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This patch configures Isolated Memory Regions (IMRs) to block DMA to code and data regions that do not contain any data that needs to be DMA-accessible.
224 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
224 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
Intel Galileo Board
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===================
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This README file contains general information about the Intel Galileo board
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support. In the following lines you will find information about supported
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features as well as instructions on how to build, run and debug applications
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for this platform. The instructions were only test in Linux environment.
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Requirements
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------------
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In order to build and debug the following packages must be installed in your
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system:
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* gcc
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* gdb
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* openocd
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Moreover, in order to debug via JTAG or serial console, you will some extra
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devices as described in [1] and [2].
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Features
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--------
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This section presents the features currently supported (e.g. device drivers
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and Contiki APIs) by the Galileo port.
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Device drivers:
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* Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC)
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* Programmable Intergal Timer (PIT)
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* Real-Time Clock (RTC)
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* UART
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* Ethernet
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* I2C
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* GPIO (default pinmux configuration is listed in
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platform/galileo/drivers/galileo-pinmux.c)
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* Intel Quark X1000 SoC message bus
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* Isolated Memory Regions (IMRs)
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Contiki APIs:
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* Clock module
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* Timer, Stimer, Etimer, Ctimer, and Rtimer libraries
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Standard APIs:
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* Stdio library (stdout and stderr only). Console output through UART 1
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device (connected to Galileo Gen2 FTDI header)
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Building
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--------
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Prerequisites on all Ubuntu Linux systems include texinfo and uuid-dev.
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Additional prerequisites on 64-bit Ubuntu Linux systems include
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gcc-multilib and g++-multilib.
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To build applications for this platform you should first build newlib (in
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case it wasn't already built). To build newlib you can run the following
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command:
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```
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$ ./platform/galileo/bsp/libc/build_newlib.sh
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```
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Once newlib is built, you are ready to build applications. By default, the
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following steps will use gcc as the C compiler and to invoke the linker. To
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use LLVM clang instead, change the values for both the CC and LD variables in
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cpu/x86/Makefile.x86_common to 'clang'.
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To build applications for the Galileo platform you should set the TARGET
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variable to 'galileo'. For instance, building the hello-world application
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should look like this:
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```
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$ cd examples/hello-world/ && make TARGET=galileo
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```
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This will generate the 'hello-world.galileo' file which is a multiboot-
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compliant [3] ELF image. This image contains debugging information and it
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should be used in your daily development.
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You can also build a "Release" image by setting the BUILD_RELEASE variable to
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1. This will generate a Contiki stripped-image optimized for size.
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```
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$ cd examples/hello-world/ && make TARGET=galileo BUILD_RELEASE=1
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```
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To also generate an '<application>.galileo.efi' file which is a UEFI [4] image,
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you can run the following command prior to building applications:
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```
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$ cpu/x86/uefi/build_uefi.sh
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```
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To restrict DMA so that peripherals are blocked from accessing memory
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regions that do not contain any data that needs to be DMA-accessible,
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specify X86_CONF_RESTRICT_DMA=1 as a command-line argument to the make
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command that is used to build the image. This will configure and lock
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the IMRs.
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Running
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-------
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In order to boot the Contiki image, you will need a multiboot-compliant
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bootloader. In the bsp directory, we provide a helper script which builds the
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Grub bootloader with multiboot support. To build the bootloader, just run the
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following command:
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```
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$ platform/galileo/bsp/grub/build_grub.sh
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```
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Once Grub is built, we have three main steps to run Contiki applications:
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prepare SDcard, connect to console, and boot image. Below follows
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detailed instructions.
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### Prepare SDcard
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Mount the sdcard in directory /mnt/sdcard.
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#### Approach for Multiboot-compliant ELF Image
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Copy Contiki binary image to sdcard
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```
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$ cp examples/hello-world/hello-world.galileo /mnt/sdcard
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```
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Copy grub binary to sdcard
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```
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$ cp platform/galileo/bsp/grub/bin/grub.efi /mnt/sdcard
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```
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#### Approach for UEFI Image
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Copy Contiki binary image to sdcard
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```
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$ cp examples/hello-world/hello-world.galileo.efi /mnt/sdcard
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```
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### Connect to the console output
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Connect the serial cable to your computer as shown in [2].
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Choose a terminal emulator such as PuTTY. Make sure you use the SCO keyboard
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mode (on PuTTY that option is at Terminal -> Keyboard, on the left menu).
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Connect to the appropriate serial port using a baud rate of 115200.
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### Boot Contiki Image
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Turn on your board. After a few seconds you should see the following text
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in the screen:
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```
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Press [Enter] to directly boot.
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Press [F7] to show boot menu options.
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```
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Press <F7> and select the option "UEFI Internal Shell" within the menu.
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#### Boot Multiboot-compliant ELF Image
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Once you have a shell, run the following commands to run grub application:
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```
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$ fs0:
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$ grub.efi
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```
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You'll reach the grub shell. Now run the following commands to boot Contiki
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image:
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```
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$ multiboot /hello-world.galileo
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$ boot
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```
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#### Boot UEFI Image
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Once you have a shell, run the following commands to boot Contiki image:
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```
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$ fs0:
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$ hello-world.galileo.efi
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```
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### Verify that Contiki is Running
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This should boot the Contiki image, resulting in the following messages being
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sent to the serial console:
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```
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Starting Contiki
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Hello World
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```
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Debugging
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---------
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This section describes how to debug Contiki via JTAG. The following
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instructions consider you have the devices: Flyswatter2 and ARM-JTAG-20-10
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adapter (see [1]).
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Attach the Flyswatter2 to your host computer with an USB cable. Connect the
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Flyswatter2 and ARM-JTAG-20-10 adapter using the 20-pins head. Connect the
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ARM-JTAG-20-10 adapter to Galileo Gen2 JTAG port using the 10-pins head.
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Once everything is connected, run Contiki as described in "Running" section,
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but right after loading Contiki image (multiboot command), run the following
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command:
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```
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$ make TARGET=galileo debug
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```
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The 'debug' rule will run OpenOCD and gdb with the right parameters. OpenOCD
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will run in background and its output will be redirected to a log file in the
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application's path called LOG_OPENOCD. Once gdb client is detached, OpenOCD
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is terminated.
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If you use a gdb front-end, you can define the "GDB" environment
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variable and your gdb front-end will be used instead of default gdb.
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For instance, if you want to use cgdb front-end, just run the command:
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```
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$ make BOARD=galileo debug GDB=cgdb
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```
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References
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----------
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[1] https://communities.intel.com/message/211778
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[2] https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-galileo-gen-2-board-assembly-using-eclipse-and-intel-xdk-iot-edition
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[3] https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/manual/multiboot/multiboot.html
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[4] http://www.uefi.org/
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