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millfork/docs/api/custom-platform.md

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Adding a custom platform

Every platform is defined in an .ini file with an appropriate name. The file is looked up in the directories on the include path, first directly, then in the platform subdirectory.

As an extension, multiline entries are supported: if a line ends with a backslash character, the value continues to the next line.

[compilation] section

  • arch – CPU architecture. It defines which instructions are available. Available values:

    • nmos (original 6502)

    • strict (NMOS without illegal instructions)

    • ricoh (Ricoh 2A03/2A07, NMOS without decimal mode)

    • strictricoh (Ricoh 2A03/2A07 without illegal instructions)

    • cmos (65SC02, or any 65C02 without bit instructions)

    • 65sc02 (65SC02)

    • 65c02 (Rockwell 65C02)

    • w65c02 (WDC 65C02)

    • 65ce02 (CSG 65CE02; experimental)

    • huc6280 (Hudson HuC6280)

    • 65816 (WDC 65816/65802; experimental; currently only programs that use only 16-bit addressing are supported)

    • z80 (Zilog Z80)

    • strictz80 (Z80 without illegal instructions)

    • r800 (R800)

    • z80next (Z80 core from ZX Spectrum Next)
      Note: Millfork version 0.3.18 and earlier uses the name zx80next for this architecture.

    • i8080 (Intel 8080)

    • i8085 (Intel 8085)

    • strict8085 (Intel 8085 without illegal instructions)

    • gameboy (Sharp LR35902; experimental)

    • i8086 (Intel 8086; very experimental, very buggy and very, very incomplete – see the 8086 support disclaimer)

    • 6809 (Motorola 6809; very experimental, very buggy and very, very incomplete – many language features simply do not work at all for this target)

  • encoding – default encoding for console I/O. Default: ascii. See the list of available encodings.

  • screen_encoding – default encoding for screencodes (literals with encoding specified as scr). Default: the same as encoding.

  • modules – comma-separated list of modules that will be automatically imported. This list cannot contain module template instantiations.

  • other compilation options (they can be overridden using commandline options):

    • emit_illegals – whether the compiler should emit illegal instructions, default false

    • emit_cmos – whether the compiler should emit 65C02 instructions, default is true on compatible processors and false elsewhere

    • emit_65816 – which 65816 instructions should the compiler emit, either no, emulation or native

    • decimal_mode – whether the compiler should emit decimal instructions, default is false on ricoh and strictricoh and true elsewhere; if disabled, a software decimal mode will be used

    • emit_8085 – whether the compiler should emit Intel 8085 instructions, default is true on compatible processors and false elsewhere

    • emit_x80 – whether the compiler should emit instructions present on Sharp LR35902 and Z80, but absent on Intel 8080, default is true on compatible processors and false elsewhere

    • emit_z80 – whether the compiler should emit Zilog Z80 instructions not covered by emit_x80, default is true on compatible processors and false elsewhere

    • emit_r800 – whether the compiler should emit R800 instructions, default is true on compatible processors and false elsewhere

    • prevent_jmp_indirect_bug – whether the compiler should try to avoid the indirect JMP bug, default is false on 65C02-compatible or non-6502 processors and true elsewhere

    • compact_dispatch_params – whether parameter values in return dispatch statements may overlap other objects, default is true.
      This may cause problems if the parameter table is stored next to a hardware register that has side effects when reading.

    • lunix – generate relocatable code for LUnix/LNG, default is false

    • zeropage_register – reserve a certain amount of bytes of zero page as a pseudoregister to increase language features. Default: 4 if targeting a 6502-based architecture, 0 otherwise.
      true is a synonym of the current compiler default (currently: 4) and false is a synonym for 0.

    • inline - inline functions automatically by default, default is false.

    • ipo - enable interprocedural optimization, default is false.

    • function_fallthrough – whether should replace a tail call by simply putting one function after another, default is true.

    • function_deduplication – whether identical functions should be merged into one function, default is true.

    • subroutine_extraction – whether identical fragments of functions should be extracted into subroutines, default is false.

    • lenient_encoding - allow for automatic substitution of invalid characters in string literals using the default encodings, default is false.

    • use_shadow_registers_for_irq – use Z80 shadow registers in interrupt routines, default is true for Z80 and false otherwise

    • ix_stack – use the IX register to access stack variables, default is true for Z80 and 8086, false otherwise

    • iy_stack – use the IY register to access stack variables, default is false

    • ix_scratch – allow using the IY register for other purposes, default is false

    • iy_scratch – allow using the IY register for other purposes, default is false

    • u_stack – use the U register to access stack variables, default is false. Applicable only to 6809-based targets.

    • y_stack – use the Y register to access stack variables, default is false. Applicable only to 6809-based targets.
      Warning: Currently, picking either u_stack or y_stack is required, unless you want to always specify this option in the compiler's command line! The compiler doesn't support accessing the stack variables via the S stack pointer register yet.

    • software_stack – use software stack for stack variables, default is false. Applicable only to 6502-based targets.

    • output_intel_syntax – use Intel syntax instead of Zilog syntax, default is true for Intel 8080/8085 and false otherwise

[define] section

This section defines values of features of the target. See the preprocessor documentation for more info.

