implemented last remaining codegen for word-byte division and remainders.

Add support for built-in functions to Vim syntax file (and other fixes)

README.md

@@ -23,13 +23,14 @@ https://prog8.readthedocs.io/
 What does Prog8 provide?
 ------------------------
 
-- big reduction of source code length over raw assembly
+- reduction of source code length over raw assembly
 - modularity, symbol scoping, subroutines
 - various data types other than just bytes (16-bit words, floats, strings)
 - automatic variable allocations, automatic string and array variables and string sharing
-- subroutines with an input- and output parameter signature
-- no stack frame allocations because parameters and local variables are automatically allocated statically
-- constant folding in expressions and other high-level program optimizations
+- subroutines with input parameters and result values
+- high-level program optimizations
+- small program boilerplate/compilersupport overhead
+- sane variable initialization, programs can be restarted again just fine after exiting to basic
 - conditional branches
 - floating point operations  (requires the C64 Basic ROM routines for this)
 - 'when' statement to provide a concise jump table alternative to if/elseif chains
@@ -38,8 +39,10 @@ What does Prog8 provide?
 - various powerful built-in libraries to do I/O, number conversions, graphics and more  
 - convenience abstractions for low level aspects such as ZeroPage handling, program startup, explicit memory addresses
 - fast execution speed due to compilation to native assembly code
+- variables are allocated statically
 - inline assembly allows you to have full control when every cycle or byte matters
 - supports the sixteen 'virtual' 16-bit registers R0 .. R15 from the Commander X16, and provides them also on the C64.
+- encode strings and characters into petscii or screencodes as desired (C64/Cx16)
 
 *Rapid edit-compile-run-debug cycle:*
 

compiler/compiler.iml

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <module type="JAVA_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="FacetManager">
+    <facet type="Python" name="Python">
+      <configuration sdkName="Python 3.9" />
+    </facet>
+  </component>
   <component name="NewModuleRootManager" inherit-compiler-output="true">
     <exclude-output />
     <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
@@ -14,5 +19,6 @@
     <orderEntry type="library" name="unittest-libs" level="project" />
     <orderEntry type="library" name="kotlinx-cli-jvm" level="project" />
     <orderEntry type="module" module-name="compilerAst" />
+    <orderEntry type="library" name="Python 3.9 interpreter library" level="application" />
   </component>
 </module>

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/floats.asm

@@ -428,7 +428,9 @@ var_fac1_greater_f	.proc
 		cmp  #1
 		beq  +
 		lda  #0
-+		rts
+		rts
++		lda  #1
+		rts
 		.pend
 
 var_fac1_greatereq_f	.proc

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/graphics.p8

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 %import textio
 
 ; bitmap pixel graphics module for the C64
-; only black/white monchrome 320x200 for now
+; only black/white monochrome 320x200 for now
 ; assumes bitmap screen memory is $2000-$3fff
 
 graphics {
@@ -34,36 +34,33 @@ graphics {
     sub line(uword @zp x1, ubyte @zp y1, uword @zp x2, ubyte @zp y2) {
         ; Bresenham algorithm.
         ; This code special-cases various quadrant loops to allow simple ++ and -- operations.
-        ; TODO there are some slight errors at the first/last pixels in certain slopes...??
         if y1>y2 {
             ; make sure dy is always positive to have only 4 instead of 8 special cases
             swap(x1, x2)
             swap(y1, y2)
         }
-        word @zp dx = x2-x1 as word
-        word @zp dy = y2-y1
+        word @zp dx = (x2 as word)-x1
+        word @zp dy = (y2 as word)-y1
 
         if dx==0 {
-            vertical_line(x1, y1, abs(dy)+1 as ubyte)
+            vertical_line(x1, y1, abs(dy) as ubyte +1)
             return
         }
         if dy==0 {
             if x1>x2
                 x1=x2
-            horizontal_line(x1, y1, abs(dx)+1 as uword)
+            horizontal_line(x1, y1, abs(dx) as uword +1)
             return
         }
 
-        ; TODO rewrite the rest in optimized assembly
-
         word @zp d = 0
         ubyte positive_ix = true
         if dx < 0 {
             dx = -dx
             positive_ix = false
         }
-        dx *= 2
-        dy *= 2
+        word @zp dx2 = dx*2
+        word @zp dy2 = dy*2
         internal_plotx = x1
 
         if dx >= dy {
@@ -73,10 +70,10 @@ graphics {
                     if internal_plotx==x2
                         return
                     internal_plotx++
-                    d += dy
+                    d += dy2
                     if d > dx {
                         y1++
-                        d -= dx
+                        d -= dx2
                     }
                 }
             } else {
@@ -85,10 +82,10 @@ graphics {
                     if internal_plotx==x2
                         return
                     internal_plotx--
-                    d += dy
+                    d += dy2
                     if d > dx {
                         y1++
-                        d -= dx
+                        d -= dx2
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -100,10 +97,10 @@ graphics {
                     if y1 == y2
                         return
                     y1++
-                    d += dx
+                    d += dx2
                     if d > dy {
                         internal_plotx++
-                        d -= dy
+                        d -= dy2
                     }
                 }
             } else {
@@ -112,10 +109,10 @@ graphics {
                     if y1 == y2
                         return
                     y1++
-                    d += dx
+                    d += dx2
                     if d > dy {
                         internal_plotx--
-                        d -= dy
+                        d -= dy2
                     }
                 }
             }

compiler/res/prog8lib/c64/syslib.p8

@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ romsub $FFAE = UNLSN() clobbers(A)                              ; command serial
 romsub $FFB1 = LISTEN(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)             ; command serial bus device to LISTEN
 romsub $FFB4 = TALK(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)               ; command serial bus device to TALK
 romsub $FFB7 = READST() -> ubyte @ A                            ; read I/O status word
-romsub $FFBA = SETLFS(ubyte logical @ A, ubyte device @ X, ubyte address @ Y)   ; set logical file parameters
+romsub $FFBA = SETLFS(ubyte logical @ A, ubyte device @ X, ubyte secondary @ Y)   ; set logical file parameters
 romsub $FFBD = SETNAM(ubyte namelen @ A, str filename @ XY)     ; set filename parameters
 romsub $FFC0 = OPEN() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @A      ; (via 794 ($31A)) open a logical file
 romsub $FFC3 = CLOSE(ubyte logical @ A) clobbers(A,X,Y)         ; (via 796 ($31C)) close a logical file
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ romsub $FFC9 = CHKOUT(ubyte logical @ X) clobbers(A,X)          ; (via 800 ($320
 romsub $FFCC = CLRCHN() clobbers(A,X)                           ; (via 802 ($322)) restore default devices
 romsub $FFCF = CHRIN() clobbers(X, Y) -> ubyte @ A   ; (via 804 ($324)) input a character (for keyboard, read a whole line from the screen) A=byte read.
 romsub $FFD2 = CHROUT(ubyte char @ A)                           ; (via 806 ($326)) output a character
-romsub $FFD5 = LOAD(ubyte verify @ A, uword address @ XY) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A, ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y     ; (via 816 ($330)) load from device
-romsub $FFD8 = SAVE(ubyte zp_startaddr @ A, uword endaddr @ XY) -> ubyte @ Pc, ubyte @ A                    ; (via 818 ($332)) save to a device
+romsub $FFD5 = LOAD(ubyte verify @ A, uword address @ XY) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A, uword @ XY     ; (via 816 ($330)) load from device
+romsub $FFD8 = SAVE(ubyte zp_startaddr @ A, uword endaddr @ XY) -> ubyte @ Pc, ubyte @ A          ; (via 818 ($332)) save to a device
 romsub $FFDB = SETTIM(ubyte low @ A, ubyte middle @ X, ubyte high @ Y)      ; set the software clock
 romsub $FFDE = RDTIM() -> ubyte @ A, ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y       ; read the software clock
 romsub $FFE1 = STOP() clobbers(X) -> ubyte @ Pz, ubyte @ A      ; (via 808 ($328)) check the STOP key (and some others in A)

compiler/res/prog8lib/conv.p8

@@ -7,239 +7,213 @@ conv {
 
 ; ----- number conversions to decimal strings ----
 
-asmsub  ubyte2decimal  (ubyte value @A) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
-	; ---- A to decimal string in Y/A/X  (100s in Y, 10s in A, 1s in X)
+    str  string_out = "????????????????"       ; result buffer for the string conversion routines
+
+asmsub  str_ub0  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the ubyte in A in decimal string form, with left padding 0s (3 positions total)
 	%asm {{
-		ldy  #uword2decimal.ASCII_0_OFFSET
-		bne  uword2decimal.hex_try200
-		rts
+            phx
+            jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+            sty  string_out
+            sta  string_out+1
+            stx  string_out+2
+            lda  #0
+            sta  string_out+3
+            plx
+            rts
 	}}
 }
 
-asmsub  uword2decimal  (uword value @AY) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
-	;  ---- convert 16 bit uword in A/Y to decimal
-	;  output in uword2decimal.decTenThousands, decThousands, decHundreds, decTens, decOnes
-	;  (these are terminated by a zero byte so they can be easily printed)
-	;  also returns Y = 100's, A = 10's, X = 1's
-
+asmsub  str_ub  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the ubyte in A in decimal string form, without left padding 0s
 	%asm {{
-
-;Convert 16 bit Hex to Decimal (0-65535) Rev 2
-;By Omegamatrix    Further optimizations by tepples
-; routine from http://forums.nesdev.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=11341&start=15
-
-;HexToDec99
-; start in A
-; end with A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
-
-;HexToDec255
-; start in A
-; end with Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
-
-;HexToDec999
-; start with A = high byte, Y = low byte
-; end with Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
-; requires 1 extra temp register on top of decOnes, could combine
-; these two if HexToDec65535 was eliminated...
-
-;HexToDec65535
-; start with A/Y (low/high) as 16 bit value
-; end with decTenThousand, decThousand, Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
-; (irmen: I store Y and A in decHundreds and decTens too, so all of it can be easily printed)
-
-
-ASCII_0_OFFSET 	= $30
-temp       	    = P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1	; byte in zeropage
-hexHigh      	= P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1	; byte in zeropage
-hexLow       	= P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1	; byte in zeropage
-
-
-HexToDec65535; SUBROUTINE
-    sty    hexHigh               ;3  @9
-    sta    hexLow                ;3  @12
-    tya
-    tax                          ;2  @14
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @16
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @18   integer divide 1024 (result 0-63)
-
-    cpx    #$A7                  ;2  @20   account for overflow of multiplying 24 from 43,000 ($A7F8) onward,
-    adc    #1                    ;2  @22   we can just round it to $A700, and the divide by 1024 is fine...
-
-    ;at this point we have a number 1-65 that we have to times by 24,
-    ;add to original sum, and Mod 1024 to get a remainder 0-999
-
-
-    sta    temp                  ;3  @25
-    asl    a                     ;2  @27
-    adc    temp                  ;3  @30  x3
-    tay                          ;2  @32
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @34
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @36
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @38
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @40
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @42
-    tax                          ;2  @44
-    tya                          ;2  @46
-    asl    a                     ;2  @48
-    asl    a                     ;2  @50
-    asl    a                     ;2  @52
-    clc                          ;2  @54
-    adc    hexLow                ;3  @57
-    sta    hexLow                ;3  @60
-    txa                          ;2  @62
-    adc    hexHigh               ;3  @65
-    sta    hexHigh               ;3  @68
-    ror    a                     ;2  @70
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @72
-    tay                          ;2  @74    integer divide 1,000 (result 0-65)
-
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @76    split the 1,000 and 10,000 digit
-    tax                          ;2  @78
-    lda    ShiftedBcdTab,x       ;4  @82
-    tax                          ;2  @84
-    rol    a                     ;2  @86
-    and    #$0F                  ;2  @88
-    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
-    sta    decThousands          ;3  @91
-    txa                          ;2  @93
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @95
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @97
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @99
-    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
-    sta    decTenThousands       ;3  @102
-
-    lda    hexLow                ;3  @105
-    cpy    temp                  ;3  @108
-    bmi    _doSubtract           ;2³ @110/111
-    beq    _useZero               ;2³ @112/113
-    adc    #23 + 24              ;2  @114
-_doSubtract
-    sbc    #23                   ;2  @116
-    sta    hexLow                ;3  @119
-_useZero
-    lda    hexHigh               ;3  @122
-    sbc    #0                    ;2  @124
-
-Start100s
-    and    #$03                  ;2  @126
-    tax                          ;2  @128   0,1,2,3
-    cmp    #2                    ;2  @130
-    rol    a                     ;2  @132   0,2,5,7
-    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
-    tay                          ;2  @134   Y = Hundreds digit
-
-    lda    hexLow                ;3  @137
-    adc    Mod100Tab,x           ;4  @141    adding remainder of 256, 512, and 256+512 (all mod 100)
-    bcs    hex_doSub200             ;2³ @143/144
-
-hex_try200
-    cmp    #200                  ;2  @145
-    bcc    hex_try100               ;2³ @147/148
-hex_doSub200
-    iny                          ;2  @149
-    iny                          ;2  @151
-    sbc    #200                  ;2  @153
-hex_try100
-    cmp    #100                  ;2  @155
-    bcc    HexToDec99            ;2³ @157/158
-    iny                          ;2  @159
-    sbc    #100                  ;2  @161
-
-HexToDec99; SUBROUTINE
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @163
-    tax                          ;2  @165
-    lda    ShiftedBcdTab,x       ;4  @169
-    tax                          ;2  @171
-    rol    a                     ;2  @173
-    and    #$0F                  ;2  @175
-    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
-    sta    decOnes               ;3  @178
-    txa                          ;2  @180
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @182
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @184
-    lsr    a                     ;2  @186
-    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
-
-    ; irmen: load X with ones, and store Y and A too, for easy printing afterwards
-    sty  decHundreds
-    sta  decTens
-    ldx  decOnes
-    rts                          ;6  @192   Y=hundreds, A = tens digit, X=ones digit
-
-
-HexToDec999; SUBROUTINE
-    sty    hexLow                ;3  @9
-    jmp    Start100s             ;3  @12
-
-Mod100Tab
-    .byte 0,56,12,56+12
-
-ShiftedBcdTab
-    .byte $00,$01,$02,$03,$04,$08,$09,$0A,$0B,$0C
-    .byte $10,$11,$12,$13,$14,$18,$19,$1A,$1B,$1C
-    .byte $20,$21,$22,$23,$24,$28,$29,$2A,$2B,$2C
-    .byte $30,$31,$32,$33,$34,$38,$39,$3A,$3B,$3C
-    .byte $40,$41,$42,$43,$44,$48,$49,$4A,$4B,$4C
-
-decTenThousands   	.byte  0
-decThousands    	.byte  0
-decHundreds		.byte  0
-decTens			.byte  0
-decOnes   		.byte  0
-			.byte  0		; zero-terminate the decimal output string
-
-    }}
-}
-
-asmsub  byte2decimal  (byte value @A) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
-	; ---- A (signed byte) to decimal string in Y/A/X  (100s in Y, 10s in A, 1s in X)
-	;      note: if the number is negative, you have to deal with the '-' yourself!
-	%asm {{
-		cmp  #0
-		bpl  +
-		eor  #255
-		clc
-		adc  #1
-+		jmp  ubyte2decimal
-	}}
-}
-
-asmsub  ubyte2hex  (ubyte value @A) -> ubyte @A, ubyte @Y  {
-	; ---- A to hex petscii string in AY (first hex char in A, second hex char in Y)
-	%asm {{
-		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		phx
+		ldy  #0
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+_output_byte_digits
+                ; hundreds?
+		cpy  #'0'
+		beq  +
 		pha
-		and  #$0f
-		tax
-		ldy  _hex_digits,x
+		tya
+		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		sta  string_out,y
 		pla
-		lsr  a
-		lsr  a
-		lsr  a
-		lsr  a
-		tax
-		lda  _hex_digits,x
-		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-		rts
-
-_hex_digits	.text "0123456789abcdef"	; can probably be reused for other stuff as well
+		inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+		; tens?
++		ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+                cmp  #'0'
+		beq  +
+		sta  string_out,y
+		iny
++               ; ones.
+                txa
+                sta  string_out,y
+                iny
+                lda  #0
+                sta  string_out,y
+                plx
+                rts
 	}}
 }
 
