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361 lines
12 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>Getting Started with LLVM System for Microsoft Visual Studio</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="doc_title">
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Getting Started with the LLVM System using Microsoft Visual Studio
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a>
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<li><a href="#quickstart">Getting Started Quickly (A Summary)</a>
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<li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#hardware">Hardware</a>
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<li><a href="#software">Software</a>
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</ol></li>
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<li><a href="#starting">Getting Started with LLVM</a>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and Notation</a>
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<li><a href="#objfiles">The Location of LLVM Object Files</a>
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</ol></li>
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<li><a href="#tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
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<li><a href="#problems">Common Problems</a>
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<li><a href="#links">Links</a>
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</ul>
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<div class="doc_author">
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<p>Written by:
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<a href="mailto:jeffc@jolt-lang.org">Jeff Cohen</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="overview"><b>Overview</b></a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>The Visual Studio port at this time is experimental. It is suitable for
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use only if you are writing your own compiler front end or otherwise have a
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need to dynamically generate machine code. The JIT and interpreter are
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functional, but it is currently not possible to generate assembly code which
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is then assembled into an executable. You can indirectly create executables
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by using the C back end.</p>
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<p>To emphasize, there is no C/C++ front end currently available.
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<tt>llvm-gcc</tt> is based on GCC, which cannot be bootstrapped using VC++.
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Eventually there should be a <tt>llvm-gcc</tt> based on Cygwin or MinGW that
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is usable. There is also the option of generating bytecode files on Unix and
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copying them over to Windows. But be aware the odds of linking C++ code
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compiled with <tt>llvm-gcc</tt> with code compiled with VC++ is essentially
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zero.</p>
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<p>The LLVM test suite cannot be run on the Visual Studio port at this
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time.</p>
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<p>Most of the tools build and work. <tt>llvm-db</tt> does not build at this
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time. <tt>bugpoint</tt> does build, but does not work.
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<p>Additional information about the LLVM directory structure and tool chain
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can be found on the main <a href="GettingStarted.html">Getting Started</a>
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page.</P>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="quickstart"><b>Getting Started Quickly (A Summary)</b></a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Read the documentation.</li>
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<li>Read the documentation.</li>
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<li>Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation.</li>
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<li>Get the Source Code
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<ul>
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<li>With the distributed files:
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<ol>
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<li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt>
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<li><tt>gunzip --stdout llvm-<i>version</i>.tar.gz | tar -xvf -</tt>
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<i> or use WinZip</i>
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<li><tt>cd llvm</tt></li>
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</ol></li>
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<li>With anonymous CVS access (or use a <a href="#mirror">mirror</a>):
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<ol>
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<li><tt>cd <i>where-you-want-llvm-to-live</i></tt></li>
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<li><tt>cvs -d
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:pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm login</tt></li>
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<li>Hit the return key when prompted for the password.
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<li><tt>cvs -z3 -d :pserver:anon@llvm-cvs.cs.uiuc.edu:/var/cvs/llvm
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co llvm</tt></li>
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<li><tt>cd llvm</tt></li>
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<li><tt>cvs up -P -d</tt></li>
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</ol></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li>Start Visual Studio
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<ol>
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<li>Simply double click on the solution file <tt>llvm/win32/llvm.sln</tt>.
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</li>
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</ol></li>
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<li>Build the LLVM Suite:
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<ol>
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<li>Simply build the solution.</li>
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<li>The Fibonacci project is a sample program that uses the JIT. Modify
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the project's debugging properties to provide a numeric command line
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argument. The program will print the corresponding fibonacci value.</li>
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</ol></li>
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</ol>
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<p>It is strongly encouraged that you get the latest version from CVS. Much
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progress has been made since the 1.4 release.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="requirements"><b>Requirements</b></a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given
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below. This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware
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and software you will need.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<div class="doc_subsection">
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<a name="hardware"><b>Hardware</b></a>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Any system that can adequately run Visual Studio .NET 2003 is fine. The
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LLVM source tree and object files, libraries and executables will consume
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approximately 3GB.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="software"><b>Software</b></a></div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>You will need Visual Studio .NET 2003. Earlier versions cannot open the
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solution/project files. The VS 2005 beta can, but will migrate these files
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to its own format in the process. While it should work with the VS 2005
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beta, there are no guarantees and there is no support for it at this time.
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It has been reported that VC++ Express also works.</p>
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<p>You will also need several open source packages: bison, flex, and sed.
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These must be installed in <tt>llvm/win32/tools</tt>. These can be found at
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<a href="http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net">http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net</a>
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or
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<a href="http://unxutils.sourceforge.net">http://unxutils.sourceforge.net</a>.
