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cc65/libsrc/cbm510/crt0.s
uz 8216bf1d6a Force an import of the special symbol __STARTUP__ in the C compiler when
main() is encountered. Define this symbol in the startup code. This will
automatically force linking of the startup code which can then reside inside
the standard library as any other object file.


git-svn-id: svn://svn.cc65.org/cc65/trunk@3988 b7a2c559-68d2-44c3-8de9-860c34a00d81
2009-07-31 12:05:42 +00:00

585 lines
14 KiB
ArmAsm

;
; Startup code for cc65 (CBM 500 version)
;
.export _exit
.export __STARTUP__ : absolute = 1 ; Mark as startup
.import _clrscr, initlib, donelib, callirq_y
.import push0, callmain
.import __CHARRAM_START__, __CHARRAM_SIZE__, __VIDRAM_START__
.import __BSS_RUN__, __BSS_SIZE__, __EXTZP_RUN__
.import __INTERRUPTOR_COUNT__
.import scnkey, UDTIM
.include "zeropage.inc"
.include "extzp.inc"
.include "cbm510.inc"
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
; BASIC header and a small BASIC program. Since it is not possible to start
; programs in other banks using SYS, the BASIC program will write a small
; machine code program into memory at $100 and start that machine code
; program. The machine code program will then start the machine language
; code in bank 0, which will initialize the system by copying stuff from
; the system bank, and start the application.
;
; Here's the basic program that's in the following lines:
;
; 10 for i=0 to 4
; 20 read j
; 30 poke 256+i,j
; 40 next i
; 50 sys 256
; 60 data 120,169,0,133,0
;
; The machine program in the data lines is:
;
; sei
; lda #$00
; sta $00 <-- Switch to bank 0 after this command
;
; Initialization is not only complex because of the jumping from one bank
; into another. but also because we want to save memory, and because of
; this, we will use the system memory ($00-$3FF) for initialization stuff
; that is overwritten later.
;
.segment "BASICHDR"
.byte $03,$00,$11,$00,$0a,$00,$81,$20,$49,$b2,$30,$20,$a4,$20,$34,$00
.byte $19,$00,$14,$00,$87,$20,$4a,$00,$27,$00,$1e,$00,$97,$20,$32,$35
.byte $36,$aa,$49,$2c,$4a,$00,$2f,$00,$28,$00,$82,$20,$49,$00,$39,$00
.byte $32,$00,$9e,$20,$32,$35,$36,$00,$4f,$00,$3c,$00,$83,$20,$31,$32
.byte $30,$2c,$31,$36,$39,$2c,$30,$2c,$31,$33,$33,$2c,$30,$00,$00,$00
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; A table that contains values that must be transfered from the system zero
; page into out zero page. Contains pairs of bytes, first one is the address
; in the system ZP, second one is our ZP address. The table goes into page 2,
; but is declared here, because it is needed earlier.
.SEGMENT "PAGE2"
.proc transfer_table
.byte $CA, CURS_Y
.byte $CB, CURS_X
.byte $EC, CHARCOLOR
.endproc
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Page 3 data. This page contains the break vector and the bankswitch
; subroutine that is copied into high memory on startup. The space occupied by
; this routine will later be used for a copy of the bank 15 stack. It must be
; saved, since we're going to destroy it when calling bank 15.
.segment "PAGE3"
BRKVec: .addr _exit ; BRK indirect vector
.proc callbank15
excrts = $FEFE
.org $FEC3
entry: php
pha
lda #$0F ; Bank 15
sta IndReg
txa
pha
tya
pha
sei
ldy #$FF
lda (sysp1),y
tay
lda ExecReg
sta (sysp1),y
dey
lda #.hibyte(excrts-1)
sta (sysp1),y
dey
lda #.lobyte(excrts-1)
sta (sysp1),y
tya
sec
sbc #7
sta $1FF ; Save new sp
tay
tsx
pla
iny
sta (sysp1),y
pla
iny
sta (sysp1),y
pla
iny
sta (sysp1),y
pla
iny
sta (sysp1),y
lda $105,x
sec
sbc #3
iny
sta (sysp1),y
lda $106,x
sbc #0
iny
sta (sysp1),y
ldy $1FF ; Restore sp in bank 15
lda #.hibyte(expull-1)
sta (sysp1),y
dey
lda #.lobyte(expull-1)
sta (sysp1),y
dey
pla
pla
tsx
stx $1FF
tya
tax
txs
lda IndReg
jmp $FFF6
expull: pla
tay
pla
tax
pla
plp
rts
.if (expull <> $FF26)
.error "Symbol expull must be aligned with kernal in bank 15"
.endif
.reloc
.endproc
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; The code in the target bank when switching back will be put at the bottom
; of the stack. We will jump here to switch segments. The range $F2..$FF is
; not used by any kernal routine.