-asmsub  uword2hex  (uword value @AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
-	; ---- convert 16 bit uword in A/Y into 4-character hexadecimal string 'uword2hex.output' (0-terminated)
+asmsub  str_b  (byte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the byte in A in decimal string form, without left padding 0s
 	%asm {{
-		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-		tya
-		jsr  ubyte2hex
-		sta  output
-		sty  output+1
-		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
-		jsr  ubyte2hex
-		sta  output+2
-		sty  output+3
-		rts
-output		.text  "0000", $00      ; 0-terminated output buffer (to make printing easier)
+            phx
+            ldy  #0
+            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            cmp  #0
+            bpl  +
+            pha
+            lda  #'-'
+            sta  string_out
+            inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            pla
++	    jsr  conv.byte2decimal
+            bra  str_ub._output_byte_digits
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_ubhex  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the ubyte in A in hex string form
+	%asm {{
+            jsr  conv.ubyte2hex
+            sta  string_out
+            sty  string_out+1
+            lda  #0
+            sta  string_out+2
+            rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_ubbin  (ubyte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the ubyte in A in binary string form
+	%asm {{
+	    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+	    ldy  #0
+	    sty  string_out+8
+	    ldy  #7
+-	    lsr  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+            bcc  +
+            lda  #'1'
+            bne  _digit
++           lda  #'0'
+_digit      sta  string_out,y
+            dey
+	    bpl  -
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_uwbin  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the uword in A/Y in binary string form
+	%asm {{
+	    sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+	    tya
+	    jsr  str_ubbin
+	    ldy  #0
+	    sty  string_out+16
+	    ldy  #7
+-	    lsr  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+            bcc  +
+            lda  #'1'
+            bne  _digit
++           lda  #'0'
+_digit      sta  string_out+8,y
+            dey
+	    bpl  -
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_uwhex  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the uword in A/Y in hexadecimal string form (4 digits)
+	%asm {{
+            pha
+            tya
+            jsr  conv.ubyte2hex
+            sta  string_out
+            sty  string_out+1
+            pla
+            jsr  conv.ubyte2hex
+            sta  string_out+2
+            sty  string_out+3
+            lda  #0
+            sta  string_out+4
+            rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_uw0  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the uword in A/Y in decimal string form, with left padding 0s (5 positions total)
+	%asm {{
+	    phx
+	    jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+	    ldy  #0
+-           lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+            sta  string_out,y
+            beq  +
+            iny
+            bne  -
++           plx
+	    rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_uw  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the uword in A/Y in decimal string form, without left padding 0s
+	%asm {{
+	    phx
+	    jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+	    ldx  #0
+_output_digits
+	    ldy  #0
+-           lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+            beq  _allzero
+            cmp  #'0'
+            bne  _gotdigit
+            iny
+            bne  -
+_gotdigit   sta  string_out,x
+            inx
+            iny
+            lda  conv.uword2decimal.decTenThousands,y
+            bne  _gotdigit
+_end        lda  #0
+            sta  string_out,x
+            plx
+            rts
+
+_allzero    lda  #'0'
+            sta  string_out,x
+            inx
+            bne  _end
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  str_w  (word value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert the (signed) word in A/Y in decimal string form, without left padding 0's
+	%asm {{
+	    cpy  #0
+	    bpl  str_uw
+	    phx
+	    pha
+	    lda  #'-'
+	    sta  string_out
+            tya
+            eor  #255
+            tay
+            pla
+            eor  #255
+            clc
+            adc  #1
+            bcc  +
+            iny
++	    jsr  conv.uword2decimal
+	    ldx  #1
+	    bne  str_uw._output_digits
 	}}
 }
 
@@ -520,4 +494,243 @@ _stop
 	}}
 }
 
+
+; ----- low level number conversions to decimal strings ----
+
+asmsub  ubyte2decimal  (ubyte value @A) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
+	; ---- A to decimal string in Y/A/X  (100s in Y, 10s in A, 1s in X)
+	%asm {{
+		ldy  #uword2decimal.ASCII_0_OFFSET
+		bne  uword2decimal.hex_try200
+		rts
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  uword2decimal  (uword value @AY) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
+	;  ---- convert 16 bit uword in A/Y to decimal
+	;  output in uword2decimal.decTenThousands, decThousands, decHundreds, decTens, decOnes
+	;  (these are terminated by a zero byte so they can be easily printed)
+	;  also returns Y = 100's, A = 10's, X = 1's
+
+	%asm {{
+
+;Convert 16 bit Hex to Decimal (0-65535) Rev 2
+;By Omegamatrix    Further optimizations by tepples
+; routine from http://forums.nesdev.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=11341&start=15
+
+;HexToDec99
+; start in A
+; end with A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
+
+;HexToDec255
+; start in A
+; end with Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
+
+;HexToDec999
+; start with A = high byte, Y = low byte
+; end with Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
+; requires 1 extra temp register on top of decOnes, could combine
+; these two if HexToDec65535 was eliminated...
+
+;HexToDec65535
+; start with A/Y (low/high) as 16 bit value
+; end with decTenThousand, decThousand, Y = 100's, A = 10's, decOnes (also in X)
+; (irmen: I store Y and A in decHundreds and decTens too, so all of it can be easily printed)
+
+
+ASCII_0_OFFSET 	= $30
+temp       	    = P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1	; byte in zeropage
+hexHigh      	= P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1	; byte in zeropage
+hexLow       	= P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1	; byte in zeropage
+
+
+HexToDec65535; SUBROUTINE
+    sty    hexHigh               ;3  @9
+    sta    hexLow                ;3  @12
+    tya
+    tax                          ;2  @14
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @16
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @18   integer divide 1024 (result 0-63)
+
+    cpx    #$A7                  ;2  @20   account for overflow of multiplying 24 from 43,000 ($A7F8) onward,
+    adc    #1                    ;2  @22   we can just round it to $A700, and the divide by 1024 is fine...
+
+    ;at this point we have a number 1-65 that we have to times by 24,
+    ;add to original sum, and Mod 1024 to get a remainder 0-999
+
+
+    sta    temp                  ;3  @25
+    asl    a                     ;2  @27
+    adc    temp                  ;3  @30  x3
+    tay                          ;2  @32
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @34
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @36
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @38
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @40
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @42
+    tax                          ;2  @44
+    tya                          ;2  @46
+    asl    a                     ;2  @48
+    asl    a                     ;2  @50
+    asl    a                     ;2  @52
+    clc                          ;2  @54
+    adc    hexLow                ;3  @57
+    sta    hexLow                ;3  @60
+    txa                          ;2  @62
+    adc    hexHigh               ;3  @65
+    sta    hexHigh               ;3  @68
+    ror    a                     ;2  @70
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @72
+    tay                          ;2  @74    integer divide 1,000 (result 0-65)
+
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @76    split the 1,000 and 10,000 digit
+    tax                          ;2  @78
+    lda    ShiftedBcdTab,x       ;4  @82
+    tax                          ;2  @84
+    rol    a                     ;2  @86
+    and    #$0F                  ;2  @88
+    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
+    sta    decThousands          ;3  @91
+    txa                          ;2  @93
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @95
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @97
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @99
+    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
+    sta    decTenThousands       ;3  @102
+
+    lda    hexLow                ;3  @105
+    cpy    temp                  ;3  @108
+    bmi    _doSubtract           ;2³ @110/111
+    beq    _useZero               ;2³ @112/113
+    adc    #23 + 24              ;2  @114
+_doSubtract
+    sbc    #23                   ;2  @116
+    sta    hexLow                ;3  @119
+_useZero
+    lda    hexHigh               ;3  @122
+    sbc    #0                    ;2  @124
+
+Start100s
+    and    #$03                  ;2  @126
+    tax                          ;2  @128   0,1,2,3
+    cmp    #2                    ;2  @130
+    rol    a                     ;2  @132   0,2,5,7
+    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
+    tay                          ;2  @134   Y = Hundreds digit
+
+    lda    hexLow                ;3  @137
+    adc    Mod100Tab,x           ;4  @141    adding remainder of 256, 512, and 256+512 (all mod 100)
+    bcs    hex_doSub200             ;2³ @143/144
+
+hex_try200
+    cmp    #200                  ;2  @145
+    bcc    hex_try100               ;2³ @147/148
+hex_doSub200
+    iny                          ;2  @149
+    iny                          ;2  @151
+    sbc    #200                  ;2  @153
+hex_try100
+    cmp    #100                  ;2  @155
+    bcc    HexToDec99            ;2³ @157/158
+    iny                          ;2  @159
+    sbc    #100                  ;2  @161
+
+HexToDec99; SUBROUTINE
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @163
+    tax                          ;2  @165
+    lda    ShiftedBcdTab,x       ;4  @169
+    tax                          ;2  @171
+    rol    a                     ;2  @173
+    and    #$0F                  ;2  @175
+    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
+    sta    decOnes               ;3  @178
+    txa                          ;2  @180
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @182
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @184
+    lsr    a                     ;2  @186
+    ora    #ASCII_0_OFFSET
+
+    ; irmen: load X with ones, and store Y and A too, for easy printing afterwards
+    sty  decHundreds
+    sta  decTens
+    ldx  decOnes
+    rts                          ;6  @192   Y=hundreds, A = tens digit, X=ones digit
+
+
+HexToDec999; SUBROUTINE
+    sty    hexLow                ;3  @9
+    jmp    Start100s             ;3  @12
+
+Mod100Tab
+    .byte 0,56,12,56+12
+
+ShiftedBcdTab
+    .byte $00,$01,$02,$03,$04,$08,$09,$0A,$0B,$0C
+    .byte $10,$11,$12,$13,$14,$18,$19,$1A,$1B,$1C
+    .byte $20,$21,$22,$23,$24,$28,$29,$2A,$2B,$2C
+    .byte $30,$31,$32,$33,$34,$38,$39,$3A,$3B,$3C
+    .byte $40,$41,$42,$43,$44,$48,$49,$4A,$4B,$4C
+
+decTenThousands   	.byte  0
+decThousands    	.byte  0
+decHundreds		.byte  0
+decTens			.byte  0
+decOnes   		.byte  0
+			.byte  0		; zero-terminate the decimal output string
+
+    }}
+}
+
+asmsub  byte2decimal  (byte value @A) -> ubyte @Y, ubyte @A, ubyte @X  {
+	; ---- A (signed byte) to decimal string in Y/A/X  (100s in Y, 10s in A, 1s in X)
+	;      note: if the number is negative, you have to deal with the '-' yourself!
+	%asm {{
+		cmp  #0
+		bpl  +
+		eor  #255
+		clc
+		adc  #1
++		jmp  ubyte2decimal
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  ubyte2hex  (ubyte value @A) -> ubyte @A, ubyte @Y  {
+	; ---- A to hex petscii string in AY (first hex char in A, second hex char in Y)
+	%asm {{
+		stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		pha
+		and  #$0f
+		tax
+		ldy  _hex_digits,x
+		pla
+		lsr  a
+		lsr  a
+		lsr  a
+		lsr  a
+		tax
+		lda  _hex_digits,x
+		ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		rts
+
+_hex_digits	.text "0123456789abcdef"	; can probably be reused for other stuff as well
+	}}
+}
+
+asmsub  uword2hex  (uword value @AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
+	; ---- convert 16 bit uword in A/Y into 4-character hexadecimal string 'uword2hex.output' (0-terminated)
+	%asm {{
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		tya
+		jsr  ubyte2hex
+		sta  output
+		sty  output+1
+		lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+		jsr  ubyte2hex
+		sta  output+2
+		sty  output+3
+		rts
+output		.text  "0000", $00      ; 0-terminated output buffer (to make printing easier)
+	}}
+}
+
 }

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/floats.p8

@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ asmsub  GIVUAYFAY  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)  {
 	; ---- unsigned 16 bit word in A/Y (lo/hi) to fac1
 	%asm {{
         phx
-        sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+        sta  _tmp
         sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
         tya
-        ldy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+        ldy  _tmp
         jsr  GIVAYF                 ; load it as signed... correct afterwards
         lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
 	    bpl  +
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ asmsub  GIVUAYFAY  (uword value @ AY) clobbers(A,X,Y)  {
 	    jsr  FADD
 +	    plx
         rts
+_tmp        .byte 0
 _flt65536    .byte 145,0,0,0,0       ; 65536.0
 	}}
 }
@@ -128,6 +129,14 @@ asmsub  GETADRAY  () clobbers(X) -> uword @ AY  {
 	}}
 }
 
+asmsub  FREADUY (ubyte value @Y) {
+    ; -- 8 bit unsigned Y -> float in fac1
+    %asm {{
+        lda  #0
+        jmp  GIVAYF
+    }}
+}
+
 sub  print_f  (float value) {
 	; ---- prints the floating point value (without a newline).
 	%asm {{

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/gfx2.p8

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ gfx2 {
     sub screen_mode(ubyte mode) {
         when mode {
             1 -> {
-                ; lores monchrome
+                ; lores monochrome
                 cx16.VERA_DC_VIDEO = (cx16.VERA_DC_VIDEO & %11001111) | %00100000      ; enable only layer 1
                 cx16.VERA_DC_HSCALE = 64
                 cx16.VERA_DC_VSCALE = 64
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ _done
                 ; TODO also mostly usable for lores 4c?
                 void addr_mul_24_for_highres_4c(y, x)      ; 24 bits result is in r0 and r1L (highest byte)
 
-                ; TODO optimize the loop in pure assembly
+                ; TODO optimize this vertical line loop in pure assembly
                 color &= 3
                 color <<= gfx2.plot.shift4c[lsb(x) & 3]
                 ubyte mask = gfx2.plot.mask4c[lsb(x) & 3]
@@ -433,48 +433,46 @@ _done
     sub line(uword @zp x1, uword @zp y1, uword @zp x2, uword @zp y2, ubyte color) {
         ; Bresenham algorithm.
         ; This code special-cases various quadrant loops to allow simple ++ and -- operations.
-        ; TODO there are some slight errors at the first/last pixels in certain slopes...
         if y1>y2 {
             ; make sure dy is always positive to have only 4 instead of 8 special cases
             swap(x1, x2)
             swap(y1, y2)
         }
-        word @zp dx = x2-x1 as word
-        word @zp dy = y2-y1 as word
+        word @zp dx = (x2 as word)-x1
+        word @zp dy = (y2 as word)-y1
 
         if dx==0 {
-            vertical_line(x1, y1, abs(dy)+1 as uword, color)
+            vertical_line(x1, y1, abs(dy) as uword +1, color)
             return
         }
         if dy==0 {
             if x1>x2
                 x1=x2
-            horizontal_line(x1, y1, abs(dx)+1 as uword, color)
+            horizontal_line(x1, y1, abs(dx) as uword +1, color)
             return
         }
 
-        ; TODO rewrite the rest in optimized assembly (or reuse GRAPH_draw_line if we can get the FB replacement vector layer working)
         word @zp d = 0
-        ubyte positive_ix = true
+        cx16.r13 = true      ; 'positive_ix'
         if dx < 0 {
             dx = -dx
-            positive_ix = false
+            cx16.r13 = false
         }
-        dx *= 2
-        dy *= 2
+        word @zp dx2 = dx*2
+        word @zp dy2 = dy*2
         cx16.r14 = x1       ; internal plot X
 
         if dx >= dy {
-            if positive_ix {
+            if cx16.r13 {
                 repeat {
                     plot(cx16.r14, y1, color)
                     if cx16.r14==x2
                         return
                     cx16.r14++
-                    d += dy
+                    d += dy2
                     if d > dx {
                         y1++
-                        d -= dx
+                        d -= dx2
                     }
                 }
             } else {
@@ -483,25 +481,25 @@ _done
                     if cx16.r14==x2
                         return
                     cx16.r14--
-                    d += dy
+                    d += dy2
                     if d > dx {
                         y1++
-                        d -= dx
+                        d -= dx2
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
         else {
-            if positive_ix {
+            if cx16.r13 {
                 repeat {
                     plot(cx16.r14, y1, color)
                     if y1 == y2
                         return
                     y1++
-                    d += dx
+                    d += dx2
                     if d > dy {
                         cx16.r14++
-                        d -= dy
+                        d -= dy2
                     }
                 }
             } else {
@@ -510,10 +508,10 @@ _done
                     if y1 == y2
                         return
                     y1++
-                    d += dx
+                    d += dx2
                     if d > dy {
                         cx16.r14--
-                        d -= dy
+                        d -= dy2
                     }
                 }
             }

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/graphics.p8

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ; Bitmap pixel graphics module for the CommanderX16
 ; wraps the graphics functions that are in ROM.
-; only black/white monchrome 320x200 for now. (i.e. truncated at the bottom)
+; only black/white monochrome 320x200 for now. (i.e. truncated at the bottom)
 ; For full-screen 640x480 or 320x240 graphics, use the "gfx2" module instead. (but that is Cx16-specific)
 ; Note: there is no color palette manipulation here, you have to do that yourself or use the "palette" module.
 

