X); break; // CPX (immediate)
case 0xe1: IndexedIndirectXRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (indexed indirect X)
case 0xe2: ImmediateRead(); break; // *NOP (immediate)
case 0xe4: ZeroPageRead(); CMP(X); break; // CPX (zero page)
case 0xe5: ZeroPageRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (zero page)
case 0xe6: ZeroPageRead(); ModifyWrite(INC()); break; // INC (zero page)
case 0xe8: SwallowRead(); X = INC(X); break; // INX (implied)
case 0xe9: ImmediateRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (immediate)
case 0xea: SwallowRead(); break; // NOP (implied)
case 0xec: AbsoluteRead(); CMP(X); break; // CPX (absolute)
case 0xed: AbsoluteRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (absolute)
case 0xee: AbsoluteRead(); ModifyWrite(INC()); break; // INC (absolute)
case 0xf0: Branch(Zero); break; // BEQ (relative)
case 0xf1: IndirectIndexedYRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (indirect indexed Y)
case 0xf4: ZeroPageXRead(); break; // *NOP (zero page, X)
case 0xf5: ZeroPageXRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (zero page, X)
case 0xf6: ZeroPageXRead(); ModifyWrite(INC()); break; // INC (zero page, X)
case 0xf8: SwallowRead(); SetFlag(StatusBits.DF); break; // SED (implied)
case 0xf9: AbsoluteYRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (absolute, Y)
case 0xfd: AbsoluteXRead(); SBC(); break; // SBC (absolute, X)
case 0xfe: AbsoluteXAddress(); FixupRead(); ModifyWrite(INC()); break; // INC (absolute, X)
}
return cycles != Cycles;
}
public override void PoweredStep()
{
Tick();
if (SO.Lowered())
{
HandleSO();
}
if (RDY.Raised())
{
FetchInstruction();
if (RESET.Lowered())
{
HandleRESET();
}
else if (NMI.Lowered())
{
HandleNMI();
}
else if (INT.Lowered() && InterruptMasked == 0)
{
HandleINT();
}
else
{
Execute();
}
}
}
private void FetchInstruction()
{
// Instruction fetch beginning
LowerSYNC();
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(Cycles == 1, "An extra cycle has occurred");
// Can't use fetchByte, since that would add an extra tick.
ImmediateAddress();
OpCode = ReadFromBus();
System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(Cycles == 1, "BUS read has introduced stray cycles");
// Instruction fetch has now completed
RaiseSYNC();
}
#endregion
#region Bus/Memory access
protected override sealed void BusWrite()
{
Tick();
WriteToBus();
}
protected override sealed byte BusRead()
{
Tick();
return ReadFromBus();
}
private byte ReadFromBus()
{
RaiseRW();
return base.BusRead();
}
private void WriteToBus()
{
LowerRW();
base.BusWrite();
}
protected abstract void ModifyWrite(byte data);
#endregion
#region Stack access
protected override byte Pop()
{
RaiseStack();
return MemoryRead();
}
protected override void Push(byte value)
{
LowerStack();
MemoryWrite(value);
}
private void UpdateStack(byte position)
{
Bus.Address.Assign(position, 1);
}
private void LowerStack() => UpdateStack(S--);
private void RaiseStack() => UpdateStack(++S);
private void DummyPush()
{
LowerStack();
Tick(); // In place of the memory write
}
#endregion
#region Addressing modes
#region Address page fixup
private byte fixedPage;
private byte unfixedPage;
public byte FixedPage
{
get => fixedPage;
protected set => fixedPage = value;
}
public byte UnfixedPage
{
get => unfixedPage;
protected set => unfixedPage = value;
}
public bool Fixed => FixedPage != UnfixedPage;
protected void MaybeFixup()
{
if (Bus.Address.High != FixedPage)
{
Fixup();
}
}
protected abstract void Fixup();
protected void MaybeFixupRead()
{
MaybeFixup();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void FixupRead()
{
Fixup();
MemoryRead();
}
