mirror of https://github.com/uffejakobsen/acme.git
201 lines
8.4 KiB
Plaintext
201 lines
8.4 KiB
Plaintext
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ACME
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...the ACME Crossassembler for Multiple Environments
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--- upgrading from earlier versions ---
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If you haven't used ACME before, you don't need to read this text.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.97
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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a) Single quotes vs. double quotes:
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Since "anything in double quotes" is now considered to be a string,
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problems can arise when trying to do a calculation with a character
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code. Here are some examples:
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lda #' ' ; loads 32 like before (ASCII code of space)
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lda #' ' + 1 ; loads 33 like before (32 plus one)
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lda #" " ; loads 32 like before (ASCII code of space)
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lda #" " + 1 ; used to load 33, now fails with error!
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The third example still works, because 1-char-strings are treated
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just like single characters when returned by the expression parser as
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an argument for a mnemonic.
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However, the fourth example now fails because the expression parser
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tries to add a string to an integer, which is an undefined operation.
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Some examples for a related problem:
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a = ' ' ; a is 32 (ASCII code of space)
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b = ' ' + 1 ; b is 33 (32 plus one)
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c = "!" ; c used to be 33, now it's a 1-char string
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d = "!" + "!" ; d used to be 66, now it's a 2-char string
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If you do not get any errors when compiling your old sources, you do
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not need to worry about this problem.
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If you _do_ get errors, just use single quotes instead of double
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quotes. If you had to use double quotes because the quoted character
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itself is a single quote, write '\'' instead (backslash escaping, see
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below).
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b) Backslash escaping:
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Backslashes in single or double quotes are now used as escape
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characters. You need to replace any backslash in older sources with a
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sequence of two backslashes, so "some\string" becomes "some\\string",
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and a single character '\' becomes '\\'.
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If you have used backslashes as directory separators in path names (in
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Windows/DOS environments), these also need changing - but instead of
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using a double backslash, just use a single forward slash ('/')
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instead. This has the added benefit of making the sources platform-
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independent (*and* it's compatible to older ACME releases as well).
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c) Character values are now unsigned:
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When parsing a character in single quotes, ACME returns its character
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code, according to the chosen encoding (raw/petscii/screencode). If
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this resulted in a byte with its most significant bit set, the actual
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number was architecture-dependent. Here's an example:
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!ct pet ; choose PetSCII encoding
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x = 'A' ; PetSCII 'A' is 0xc1, so MSB is set
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Now x was either -63 or +193, depending on the host cpu architecture.
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Since release 0.97, this example will give 193 on all architectures.
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In most cases, this is not a problem, because the actual bit pattern
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of the lower eight bits is the same. But if you have written any code
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where the numerical value of a PetSCII character is used for
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computations _in_the_source_code_, please check those computations.
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Use the "--dialect 0.94.12" CLI switch to get the old behavior
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concerning a) double quotes and b) backslashes. There is no way to get
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the old behavior concerning c) character values, because, as explained
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above, the old behavior was architecture-dependent, which is a bad
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idea(tm).
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.95.2
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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In 6510 mode, ACME now outputs 0x0b instead of 0x2b when assembling
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the undocumented ("illegal") ANC #imm8 instruction. Both opcodes do
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the same thing, this was only changed because all other mnemonics use
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the lowest-numbered possible opcode as well.
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Forcing the old behavior via the "--dialect" switch is not supported.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.94.12
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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The pseudo opcode "!for" has a new syntax. The old syntax still works,
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but gives a warning.
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You can use the "--dialect 0.94.8" CLI switch to get the old behavior.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.94.8
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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The pseudo opcodes "!cbm", "!subzone" and "!realpc" no longer give
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warnings, but have now been disabled.
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You can use the "--dialect 0.94.6" CLI switch to get the old behavior.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.94.6
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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The "to-the-power-of" operator ('^') is now right-associative, so
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b^c^d will now give b^(c^d) instead of (b^c)^d
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If you have never used the operator in this way, you don't need to
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worry about it.
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You can use the "--dialect 0.86" CLI switch to get the old behavior.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.89
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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The "logical shift right" operator has been changed. Note: This is
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about ACME's expression parser and has nothing to do with the 6502
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mnemonic called "LSR".
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Older versions were supposed to work like this:
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a = b >> c ; alias "LSR", do a logical shift right
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But what they actually did depended on the compiler that was used to
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create the ACME binary: many binaries did an "arithmetic shift right"
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instead. This has now been fixed and changed to:
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a = b >> c ; alias "ASR", do an arithmetic shift right
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a = b >>> c ; alias "LSR", do a logical shift right
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If you have never applied the old ">>"/"LSR" operator to a negative
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value, you do not need to worry about this. If you have, please check
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what you expected to happen in those instances (arithmetic or logical
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shift) and update your source codes accordingly (use either ">>"/"ASR"
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or ">>>"/"LSR").
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Forcing the old behavior via the "--dialect" switch is not possible,
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because as explained above, the old behavior was compiler-dependent
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anyway.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.07
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Re-defining the program counter via "* = NEW_VALUE" no longer starts
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offset assembly. Instead, ACME will change its pointer into the output
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buffer to the given value, so you can write your code in distinct
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segments. These segments can be given in any order. After assembly,
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ACME stores everything from the lowest address used to the highest
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address used. Have a look at "AllPOs.txt" for an example on how to use
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this facility.
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Offset assembly is now done using a new pseudo opcode called
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"!pseudopc". Have a look at "AllPOs.txt" for further information on
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its syntax and usage.
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The pseudo opcode "!end" has been removed. Use "!eof" instead.
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The mnemonic BIT can no longer be assembled without any argument. If
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you want to insert the opcode only to mask the next instruction, use
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!src <6502/std.a>
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to get the definitions for these two macros:
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+bit8 ; output $24 to mask following 1-byte instruction
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+bit16 ; output $2c to mask following 2-byte instruction
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When using the 65816 cpu, ACME now uses the correct argument order for
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the MVN and MVP mnemonics, which is:
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mnemonic source_bank, destination_bank
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Using leading zeroes in hexadecimal or binary values makes ACME use
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bigger addressing modes than needed. This has now been extended to
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symbols as well:
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label2 = $00fa
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lda label2
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will be assembled to:
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ad fa 00 lda $00fa
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Forcing the old behavior via the "--dialect" switch is not supported.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.04 beta
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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The pseudo opcode "!module" has been removed. Use "!zone" instead.
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Forcing the old behavior via the "--dialect" switch is not supported.
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Upgrading from earlier releases to ACME release 0.03 beta
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
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It is no longer possible to have more than one label in a single line.
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Forcing the old behavior via the "--dialect" switch is not supported.
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