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/syslib.p8

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ romsub $FFAE = UNLSN() clobbers(A)                              ; command serial
 romsub $FFB1 = LISTEN(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)             ; command serial bus device to LISTEN
 romsub $FFB4 = TALK(ubyte device @ A) clobbers(A)               ; command serial bus device to TALK
 romsub $FFB7 = READST() -> ubyte @ A                            ; read I/O status word
-romsub $FFBA = SETLFS(ubyte logical @ A, ubyte device @ X, ubyte address @ Y)   ; set logical file parameters
+romsub $FFBA = SETLFS(ubyte logical @ A, ubyte device @ X, ubyte secondary @ Y)   ; set logical file parameters
 romsub $FFBD = SETNAM(ubyte namelen @ A, str filename @ XY)     ; set filename parameters
 romsub $FFC0 = OPEN() clobbers(X,Y) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @A      ; (via 794 ($31A)) open a logical file
 romsub $FFC3 = CLOSE(ubyte logical @ A) clobbers(A,X,Y)         ; (via 796 ($31C)) close a logical file
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ romsub $FFC9 = CHKOUT(ubyte logical @ X) clobbers(A,X)          ; (via 800 ($320
 romsub $FFCC = CLRCHN() clobbers(A,X)                           ; (via 802 ($322)) restore default devices
 romsub $FFCF = CHRIN() clobbers(X, Y) -> ubyte @ A   ; (via 804 ($324)) input a character (for keyboard, read a whole line from the screen) A=byte read.
 romsub $FFD2 = CHROUT(ubyte char @ A)                           ; (via 806 ($326)) output a character
-romsub $FFD5 = LOAD(ubyte verify @ A, uword address @ XY) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A, ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y     ; (via 816 ($330)) load from device
-romsub $FFD8 = SAVE(ubyte zp_startaddr @ A, uword endaddr @ XY) -> ubyte @ Pc, ubyte @ A                    ; (via 818 ($332)) save to a device
+romsub $FFD5 = LOAD(ubyte verify @ A, uword address @ XY) -> ubyte @Pc, ubyte @ A, uword @ XY     ; (via 816 ($330)) load from device
+romsub $FFD8 = SAVE(ubyte zp_startaddr @ A, uword endaddr @ XY) -> ubyte @ Pc, ubyte @ A          ; (via 818 ($332)) save to a device
 romsub $FFDB = SETTIM(ubyte low @ A, ubyte middle @ X, ubyte high @ Y)      ; set the software clock
 romsub $FFDE = RDTIM() -> ubyte @ A, ubyte @ X, ubyte @ Y       ; read the software clock
 romsub $FFE1 = STOP() clobbers(X) -> ubyte @ Pz, ubyte @ A      ; (via 808 ($328)) check the STOP key (and some others in A)
@@ -350,75 +350,115 @@ asmsub vaddr(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte addrsel @R1, byte autoIncrO
 }
 
 asmsub vpoke(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte value @Y) clobbers(A) {
-        ; -- write a single byte to VERA's video memory
-        ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
-        %asm {{
-            stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
-            and  #1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
-            lda  cx16.r0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
-            lda  cx16.r0+1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
-            sty  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            rts
-        }}
+    ; -- write a single byte to VERA's video memory
+    ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
+    %asm {{
+        stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
+        and  #1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
+        lda  cx16.r0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
+        lda  cx16.r0+1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
+        sty  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        rts
+    }}
 }
 
 asmsub vpoke_or(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte value @Y) clobbers (A) {
-        ; -- or a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
-        ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
-        %asm {{
-            stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
-            and  #1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
-            lda  cx16.r0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
-            lda  cx16.r0+1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
-            tya
-            ora  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            rts
-        }}
+    ; -- or a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
+    ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
+    %asm {{
+        stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
+        and  #1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
+        lda  cx16.r0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
+        lda  cx16.r0+1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
+        tya
+        ora  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        rts
+    }}
 }
 
 asmsub vpoke_and(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte value @Y) clobbers(A) {
-        ; -- and a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
-        ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
-        %asm {{
-            stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
-            and  #1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
-            lda  cx16.r0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
-            lda  cx16.r0+1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
-            tya
-            and  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            rts
-        }}
+    ; -- and a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
+    ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
+    %asm {{
+        stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
+        and  #1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
+        lda  cx16.r0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
+        lda  cx16.r0+1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
+        tya
+        and  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        rts
+    }}
 }
 
 asmsub vpoke_xor(ubyte bank @A, uword address @R0, ubyte value @Y) clobbers (A) {
-        ; -- xor a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
-        ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
-        %asm {{
-            stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
-            and  #1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
-            lda  cx16.r0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
-            lda  cx16.r0+1
-            sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
-            tya
-            eor  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
-            rts
-        }}
+    ; -- xor a single byte to the value already in the VERA's video memory at that location
+    ;    note: inefficient when writing multiple sequential bytes!
+    %asm {{
+        stz  cx16.VERA_CTRL
+        and  #1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_H
+        lda  cx16.r0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_L
+        lda  cx16.r0+1
+        sta  cx16.VERA_ADDR_M
+        tya
+        eor  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        sta  cx16.VERA_DATA0
+        rts
+    }}
 }
 
+asmsub vload(str name @R0, ubyte device @Y, ubyte bank @A, uword address @R1) -> ubyte @A {
+    ; -- like the basic command VLOAD "filename",device,bank,address
+    ;    loads a file into video memory in the given bank:address, returns success in A
+    ;    !! NOTE !! the V38 ROMs contain a bug in the LOAD code that makes the load address not work correctly,
+    ;               it works fine when loading from local filesystem
+    %asm {{
+        ; -- load a file into video ram
+        phx
+        pha
+        tya
+        tax
+        lda  #1
+        ldy  #0
+        jsr  c64.SETLFS
+        lda  cx16.r0
+        ldy  cx16.r0+1
+        jsr  prog8_lib.strlen
+        tya
+        ldx  cx16.r0
+        ldy  cx16.r0+1
+        jsr  c64.SETNAM
+        pla
+        clc
+        adc  #2
+        ldx  cx16.r1
+        ldy  cx16.r1+1
+        stz  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+        jsr  c64.LOAD
+        bcs  +
+        inc  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
++       jsr  c64.CLRCHN
+        lda  #1
+        jsr  c64.CLOSE
+        plx
+        lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
+        rts
+    }}
+}
+
+
 sub FB_set_pixels_from_buf(uword buffer, uword count) {
     %asm {{
             ; -- This is replacement code for the normal FB_set_pixels subroutine in ROM

compiler/res/prog8lib/cx16/textio.p8

@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ _print_byte_digits
 		jsr  c64.CHROUT
 		pla
 		jsr  c64.CHROUT
-		jmp  _ones
+		bra  _ones
 +       pla
         cmp  #'0'
         beq  _ones
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ asmsub  print_b  (byte value @ A) clobbers(A,Y)  {
 		jsr  c64.CHROUT
 +		pla
 		jsr  conv.byte2decimal
-		jmp  print_ub._print_byte_digits
+		bra  print_ub._print_byte_digits
 	}}
 }
 
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ asmsub  print_uwbin  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
 		jsr  print_ubbin
 		pla
 		clc
-		jmp  print_ubbin
+		bra  print_ubbin
 	}}
 }
 
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ asmsub  print_uwhex  (uword value @ AY, ubyte prefix @ Pc) clobbers(A,Y)  {
 		jsr  print_ubhex
 		pla
 		clc
-		jmp  print_ubhex
+		bra  print_ubhex
 	}}
 }
 
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ asmsub  print_w  (word value @ AY) clobbers(A,Y)  {
 		adc  #1
 		bcc  +
 		iny
-+		jmp  print_uw
++		bra  print_uw
 	}}
 }
 

compiler/res/prog8lib/math.asm

@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@ randseed	.proc
 		.pend
 
 
-randbyte	.proc
-	; -- 8-bit pseudo random number generator into A
+fast_randbyte	.proc
+	; -- fast but bad 8-bit pseudo random number generator into A
 		lda  _seed
 		beq  _eor
 		asl  a
@@ -263,6 +263,10 @@ _seed		.byte  $3a
 
 		.pend
 
+randbyte        .proc
+	; -- 8 bit pseudo random number generator into A (by just reusing randword)
+		jmp  randword
+		.pend
 
 randword	.proc
 	; -- 16 bit pseudo random number generator into AY
@@ -1537,3 +1541,71 @@ _negative	lsr  a
 		rts
 		.pend
 
+
+square          .proc
+; -- calculate square root of signed word in AY, result in AY
+; routine by Lee Davsion, source: http://6502.org/source/integers/square.htm
+; using this routine is about twice as fast as doing a regular multiplication.
+;
+; Calculates the 16 bit unsigned integer square of the signed 16 bit integer in
+; Numberl/Numberh.  The result is always in the range 0 to 65025 and is held in
+; Squarel/Squareh
+;
+; The maximum input range is only +/-255 and no checking is done to ensure that
+; this is so.
+;
+; This routine is useful if you are trying to draw circles as for any circle
+;
+; x^2+y^2=r^2 where x and y are the co-ordinates of any point on the circle and
+; r is the circle radius
+
+numberl = P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1       ; number to square low byte
+numberh = P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1     ; number to square high byte
+squarel = P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2       ; square low byte
+squareh = P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1     ; square high byte
+tempsq = P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1        ; temp byte for intermediate result
+
+	sta  numberl
+	sty  numberh
+	stx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+
+        lda     #$00        ; clear a
+        sta     squarel     ; clear square low byte
+                            ; (no need to clear the high byte, it gets shifted out)
+        lda	numberl     ; get number low byte
+	ldx	numberh     ; get number high  byte
+	bpl	_nonneg      ; if +ve don't negate it
+                            ; else do a two's complement
+	eor	#$ff        ; invert
+        sec	            ; +1
+	adc	#$00        ; and add it
+
+_nonneg:
+	sta	tempsq      ; save abs(number)
+	ldx	#$08        ; set bit count
+
+_nextr2bit:
+	asl	squarel     ; low byte *2
+	rol	squareh     ; high byte *2+carry from low
+	asl	a           ; shift number byte
+	bcc	_nosqadd     ; don't do add if c = 0
+	tay                 ; save a
+	clc                 ; clear carry for add
+	lda	tempsq      ; get number
+	adc	squarel     ; add number^2 low byte
+	sta	squarel     ; save number^2 low byte
+	lda	#$00        ; clear a
+	adc	squareh     ; add number^2 high byte
+	sta	squareh     ; save number^2 high byte
+	tya                 ; get a back
+
+_nosqadd:
+	dex                 ; decrement bit count
+	bne	_nextr2bit   ; go do next bit
+
+	lda  squarel
+	ldy  squareh
+	ldx  P8ZP_SCRATCH_REG
+	rts
+
+		.pend

compiler/res/prog8lib/prog8_funcs.asm

@@ -387,6 +387,14 @@ func_sqrt16_into_A	.proc
 		rts
 		.pend
 
+func_fastrnd8_stack	.proc
+	; -- put a random ubyte on the estack (using fast but bad RNG)
+		jsr  math.fast_randbyte
+		sta  P8ESTACK_LO,x
+		dex
+		rts
+		.pend
+
 func_rnd_stack	.proc
 	; -- put a random ubyte on the estack
 		jsr  math.randbyte
@@ -432,6 +440,7 @@ func_min_ub_stack	.proc
 func_min_b_into_A	.proc
 		; -- min(barray) -> A.  (array in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1, num elements in A)
 		tay
+		dey
 		lda  #127
 		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
 -		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
@@ -548,6 +557,7 @@ func_min_w_stack	.proc
 func_max_ub_into_A	.proc
 		; -- max(ubarray) -> A  (array in P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1, num elements in A)
 		tay
+		dey
 		lda  #0
 		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1
 -		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y

compiler/res/prog8lib/prog8_lib.asm

@@ -1072,3 +1072,14 @@ sign_extend_AY_byte	.proc
 		rts
 		.pend
 
+strlen          .proc
+        ; -- returns the number of bytes in the string in AY, in Y.
+		sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+		sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+		ldy  #0
+-		lda  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y
+		beq  +
+		iny
+		bne  -
++		rts
+		.pend

compiler/res/version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-6.2
+6.4

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger.kt

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstModification
+import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
 import prog8.compiler.target.ICompilationTarget
 
 
@@ -154,16 +155,6 @@ internal class BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger(val program: Program, val errors: I
         // The only place for now where we can do this is for:
         //    asmsub register pair parameter.
 
-        if(typecast.type in WordDatatypes) {
-            val fcall = typecast.parent as? IFunctionCall
-            if (fcall != null) {
-                val sub = fcall.target.targetStatement(program) as? Subroutine
-                if (sub != null && sub.isAsmSubroutine) {
-                    return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(typecast, typecast.expression, parent))
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         if(sourceDt in PassByReferenceDatatypes) {
             if(typecast.type==DataType.UWORD) {
                 if(typecast.expression is IdentifierReference) {
@@ -216,4 +207,93 @@ internal class BeforeAsmGenerationAstChanger(val program: Program, val errors: I
         }
         return noModifications
     }
+
+    override fun after(functionCallStatement: FunctionCallStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+        if(functionCallStatement.target.nameInSource==listOf("cmp")) {
+            // if the datatype of the arguments of cmp() are different, cast the byte one to word.
+            val arg1 = functionCallStatement.args[0]
+            val arg2 = functionCallStatement.args[1]
+            val dt1 = arg1.inferType(program).typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
+            val dt2 = arg2.inferType(program).typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
+            if(dt1 in ByteDatatypes) {
+                if(dt2 in ByteDatatypes)
+                    return noModifications
+                val cast1 = TypecastExpression(arg1, if(dt1==DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, true, functionCallStatement.position)
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg1, cast1, functionCallStatement))
+            } else {
+                if(dt2 in WordDatatypes)
+                    return noModifications
+                val cast2 = TypecastExpression(arg2, if(dt2==DataType.UBYTE) DataType.UWORD else DataType.WORD, true, functionCallStatement.position)
+                return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(arg2, cast2, functionCallStatement))
+            }
+        }
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    override fun after(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
+
+        val containingStatement = getContainingStatement(arrayIndexedExpression)
+        if(getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(containingStatement).size > 1) {
+            errors.err("it's not possible to use more than one complex array indexing expression in a single statement; break it up via a temporary variable for instance", containingStatement.position)
+            return noModifications
+        }
+
+
+        val index = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
+        if(index !is NumericLiteralValue && index !is IdentifierReference) {
+            // replace complex indexing expression with a temp variable to hold the computed index first
+            return getAutoIndexerVarFor(arrayIndexedExpression)
+        }
+
+        return noModifications
+    }
+
+    private fun getComplexArrayIndexedExpressions(stmt: Statement): List<ArrayIndexedExpression> {
+
+        class Searcher : IAstVisitor {
+            val complexArrayIndexedExpressions = mutableListOf<ArrayIndexedExpression>()
+            override fun visit(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression) {
+                val ix = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr
+                if(ix !is NumericLiteralValue && ix !is IdentifierReference)
+                    complexArrayIndexedExpressions.add(arrayIndexedExpression)
+            }
+
+            override fun visit(branchStatement: BranchStatement) {}
+
+            override fun visit(forLoop: ForLoop) {}
+
+            override fun visit(ifStatement: IfStatement) {
+                ifStatement.condition.accept(this)
+            }
+
+            override fun visit(untilLoop: UntilLoop) {
+                untilLoop.condition.accept(this)
+            }
+        }
+
+        val searcher = Searcher()
+        stmt.accept(searcher)
+        return searcher.complexArrayIndexedExpressions
+    }
+
+    private fun getContainingStatement(expression: Expression): Statement {
+        var node: Node = expression
+        while(node !is Statement)
+            node = node.parent
+
+        return node
+    }
+
+    private fun getAutoIndexerVarFor(expr: ArrayIndexedExpression): MutableList<IAstModification> {
+        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
+        val statement = expr.containingStatement()
+        // replace the indexer with just the variable (simply use a cx16 virtual register r9, that we HOPE is not used for other things in the expression...)
+        // assign the indexing expression to the helper variable, but only if that hasn't been done already
+        val target = AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(listOf("cx16", "r9"), expr.indexer.position), null, null, expr.indexer.position)
+        val assign = Assignment(target, expr.indexer.indexExpr, expr.indexer.position)
+        modifications.add(IAstModification.InsertBefore(statement, assign, statement.definingScope()))
+        modifications.add(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(expr.indexer.indexExpr, target.identifier!!.copy(), expr.indexer))
+        return modifications
+    }
+
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/Compiler.kt

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ private class BuiltinFunctionsFacade(functions: Map<String, FSignature>): IBuilt
                 }
             }
             else if(func.known_returntype==null)
-                throw IllegalArgumentException("builtin function $name can't be used here because it doesn't return a value")
+                return null  // builtin function $name can't be used here because it doesn't return a value
         }
         return null
     }
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ private fun writeAssembly(programAst: Program,
                           errors: IErrorReporter,
                           outputDir: Path,
                           compilerOptions: CompilationOptions): String {
-    // asm generation directly from the Ast,
+    // asm generation directly from the Ast
     programAst.processAstBeforeAsmGeneration(errors, compilerOptions.compTarget)
     errors.report()
 

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/AstChecker.kt

@@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             err("subroutines can only have one return value")
 
         // subroutine must contain at least one 'return' or 'goto'
-        // (or if it has an asm block, that must contain a 'rts' or 'jmp')
+        // (or if it has an asm block, that must contain a 'rts' or 'jmp' or 'bra')
         if(subroutine.statements.count { it is Return || it is Jump } == 0) {
             if (subroutine.amountOfRtsInAsm() == 0) {
                 if (subroutine.returntypes.isNotEmpty()) {
                     // for asm subroutines with an address, no statement check is possible.
                     if (subroutine.asmAddress == null && !subroutine.inline)
-                        err("non-inline subroutine has result value(s) and thus must have at least one 'return' or 'goto' in it (or 'rts' / 'jmp' in case of %asm)")
+                        err("non-inline subroutine has result value(s) and thus must have at least one 'return' or 'goto' in it (or rts/jmp/bra in case of %asm)")
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
                 if(!idt.isKnown) {
                      errors.err("return type mismatch", assignment.value.position)
                 }
-                if(stmt.returntypes.size <= 1 && stmt.returntypes.single() isNotAssignableTo idt.typeOrElse(DataType.BYTE)) {
+                if(stmt.returntypes.isEmpty() || (stmt.returntypes.size == 1 && stmt.returntypes.single() isNotAssignableTo idt.typeOrElse(DataType.BYTE))) {
                     errors.err("return type mismatch", assignment.value.position)
                 }
             }
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
         fun err(msg: String, position: Position?=null) = errors.err(msg, position ?: decl.position)
 