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Bison prefers that m4 be in the path. You must add it to the Visual Studio
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configuration under the menu Options -> Projects -> VC++ Directories.
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Alternatively, you can set the environment variable <tt>M4</tt> to point to
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<tt>m4</tt> executable.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="starting"><b>Getting Started with LLVM</b></a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>The remainder of this guide is meant to get you up and running with
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LLVM using Visual Studio and to give you some basic information about the LLVM
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environment.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<div class="doc_subsection">
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<a name="terminology">Terminology and Notation</a>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>Throughout this manual, the following names are used to denote paths
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specific to the local system and working environment. <i>These are not
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environment variables you need to set but just strings used in the rest
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of this document below</i>. In any of the examples below, simply replace
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each of these names with the appropriate pathname on your local system.
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All these paths are absolute:</p>
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<dl>
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<dt>SRC_ROOT
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<dd>
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This is the top level directory of the LLVM source tree.
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<p>
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<dt>OBJ_ROOT
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<dd>
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This is the top level directory of the LLVM object tree (i.e. the
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tree where object files and compiled programs will be placed. It
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is fixed at SRC_ROOT/win32).
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<p>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<!-- ======================================================================= -->
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<div class="doc_subsection">
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<a name="objfiles">The Location of LLVM Object Files</a>
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</div>
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>The object files are placed under <tt>OBJ_ROOT/Debug</tt> for debug builds
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and <tt>OBJ_ROOT/Release</tt> for release (optimized) builds. These include
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both executables and libararies that your application can link against.
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<p>The files that <tt>configure</tt> would create when building on Unix are
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created by the <tt>Configure</tt> project and placed in
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<tt>OBJ_ROOT/llvm</tt>. You application must have OBJ_ROOT in its include
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search path just before <tt>SRC_ROOT/include</tt>.
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="tutorial">An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain</a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<ol>
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<li>First, create a simple C file, name it 'hello.c':
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<pre>
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#include <stdio.h>
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int main() {
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printf("hello world\n");
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return 0;
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}
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</pre></li>
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<li><p>Next, compile the C file into a LLVM bytecode file:</p>
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<p><tt>% llvm-gcc hello.c -o hello</tt></p>
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<p>Note that you should have already built the tools and they have to be
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in your path, at least <tt>gccas</tt> and <tt>gccld</tt>.</p>
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<p>This will create two result files: <tt>hello</tt> and
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<tt>hello.bc</tt>. The <tt>hello.bc</tt> is the LLVM bytecode that
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corresponds the the compiled program and the library facilities that it
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required. <tt>hello</tt> is a simple shell script that runs the bytecode
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file with <tt>lli</tt>, making the result directly executable. Note that
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all LLVM optimizations are enabled by default, so there is no need for a
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"-O3" switch.</p>
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<p><b>Note: while you cannot do this step on Windows, you can do it on a
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Unix system and transfer <tt>hello.bc</tt> to Windows.</b></p></li>
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<li><p>Run the program. To make sure the program ran, execute the
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following command:</p>
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<p><tt>% lli hello.bc</tt></p></li>
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<li><p>Use the <tt>llvm-dis</tt> utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly
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code:</p>
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<p><tt>% llvm-dis < hello.bc | less</tt><p></li>
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<li><p>Compile the program to native assembly using the LLC code
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generator:</p>
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<p><tt>% llc hello.bc -o hello.s</tt></p>
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<li><p>Assemble the native assembly language file into a program:</p>
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<p><b>Not currently possible, but eventually will use <tt>NASMW</tt>.</b></p>
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<li><p>Execute the native code program:</p>
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<p><tt>% ./hello.native</tt></p></li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="problems">Common Problems</a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
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general questions about LLVM, please consult the <a href="FAQ.html">Frequently
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Asked Questions</a> page.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_section">
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<a name="links">Links</a>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<div class="doc_text">
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<p>This document is just an <b>introduction</b> to how to use LLVM to do
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some simple things... there are many more interesting and complicated things
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that you can do that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch
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if you want to write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check
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out:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/">LLVM homepage</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/doxygen/">LLVM doxygen tree</a></li>
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<li><a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu/docs/Projects.html">Starting a Project
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that Uses LLVM</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
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<hr>
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<address>
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<a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer"><img
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src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss" alt="Valid CSS!"></a>
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<a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer"><img
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src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401" alt="Valid HTML 4.01!" /></a>
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<a href="mailto:jeffc@jolt-lang.org">Jeff Cohen</a><br>
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<a href="http://llvm.cs.uiuc.edu">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
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Last modified: $Date$
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</address>
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</body>
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</html>
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