#endregion
#region Address resolution
protected void NoteFixedAddress(int address)
{
NoteFixedAddress((ushort)address);
}
protected void NoteFixedAddress(ushort address)
{
UnfixedPage = Bus.Address.High;
Intermediate.Word = address;
FixedPage = Intermediate.High;
Bus.Address.Low = Intermediate.Low;
}
protected void GetAddressPaged()
{
GetWordPaged();
Bus.Address.Assign(Intermediate);
}
protected void ImmediateAddress()
{
Bus.Address.Assign(PC);
++PC.Word;
}
protected void AbsoluteAddress() => FetchWordAddress();
protected void ZeroPageAddress()
{
Bus.Address.Assign(FetchByte(), 0);
}
protected void ZeroPageIndirectAddress()
{
ZeroPageAddress();
GetAddressPaged();
}
protected abstract void IndirectAddress();
protected void ZeroPageWithIndexAddress(byte index)
{
ZeroPageRead();
Bus.Address.Low += index;
}
protected void ZeroPageXAddress() => ZeroPageWithIndexAddress(X);
protected void ZeroPageYAddress() => ZeroPageWithIndexAddress(Y);
private void AbsoluteWithIndexAddress(byte index)
{
AbsoluteAddress();
NoteFixedAddress(Bus.Address.Word + index);
}
protected void AbsoluteXAddress() => AbsoluteWithIndexAddress(X);
protected void AbsoluteYAddress() => AbsoluteWithIndexAddress(Y);
protected void IndexedIndirectXAddress()
{
ZeroPageXAddress();
GetAddressPaged();
}
protected void IndirectIndexedYAddress()
{
ZeroPageIndirectAddress();
NoteFixedAddress(Bus.Address.Word + Y);
}
#endregion
#region Address and read
protected void ImmediateRead()
{
ImmediateAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void AbsoluteRead()
{
AbsoluteAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void ZeroPageRead()
{
ZeroPageAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void ZeroPageXRead()
{
ZeroPageXAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void ZeroPageYRead()
{
ZeroPageYAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void IndexedIndirectXRead()
{
IndexedIndirectXAddress();
MemoryRead();
}
protected void AbsoluteXRead()
{
AbsoluteXAddress();
MaybeFixupRead();
}
protected void AbsoluteYRead()
{
AbsoluteYAddress();
MaybeFixupRead();
}
protected void IndirectIndexedYRead()
{
IndirectIndexedYAddress();
MaybeFixupRead();
}
#endregion
#endregion
#region Branching
protected void BranchNot(int condition) => Branch(condition == 0);
protected void Branch(int condition) => Branch(condition != 0);
protected void Branch(bool condition)
{
ImmediateRead();
if (condition)
{
var relative = (sbyte)Bus.Data;
SwallowRead();
FixupBranch(relative);
Jump(Bus.Address);
}
}
protected abstract void FixupBranch(sbyte relative);
#endregion
#region Data flag adjustment
protected void AdjustZero(byte datum) => ResetFlag(StatusBits.ZF, datum);
protected void AdjustNegative(byte datum) => SetFlag(StatusBits.NF, NegativeTest(datum));
protected void AdjustNZ(byte datum)
{
AdjustZero(datum);
AdjustNegative(datum);
}
protected byte Through() => Through(Bus.Data);
protected byte Through(int data) => Through((byte)data);
protected byte Through(byte data)
{
AdjustNZ(data);
return data;
}
#endregion
#region Instruction implementations
#region Instructions with BCD effects
#region Addition/subtraction
#region Subtraction
protected void AdjustOverflowSubtract(byte operand)
{
var data = Bus.Data;
var intermediate = Intermediate.Low;
SetFlag(StatusBits.VF, NegativeTest((byte)((operand ^ data) & (operand ^ intermediate))));
}
protected void SBC()
{
var operand = A;
A = SUB(operand, CarryTest((byte)~P));
AdjustOverflowSubtract(operand);
AdjustNZ(Intermediate.Low);
ResetFlag(StatusBits.CF, Intermediate.High);
}
private byte SUB(byte operand, int borrow) => DecimalMasked != 0 ? DecimalSUB(operand, borrow) : BinarySUB(operand, borrow);