         // the initializer value can't refer to the variable itself (recursive definition)
-        if(decl.value?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true || decl.arraysize?.indexVar?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true)
+        if(decl.value?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true || decl.arraysize?.indexExpr?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true)
             err("recursive var declaration")
 
         // CONST can only occur on simple types (byte, word, float)
@@ -953,6 +953,20 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             }
         }
 
+        // functions that don't return a value, can't be used in an expression or assignment
+        if(targetStatement is Subroutine) {
+            if(targetStatement.returntypes.isEmpty()) {
+                if(functionCall.parent is Expression || functionCall.parent is Assignment)
+                    errors.err("subroutine doesn't return a value", functionCall.position)
+            }
+        }
+        else if(targetStatement is BuiltinFunctionStatementPlaceholder) {
+            if(builtinFunctionReturnType(targetStatement.name, functionCall.args, program).isUnknown) {
+                if(functionCall.parent is Expression || functionCall.parent is Assignment)
+                    errors.err("function doesn't return a value", functionCall.position)
+            }
+        }
+
         super.visit(functionCall)
     }
 
@@ -1111,15 +1125,9 @@ internal class AstChecker(private val program: Program,
             errors.err("indexing requires a variable to act upon", arrayIndexedExpression.position)
 
         // check index value 0..255
-        val dtxNum = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexNum?.inferType(program)?.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
-        if(dtxNum!=null && dtxNum != DataType.UBYTE && dtxNum != DataType.BYTE)
+        val dtxNum = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr.inferType(program)
+        if(!dtxNum.istype(DataType.UBYTE) && !dtxNum.istype(DataType.BYTE))
             errors.err("array indexing is limited to byte size 0..255", arrayIndexedExpression.position)
-        val dtxVar = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexVar?.inferType(program)?.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
-        if(dtxVar!=null && dtxVar != DataType.UBYTE && dtxVar != DataType.BYTE)
-            errors.err("array indexing is limited to byte size 0..255", arrayIndexedExpression.position)
-
-        if(arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.origExpression!=null)
-            throw FatalAstException("array indexer should have been replaced with a temp var @ ${arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.position}")
 
         super.visit(arrayIndexedExpression)
     }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/astprocessing/StatementReorderer.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package prog8.compiler.astprocessing
 
-import prog8.ast.*
+import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
+import prog8.ast.Module
+import prog8.ast.Node
+import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
@@ -89,8 +92,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
         if(arrayVar!=null && arrayVar.datatype ==  DataType.UWORD) {
             // rewrite   pointervar[index]  into  @(pointervar+index)
             val indexer = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer
-            val index = (indexer.indexNum ?: indexer.indexVar)!!
-            val add = BinaryExpression(arrayIndexedExpression.arrayvar, "+", index, arrayIndexedExpression.position)
+            val add = BinaryExpression(arrayIndexedExpression.arrayvar, "+", indexer.indexExpr, arrayIndexedExpression.position)
             return if(parent is AssignTarget) {
                 // we're part of the target of an assignment, we have to actually change the assign target itself
                 val memwrite = DirectMemoryWrite(add, arrayIndexedExpression.position)
@@ -102,23 +104,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
             }
         }
 
-        when (val expr2 = arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.origExpression) {
-            is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexNum = expr2
-                arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.origExpression = null
-                return noModifications
-            }
-            is IdentifierReference -> {
-                arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexVar = expr2
-                arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.origExpression = null
-                return noModifications
-            }
-            is Expression -> {
-                // replace complex indexing with a temp variable
-                return getAutoIndexerVarFor(arrayIndexedExpression)
-            }
-            else -> return noModifications
-        }
+        return noModifications
     }
 
     override fun after(expr: BinaryExpression, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
@@ -202,38 +188,6 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    private fun getAutoIndexerVarFor(expr: ArrayIndexedExpression): MutableList<IAstModification> {
-        val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-        val subroutine = expr.definingSubroutine()!!
-        val statement = expr.containingStatement()
-        val indexerVarPrefix = "prog8_autovar_index_"
-        val repo = subroutine.asmGenInfo.usedAutoArrayIndexerForStatements
-
-        // TODO make this a bit smarter so it can reuse indexer variables. BUT BEWARE of scoping+initialization problems then
-        // add another loop index var to be used for this expression
-        val indexerVarName = "$indexerVarPrefix${expr.indexer.hashCode()}"
-        val indexerVar = AsmGenInfo.ArrayIndexerInfo(indexerVarName, expr.indexer)
-        repo.add(indexerVar)
-        // create the indexer var at block level scope
-        val vardecl = VarDecl(VarDeclType.VAR, DataType.UBYTE, ZeropageWish.PREFER_ZEROPAGE,
-                null, indexerVarName, null, null, isArray = false, autogeneratedDontRemove = true, position = expr.position)
-        modifications.add(IAstModification.InsertFirst(vardecl, subroutine))
-
-        // replace the indexer with just the variable
-        // assign the indexing expression to the helper variable, but only if that hasn't been done already
-        val indexerExpression = expr.indexer.origExpression!!
-        val target = AssignTarget(IdentifierReference(listOf(indexerVar.name), indexerExpression.position), null, null, indexerExpression.position)
-        val assign = Assignment(target, indexerExpression, indexerExpression.position)
-        modifications.add(IAstModification.InsertBefore(statement, assign, statement.definingScope()))
-        modifications.add(IAstModification.SetExpression( {
-            expr.indexer.indexVar = it as IdentifierReference
-            expr.indexer.indexNum = null
-            expr.indexer.origExpression = null
-        }, target.identifier!!.copy(), expr.indexer))
-
-        return modifications
-    }
-
     override fun after(whenStatement: WhenStatement, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val choices = whenStatement.choiceValues(program).sortedBy {
             it.first?.first() ?: Int.MAX_VALUE
@@ -268,32 +222,23 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
     override fun before(assignment: Assignment, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         val valueType = assignment.value.inferType(program)
         val targetType = assignment.target.inferType(program)
-        var assignments = emptyList<Assignment>()
 
         if(targetType.istype(DataType.STRUCT) && (valueType.istype(DataType.STRUCT) || valueType.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT) in ArrayDatatypes )) {
-            assignments = if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteralValue) {
-                flattenStructAssignmentFromStructLiteral(assignment)    //  'structvar = [ ..... ] '
+            if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteralValue) {
+                errors.err("cannot assign non-const array value, use separate assignment per field", assignment.position)
             } else {
-                flattenStructAssignmentFromIdentifier(assignment)    //   'structvar1 = structvar2'
+                return copyStructValue(assignment)
             }
         }
 
         if(targetType.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT) in ArrayDatatypes && valueType.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT) in ArrayDatatypes ) {
-            assignments = if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteralValue) {
-                flattenArrayAssignmentFromArrayLiteral(assignment)    //  'arrayvar = [ ..... ] '
+            if (assignment.value is ArrayLiteralValue) {
+                errors.err("cannot assign non-const array value, use separate assignment per element", assignment.position)
             } else {
-                flattenArrayAssignmentFromIdentifier(assignment)    //   'arrayvar1 = arrayvar2'
+                return copyArrayValue(assignment)
             }
         }
 
-        if(assignments.isNotEmpty()) {
-            val modifications = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
-            val scope = assignment.definingScope()
-            assignments.reversed().mapTo(modifications) { IAstModification.InsertAfter(assignment, it, scope) }
-            modifications.add(IAstModification.Remove(assignment, scope))
-            return modifications
-        }
-
         return noModifications
     }
 
@@ -346,114 +291,98 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
         return noModifications
     }
 
-    private fun flattenArrayAssignmentFromArrayLiteral(assign: Assignment): List<Assignment> {
+    private fun copyArrayValue(assign: Assignment): List<IAstModification> {
         val identifier = assign.target.identifier!!
         val targetVar = identifier.targetVarDecl(program)!!
-        val alv = assign.value as? ArrayLiteralValue
-        return flattenArrayAssign(targetVar, alv, identifier, assign.position)
-    }
 
-    private fun flattenArrayAssignmentFromIdentifier(assign: Assignment): List<Assignment> {
-        val identifier = assign.target.identifier!!
-        val targetVar = identifier.targetVarDecl(program)!!
+        if(targetVar.arraysize==null)
+            errors.err("array has no defined size", assign.position)
+
+        if(assign.value !is IdentifierReference) {
+            errors.err("invalid array value to assign to other array", assign.value.position)
+            return noModifications
+        }
         val sourceIdent = assign.value as IdentifierReference
         val sourceVar = sourceIdent.targetVarDecl(program)!!
         if(!sourceVar.isArray) {
-            errors.err("value must be an array",  sourceIdent.position)
-            return emptyList()
+            errors.err("value must be an array", sourceIdent.position)
+        } else {
+            if (sourceVar.arraysize!!.constIndex() != targetVar.arraysize!!.constIndex())
+                errors.err("element count mismatch", assign.position)
+            if (sourceVar.datatype != targetVar.datatype)
+                errors.err("element type mismatch", assign.position)
         }
-        val alv = sourceVar.value as? ArrayLiteralValue
-        return flattenArrayAssign(targetVar, alv, identifier, assign.position)
+
+        if(!errors.isEmpty())
+            return noModifications
+
+        val memcopy = FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("sys", "memcopy"), assign.position),
+            mutableListOf(
+                AddressOf(sourceIdent, assign.position),
+                AddressOf(identifier, assign.position),
+                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(targetVar.arraysize!!.constIndex()!!, assign.position)
+            ),
+            true,
+            assign.position
+        )
+        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(assign, memcopy, assign.parent))
     }
 
-    private fun flattenArrayAssign(targetVar: VarDecl, alv: ArrayLiteralValue?, identifier: IdentifierReference, position: Position): List<Assignment> {
-        if(targetVar.arraysize==null) {
-            errors.err("array has no defined size", identifier.position)
-            return emptyList()
-        }
-
-        if(alv==null || alv.value.size != targetVar.arraysize!!.constIndex()) {
-            errors.err("element count mismatch", position)
-            return emptyList()
-        }
-
-        // TODO use memcopy instead of individual assignments after certain amount of elements
-        // TODO what does assigning a struct var use?
-        return alv.value.mapIndexed { index, value ->
-            val idx = ArrayIndexedExpression(identifier, ArrayIndex(NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, index, position), position), position)
-            Assignment(AssignTarget(null, idx, null, position), value, value.position)
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun flattenStructAssignmentFromStructLiteral(structAssignment: Assignment): List<Assignment> {
+    private fun copyStructValue(structAssignment: Assignment): List<IAstModification> {
         val identifier = structAssignment.target.identifier!!
-        val identifierName = identifier.nameInSource.single()
-        val targetVar = identifier.targetVarDecl(program)!!
-        val struct = targetVar.struct!!
-
-        val slv = structAssignment.value as? ArrayLiteralValue
-        if(slv==null || slv.value.size != struct.numberOfElements) {
-            errors.err("element count mismatch", structAssignment.position)
-            return emptyList()
-        }
-
-        return struct.statements.zip(slv.value).map { (targetDecl, sourceValue) ->
-            targetDecl as VarDecl
-            val mangled = mangledStructMemberName(identifierName, targetDecl.name)
-            val idref = IdentifierReference(listOf(mangled), structAssignment.position)
-            val assign = Assignment(AssignTarget(idref, null, null, structAssignment.position),
-                    sourceValue, sourceValue.position)
-            assign.linkParents(structAssignment)
-            assign
-        }
-    }
-
-    private fun flattenStructAssignmentFromIdentifier(structAssignment: Assignment): List<Assignment> {
-        // TODO use memcopy beyond a certain number of elements
-        val identifier = structAssignment.target.identifier!!
-        val identifierName = identifier.nameInSource.single()
         val targetVar = identifier.targetVarDecl(program)!!
         val struct = targetVar.struct!!
         when (structAssignment.value) {
             is IdentifierReference -> {
                 val sourceVar = (structAssignment.value as IdentifierReference).targetVarDecl(program)!!
+                val memsize = struct.memsize(program.memsizer)
                 when {
                     sourceVar.struct!=null -> {
                         // struct memberwise copy
                         val sourceStruct = sourceVar.struct!!
                         if(sourceStruct!==targetVar.struct) {
-                            // structs are not the same in assignment
-                            return listOf()     // error will be printed elsewhere
+                            errors.err("struct type mismatch", structAssignment.position)
+                            return listOf()
                         }
-                        if(struct.statements.size!=sourceStruct.statements.size)
-                            return listOf()     // error will be printed elsewhere
-                        return struct.statements.zip(sourceStruct.statements).map { member ->
-                            val targetDecl = member.first as VarDecl
-                            val sourceDecl = member.second as VarDecl
-                            if(targetDecl.name != sourceDecl.name)
-                                throw FatalAstException("struct member mismatch")
-                            val mangled = mangledStructMemberName(identifierName, targetDecl.name)
-                            val idref = IdentifierReference(listOf(mangled), structAssignment.position)
-                            val sourcemangled = mangledStructMemberName(sourceVar.name, sourceDecl.name)
-                            val sourceIdref = IdentifierReference(listOf(sourcemangled), structAssignment.position)
-                            val assign = Assignment(AssignTarget(idref, null, null, structAssignment.position), sourceIdref, member.second.position)
-                            assign.linkParents(structAssignment)
-                            assign
+                        if(struct.statements.size!=sourceStruct.statements.size) {
+                            errors.err("struct element count mismatch", structAssignment.position)
+                            return listOf()
                         }
+                        if(memsize!=sourceStruct.memsize(program.memsizer)) {
+                            errors.err("memory size mismatch", structAssignment.position)
+                            return listOf()
+                        }
+                        val memcopy = FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("sys", "memcopy"), structAssignment.position),
+                            mutableListOf(
+                                AddressOf(structAssignment.value as IdentifierReference, structAssignment.position),
+                                AddressOf(identifier, structAssignment.position),
+                                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(memsize, structAssignment.position)
+                            ),
+                            true,
+                            structAssignment.position
+                        )
+                        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(structAssignment, memcopy, structAssignment.parent))
                     }
                     sourceVar.isArray -> {
-                        val array = (sourceVar.value as ArrayLiteralValue).value
-                        if(struct.statements.size!=array.size)
-                            return listOf()     // error will be printed elsewhere
-                        return struct.statements.zip(array).map {
-                            val decl = it.first as VarDecl
-                            val mangled = mangledStructMemberName(identifierName, decl.name)
-                            val targetName = IdentifierReference(listOf(mangled), structAssignment.position)
-                            val target = AssignTarget(targetName, null, null, structAssignment.position)
-                            val assign = Assignment(target, it.second, structAssignment.position)
-                            assign.linkParents(structAssignment)
-                            assign
+                        val array = sourceVar.value as ArrayLiteralValue
+                        if(struct.statements.size!=array.value.size) {
+                            errors.err("struct element count mismatch", structAssignment.position)
+                            return listOf()
                         }
+                        if(memsize!=array.memsize(program.memsizer)) {
+                            errors.err("memory size mismatch", structAssignment.position)
+                            return listOf()
+                        }
+                        val memcopy = FunctionCallStatement(IdentifierReference(listOf("sys", "memcopy"), structAssignment.position),
+                            mutableListOf(
+                                AddressOf(structAssignment.value as IdentifierReference, structAssignment.position),
+                                AddressOf(identifier, structAssignment.position),
+                                NumericLiteralValue.optimalInteger(memsize, structAssignment.position)
+                            ),
+                            true,
+                            structAssignment.position
+                        )
+                        return listOf(IAstModification.ReplaceNode(structAssignment, memcopy, structAssignment.parent))
                     }
                     else -> {
                         throw FatalAstException("can only assign arrays or structs to structs")
@@ -461,7 +390,7 @@ internal class StatementReorderer(val program: Program, val errors: IErrorReport
                 }
             }
             is ArrayLiteralValue -> {
-                throw IllegalArgumentException("not going to flatten a structLv assignment here")
+                throw IllegalArgumentException("not going to do a structLv assignment here")
             }
             else -> throw FatalAstException("strange struct value")
         }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/functions/BuiltinFunctions.kt