[allocation] section

  • zp_pointers – either a list of comma separated zeropage addresses that can be used by the program as zeropage pointers, or all for all. Each value should be the address of the first of two free bytes in the zeropage. Only used for 6502-based targets. Cannot be used together with zp_bytes.

  • zp_bytes – either a list of comma separated zeropage byte addresses or address ranges that can be used by the program in zeropage, or all for all. Only used for 6502-based targets. Cannot be used together with zp_pointers.

  • segments – a comma-separated list of segment names.
    A segment named default is always required.
    Default: default. In all options below, NAME refers to a segment name.

  • default_code_segment – the default segment for code and const arrays.
    Note that the default segment for writable arrays and variables is always default.
    Default: default

  • ram_init_segment – the segment storing a copy of initial values for preinitialized writable arrays and variables. The segment cannot be default. See the ROM vs RAM guide for more information. Default: none.

  • segment_NAME_start – the first address used for automatic allocation in the segment.
    Note that on 6502-like targets, the default segment shouldn't start before $200, as the $0-$1FF range is reserved for the zeropage and the stack.
    The first object defined in segment_NAME_layout (usually the main function) will be placed as close to the beginning of its segment as possible, but not necessarily at segment_NAME_start

  • segment_NAME_end – the last address in the segment

  • segment_NAME_codeend – the last address in the segment for code and const arrays.
    Only uninitialized variables are allowed between segment_NAME_codeend and segment_NAME_end.
    Default: the same as segment_NAME_end.

  • segment_NAME_datastart – the first address used for non-zeropage variables, or after_code if the variables should be allocated after the code.
    Default: after_code.

  • segment_NAME_bank – the bank number the segment belongs to. Default: 0. For better debugging on NES, RAM segments should use bank number $ff.

  • segment_NAME_fill – the byte value used to fill gaps and other unused space in the segment. Default: 0.

  • segment_NAME_layout – a comma-separated list of object names that defines in what order the objects are laid out in the segment. One item has to be *, it means "all the other objects".
    For example, a,b,*,c,d means that the output will contain a first, then b, then everything else except for c and d, then c and finally d. If an object from that list does not exist, it is ignored.
    Default: main,*

[output] section

  • style – how multi-segment programs should be output:

    • single – output a single file, based mostly, but not necessarily only on data in the default segment (the default)

    • lunix – like single, but add data necessary for relocation between code and data (requires lunix option in the compilation section)

    • per_segment – generate a separate file with each segment

  • format – output file format; a comma-separated list of tokens:

    • literal byte values

    • startaddr – little-endian 16-bit address of the first used byte of the compiled output (not necessarily the segment start)

    • startaddr_be – the same, but big-endian

    • endaddr – little-endian 16-bit address of the last used byte of the compiled output (usually not the segment end)

    • endaddr_be – the same, but big-endian

    • addr:XXXX – little-endian 16-bit address of the symbol XXXX

    • addr_be:XXXX – the same, but big-endian

    • startaddr+123, startaddr_be+123, endaddr+123, endaddr_be+123, addr:XXXX+123, addr_be:XXXX+123 – the same, but incremented by the given number

      • the number can be decimal, hexadecimal, octal, quaternary or binary

    • startaddr-123, startaddr_be-123, endaddr-123, endaddr_be-123, addr:XXXX-123, addr_be:XXXX-123– the same, but decremented by the given number

    • startpage – the high byte of startaddr

    • length – little-endian 16-bit length of the compiled output; endaddr - startaddr + 1

    • length_be – the same, but big-endian

    • length+123, length_be+123 – the same, but incremented by the given number

    • length-123, length_be-123 – the same, but decremented by the given number

    • programname-123 – the name of the program of the given length, uppercase ASCII, padded with spaces

    • allocated – all used bytes

    • pagecount – the number of pages used by all used bytes (including partially filled pages)

    • "<string>" – literal ASCII string; commas, non-ASCII characters and escape sequences are not supported

    • <addr>:<addr> - inclusive range of bytes

    • <segment>:<addr>:<addr> - inclusive range of bytes in a given segment

    • d88 - a D88 floppy disk image for PC-88

    • tap:XXXX - a tape image for ZX Spectrum; XXXX is the name of the entry point to the program

    • tap – equivalent to tap:main

    • trscmd:XXXX - a chunked loadable executable for TRS-80 Model 1 or 3 running TRS-DOS, also known as the /CMD format; XXXX is the name of the entry point to the program

    • trscmd - equivalent to trscmd:main

  • format_segment_NAME – if using the per_segment style, overrides the format for the given segment

  • extension – target file extension, with or without the dot

  • bbc_inf – should the .inf file with file metadata for BBC Micro be created

  • gb_checksum – should the main output file be patched with Game Boy-compatible checksums

  • labels – format of the label file:

    • vice (the default) – format compatible with the Vice emulator. The extension is .lbl.

    • nesasm – format used by the NESASM assembler. The extension is .fns.

    • sym – format used by the WLA/DX assembler. The extension is .sym.

    • fceux – multi-file format used by the FCEUX emulator. The extension is .nl.

    • mesen – format used by the Mesen emulator. The extension is .mlb.

    • ld65 – format used by the ld65 linker. The extension is .dbg.