docs about multi-assign

docs/source/programming.rst

@@ -654,6 +654,11 @@ a fixed amount of memory which will not change.  (You *can* change the value of
 It is possible to "chain" assignments: ``x = y = z = 42``, this is just a shorthand
 for the three individual assignments with the same value 42.
 
+Only for certain subroutines that return multiple values it is possible to write a "multi assign" statement
+with comma separated assignment targets, that assigns those multiple values to different targets in one statement.
+Details can be found here: :ref:`multiassign`.
+
+
 .. attention::
     **Data type conversion (in assignments):**
     When assigning a value with a 'smaller' datatype to variable with a 'larger' datatype,

docs/source/syntaxreference.rst

@@ -665,25 +665,35 @@ takes no parameters.  If the subroutine returns a value, usually you assign it t
 If you're not interested in the return value, prefix the function call with the ``void`` keyword.
 Otherwise the compiler will warn you about discarding the result of the call.
 
+.. _multiassign:
+
 Multiple return values
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Normal subroutines can only return zero or one return values.
 However, the special ``asmsub`` routines (implemented in assembly code) or ``romsub`` routines
 (referencing a routine in Kernal ROM) can return more than one return value.
 For example a status in the carry bit and a number in A, or a 16-bit value in A/Y registers.
-It is not possible to process the results of a call to these kind of routines
+In these cases, it is possible to do a "multi assign" where the multiple return values of the subroutine call,
-directly from the language, because only single value assignments are possible.
+are all assigned to individual assignment targets. You simply write them as a comma separated list, so for instance::
-You can still call the subroutine and not store the results.
 
-**There is an exception:** if there's just one return value in a register, and one or more others that are returned
+    bool   flag
-as bits in the status register (such as the Carry bit), the compiler allows you to call the subroutine.
+    ubyte  bytevar
+    uword  wordvar
+
+    wordvar, flag, bytevar = multisub()        ; call and assign the three result values
+
+    asmsub multisub() -> uword @AY, bool @Pc, ubyte @X { ... }
+
+**There is also a special rule:** if there's just one return value in a register, and one or more others that are returned
+as bits in the status register (such as the Carry bit), the compiler *also* allows you to call the subroutine and just assign a *single* return value.
 It will then store the result value in a variable if required, and *try to keep the status register untouched
 after the call* so you can often use a conditional branch statement for that. But the latter is tricky,
 make sure you check the generated assembly code.
 
-If there really are multiple relevant return values (other than a combined 16 bit return value in 2 registers),
+.. note::
-you'll have to write a small block of custom inline assembly that does the call and stores the values
+    For asmsubs or romsubs that return a boolean status flag in a cpu status register such as the Carry flag,
-appropriately. Don't forget to save/restore any registers that are modified.
+    it is always more efficient to use a conditional branch like `if_cs` to act on that value, than storing
+    it in a variable and then adding an `if flag...` statement afterwards.
 
 
 Subroutine definitions

docs/source/todo.rst

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 TODO
 ====
 
-add docs for multi-assigns.
+make it possible to omit the Status Register values in multi-assigns regardless of the number of return values (is now 1 value)
 
 ...
 

examples/test.p8

@@ -1,17 +1,42 @@
+%import textio
+%import test_stack
 %zeropage basicsafe
 %option no_sysinit
 
 main {
     sub start() {
         bool @shared flag
+        ubyte @shared bytevar
+        uword @shared wordvar
 
-        cx16.r1=9999
+;        cx16.r1=9999
-        flag = test(42)
+;        flag = test(42)
-        cx16.r0L, flag = test2(12345, 5566, flag, -42)
+;        cx16.r0L, flag = test2(12345, 5566, flag, -42)
-        cx16.r1, flag = test3()
+;        cx16.r1, flag = test3()
+
+        wordvar, bytevar, flag = test4()
+        wordvar, bytevar, flag = test4()
+
+        txt.print_uwhex(wordvar, true)
+        txt.spc()
+        txt.print_bool(flag)
+        txt.spc()
+        txt.print_ub(bytevar)
+        txt.nl()
     }
 
     romsub $8000 = test(ubyte arg @A) -> bool @Pc
     romsub $8002 = test2(uword arg @AY, uword arg2 @R1, bool flag @Pc, byte value @X) -> ubyte @A, bool @Pc
     romsub $8003 = test3() -> uword @R1, bool @Pc
+
+
+    asmsub test4() -> uword @AY, ubyte @X, bool @Pc {
+        %asm {{
+            lda  #<$11ee
+            ldy  #>$11ee
+            ldx  #42
+            sec
+            rts
+        }}
+    }
 }