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ private val functionSignatures: List<FSignature> = listOf(
     FSignature("ror2"        , false, listOf(FParam("item", setOf(DataType.UBYTE, DataType.UWORD))), null),
     FSignature("sort"        , false, listOf(FParam("array", ArrayDatatypes)), null),
     FSignature("reverse"     , false, listOf(FParam("array", ArrayDatatypes)), null),
+    FSignature("cmp"         , false, listOf(FParam("value1", IntegerDatatypes), FParam("value2", NumericDatatypes)), null),
         // these few have a return value depending on the argument(s):
     FSignature("max"         , true, listOf(FParam("values", ArrayDatatypes)), null) { a, p, prg, ct -> collectionArg(a, p, prg, ::builtinMax) },    // type depends on args
     FSignature("min"         , true, listOf(FParam("values", ArrayDatatypes)), null) { a, p, prg, ct -> collectionArg(a, p, prg, ::builtinMin) },    // type depends on args
@@ -137,6 +138,7 @@ private val functionSignatures: List<FSignature> = listOf(
     FSignature("peekw"       , true, listOf(FParam("address", setOf(DataType.UWORD))), DataType.UWORD),
     FSignature("poke"        , false, listOf(FParam("address", setOf(DataType.UWORD)), FParam("value", setOf(DataType.UBYTE))), null),
     FSignature("pokew"       , false, listOf(FParam("address", setOf(DataType.UWORD)), FParam("value", setOf(DataType.UWORD))), null),
+    FSignature("fastrnd8"    , false, emptyList(), DataType.UBYTE),
     FSignature("rnd"         , false, emptyList(), DataType.UBYTE),
     FSignature("rndw"        , false, emptyList(), DataType.UWORD),
     FSignature("rndf"        , false, emptyList(), DataType.FLOAT),
@@ -320,8 +322,7 @@ private fun builtinSizeof(args: List<Expression>, position: Position, program: P
         val target = (args[0] as IdentifierReference).targetStatement(program)
                 ?: throw CannotEvaluateException("sizeof", "no target")
 
-        fun structSize(target: StructDecl) =
-                NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, target.statements.map { memsizer.memorySize((it as VarDecl).datatype) }.sum(), position)
+        fun structSize(target: StructDecl) = NumericLiteralValue(DataType.UBYTE, target.memsize(memsizer), position)
 
         return when {
             dt.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT) in ArrayDatatypes -> {

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/ICompilationTarget.kt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import prog8.compiler.IErrorReporter
 import prog8.compiler.Zeropage
 import prog8.compiler.target.c64.C64MachineDefinition
 import prog8.compiler.target.c64.Petscii
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.AsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
 import prog8.compiler.target.cx16.CX16MachineDefinition
 import java.nio.file.Path
 
@@ -114,5 +114,6 @@ internal fun asmGeneratorFor(
     outputDir: Path
 ): IAssemblyGenerator
 {
+    // at the moment we only have one code generation backend (for 6502 and 65c02)
     return AsmGen(program, errors, zp, options, compTarget, outputDir)
 }

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/c64/C64MachineDefinition.kt

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ internal object C64MachineDefinition: IMachineDefinition {
                 if (options.zeropage == ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE) {
                     // remove the zero page locations used for floating point operations from the free list
                     free.removeAll(listOf(
+                            0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x25,
                             0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x26, 0x27, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2a,
                             0x57, 0x58, 0x59, 0x5a, 0x5b, 0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5e, 0x5f, 0x60,
                             0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68,

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/AsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 import prog8.ast.*
 import prog8.ast.antlr.escape
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import prog8.compiler.functions.FSignature
 import prog8.compiler.target.*
 import prog8.compiler.target.c64.AssemblyProgram
 import prog8.compiler.target.c64.Petscii
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignment
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.AssignmentAsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignment
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AssignmentAsmGen
 import java.io.CharConversionException
 import java.nio.file.Path
 import java.nio.file.Paths
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 pha""")
         }
 
-        out("  jmp  main.start  ; start program / force start proc to be included")
+        jmp("main.start")
     }
 
     private fun slaballocations() {
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
             is Break -> {
                 if(loopEndLabels.isEmpty())
                     throw AssemblyError("break statement out of context  ${stmt.position}")
-                out("  jmp  ${loopEndLabels.peek()}")
+                jmp(loopEndLabels.peek())
             }
             is WhileLoop -> translate(stmt)
             is RepeatLoop -> translate(stmt)
@@ -720,7 +720,10 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
             return
         }
 
-        val indexName = asmVariableName(expr.indexer.indexVar!!)
+        val indexVar = expr.indexer.indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
+            ?: throw AssemblyError("array indexer should have been replaced with a temp var @ ${expr.indexer.position}")
+
+        val indexName = asmVariableName(indexVar)
         if(addOneExtra) {
             // add 1 to the result
             when(elementDt) {
@@ -930,7 +933,7 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
             val endLabel = makeLabel("if_end")
             expressionsAsmGen.translateComparisonExpressionWithJumpIfFalse(booleanCondition, elseLabel)
             translate(stmt.truepart)
-            out("  jmp  $endLabel")
+            jmp(endLabel)
             out(elseLabel)
             translate(stmt.elsepart)
             out(endLabel)
@@ -952,7 +955,7 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 // endless loop
                 out(repeatLabel)
                 translate(stmt.body)
-                out("  jmp  $repeatLabel")
+                jmp(repeatLabel)
                 out(endLabel)
             }
             is NumericLiteralValue -> {
@@ -976,10 +979,12 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 val name = asmVariableName(stmt.iterations as IdentifierReference)
                 when(vardecl.datatype) {
                     DataType.UBYTE, DataType.BYTE -> {
-                        repeatByteCountVar(name, repeatLabel, endLabel, stmt.body)
+                        assignVariableToRegister(name, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                        repeatByteCountInA(null, repeatLabel, endLabel, stmt.body)
                     }
                     DataType.UWORD, DataType.WORD -> {
-                        repeatWordCountVar(name, repeatLabel, endLabel, stmt.body)
+                        assignVariableToRegister(name, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                        repeatWordCountInAY(null, repeatLabel, endLabel, stmt.body)
                     }
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid loop variable datatype $vardecl")
                 }
@@ -1006,10 +1011,11 @@ internal class AsmGen(private val program: Program,
     }
 
     private fun repeatWordCountInAY(constIterations: Int?, repeatLabel: String, endLabel: String, body: AnonymousScope) {
+        // note: A/Y must have been loaded with the number of iterations!
         if(constIterations==0)
             return
-        // note: A/Y must have been loaded with the number of iterations already!
-        // TODO can be even more optimized by iterating over pages
+        // no need to explicitly test for 0 iterations as this is done in the count down logic below
+
         val counterVar = makeLabel("repeatcounter")
         out("""
                 sta  $counterVar
@@ -1018,80 +1024,48 @@ $repeatLabel    lda  $counterVar
                 bne  +
                 lda  $counterVar+1
                 beq  $endLabel
-+               lda  $counterVar
+                lda  $counterVar
                 bne  +
                 dec  $counterVar+1
 +               dec  $counterVar
 """)
         translate(body)
-        out("  jmp  $repeatLabel")
-        if(constIterations!=null && constIterations>=16 && zeropage.available() > 1) {
-            // allocate count var on ZP
-            val zpAddr = zeropage.allocate(counterVar, DataType.UWORD, body.position, errors)
-            out("""$counterVar = $zpAddr  ; auto zp UWORD""")
-        } else {
-            out("""
-$counterVar    .word  0""")
-        }
-        out(endLabel)
+        jmp(repeatLabel)
 
+        if(constIterations!=null && constIterations>=16 && zeropage.available() > 1) {
+            // allocate count var on ZP  TODO can be shared with countervars from other subroutines
+            val zpAddr = zeropage.allocate(counterVar, DataType.UWORD, body.position, errors)
+            out("$counterVar = $zpAddr  ; auto zp UWORD")
+        } else {
+            out("$counterVar    .word  0")
+        }
+
+        out(endLabel)
     }
 
     private fun repeatByteCountInA(constIterations: Int?, repeatLabel: String, endLabel: String, body: AnonymousScope) {
+        // note: A must have been loaded with the number of iterations!
         if(constIterations==0)
             return
-        // note: A must have been loaded with the number of iterations already!
-        val counterVar = makeLabel("repeatcounter")
         if(constIterations==null)
-            out("  beq  $endLabel")
+            out("  beq  $endLabel   ; skip loop if zero iters")
+        val counterVar = makeLabel("repeatcounter")
         out("  sta  $counterVar")
         out(repeatLabel)
         translate(body)
         out("""
              dec  $counterVar
              bne  $repeatLabel
-             beq  $endLabel  
-$counterVar    .byte  0""")
-        out(endLabel)
-    }
+             beq  $endLabel""")
 
-    private fun repeatByteCountVar(repeatCountVar: String, repeatLabel: String, endLabel: String, body: AnonymousScope) {
-        // note: cannot use original counter variable because it should retain its original value
-        val counterVar = makeLabel("repeatcounter")
-        out("  lda  $repeatCountVar |  beq  $endLabel |  sta  $counterVar")
-        out(repeatLabel)
-        translate(body)
-        out("  dec  $counterVar |  bne  $repeatLabel")
-        // inline countervar:
-        out("""
-                beq  $endLabel  
-$counterVar    .byte  0""")
-        out(endLabel)
-    }
+        if(constIterations!=null && constIterations>=16 && zeropage.available() > 0) {
+            // allocate count var on ZP  TODO can be shared with countervars from other subroutines
+            val zpAddr = zeropage.allocate(counterVar, DataType.UBYTE, body.position, errors)
+            out("$counterVar = $zpAddr  ; auto zp UBYTE")
+        } else {
+            out("$counterVar    .byte  0")
+        }
 
-    private fun repeatWordCountVar(repeatCountVar: String, repeatLabel: String, endLabel: String, body: AnonymousScope) {
-        // TODO can be even more optimized by iterating over pages
-        // note: cannot use original counter variable because it should retain its original value
-        val counterVar = makeLabel("repeatcounter")
-        out("""
-            lda  $repeatCountVar
-            sta  $counterVar
-            ora  $repeatCountVar+1
-            beq  $endLabel
-            lda  $repeatCountVar+1
-            sta  $counterVar+1""")
-        out(repeatLabel)
-        translate(body)
-        out("""
-            lda  $counterVar
-            bne  +
-            dec  $counterVar+1
-+           dec  $counterVar
-            lda  $counterVar
-            ora  $counterVar+1
-            bne  $repeatLabel
-            beq  $endLabel  
-$counterVar    .word  0""")
         out(endLabel)
     }
 
@@ -1104,7 +1078,7 @@ $counterVar    .word  0""")
         out(whileLabel)
         expressionsAsmGen.translateComparisonExpressionWithJumpIfFalse(booleanCondition, endLabel)
         translate(stmt.body)
-        out("  jmp  $whileLabel")
+        jmp(whileLabel)
         out(endLabel)
         loopEndLabels.pop()
     }
@@ -1138,7 +1112,7 @@ $counterVar    .word  0""")
             if(choice.values==null) {
                 // the else choice
                 translate(choice.statements)
-                out("  jmp  $endLabel")
+                jmp(endLabel)
             } else {
                 choiceBlocks.add(choiceLabel to choice.statements)
                 for (cv in choice.values!!) {
@@ -1157,11 +1131,11 @@ $counterVar    .word  0""")
                 }
             }
         }
-        out("  jmp  $endLabel")
+        jmp(endLabel)
         for(choiceBlock in choiceBlocks) {
             out(choiceBlock.first)
             translate(choiceBlock.second)
-            out("  jmp  $endLabel")
+            jmp(endLabel)
         }
         out(endLabel)
     }
@@ -1220,7 +1194,7 @@ $counterVar    .word  0""")
                 val endLabel = makeLabel("branch_end")
                 out("  $instruction  $elseLabel")
                 translate(stmt.truepart)
-                out("  jmp  $endLabel")
+                jmp(endLabel)
                 out(elseLabel)
                 translate(stmt.elsepart)
                 out(endLabel)
@@ -1277,14 +1251,12 @@ $label              nop""")
         }
     }
 
-    private fun translate(jmp: Jump) {
-        out("  jmp  ${getJumpTarget(jmp)}")
-    }
+    private fun translate(jump: Jump) = jmp(getJumpTarget(jump))
 
-    private fun getJumpTarget(jmp: Jump): String {
-        val ident = jmp.identifier
-        val label = jmp.generatedLabel
-        val addr = jmp.address
+    private fun getJumpTarget(jump: Jump): String {
+        val ident = jump.identifier
+        val label = jump.generatedLabel
+        val addr = jump.address
         return when {
             ident!=null -> {
                 val target = ident.targetStatement(program)
@@ -1378,6 +1350,13 @@ $label              nop""")
         return vardecl.makeScopedName(vardecl.name) in allocatedZeropageVariables
     }
 
+    internal fun jmp(asmLabel: String) {
+        if(isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
+            out("  bra  $asmLabel")     // note: 64tass will convert this automatically to a jmp if the relative distance is too large
+        else
+            out("  jmp  $asmLabel")
+    }
+
     internal fun pointerViaIndexRegisterPossible(pointerOffsetExpr: Expression): Pair<Expression, Expression>? {
         if(pointerOffsetExpr is BinaryExpression && pointerOffsetExpr.operator=="+") {
             val leftDt = pointerOffsetExpr.left.inferType(program)

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/AsmOptimizer.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 
 // note: see https://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/6502_assembly_optimisations

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
 import prog8.ast.Node
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import prog8.ast.toHex
 import prog8.compiler.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compiler.functions.FSignature
 import prog8.compiler.target.CpuType
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.*
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.*
 import prog8.compiler.target.subroutineFloatEvalResultVar2
 
 internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen, private val assignAsmGen: AssignmentAsmGen) {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             "ln", "log2", "sqrt", "rad",
             "deg", "round", "floor", "ceil",
             "rndf" -> funcVariousFloatFuncs(fcall, func, resultToStack, resultRegister, sscope)
-            "rnd", "rndw" -> funcRnd(func, resultToStack, resultRegister, sscope)
+            "fastrnd8", "rnd", "rndw" -> funcRnd(func, resultToStack, resultRegister, sscope)
             "sqrt16" -> funcSqrt16(fcall, func, resultToStack, resultRegister, sscope)
             "rol" -> funcRol(fcall)
             "rol2" -> funcRol2(fcall)
@@ -64,7 +64,77 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             "peek" -> throw AssemblyError("peek() should have been replaced by @()")
             "pokew" -> funcPokeW(fcall)
             "poke" -> throw AssemblyError("poke() should have been replaced by @()")
-            else -> TODO("missing asmgen for builtin func ${func.name}")
+            "cmp" -> funcCmp(fcall)
+            else -> throw AssemblyError("missing asmgen for builtin func ${func.name}")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun funcCmp(fcall: IFunctionCall) {
+        val arg1 = fcall.args[0]
+        val arg2 = fcall.args[1]
+        val dt1 = arg1.inferType(program).typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
+        val dt2 = arg2.inferType(program).typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
+        if(dt1 in ByteDatatypes) {
+            if(dt2 in ByteDatatypes) {
+                when (arg2) {
+                    is IdentifierReference -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                        asmgen.out("  cmp  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(arg2)}")
+                    }
+                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                        asmgen.out("  cmp  #${arg2.number}")
+                    }
+                    is DirectMemoryRead -> {
+                        if(arg2.addressExpression is NumericLiteralValue) {
+                            asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                            asmgen.out("  cmp  ${arg2.addressExpression.constValue(program)!!.number.toHex()}")
+                        } else {
+                            asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(arg2, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine())
+                            asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                            asmgen.out("  cmp  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(arg2, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1", DataType.UBYTE, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine())
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.A)
+                        asmgen.out("  cmp  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
+                    }
+                }
+            } else
+                throw AssemblyError("args for cmp() should have same dt")
+        } else {
+            // dt1 is a word
+            if(dt2 in WordDatatypes) {
+                when (arg2) {
+                    is IdentifierReference -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                        asmgen.out("""
+                            cpy  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(arg2)}+1
+                            bne  +
+                            cmp  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(arg2)}
++""")
+                    }
+                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                        asmgen.out("""
+                            cpy  #>${arg2.number}
+                            bne  +
+                            cmp  #<${arg2.number}
++""")
+                    }
+                    else -> {
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(arg2, "P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1", DataType.UWORD, (fcall as Node).definingSubroutine())
+                        asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(arg1, RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                        asmgen.out("""
+                            cpy  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                            bne  +
+                            cmp  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
++""")
+                    }
+                }
+            } else
+                throw AssemblyError("args for cmp() should have same dt")
         }
     }
 
@@ -394,8 +464,7 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
 
     private fun translateRolRorArrayArgs(arrayvar: IdentifierReference, indexer: ArrayIndex, operation: String, dt: Char) {
         asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(AddressOf(arrayvar, arrayvar.position), "prog8_lib.${operation}_array_u${dt}._arg_target", DataType.UWORD, null)
-        val indexerExpr = if(indexer.indexVar!=null) indexer.indexVar!! else indexer.indexNum!!
-        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(indexerExpr, "prog8_lib.${operation}_array_u${dt}._arg_index", DataType.UBYTE, null)
+        asmgen.assignExpressionToVariable(indexer.indexExpr, "prog8_lib.${operation}_array_u${dt}._arg_index", DataType.UBYTE, null)
     }
 
     private fun funcVariousFloatFuncs(fcall: IFunctionCall, func: FSignature, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?, scope: Subroutine?) {
@@ -478,11 +547,11 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_UW -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_${function.name}_uw_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_W -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_${function.name}_w_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_F -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.func_${function.name}_f_fac1")
@@ -509,19 +578,19 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             when (dt.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)) {
                 DataType.ARRAY_UB, DataType.STR -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_sum_ub_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_B -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_sum_b_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_UW -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_sum_uw_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_W -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_sum_w_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.ARRAY_F -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.func_sum_f_fac1")
@@ -610,10 +679,10 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
                 throw AssemblyError("unknown dt")
             val elementDt = elementIDt.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
 
