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erc-c/include/apple2.dd.h
2018-02-04 00:26:01 -06:00

210 lines
7.4 KiB
C

#ifndef _APPLE2_DISK_DRIVE_H
#define _APPLE2_DISK_DRIVE_H
/*
* Forward declaration of apple2dd for some files (e.g. apple2.h) which
* want to know about us before we have actually defined the struct.
*/
struct apple2dd;
typedef struct apple2dd apple2dd;
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include "apple2.h"
#include "vm_bits.h"
#include "vm_segment.h"
/*
* Define the kind of image types that our disk media currently has. The
* image type is something which is given to us when the disk is
* "inserted", and it can't be changed during machine operation.
* Well--it could--but we don't have a good reason to do so.
*/
enum apple2_dd_type {
DD_NOTYPE,
DD_DOS33,
DD_PRODOS,
DD_NIBBLE,
};
/*
* These are the possible modes a drive can be in.
*/
enum apple2_dd_mode {
DD_READ,
DD_WRITE,
};
/*
* This is the length of a typical disk that is formatted in either DOS
* 3.3 or ProDOS. The NIB definition is the size of one such image when
* it is nibbilized with 6-and-2 encoding.
*/
#define _140K_ 143360
#define _140K_NIB_ 223440
/*
* And this is the length of a disk that has been formatted as a nibble
* file (*.NIB). This is not an Apple thing, exactly; it's more of an
* emulator thing, that emulators had used to try and get around copy
* protection in emulation. It does complicate disk drive operation!
*/
#define _240K_ 245760
#define MAX_DRIVE_STEPS 70
/*
* This is the last _accessible_ sector position within a track (you can
* have 0 - 4095).
*/
#define MAX_SECTOR_POS 4095
struct apple2dd {
/*
* Inside the disk drive there is a stepper motor, and it's
* controlled through four "phases", which are a bit hard to
* describe. Imagine four points on a wheel; suppose in order to
* to roll the wheel forward on the ground, you could only do so by
* controlling which point is facing the ground. A smooth rotation
* would always require you choose the point which is
* counter-clockwise from the ground at a 90º angle; and the point
* which was on the ground, is now clockwise from the ground, at
* 90º. Going backwards is similar, except you choose the point
* clockwise from the ground; and the point on the ground now goes
* counter-clockwise.
*
* To advance the motor, you need to turn on an adjacent phase; if
* phase 1 is on, turn on phase 2 and turn off phase 1; this allows
* you to go "forward"; and then turn on phase 3, and turn off phase
* 2; and you wrap around, so you turn on phase 0 and turn off phase
* 3. And vice versa for going "backward". In this field, then, we
* really care about only four bits; 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, and 0x8; and, in
* particular, we care about the adjacent relations of those high
* and low bits.
*
* It's really like if you unrolled the surface of the wheel and
* laid it out as a flat line, but still with those points defined.
* Does that make sense?
*/
vm_8bit phase_state;
vm_8bit last_phase;
/*
* Data is written via a "latch", and happens in two steps; one, you
* set the latch; two, you commit the write. By steps, I mean two
* separate instructions--not necessarily adjacent to each other,
* but in some sequence and in that order.
*/
vm_8bit latch;
/*
* Disk II drives allow the stepper to move in half-tracks, so we
* track (pun intended) the position of the head in those
* half-tracks rather than in full tracks.
*
* For example, if track_pos is 4, then the effective track is 2. If
* the track_pos is 9, then the effective track is 4, except that
* the head is on the half-track position.
*
* There are, at most, 35 tracks in a conventional disk, so there
* would be at most 70 track positions that we can iterate to.
*/
int track_pos;
/*
* This is a weirder one, because while DOS cares about sectors, we
* don't really. We just need to know how to find the right position
* to work with in the disk image.
*
* Each track has 16 sectors, and each sector has 256 bytes. We can
* then say that each track is 4k (4,096) bytes large. So while our
* track_pos can tell us which 4k chunk we're in, the sector_pos has
* to tell us where we are _within_ the track. Again -- we don't
* care about the sector number, really. So the sector_pos field is
* tracking the byte offset from the beginning of the track, such
* that 0 ≤ sector_pos < 4096.
*/
int sector_pos;
/*
* The data segment holds the literal data that the software running
* in an Apple II would expect to see when accessing the device,
* which is to say, data that is 6-and-2 encoded. The image segment
* holds the data we literally read from a disk image file, which
* (in most cases) is not 6-and-2 encoded. We also define an image
* type (see apple2_dd_type for enums).
*/
vm_segment *data;
vm_segment *image;
int image_type;
/*
* This is the means by which we can save the image data back to the
* origin stream, if possible.
*/
FILE *stream;
/*
* A disk drive may be "off" or "on", regardless of whether it's
* been selected by the peripheral interface.
*/
bool online;
/*
* This is one of DD_READ or DD_WRITE (defined in the enum above).
* The drive can only read or write at once, and the mode of
* operation must be made explicit through this mechanism.
*/
int mode;
/*
* Write protection is an attribute of the disk. Back in the day, a
* disk would have a small segment cut out of the disk on the side;
* this would make it writeable. A disk without that would be
* write-protected. You could take a writeable disk and make it
* write-protected simply by putting some solid-colored tape over
* the cut-out.
*
* For our purposes, write protection is a simply boolean attribute
* that you can enable or disable on the drive.
*/
bool write_protect;
/*
* This is not a technical part of the Disk II drive. When this
* field is true, we will not shift the head after a read or a
* write; when false, we will. This is mainly useful for code like
* the disassembler which just wants to look at data and not apply
* other side-effects.
*/
bool locked;
};
extern SEGMENT_READER(apple2_dd_switch_read);
extern SEGMENT_WRITER(apple2_dd_switch_write);
extern apple2dd *apple2_dd_create();
extern int apple2_dd_decode(apple2dd *);
extern int apple2_dd_encode(apple2dd *);
extern int apple2_dd_insert(apple2dd *, FILE *, int);
extern int apple2_dd_position(apple2dd *);
extern vm_8bit apple2_dd_read(apple2dd *);
extern vm_8bit apple2_dd_switch_rw(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_eject(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_free(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_map(vm_segment *);
extern void apple2_dd_phaser(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_save(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_set_mode(apple2dd *, int);
extern void apple2_dd_shift(apple2dd *, int);
extern void apple2_dd_step(apple2dd *, int);
extern void apple2_dd_switch_drive(apple2 *, size_t);
extern void apple2_dd_switch_latch(apple2dd *, vm_8bit);
extern void apple2_dd_switch_phase(apple2dd *, size_t);
extern void apple2_dd_turn_on(apple2dd *, bool);
extern void apple2_dd_write(apple2dd *);
extern void apple2_dd_write_protect(apple2dd *, bool);
#endif