[ShrinkWrap] Add (a simplified version) of shrink-wrapping.

This patch introduces a new pass that computes the safe point to insert the
prologue and epilogue of the function.
The interest is to find safe points that are cheaper than the entry and exits
blocks.

As an example and to avoid regressions to be introduce, this patch also
implements the required bits to enable the shrink-wrapping pass for AArch64.


** Context **

Currently we insert the prologue and epilogue of the method/function in the
entry and exits blocks. Although this is correct, we can do a better job when
those are not immediately required and insert them at less frequently executed
places.
The job of the shrink-wrapping pass is to identify such places.


** Motivating example **

Let us consider the following function that perform a call only in one branch of
a if:
define i32 @f(i32 %a, i32 %b)  {
 %tmp = alloca i32, align 4
 %tmp2 = icmp slt i32 %a, %b
 br i1 %tmp2, label %true, label %false

true:
 store i32 %a, i32* %tmp, align 4
 %tmp4 = call i32 @doSomething(i32 0, i32* %tmp)
 br label %false

false:
 %tmp.0 = phi i32 [ %tmp4, %true ], [ %a, %0 ]
 ret i32 %tmp.0
}

On AArch64 this code generates (removing the cfi directives to ease
readabilities):
_f:                                     ; @f
; BB#0:
  stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
  mov  x29, sp
  sub sp, sp, #16             ; =16
  cmp  w0, w1
  b.ge  LBB0_2
; BB#1:                                 ; %true
  stur  w0, [x29, #-4]
  sub x1, x29, #4             ; =4
  mov  w0, wzr
  bl  _doSomething
LBB0_2:                                 ; %false
  mov  sp, x29
  ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
  ret

With shrink-wrapping we could generate:
_f:                                     ; @f
; BB#0:
  cmp  w0, w1
  b.ge  LBB0_2
; BB#1:                                 ; %true
  stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
  mov  x29, sp
  sub sp, sp, #16             ; =16
  stur  w0, [x29, #-4]
  sub x1, x29, #4             ; =4
  mov  w0, wzr
  bl  _doSomething
  add sp, x29, #16            ; =16
  ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16
LBB0_2:                                 ; %false
  ret

Therefore, we would pay the overhead of setting up/destroying the frame only if
we actually do the call.


** Proposed Solution **

This patch introduces a new machine pass that perform the shrink-wrapping
analysis (See the comments at the beginning of ShrinkWrap.cpp for more details).
It then stores the safe save and restore point into the MachineFrameInfo
attached to the MachineFunction.
This information is then used by the PrologEpilogInserter (PEI) to place the
related code at the right place. This pass runs right before the PEI.

Unlike the original paper of Chow from PLDI’88, this implementation of
shrink-wrapping does not use expensive data-flow analysis and does not need hack
to properly avoid frequently executed point. Instead, it relies on dominance and
loop properties.

The pass is off by default and each target can opt-in by setting the
EnableShrinkWrap boolean to true in their derived class of TargetPassConfig.
This setting can also be overwritten on the command line by using
-enable-shrink-wrap.

Before you try out the pass for your target, make sure you properly fix your
emitProlog/emitEpilog/adjustForXXX method to cope with basic blocks that are not
necessarily the entry block.


** Design Decisions **

1. ShrinkWrap is its own pass right now. It could frankly be merged into PEI but
for debugging and clarity I thought it was best to have its own file.
2. Right now, we only support one save point and one restore point. At some
point we can expand this to several save point and restore point, the impacted
component would then be:
- The pass itself: New algorithm needed.
- MachineFrameInfo: Hold a list or set of Save/Restore point instead of one
  pointer.
- PEI: Should loop over the save point and restore point.
Anyhow, at least for this first iteration, I do not believe this is interesting
to support the complex cases. We should revisit that when we motivating
examples.

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D9210

<rdar://problem/3201744>


git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@236507 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8

include/llvm/CodeGen/MachineFrameInfo.h

@@ -246,6 +246,16 @@ class MachineFrameInfo {
   /// True if this is a varargs function that contains a musttail call.
   bool HasMustTailInVarArgFunc;
 
+  /// Not null, if shrink-wrapping found a better place for the prologue.
+  MachineBasicBlock *Save;
+  /// Not null, if shrink-wrapping found a better place for the epilogue.
+  MachineBasicBlock *Restore;
+
+  /// Check if it exists a path from \p MBB leading to the basic
+  /// block with a SavePoint (a.k.a. prologue).
+  bool isBeforeSavePoint(const MachineFunction &MF,
+                         const MachineBasicBlock &MBB) const;
+
 public:
   explicit MachineFrameInfo(unsigned StackAlign, bool isStackRealign,
                             bool RealignOpt)
@@ -269,6 +279,8 @@ public:
     HasInlineAsmWithSPAdjust = false;
     HasVAStart = false;
     HasMustTailInVarArgFunc = false;
+    Save = nullptr;
+    Restore = nullptr;
   }
 
   /// hasStackObjects - Return true if there are any stack objects in this
@@ -597,6 +609,11 @@ public:
 
   void setCalleeSavedInfoValid(bool v) { CSIValid = v; }
 
+  MachineBasicBlock *getSavePoint() const { return Save; }
+  void setSavePoint(MachineBasicBlock *NewSave) { Save = NewSave; }
+  MachineBasicBlock *getRestorePoint() const { return Restore; }
+  void setRestorePoint(MachineBasicBlock *NewRestore) { Restore = NewRestore; }
+
   /// getPristineRegs - Return a set of physical registers that are pristine on
   /// entry to the MBB.
   ///

include/llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h

@@ -120,6 +120,9 @@ protected:
   /// Default setting for -enable-tail-merge on this target.
   bool EnableTailMerge;
 
+  /// Default setting for -enable-shrink-wrap on this target.
+  bool EnableShrinkWrap;
+
 public:
   TargetPassConfig(TargetMachine *tm, PassManagerBase &pm);
   // Dummy constructor.
@@ -179,6 +182,9 @@ public:
   /// Return true if the optimized regalloc pipeline is enabled.
   bool getOptimizeRegAlloc() const;
 
+  /// Return true if shrink wrapping is enabled.
+  bool getEnableShrinkWrap() const;
+
   /// Return true if the default global register allocator is in use and
   /// has not be overriden on the command line with '-regalloc=...'
   bool usingDefaultRegAlloc() const;
@@ -426,6 +432,10 @@ namespace llvm {
   /// basic blocks.
   extern char &SpillPlacementID;
 
+  /// ShrinkWrap pass. Look for the best place to insert save and restore
+  // instruction and update the MachineFunctionInfo with that information.
+  extern char &ShrinkWrapID;
+
   /// VirtRegRewriter pass. Rewrite virtual registers to physical registers as
   /// assigned in VirtRegMap.
   extern char &VirtRegRewriterID;