-            val firstNum = first.indexer.indexNum
-            val firstVar = first.indexer.indexVar
-            val secondNum = second.indexer.indexNum
-            val secondVar = second.indexer.indexVar
+            val firstNum = first.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+            val firstVar = first.indexer.indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
+            val secondNum = second.indexer.indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+            val secondVar = second.indexer.indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
 
             if(firstNum!=null && secondNum!=null) {
                 swapArrayValues(elementDt, arrayVarName1, firstNum, arrayVarName2, secondNum)
@@ -924,15 +993,15 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
             when (dt) {
                 in ByteDatatypes -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.abs_b_into_A")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterByte(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister!!, scope, program, asmgen), CpuRegister.A)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterByte(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), CpuRegister.A)
                 }
                 in WordDatatypes -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.abs_w_into_AY")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister!!, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.AY, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.AY)
                 }
                 DataType.FLOAT -> {
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.abs_f_fac1")
-                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterpairWord(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister!!, scope, program, asmgen), RegisterOrPair.FAC1)
+                    assignAsmGen.assignFAC1float(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.FAC1, scope, program, asmgen))
                 }
                 else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
             }
@@ -941,6 +1010,14 @@ internal class BuiltinFunctionsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val
 
     private fun funcRnd(func: FSignature, resultToStack: Boolean, resultRegister: RegisterOrPair?, scope: Subroutine?) {
         when(func.name) {
+            "fastrnd8" -> {
+                if(resultToStack)
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_fastrnd8_stack")
+                else {
+                    asmgen.out("  jsr  math.fast_randbyte")
+                    assignAsmGen.assignRegisterByte(AsmAssignTarget.fromRegisters(resultRegister ?: RegisterOrPair.A, scope, program, asmgen), CpuRegister.A)
+                }
+            }
             "rnd" -> {
                 if(resultToStack)
                     asmgen.out("  jsr  prog8_lib.func_rnd_stack")

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/ForLoopsAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.ArrayElementTypes
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ internal class ForLoopsAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen:
                         lda  $varname
 $modifiedLabel          cmp  #0         ; modified 
                         beq  $endLabel
-                        $incdec  $varname
-                        jmp  $loopLabel
-$endLabel""")
+                        $incdec  $varname""")
+                    asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+                    asmgen.out(endLabel)
 
                 } else {
 
@@ -117,16 +117,15 @@ $modifiedLabel2 cmp  #0    ; modified
                             asmgen.out("""
 +               inc  $varname
                 bne  $loopLabel
-                inc  $varname+1
-                jmp  $loopLabel
-                            """)
+                inc  $varname+1""")
+                            asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
                         } else {
                             asmgen.out("""
 +               lda  $varname
                 bne  +
                 dec  $varname+1
-+               dec  $varname
-                jmp  $loopLabel""")
++               dec  $varname""")
+                            asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
                         }
                         asmgen.out(endLabel)
                     }
@@ -386,23 +385,25 @@ $loopLabel""")
                     }
                     -2 -> {
                         when (range.last) {
-                            0 -> asmgen.out("""
-                                lda  $varname
-                                beq  $endLabel
-                                dec  $varname
-                                dec  $varname
-                                jmp  $loopLabel""")
+                            0 -> {
+                                asmgen.out("""
+                                    lda  $varname
+                                    beq  $endLabel
+                                    dec  $varname
+                                    dec  $varname""")
+                                asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+                            }
                             1 -> asmgen.out("""
-                                dec  $varname
-                                beq  $endLabel
-                                dec  $varname
-                                bne  $loopLabel""")
+                                    dec  $varname
+                                    beq  $endLabel
+                                    dec  $varname
+                                    bne  $loopLabel""")
                             else -> asmgen.out("""
-                                dec  $varname
-                                dec  $varname
-                                lda  $varname
-                                cmp  #${range.last-2}
-                                bne  $loopLabel""")
+                                    dec  $varname
+                                    dec  $varname
+                                    lda  $varname
+                                    cmp  #${range.last-2}
+                                    bne  $loopLabel""")
                         }
                     }
                     else -> {
@@ -413,8 +414,8 @@ $loopLabel""")
                             beq  $endLabel
                             clc
                             adc  #${range.step}
-                            sta  $varname
-                            jmp  $loopLabel""")
+                            sta  $varname""")
+                        asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
                     }
                 }
                 asmgen.out(endLabel)
@@ -450,9 +451,9 @@ $loopLabel""")
                             sta  $varname
                             lda  $varname+1
                             adc  #>${range.step}
-                            sta  $varname+1
-                            jmp  $loopLabel
-$endLabel""")
+                            sta  $varname+1""")
+                        asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+                        asmgen.out(endLabel)
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -502,9 +503,9 @@ $loopLabel""")
                 asmgen.out("""
                     lda  $varname
                     beq  $endLabel
-                    dec  $varname
-                    jmp  $loopLabel
-$endLabel""")
+                    dec  $varname""")
+                asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+                asmgen.out(endLabel)
             }
             1 -> {
                 asmgen.out("""
@@ -545,9 +546,9 @@ $loopLabel""")
             beq  $endLabel
 +           inc  $varname
             bne  $loopLabel
-            inc  $varname+1
-            jmp  $loopLabel
-$endLabel""")
+            inc  $varname+1""")
+        asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+        asmgen.out(endLabel)
         asmgen.loopEndLabels.pop()
     }
 
@@ -573,9 +574,9 @@ $loopLabel""")
 +           lda  $varname
             bne  +
             dec  $varname+1
-+           dec  $varname
-            jmp  $loopLabel
-$endLabel""")
++           dec  $varname""")
+        asmgen.jmp(loopLabel)
+        asmgen.out(endLabel)
         asmgen.loopEndLabels.pop()
     }
 

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/FunctionCallAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 import prog8.ast.IFunctionCall
 import prog8.ast.Node
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.compiler.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compiler.target.CpuType
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignSource
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignTarget
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignment
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment.TargetStorageKind
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignSource
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignTarget
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.AsmAssignment
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment.TargetStorageKind
 
 
 internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ internal class FunctionCallAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
                             else
                                 asmgen.out("  lda  #0 |  sta  cx16.${argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().toLowerCase()}+1")
                         }
-                        in WordDatatypes ->
+                        in WordDatatypes, in IterableDatatypes ->
                             asmgen.out("""
                                 lda  P8ESTACK_LO$plusIdxStr,x
                                 sta  cx16.${argi.value.second.registerOrPair.toString().toLowerCase()}

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/PostIncrDecrAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
@@ -66,8 +66,9 @@ internal class PostIncrDecrAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmg
             targetArrayIdx!=null -> {
                 val asmArrayvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(targetArrayIdx.arrayvar)
                 val elementDt = targetArrayIdx.inferType(program).typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT)
-                if(targetArrayIdx.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                    val indexValue = targetArrayIdx.indexer.constIndex()!! * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
+                val constIndex = targetArrayIdx.indexer.constIndex()
+                if(constIndex!=null) {
+                    val indexValue = constIndex * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
                     when(elementDt) {
                         in ByteDatatypes -> asmgen.out(if (incr) "  inc  $asmArrayvarname+$indexValue" else "  dec  $asmArrayvarname+$indexValue")
                         in WordDatatypes -> {

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/assignment/AsmAssignment.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.IMemSizer
 import prog8.ast.Program
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.expressions.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.compiler.AssemblyError
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.AsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
 
 
 internal enum class TargetStorageKind {
@@ -120,13 +120,7 @@ internal class AsmAssignSource(val kind: SourceStorageKind,
             asmgen.asmVariableName(array.arrayvar)
 
     companion object {
-        fun fromAstSource(indexer: ArrayIndex, program: Program, asmgen: AsmGen): AsmAssignSource {
-            return when {
-                indexer.indexNum!=null -> fromAstSource(indexer.indexNum!!, program, asmgen)
-                indexer.indexVar!=null -> fromAstSource(indexer.indexVar!!, program, asmgen)
-                else -> throw AssemblyError("weird indexer")
-            }
-        }
+        fun fromAstSource(indexer: ArrayIndex, program: Program, asmgen: AsmGen): AsmAssignSource = fromAstSource(indexer.indexExpr, program, asmgen)
 
         fun fromAstSource(value: Expression, program: Program, asmgen: AsmGen): AsmAssignSource {
             val cv = value.constValue(program)

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/assignment/AssignmentAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
@@ -9,12 +9,13 @@ import prog8.compiler.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compiler.functions.BuiltinFunctions
 import prog8.compiler.functions.builtinFunctionReturnType
 import prog8.compiler.target.CpuType
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.AsmGen
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.ExpressionsAsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.ExpressionsAsmGen
 
 
 internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen: AsmGen,
-                                private val exprAsmgen: ExpressionsAsmGen) {
+                                private val exprAsmgen: ExpressionsAsmGen
+) {
 
     private val augmentableAsmGen = AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(program, this, exprAsmgen, asmgen)
 
@@ -64,9 +65,10 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                 val value = assign.source.array!!
                 val elementDt = assign.source.datatype
                 val arrayVarName = asmgen.asmVariableName(value.arrayvar)
-                if (value.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
+                val constIndex = value.indexer.constIndex()
+                if (constIndex!=null) {
                     // constant array index value
-                    val indexValue = value.indexer.constIndex()!! * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
+                    val indexValue = constIndex * program.memsizer.memorySize(elementDt)
                     when (elementDt) {
                         in ByteDatatypes -> {
                             asmgen.out("  lda  $arrayVarName+$indexValue")
@@ -356,7 +358,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
 
 
         // special case optimizations
-        if(target.kind==TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE) {
+        if(target.kind== TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE) {
             if(value is IdentifierReference && valueDt != DataType.STRUCT)
                 return assignTypeCastedIdentifier(target.asmVarname, targetDt, asmgen.asmVariableName(value), valueDt)
 
@@ -569,11 +571,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
                 }
             }
-            DataType.STR -> {
-                if (targetDt != DataType.UWORD && targetDt == DataType.STR)
-                    throw AssemblyError("cannot typecast a string into another incompatitble type")
-                TODO("assign typecasted string into target var")
-            }
+            DataType.STR -> throw AssemblyError("cannot typecast a string value")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
         }
     }
@@ -708,11 +706,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
                 }
             }
-            DataType.STR -> {
-                if (targetDt != DataType.UWORD && targetDt == DataType.STR)
-                    throw AssemblyError("cannot typecast a string into another incompatitble type")
-                TODO("assign typecasted string into target var")
-            }
+            DataType.STR -> throw AssemblyError("cannot typecast a string value")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("weird type")
         }
     }
@@ -1073,11 +1067,11 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}
                     sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
                     sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1""")
-                if(target.array!!.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                    val index = target.array.indexer.constIndex()!!
-                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$index")
+                val constIndex = target.array!!.indexer.constIndex()
+                if(constIndex!=null) {
+                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$constIndex")
                 } else {
-                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexVar!!)
+                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                     asmgen.out(" lda  $asmvarname")
                 }
                 asmgen.out("  jsr  floats.set_array_float_from_fac1")
@@ -1109,11 +1103,11 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}
                     sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
                     sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1""")
-                if(target.array!!.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                    val index = target.array.indexer.constIndex()!!
-                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$index")
+                val constIndex = target.array!!.indexer.constIndex()
+                if(constIndex!=null) {
+                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$constIndex")
                 } else {
-                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexVar!!)
+                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                     asmgen.out(" lda  $asmvarname")
                 }
                 asmgen.out(" jsr  floats.set_array_float")
@@ -1156,11 +1150,11 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                     ldy  #>${target.asmVarname}
                     sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
                     sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1""")
-                if(target.array!!.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                    val index = target.array.indexer.constIndex()!!
-                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$index")
+                val constIndex = target.array!!.indexer.constIndex()
+                if(constIndex!=null) {
+                    asmgen.out(" lda  #$constIndex")
                 } else {
-                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexVar!!)
+                    val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                     asmgen.out(" lda  $asmvarname")
                 }
                 asmgen.out(" jsr  floats.set_array_float")
@@ -1339,8 +1333,16 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
     }
 
     internal fun assignRegisterByte(target: AsmAssignTarget, register: CpuRegister) {
-        if(target.register !in Cx16VirtualRegisters)
-            require(target.datatype in ByteDatatypes)
+        // we make an exception in the type check for assigning something to a cx16 virtual register
+        if(target.register !in Cx16VirtualRegisters) {
+            if(target.kind==TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE) {
+                val parts = target.asmVarname.split('.')
+                if (parts.size != 2 || parts[0] != "cx16")
+                    require(target.datatype in ByteDatatypes)
+            } else {
+                require(target.datatype in ByteDatatypes)
+            }
+        }
 
         when(target.kind) {
             TargetStorageKind.VARIABLE -> {
@@ -1368,7 +1370,8 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         CpuRegister.X -> asmgen.out(" txa")
                         CpuRegister.Y -> asmgen.out(" tya")
                     }
-                    asmgen.out(" ldy  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array!!.indexer.indexVar!!)} |  sta  ${target.asmVarname},y")
+                    val indexVar = target.array!!.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference
+                    asmgen.out(" ldy  ${asmgen.asmVariableName(indexVar)} |  sta  ${target.asmVarname},y")
                 }
             }
             TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> {
@@ -1776,8 +1779,9 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                         """)
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
-                    if (target.array!!.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                        val indexValue = target.array.indexer.constIndex()!! * program.memsizer.memorySize(DataType.FLOAT)
+                    val constIndex = target.array!!.indexer.constIndex()
+                    if (constIndex!=null) {
+                        val indexValue = constIndex * program.memsizer.memorySize(DataType.FLOAT)
                         if(asmgen.isTargetCpu(CpuType.CPU65c02))
                             asmgen.out("""
                                 stz  ${target.asmVarname}+$indexValue
@@ -1796,7 +1800,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                                 sta  ${target.asmVarname}+$indexValue+4
                             """)
                     } else {
-                        val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexVar!!)
+                        val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                         asmgen.out("""
                             lda  #<${target.asmVarname}
                             sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
@@ -1841,8 +1845,9 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                 }
                 TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
                     val arrayVarName = target.asmVarname
-                    if (target.array!!.indexer.indexNum!=null) {
-                        val indexValue = target.array.indexer.constIndex()!! * program.memsizer.memorySize(DataType.FLOAT)
+                    val constIndex = target.array!!.indexer.constIndex()
+                    if (constIndex!=null) {
+                        val indexValue = constIndex * program.memsizer.memorySize(DataType.FLOAT)
                         asmgen.out("""
                             lda  $constFloat
                             sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue
@@ -1856,7 +1861,7 @@ internal class AssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program, private val asmgen
                             sta  $arrayVarName+$indexValue+4
                         """)
                     } else {
-                        val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexVar!!)
+                        val asmvarname = asmgen.asmVariableName(target.array.indexer.indexExpr as IdentifierReference)
                         asmgen.out("""
                             lda  #<${constFloat}
                             sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1

compiler/src/prog8/compiler/target/cpu6502/codegen/assignment/AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen.kt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.assignment
+package prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.assignment
 
 import prog8.ast.Program
 import prog8.ast.base.*
@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@ import prog8.ast.statements.Subroutine
 import prog8.ast.toHex
 import prog8.compiler.AssemblyError
 import prog8.compiler.target.CpuType
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.AsmGen
-import prog8.compiler.target.c64.codegen.ExpressionsAsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.AsmGen
+import prog8.compiler.target.cpu6502.codegen.ExpressionsAsmGen
 
 internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                                            private val assignmentAsmGen: AssignmentAsmGen,
                                            private val exprAsmGen: ExpressionsAsmGen,
-                                           private val asmgen: AsmGen) {
+                                           private val asmgen: AsmGen
+) {
     fun translate(assign: AsmAssignment) {
         require(assign.isAugmentable)
         require(assign.source.kind== SourceStorageKind.EXPRESSION)
@@ -198,9 +199,11 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             }
             TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> {
                 with(target.array!!.indexer) {
+                    val indexNum = indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue
+                    val indexVar = indexExpr as? IdentifierReference
                     when {
                         indexNum!=null -> {
-                            val targetVarName = "${target.asmVarname} + ${indexNum!!.number.toInt()*program.memsizer.memorySize(target.datatype)}"
+                            val targetVarName = "${target.asmVarname} + ${indexNum.number.toInt()*program.memsizer.memorySize(target.datatype)}"
                             when(target.datatype) {
                                 in ByteDatatypes -> {
                                     when {
@@ -267,8 +270,8 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     }
                 }
             }
-            TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg in-place modification")
-            TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack in-place modification")
+            TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg in-place modification")
+            TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack in-place modification")
         }
     }
 