protected byte BinarySUB(byte operand, int borrow = 0)
{
var data = Bus.Data;
Intermediate.Word = (ushort)(operand - data - borrow);
return Intermediate.Low;
}
private byte DecimalSUB(byte operand, int borrow)
{
_ = BinarySUB(operand, borrow);
var data = Bus.Data;
var low = (byte)(LowNibble(operand) - LowNibble(data) - borrow);
var lowNegative = NegativeTest(low);
if (lowNegative != 0)
{
low -= 6;
}
var high = (byte)(HighNibble(operand) - HighNibble(data) - (lowNegative >> 7));
var highNegative = NegativeTest(high);
if (highNegative != 0)
{
high -= 6;
}
return (byte)(PromoteNibble(high) | LowNibble(low));
}
#endregion
#region Addition
protected void AdjustOverflowAdd(byte operand)
{
var data = Bus.Data;
var intermediate = Intermediate.Low;
SetFlag(StatusBits.VF, NegativeTest((byte)(~(operand ^ data) & (operand ^ intermediate))));
}
protected void ADC()
{
A = DecimalMasked != 0 ? DecimalADC() : BinaryADC();
}
private byte BinaryADC()
{
var operand = A;
var data = Bus.Data;
Intermediate.Word = (ushort)(operand + data + Carry);
AdjustOverflowAdd(operand);
SetFlag(StatusBits.CF, CarryTest(Intermediate.High));
AdjustNZ(Intermediate.Low);
return Intermediate.Low;
}
private byte DecimalADC()
{
var operand = A;
var data = Bus.Data;
var low = (ushort)(LowerNibble(operand) + LowerNibble(data) + Carry);
Intermediate.Word = (ushort)(HigherNibble(operand) + HigherNibble(data));
AdjustZero(LowByte((ushort)(low + Intermediate.Word)));
if (low > 0x09)
{
Intermediate.Word += 0x10;
low += 0x06;
}
AdjustNegative(Intermediate.Low);
AdjustOverflowAdd(operand);
if (Intermediate.Word > 0x90)
Intermediate.Word += 0x60;
SetFlag(StatusBits.CF, Intermediate.High);
return (byte)(LowerNibble(LowByte(low)) | HigherNibble(Intermediate.Low));
}
#endregion
#endregion
#endregion
#region Bitwise operations
protected void OrR() => A = Through(A | Bus.Data);
protected void AndR() => A = Through(A & Bus.Data);
protected void EorR() => A = Through(A ^ Bus.Data);
protected void BIT()
{
var data = Bus.Data;
SetFlag(StatusBits.VF, OverflowTest(data));
AdjustZero((byte)(A & data));
AdjustNegative(data);
}
#endregion
protected void CMP(byte first)
{
var second = Bus.Data;
Intermediate.Word = (ushort)(first - second);
AdjustNZ(Intermediate.Low);
ResetFlag(StatusBits.CF, Intermediate.High);
}
#region Increment/decrement
protected byte DEC() => DEC(Bus.Data);
protected byte DEC(byte value) => Through(value - 1);
protected byte INC() => INC(Bus.Data);
protected byte INC(byte value) => Through(value + 1);
#endregion
#region Stack operations
private void JSR()
{
Intermediate.Low = FetchByte();
SwallowPop();
PushWord(PC);
PC.High = FetchByte();
PC.Low = Intermediate.Low;
}
private void PHP() => Push(SetBit(P, StatusBits.BF));
private void PLP()
{
SwallowPop();
P = ClearBit(SetBit(Pop(), StatusBits.RF), StatusBits.BF);
}
private void RTI()
{
PLP();
base.Return();
}
protected override void Return()
{
SwallowPop();
base.Return();
SwallowFetch();
}
#endregion
#region Shift/rotate operations
#region Shift
protected byte ASL() => ASL(Bus.Data);
protected byte ASL(byte value)
{
SetFlag(StatusBits.CF, NegativeTest(value));
return Through(value << 1);
}
protected byte LSR() => LSR(Bus.Data);
protected byte LSR(byte value)
{
SetFlag(StatusBits.CF, CarryTest(value));
return Through(value >> 1);
}
#endregion
#region Rotate
protected byte ROL() => ROL(Bus.Data);
protected byte ROL(byte value)
{
var carryIn = Carry;
return Through(ASL(value) | carryIn);
}
protected byte ROR() => ROR(Bus.Data);
protected byte ROR(byte value)
{
var carryIn = Carry;
return Through(LSR(value) | carryIn << 7);
}
#endregion
#endregion
#endregion
}
}