.segment "STARTUP"
Back: sta ExecReg
; We are at $100 now. The following snippet is a copy of the code that is poked
; in the system bank memory by the basic header program, it's only for
; documentation and not actually used here:
sei
lda #$00
sta ExecReg
; This is the actual starting point of our code after switching banks for
; startup. Beware: The following code will get overwritten as soon as we
; use the stack (since it's in page 1)! We jump to another location, since
; we need some space for subroutines that aren't used later.
jmp Origin
; Hardware vectors, copied to $FFFA
.proc vectors
sta ExecReg
rts
nop
.word nmi ; NMI vector
.word 0 ; Reset - not used
.word irq ; IRQ vector
.endproc
; Initializers for the extended zeropage. See extzp.s
.proc extzp
.word $0100 ; sysp1
.word $0300 ; sysp3
.word $d800 ; vic
.word $da00 ; sid
.word $db00 ; cia1
.word $dc00 ; cia2
.word $dd00 ; acia
.word $de00 ; tpi1
.word $df00 ; tpi2
.word $eab1 ; ktab1
.word $eb11 ; ktab2
.word $eb71 ; ktab3
.word $ebd1 ; ktab4
.endproc
; Switch the indirect segment to the system bank
Origin: lda #$0F
sta IndReg
; Initialize the extended zeropage
ldx #.sizeof(extzp)-1
L1: lda extzp,x
sta <__EXTZP_RUN__,x
dex
bpl L1
; Save the old stack pointer from the system bank and setup our hw sp
tsx
txa
ldy #$FF
sta (sysp1),y ; Save system stack point into $F:$1FF
ldx #$FE ; Leave $1FF untouched for cross bank calls
txs ; Set up our own stack
; Copy stuff from the system zeropage to ours
lda #.sizeof(transfer_table)
sta ktmp
L2: ldx ktmp
ldy transfer_table-2,x
lda transfer_table-1,x
tax
lda (sysp0),y
sta $00,x
dec ktmp
dec ktmp
bne L2
; Set the interrupt, NMI and other vectors
ldx #.sizeof(vectors)-1
L3: lda vectors,x
sta $10000 - .sizeof(vectors),x
dex
bpl L3
; Setup the C stack
lda #.lobyte(callbank15::entry)
sta sp
lda #.hibyte(callbank15::entry)
sta sp+1
; Setup the subroutine and jump vector table that redirects kernal calls to
; the system bank.
ldy #.sizeof(callbank15)
@L1: lda callbank15-1,y
sta callbank15::entry-1,y
dey
bne @L1
; Setup the jump vector table. Y is zero on entry.
ldx #45-1 ; Number of vectors
@L2: lda #$20 ; JSR opcode
sta $FF6F,y
iny
lda #.lobyte(callbank15::entry)
sta $FF6F,y
iny
lda #.hibyte(callbank15::entry)
sta $FF6F,y
iny
dex
bpl @L2
; Set the indirect segment to bank we're executing in
lda ExecReg
sta IndReg
; Zero the BSS segment. We will do that here instead calling the routine
; in the common library, since we have the memory anyway, and this way,
; it's reused later.
lda #<__BSS_RUN__
sta ptr1
lda #>__BSS_RUN__
sta ptr1+1
lda #0
tay
; Clear full pages
ldx #>__BSS_SIZE__
beq Z2
Z1: sta (ptr1),y
iny
bne Z1
inc ptr1+1 ; Next page
dex
bne Z1
; Clear the remaining page
Z2: ldx #<__BSS_SIZE__
beq Z4
Z3: sta (ptr1),y
iny
dex
bne Z3
Z4: jmp Init
; ------------------------------------------------------------------------
; We are at $200 now. We may now start calling subroutines safely, since
; the code we execute is no longer in the stack page.