@@ -319,7 +322,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" and  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" ora  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" eor  P8ZP_SCRATCH_B1")
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
         if(ptrOnZp)
@@ -360,7 +362,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" and  $otherName")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" ora  $otherName")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" eor  $otherName")
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
         if(ptrOnZp)
@@ -463,7 +464,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 else
                     asmgen.out("  sta  (P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1),y")
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -539,7 +539,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                 asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
                 asmgen.out("  eor  $name |  sta  $name")
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -597,7 +596,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  and  $otherName |  sta  $name")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  ora  $otherName |  sta  $name")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  eor  $otherName |  sta  $name")
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -669,7 +667,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
             "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  and  #$value |  sta  $name")
             "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  ora  #$value |  sta  $name")
             "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  eor  #$value |  sta  $name")
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -977,7 +974,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     else -> asmgen.out("  lda  $name |  eor  #<$value |  sta  $name |  lda  $name+1 |  eor  #>$value |  sta  $name+1")
                 }
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
         }
     }
@@ -1053,8 +1049,49 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             lda  math.multiply_words.result+1
                             sta  $name+1""")
                     }
-                    "/" -> TODO("div (u)wordvar/bytevar")
-                    "%" -> TODO("(u)word remainder bytevar")
+                    "/" -> {
+                        if(dt==DataType.UWORD) {
+                            asmgen.out("""
+                                lda  $name
+                                ldy  $name+1
+                                sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                                sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                                lda  $otherName
+                                ldy  #0
+                                jsr  math.divmod_uw_asm
+                                sta  $name
+                                sty  $name+1
+                            """)
+                        } else {
+                            asmgen.out("""
+                                lda  $name
+                                ldy  $name+1
+                                sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                                sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                                lda  $otherName
+                                ldy  #0
+                                jsr  math.divmod_w_asm
+                                sta  $name
+                                sty  $name+1
+                            """)
+                        }
+                    }
+                    "%" -> {
+                        if(valueDt!=DataType.UBYTE || dt!=DataType.UWORD)
+                            throw AssemblyError("remainder of signed integers is not properly defined/implemented, use unsigned instead")
+                        asmgen.out("""
+                            lda  $name
+                            ldy  $name+1
+                            sta  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1
+                            sty  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W1+1
+                            lda  $otherName
+                            ldy  #0
+                            jsr  math.divmod_uw_asm
+                            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2
+                            sta  $name
+                            lda  P8ZP_SCRATCH_W2+1
+                            sta  $name+1
+                        """)                    }
                     "<<" -> {
                         asmgen.out("""
                         ldy  $otherName
@@ -1099,7 +1136,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     }
                     "|", "or" -> asmgen.out("  lda  $otherName |  ora  $name |  sta  $name")
                     "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out("  lda  $otherName |  eor  $name |  sta  $name")
-                    in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
                 }
             }
@@ -1173,7 +1209,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     "&", "and" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  and  $otherName |  sta  $name |  lda  $name+1 |  and  $otherName+1 |  sta  $name+1")
                     "|", "or" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  ora  $otherName |  sta  $name |  lda  $name+1 |  ora  $otherName+1 |  sta  $name+1")
                     "^", "xor" -> asmgen.out(" lda  $name |  eor  $otherName |  sta  $name |  lda  $name+1 |  eor  $otherName+1 |  sta  $name+1")
-                    in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
                 }
             }
@@ -1364,7 +1399,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.A)
                         asmgen.out("  eor  $name |  sta  $name")
                     }
-                    in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
                 }
             }
@@ -1405,7 +1439,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                         asmgen.assignExpressionToRegister(value, RegisterOrPair.AY)
                         asmgen.out("  eor  $name |  sta  $name |  tya |  eor  $name+1 |  sta  $name+1")
                     }
-                    in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place modification for $operator")
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place modification $operator")
                 }
             }
@@ -1453,7 +1486,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     jsr  floats.FDIV
                 """)
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place float modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place float modification $operator")
         }
         asmgen.out("""
@@ -1534,7 +1566,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     jsr  floats.FDIV
                 """)
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place float modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place float modification $operator")
         }
         // store Fac1 back into memory
@@ -1619,7 +1650,6 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                     jsr  floats.FDIV
                 """)
             }
-            in comparisonOperators -> TODO("in-place float modification for $operator")
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invalid operator for in-place float modification $operator")
         }
         // store Fac1 back into memory
@@ -1729,9 +1759,9 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place not of ubyte array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg not")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack not")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place not of ubyte array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg not")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack not")
                 }
             }
             DataType.UWORD -> {
@@ -1748,9 +1778,9 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1""")
                     }
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("no asm gen for uword-memory not")
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place not of uword array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg not")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack not")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place not of uword array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg not")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack not")
                 }
             }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("boolean-not of invalid type")
@@ -1795,9 +1825,9 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place invert ubyte array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg invert")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack invert")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place invert ubyte array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg invert")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack invert")
                 }
             }
             DataType.UWORD -> {
@@ -1812,9 +1842,9 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1""")
                     }
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("no asm gen for uword-memory invert")
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place invert uword array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg invert")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack invert")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place invert uword array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg invert")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack invert")
                 }
             }
             else -> throw AssemblyError("invert of invalid type")
@@ -1833,9 +1863,9 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             sta  ${target.asmVarname}""")
                     }
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("can't in-place negate memory ubyte")
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place negate byte array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg negate")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack negate")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place negate byte array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg negate")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack negate")
                 }
             }
             DataType.WORD -> {
@@ -1850,10 +1880,10 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             sbc  ${target.asmVarname}+1
                             sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1""")
                     }
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place negate word array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place negate word array")
                     TargetStorageKind.MEMORY -> throw AssemblyError("no asm gen for word memory negate")
-                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> TODO("reg negate")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack negate")
+                    TargetStorageKind.REGISTER -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for reg negate")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack negate")
                 }
             }
             DataType.FLOAT -> {
@@ -1866,8 +1896,8 @@ internal class AugmentableAssignmentAsmGen(private val program: Program,
                             sta  ${target.asmVarname}+1
                         """)
                     }
-                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> TODO("in-place negate float array")
-                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> TODO("stack float negate")
+                    TargetStorageKind.ARRAY -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for in-place negate float array")
+                    TargetStorageKind.STACK -> throw AssemblyError("missing codegen for stack float negate")
                     else -> throw AssemblyError("weird target kind for float")
                 }
             }

compiler/src/prog8/optimizer/CallGraph.kt

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ private val alwaysKeepSubroutines = setOf(
         Pair("main", "start")
 )
 
-private val asmJumpRx = Regex("""[\-+a-zA-Z0-9_ \t]+(jmp|jsr)[ \t]+(\S+).*""", RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE)
+private val asmJumpRx = Regex("""[\-+a-zA-Z0-9_ \t]+(jmp|jsr|bra)[ \t]+(\S+).*""", RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE)
 private val asmRefRx = Regex("""[\-+a-zA-Z0-9_ \t]+(...)[ \t]+(\S+).*""", RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE)
 
 
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ class CallGraph(private val program: Program, private val asmFileLoader: (filena
     }
 
     override fun visit(inlineAssembly: InlineAssembly) {
-        // parse inline asm for subroutine calls (jmp, jsr)
+        // parse inline asm for subroutine calls (jmp, jsr, bra)
         val scope = inlineAssembly.definingSubroutine()
         scanAssemblyCode(inlineAssembly.assembly, inlineAssembly, scope)
         super.visit(inlineAssembly)

compiler/src/prog8/optimizer/ConstExprEvaluator.kt

@@ -9,28 +9,32 @@ import kotlin.math.pow
 class ConstExprEvaluator {
 
     fun evaluate(left: NumericLiteralValue, operator: String, right: NumericLiteralValue): Expression {
-        return when(operator) {
-            "+" -> plus(left, right)
-            "-" -> minus(left, right)
-            "*" -> multiply(left, right)
-            "/" -> divide(left, right)
-            "%" -> remainder(left, right)
-            "**" -> power(left, right)
-            "&" -> bitwiseand(left, right)
-            "|" -> bitwiseor(left, right)
-            "^" -> bitwisexor(left, right)
-            "and" -> logicaland(left, right)
-            "or" -> logicalor(left, right)
-            "xor" -> logicalxor(left, right)
-            "<" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left < right, left.position)
-            ">" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left > right, left.position)
-            "<=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left <= right, left.position)
-            ">=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left >= right, left.position)
-            "==" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left == right, left.position)
-            "!=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left != right, left.position)
-            "<<" -> shiftedleft(left, right)
-            ">>" -> shiftedright(left, right)
-            else -> throw FatalAstException("const evaluation for invalid operator $operator")
+        try {
+            return when(operator) {
+                "+" -> plus(left, right)
+                "-" -> minus(left, right)
+                "*" -> multiply(left, right)
+                "/" -> divide(left, right)
+                "%" -> remainder(left, right)
+                "**" -> power(left, right)
+                "&" -> bitwiseand(left, right)
+                "|" -> bitwiseor(left, right)
+                "^" -> bitwisexor(left, right)
+                "and" -> logicaland(left, right)
+                "or" -> logicalor(left, right)
+                "xor" -> logicalxor(left, right)
+                "<" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left < right, left.position)
+                ">" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left > right, left.position)
+                "<=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left <= right, left.position)
+                ">=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left >= right, left.position)
+                "==" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left == right, left.position)
+                "!=" -> NumericLiteralValue.fromBoolean(left != right, left.position)
+                "<<" -> shiftedleft(left, right)
+                ">>" -> shiftedright(left, right)
+                else -> throw FatalAstException("const evaluation for invalid operator $operator")
+            }
+        } catch (ax: FatalAstException) {
+            throw ExpressionError(ax.message, left.position)
         }
     }
 

compiler/src/prog8/optimizer/ConstantIdentifierReplacer.kt

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
     override fun before(decl: VarDecl, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> {
         // the initializer value can't refer to the variable itself (recursive definition)
         // TODO: use call graph for this?
-        if(decl.value?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true || decl.arraysize?.indexVar?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true) {
+        if(decl.value?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true || decl.arraysize?.indexExpr?.referencesIdentifier(decl.name) == true) {
             errors.err("recursive var declaration", decl.position)
             return noModifications
         }
@@ -93,19 +93,6 @@ internal class ConstantIdentifierReplacer(private val program: Program, private
                                 decl
                         ))
                     }
-                } else if(arraysize.constIndex()==null) {
-                    // see if we can calculate the size from other fields
-                    try {
-                        val cval =  arraysize.indexVar?.constValue(program) ?: arraysize.origExpression?.constValue(program)
-                        if (cval != null) {
-                            arraysize.indexVar = null
-                            arraysize.origExpression = null
-                            arraysize.indexNum = cval
-                        }
-                    } catch (x: UndefinedSymbolError) {
-                        errors.err(x.message, x.position)
-                        return noModifications
-                    }
                 }
             }
 

compiler/src/prog8/optimizer/StatementOptimizer.kt

@@ -56,9 +56,10 @@ internal class StatementOptimizer(private val program: Program,
         }
 
         if(subroutine !in callgraph.usedSymbols && !forceOutput) {
-            if(!subroutine.isAsmSubroutine)
+            if(!subroutine.isAsmSubroutine) {
                 errors.warn("removing unused subroutine '${subroutine.name}'", subroutine.position)
-            return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(subroutine, subroutine.definingScope()))
+                return listOf(IAstModification.Remove(subroutine, subroutine.definingScope()))
+            }
         }
 
         return noModifications

compiler/src/prog8/optimizer/UnusedCodeRemover.kt

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ internal class UnusedCodeRemover(private val program: Program,
         val removals = mutableListOf<IAstModification>()
 
         // remove all subroutines that aren't called, or are empty
+        // NOTE: part of this is also done already in the StatementOptimizer
         val entrypoint = program.entrypoint()
         program.modules.forEach {
             callgraph.forAllSubroutines(it) { sub ->

compiler/test/UnitTests.kt

@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class TestC64Zeropage {
         val zp1 = C64Zeropage(CompilationOptions(OutputType.RAW, LauncherType.NONE, ZeropageType.BASICSAFE, emptyList(), true, false, C64Target))
         assertEquals(18, zp1.available())
         val zp2 = C64Zeropage(CompilationOptions(OutputType.RAW, LauncherType.NONE, ZeropageType.FLOATSAFE, emptyList(), false, false, C64Target))
-        assertEquals(89, zp2.available())
+        assertEquals(85, zp2.available())
         val zp3 = C64Zeropage(CompilationOptions(OutputType.RAW, LauncherType.NONE, ZeropageType.KERNALSAFE, emptyList(), false, false, C64Target))
         assertEquals(125, zp3.available())
         val zp4 = C64Zeropage(CompilationOptions(OutputType.RAW, LauncherType.NONE, ZeropageType.FULL, emptyList(), false, false, C64Target))

compiler/test/arithmetic/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.PHONY: all clean test
+
+all: test
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.prg *.asm *.vice-*
+
+test: clean
+	p8compile -target cx16 *.p8 >/dev/null
+	for program in *.prg; do \
+		echo "RUNNING:" $$program ; \
+		x16emu -run -prg $$program >/dev/null ; \
+	done

compiler/test/comparisons/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+.PHONY: all clean test
+
+all: test
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.prg *.asm *.vice-* test_*.p8
+
+test: clean generate test_prgs
+
+generate:
+	python make_tests.py
+	p8compile -noopt -target cx16 *.p8 >/dev/null
+
+test_prgs:
+	for program in *.prg; do \
+		echo "RUNNING:" $$program ; \
+		x16emu -run -prg $$program >/dev/null ; \
+	done