.segment "PAGE2"
; Copy the character rom from the system bank into the execution bank
Init: lda #<$C000
sta ptr1
lda #>$C000
sta ptr1+1
lda #<__CHARRAM_START__
sta ptr2
lda #>__CHARRAM_START__
sta ptr2+1
lda #>__CHARRAM_SIZE__ ; 16 * 256 bytes to copy
sta tmp1
ldy #$00
ccopy: lda #$0F
sta IndReg ; Access the system bank
ccopy1: lda (ptr1),y
sta __VIDRAM_START__,y
iny
bne ccopy1
lda ExecReg
sta IndReg
ccopy2: lda __VIDRAM_START__,y
sta (ptr2),y
iny
bne ccopy2
inc ptr1+1
inc ptr2+1 ; Bump high pointer bytes
dec tmp1
bne ccopy
; Clear the video memory. We will do this before switching the video to bank 0
; to avoid garbage when doing so.
jsr _clrscr
; Reprogram the VIC so that the text screen and the character ROM is in the
; execution bank. This is done in three steps:
lda #$0F ; We need access to the system bank
sta IndReg
; Place the VIC video RAM into bank 0
; CA (STATVID) = 0
; CB (VICDOTSEL) = 0
ldy #TPI::CR
lda (tpi1),y
sta vidsave+0
and #%00001111
ora #%10100000
sta (tpi1),y
; Set bit 14/15 of the VIC address range to the high bits of __VIDRAM_START__
; PC6/PC7 (VICBANKSEL 0/1) = 11
ldy #TPI::PRC
lda (tpi2),y
sta vidsave+1
and #$3F
ora #<((>__VIDRAM_START__) & $C0)
sta (tpi2),y
; Set the VIC base address register to the addresses of the video and
; character RAM.
ldy #VIC_VIDEO_ADR
lda (vic),y
sta vidsave+2
and #$01
ora #<(((__VIDRAM_START__ >> 6) & $F0) | ((__CHARRAM_START__ >> 10) & $0E) | $02)
; and #$0F
; ora #<(((>__VIDRAM_START__) << 2) & $F0)
sta (vic),y
; Switch back to the execution bank
lda ExecReg
sta IndReg
; Activate chained interrupt handlers, then enable interrupts.
lda #.lobyte(__INTERRUPTOR_COUNT__*2)
sta irqcount
cli
; Call module constructors.
jsr initlib
; Push arguments and call main()
jsr callmain
; Call module destructors. This is also the _exit entry and the default entry
; point for the break vector.
_exit: pha ; Save the return code on stack
jsr donelib ; Run module destructors
lda #$00
sta irqcount ; Disable custom irq handlers
; Address the system bank
lda #$0F
sta IndReg
; Switch back the video to the system bank
ldy #TPI::CR
lda vidsave+0
sta (tpi1),y
ldy #TPI::PRC
lda vidsave+1
sta (tpi2),y
ldy #VIC_VIDEO_ADR
lda vidsave+2
sta (vic),y
; Copy stuff back from our zeropage to the systems
.if 0
lda #.sizeof(transfer_table)
sta ktmp
@L0: ldx ktmp
ldy transfer_table-2,x
lda transfer_table-1,x
tax
lda $00,x
sta (sysp0),y
dec ktmp
dec ktmp
bne @L0
.endif
; Place the program return code into ST
pla
ldy #$9C ; ST
sta (sysp0),y
; Setup the welcome code at the stack bottom in the system bank.
ldy #$FF
lda (sysp1),y ; Load system bank sp
tax
iny ; Y = 0
lda #$58 ; CLI opcode
sta (sysp1),y
iny
lda #$60 ; RTS opcode
sta (sysp1),y
lda IndReg
sei
txs
jmp Back
; -------------------------------------------------------------------------
; The IRQ handler goes into PAGE2. For performance reasons, and to allow
; easier chaining, we do handle the IRQs in the execution bank (instead of
; passing them to the system bank).
; This is the mapping of the active irq register of the 6525 (tpi1):
;
; Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
; | | | | ^ 50 Hz
; | | | ^ SRQ IEEE 488
; | | ^ cia
; | ^ IRQB ext. Port
; ^ acia
irq: pha
txa
pha
tya
pha
lda IndReg
pha
lda ExecReg
sta IndReg ; Be sure to address our segment
tsx
lda $105,x ; Get the flags from the stack
and #$10 ; Test break flag
bne dobrk
; It's an IRQ
cld
; Call chained IRQ handlers
ldy irqcount
beq irqskip
jsr callirq_y ; Call the functions
; Done with chained IRQ handlers, check the TPI for IRQs and handle them
irqskip:lda #$0F
sta IndReg
ldy #TPI::AIR
lda (tpi1),y ; Interrupt Register 6525
beq noirq
; 50/60Hz interrupt
cmp #%00000001 ; ticker irq?
bne irqend
jsr scnkey ; Poll the keyboard
jsr UDTIM ; Bump the time
; Done
irqend: ldy #TPI::AIR
sta (tpi1),y ; Clear interrupt
noirq: pla
sta IndReg
pla
tay
pla
tax
pla
nmi: rti
dobrk: jmp (BRKVec)
; -------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Data area
.data
vidsave:.res 3
.bss
irqcount: .byte 0