compiler/test/comparisons/make_tests.py

@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+# generates various Prog8 files with a huge amount of number comparion tests,
+# for all supported datatypes and all comparison operators.
+
+import sys
+
+index = 0
+
+
+def minmaxvalues(dt):
+    if dt == "ubyte":
+        return 0, 255
+    elif dt == "uword":
+        return 0, 65535
+    elif dt == "byte":
+        return -128, 127
+    elif dt == "word":
+        return -32768, 32767
+    elif dt == "float":
+        return -99999999, 99999999
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(dt)
+
+
+def gen_test(dt, comparison, left, right, expected):
+    global index
+    etxt = f"{left} {comparison} {right}"
+    if eval(etxt) != expected:
+        raise ValueError("invalid comparison: "+etxt+" for "+dt)
+    if expected:
+        stmt_ok = lambda ix: "num_successes++"
+        stmt_else = lambda ix: f"error({ix})"
+    else:
+        stmt_ok = lambda ix: f"error({ix})"
+        stmt_else = lambda ix: "num_successes++"
+
+    def c(number):
+        if dt not in ("byte", "ubyte"):
+            return f"({number} as {dt})"
+        return str(number)
+
+    print(
+f"""        left = {c(left)}
+        right = {c(right)}
+"""
+    )
+
+    # const <op> const
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if {c(left)} {comparison} {c(right)} {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # const <op> var
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if {c(left)} {comparison} right {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # const <op> expr
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if {c(left)} {comparison} right+zero {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # var <op> const
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left {comparison} {c(right)} {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # var <op> var
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left {comparison} right {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # var <op> expr
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left {comparison} right+zero {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # expr <op> const
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left+zero {comparison} {c(right)} {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # expr <op> var
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left+zero {comparison} right {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+    # expr <op> expr
+    index += 1
+    print(
+f"""        ; test #{index}
+        if left+zero {comparison} right+zero {{
+            {stmt_ok(index)}
+        }} else {{
+            {stmt_else(index)}
+        }}
+""")
+
+
+def gen_comp_header(dt, operator):
+    print("        ; tests: ", dt, operator)
+    print("        comparison = \""+operator+"\"")
+    print("        txt.print(datatype)")
+    print("        txt.spc()")
+    print("        txt.print(comparison)")
+    print("        txt.nl()")
+
+
+def gen_comp_equal(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, "==")
+    gen_test(dt, "==", 0, 0, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", 0, 1, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", 100, 100, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", 100, 101, False)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 200, 200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 200, 201, False)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 9999, 9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 9999, 10000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0x5000, 0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0x5000, 0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0x5000, 0x4fff, False)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 30000, 30000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 30000, 30001, False)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0xf000, 0xf000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0xf000, 0xf001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0xf000, 0xffff, False)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", 0, -1, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -100, -100, True)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -200, -200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -200, -201, False)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -0x5000, -0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -0x5000, -0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -0x5000, -0x4fff, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -9999, -9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "==", -9999, -10000, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", minval, minval, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", minval, minval+1, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", maxval, maxval, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "==", maxval, maxval-1, False)
+
+
+def gen_comp_notequal(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, "!=")
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", 0, 0, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", 0, 1, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", 100, 100, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", 100, 101, True)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 200, 200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 200, 201, True)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 9999, 9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 9999, 10000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0x5000, 0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0x5000, 0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0x5000, 0x4fff, True)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 30000, 30000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 30000, 30001, True)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0xf000, 0xf000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0xf000, 0xf001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0xf000, 0xffff, True)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", 0, -1, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -100, -100, False)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -200, -200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -200, -201, True)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -0x5000, -0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -0x5000, -0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -0x5000, -0x4fff, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -9999, -9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "!=", -9999, -10000, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", minval, minval, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", minval, minval+1, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", maxval, maxval, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "!=", maxval, maxval-1, True)
+
+
+def gen_comp_less(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, "<")
+    gen_test(dt, "<", 0, 0, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "<", 0, 1, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<", 100, 100, False)
+    gen_test(dt, "<", 100, 101, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<", 100, 99, False)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 200, 200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 200, 201, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 200, 199, False)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 9999, 9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 9999, 10000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 9999, 9998, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0x5000, 0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0x5000, 0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0x5000, 0x4fff, False)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 30000, 30000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 30000, 30001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 30000, 29999, False)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0xf000, 0xf000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0xf000, 0xf001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0xf000, 0xefff, False)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", 0, -1, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -100, -100, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -100, -101, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -100, -99, True)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -200, -200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -200, -201, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -200, -199, True)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -0x5000, -0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -0x5000, -0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -0x5000, -0x4fff, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -9999, -9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -9999, -10000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<", -9999, -9998, True)
+
+
+def gen_comp_greater(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, ">")
+    gen_test(dt, ">", 0, 0, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">", 0, 1, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">", 100, 100, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">", 100, 101, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">", 100, 99, True)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 200, 200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 200, 201, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 200, 199, True)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 9999, 9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 9999, 10000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 9999, 9998, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0x5000, 0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0x5000, 0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0x5000, 0x4fff, True)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 30000, 30000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 30000, 30001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 30000, 29999, True)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0xf000, 0xf000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0xf000, 0xf001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0xf000, 0xefff, True)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", 0, -1, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -100, -100, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -100, -101, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -100, -99, False)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -200, -200, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -200, -201, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -200, -199, False)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -0x5000, -0x5000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -0x5000, -0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -0x5000, -0x4fff, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -9999, -9999, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -9999, -10000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">", -9999, -9998, False)
+
+
+def gen_comp_lessequal(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, "<=")
+    gen_test(dt, "<=", 0, 0, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<=", 0, 1, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<=", 100, 100, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<=", 100, 101, True)
+    gen_test(dt, "<=", 100, 99, False)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 200, 200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 200, 201, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 200, 199, False)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 9999, 9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 9999, 10000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 9999, 9998, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0x5000, 0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0x5000, 0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0x5000, 0x4fff, False)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 30000, 30000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 30000, 30001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 30000, 29999, False)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0xf000, 0xf000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0xf000, 0xf001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0xf000, 0xefff, False)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", 0, -1, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -100, -100, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -100, -101, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -100, -99, True)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -200, -200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -200, -201, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -200, -199, True)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -0x5000, -0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -0x5000, -0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -0x5000, -0x4fff, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -9999, -9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -9999, -10000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, "<=", -9999, -9998, True)
+
+
+def gen_comp_greaterequal(dt):
+    minval, maxval = minmaxvalues(dt)
+    gen_comp_header(dt, ">=")
+    gen_test(dt, ">=", 0, 0, True)
+    gen_test(dt, ">=", 0, 1, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">=", 100, 100, True)
+    gen_test(dt, ">=", 100, 101, False)
+    gen_test(dt, ">=", 100, 99, True)
+    if maxval >= 200:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 200, 200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 200, 201, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 200, 199, True)
+    if maxval >= 9999:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 9999, 9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 9999, 10000, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 9999, 9998, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0x5000, 0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0x5000, 0x5001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0x5000, 0x4fff, True)
+    if maxval >= 30000:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 30000, 30000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 30000, 30001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 30000, 29999, True)
+    if maxval >= 40000:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0xf000, 0xf000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0xf000, 0xf001, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0xf000, 0xefff, True)
+    if minval < 0:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", 0, -1, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -100, -100, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -100, -101, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -100, -99, False)
+    if minval < -200:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -200, -200, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -200, -201, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -200, -199, False)
+    if minval < -9999:
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -0x5000, -0x5000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -0x5000, -0x5001, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -0x5000, -0x4fff, False)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -9999, -9999, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -9999, -10000, True)
+        gen_test(dt, ">=", -9999, -9998, False)
+
+
+def generate_test_routine_equalsnotequals(dt):
+    print(f"""
+    sub test_comparisons() {{
+        {dt}  left
+        {dt}  right
+        {dt}  zero = 0
+""")
+    gen_comp_equal(dt)
+    gen_comp_notequal(dt)
+    print("    }")
+
+
+def generate_test_routine_lessgreater(dt):
+    print(f"""
+    sub test_comparisons() {{
+        {dt}  left
+        {dt}  right
+        {dt}  zero = 0
+""")
+    gen_comp_less(dt)
+    gen_comp_greater(dt)
+    print("    }")
+
+
+def generate_test_routine_lessequalsgreaterequals(dt):
+    print(f"""
+    sub test_comparisons() {{
+        {dt}  left
+        {dt}  right
+        {dt}  zero = 0
+""")
+    gen_comp_lessequal(dt)
+    gen_comp_greaterequal(dt)
+    print("    }")
+
+
+def generate(dt, operators):
+    global index
+    index = 0
+    print(f"""
+%import textio
+%import floats
+%import test_stack
+%zeropage basicsafe
+
+main {{
+    uword num_errors = 0
+    uword num_successes = 0
+    str datatype = "{dt}"
+    uword comparison
+
+    sub start() {{
+        test_comparisons()
+        print_results()
+        test_stack.test()
+    }}
+
+    sub error(uword index) {{
+        txt.print(" ! error in test ")
+        txt.print_uw(index)
+        txt.chrout(' ')
+        txt.print(datatype)
+        txt.chrout(' ')
+        txt.print(comparison)
+        txt.nl()
+        num_errors++
+    }}
+""")
+
+    if operators=="eq":
+        generate_test_routine_equalsnotequals(dt)
+    elif operators=="lt":
+        generate_test_routine_lessgreater(dt)
+    elif operators=="lteq":
+        generate_test_routine_lessequalsgreaterequals(dt)
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(operators)
+
+    print(f"""
+    sub print_results() {{
+        txt.nl()
+        txt.print("total {index}: ")
+        txt.print_uw(num_successes)
+        txt.print(" good, ")
+        txt.print_uw(num_errors)
+        txt.print(" errors!\\n")
+    }}
+}}
+""")
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for dt in ["ubyte", "uword", "byte", "word", "float"]:
+        sys.stdout = open(f"test_{dt}_eq.p8", "wt")
+        generate(dt, "eq")
+        sys.stdout = open(f"test_{dt}_lt.p8", "wt")
+        generate(dt, "lt")
+        sys.stdout = open(f"test_{dt}_lteq.p8", "wt")
+        generate(dt, "lteq")

compiler/test/performance/perf10.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy10 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy10num) {
         number = 1
         planet10.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy10num-1 {
             nextgalaxy10()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy10() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -576,8 +580,10 @@ galaxy10 {
             planet10.species_look = (seed2_msb ^ msb(seed[1])) & 7   ;bits 0-2 of (w0_hi EOR w1_hi)
             planet10.species_kind = (planet10.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
-
-        planet10.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet10.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet10.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet10.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet10.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf2.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy2 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy2num) {
         number = 1
         planet2.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy2num-1 {
             nextgalaxy2()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy2() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy2 {
             planet2.species_kind = (planet2.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet2.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet2.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet2.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet2.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet2.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf3.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy3 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy3num) {
         number = 1
         planet3.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy3num-1 {
             nextgalaxy3()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy3() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy3 {
             planet3.species_kind = (planet3.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet3.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet3.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet3.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet3.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet3.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf4.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy4 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy4num) {
         number = 1
         planet4.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy4num-1 {
             nextgalaxy4()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy4() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy4 {
             planet4.species_kind = (planet4.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet4.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet4.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet4.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet4.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet4.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf5.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy5 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy5num) {
         number = 1
         planet5.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy5num-1 {
             nextgalaxy5()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy5() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy5 {
             planet5.species_kind = (planet5.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet5.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet5.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet5.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet5.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet5.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf6.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy6 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy6num) {
         number = 1
         planet6.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy6num-1 {
             nextgalaxy6()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy6() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy6 {
             planet6.species_kind = (planet6.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet6.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet6.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet6.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet6.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet6.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf7.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy7 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy7num) {
         number = 1
         planet7.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy7num-1 {
             nextgalaxy7()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy7() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy7 {
             planet7.species_kind = (planet7.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet7.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet7.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet7.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet7.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet7.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf8.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy8 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy8num) {
         number = 1
         planet8.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy8num-1 {
             nextgalaxy8()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy8() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -577,7 +581,10 @@ galaxy8 {
             planet8.species_kind = (planet8.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet8.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet8.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet8.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet8.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet8.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perf9.p8

@@ -396,14 +396,18 @@ galaxy9 {
     sub init(ubyte galaxy9num) {
         number = 1
         planet9.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxy9num-1 {
             nextgalaxy9()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy9() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -576,8 +580,10 @@ galaxy9 {
             planet9.species_look = (seed2_msb ^ msb(seed[1])) & 7   ;bits 0-2 of (w0_hi EOR w1_hi)
             planet9.species_kind = (planet9.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
-
-        planet9.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet9.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet9.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet9.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet9.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compiler/test/performance/perftest.p8

@@ -406,14 +406,18 @@ galaxy {
     sub init(ubyte galaxynum) {
         number = 1
         planet.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxynum-1 {
             nextgalaxy()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -587,7 +591,10 @@ galaxy {
             planet.species_kind = (planet.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

compilerAst/src/prog8/ast/AstToSourceCode.kt

@@ -121,8 +121,7 @@ class AstToSourceCode(val output: (text: String) -> Unit, val program: Program):
 
         output(datatypeString(decl.datatype))
         if(decl.arraysize!=null) {
-            decl.arraysize!!.indexNum?.accept(this)
-            decl.arraysize!!.indexVar?.accept(this)
+            decl.arraysize!!.indexExpr.accept(this)
         }
         if(decl.isArray)
             output("]")
@@ -365,8 +364,7 @@ class AstToSourceCode(val output: (text: String) -> Unit, val program: Program):
     override fun visit(arrayIndexedExpression: ArrayIndexedExpression) {
         arrayIndexedExpression.arrayvar.accept(this)
         output("[")
-        arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexNum?.accept(this)
-        arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexVar?.accept(this)
+        arrayIndexedExpression.indexer.indexExpr.accept(this)
         output("]")
     }
 

compilerAst/src/prog8/ast/base/Base.kt

@@ -60,7 +60,13 @@ enum class DataType {
 enum class CpuRegister {
     A,
     X,
-    Y
+    Y;
+
+    fun asRegisterOrPair(): RegisterOrPair = when(this) {
+        A -> RegisterOrPair.A
+        X -> RegisterOrPair.X
+        Y -> RegisterOrPair.Y
+    }
 }
 
 enum class RegisterOrPair {

compilerAst/src/prog8/ast/expressions/AstExpressions.kt

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import prog8.ast.base.*
 import prog8.ast.statements.*
 import prog8.ast.walk.AstWalker
 import prog8.ast.walk.IAstVisitor
-import java.util.*
+import java.util.Objects
 import kotlin.math.abs
 
 
@@ -542,6 +542,14 @@ class ArrayLiteralValue(val type: InferredTypes.InferredType,     // inferred be
         return type==other.type && value.contentEquals(other.value)
     }
 
+    fun memsize(memsizer: IMemSizer): Int {
+        if(type.isKnown) {
+            val eltType = ArrayElementTypes.getValue(type.typeOrElse(DataType.STRUCT))
+            return memsizer.memorySize(eltType) * value.size
+        }
+        else throw IllegalArgumentException("array datatype is not yet known")
+    }
+
     fun guessDatatype(program: Program): InferredTypes.InferredType {
         // Educated guess of the desired array literal's datatype.
         // If it's inside a for loop, assume the data type of the loop variable is what we want.

compilerAst/src/prog8/ast/statements/AstStatements.kt

@@ -221,14 +221,20 @@ open class VarDecl(val type: VarDeclType,
         value?.linkParents(this)
         if(structName!=null) {
             val structStmt = definingScope().lookup(listOf(structName), this)
-            if(structStmt!=null)
-                struct = definingScope().lookup(listOf(structName), this) as StructDecl
+            if(structStmt!=null) {
+                val node = definingScope().lookup(listOf(structName), this)
+                if(node is StructDecl)
+                    struct = node
+                else
+                    datatypeErrors.add(SyntaxError("invalid datatype declaration", position))
+            }
         }
     }
 
     override fun replaceChildNode(node: Node, replacement: Node) {
-        // TODO the check that node===value is too strict sometimes, but leaving it out allows for bugs to creep through ... :( Perhaps check when adding the replace if there is already a replace on the same node?
-        require(replacement is Expression)
+        require(replacement is Expression && node===value)
+        // NOTE: ideally you also want to check that node===value but this sometimes crashes the optimizer when queueing multiple node replacements
+        //       just accept the risk of having the wrong node specified in the IAstModification object...
         value = replacement
         replacement.parent = this
     }
@@ -274,46 +280,19 @@ class ParameterVarDecl(name: String, declaredDatatype: DataType, position: Posit
     : VarDecl(VarDeclType.VAR, declaredDatatype, ZeropageWish.DONTCARE, null, name, null, null, false, true, position)
 
 
-class ArrayIndex(var origExpression: Expression?,            // will be replaced later by either the number or the identifier
+class ArrayIndex(var indexExpr: Expression,
                  override val position: Position) : Node {
-    // for code simplicity, either indexed via a constant number or via a variable (no arbitrary expressions)
     override lateinit var parent: Node
-    var indexNum: NumericLiteralValue? = origExpression as? NumericLiteralValue
-    var indexVar: IdentifierReference? = origExpression as? IdentifierReference
-
-    init {
-        if(indexNum!=null || indexVar!=null)
-            origExpression = null
-    }
 
     override fun linkParents(parent: Node) {
         this.parent = parent
-        origExpression?.linkParents(this)
-        indexNum?.linkParents(this)
-        indexVar?.linkParents(this)
+        indexExpr.linkParents(this)
     }
 
     override fun replaceChildNode(node: Node, replacement: Node) {
         require(replacement is Expression)
-        when {
-            node===origExpression -> origExpression = replacement
-            node===indexVar -> {
-                when (replacement) {
-                    is NumericLiteralValue -> {
-                        indexVar = null
-                        indexNum = replacement
-                    }
-                    is IdentifierReference -> {
-                        indexVar = replacement
-                        indexNum = null
-                    }
-                    else -> {
-                        throw FatalAstException("invalid replace")
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else -> throw FatalAstException("invalid replace")
-        }
+        if (node===indexExpr) indexExpr = replacement
+        else throw FatalAstException("invalid replace")
     }
 
     companion object {
@@ -323,29 +302,16 @@ class ArrayIndex(var origExpression: Expression?,            // will be replaced
         }
     }
 
-    fun accept(visitor: IAstVisitor) {
-        origExpression?.accept(visitor)
-        indexNum?.accept(visitor)
-        indexVar?.accept(visitor)
-    }
-    fun accept(visitor: AstWalker, parent: Node) {
-        origExpression?.accept(visitor, this)
-        indexNum?.accept(visitor, this)
-        indexVar?.accept(visitor, this)
-    }
+    fun accept(visitor: IAstVisitor) = indexExpr.accept(visitor)
+    fun accept(visitor: AstWalker, parent: Node)  = indexExpr.accept(visitor, this)
 
     override fun toString(): String {
-        return("ArrayIndex($indexNum, $indexVar, pos=$position)")
+        return("ArrayIndex($indexExpr, pos=$position)")
     }
 
-    fun constIndex() = indexNum?.number?.toInt()
+    fun constIndex() = (indexExpr as? NumericLiteralValue)?.number?.toInt()
 
-    infix fun isSameAs(other: ArrayIndex): Boolean {
-        return if(indexNum!=null || indexVar!=null)
-            indexNum==other.indexNum && indexVar == other.indexVar
-        else
-            other.origExpression!=null && origExpression!! isSameAs other.origExpression!!
-    }
+    infix fun isSameAs(other: ArrayIndex): Boolean = indexExpr isSameAs other.indexExpr
 }
 
 open class Assignment(var target: AssignTarget, var value: Expression, override val position: Position) : Statement() {
@@ -645,14 +611,11 @@ class AsmGenInfo {
     // Conceptually it should be part of any INameScope.
     // But because the resulting code only creates "real" scopes on a subroutine level,
     // it's more consistent to only define these attributes on a Subroutine node.
-    var usedAutoArrayIndexerForStatements = mutableListOf<ArrayIndexerInfo>()
     var usedRegsaveA = false
     var usedRegsaveX = false
     var usedRegsaveY = false
     var usedFloatEvalResultVar1 = false
     var usedFloatEvalResultVar2 = false
-
-    class ArrayIndexerInfo(val name: String, val replaces: ArrayIndex)
 }
 
 // the subroutine class covers both the normal user-defined subroutines,
@@ -728,7 +691,7 @@ class Subroutine(override val name: String,
             .asSequence()
             .filter { it is InlineAssembly }
             .map { (it as InlineAssembly).assembly }
-            .count { " rti" in it || "\trti" in it || " rts" in it || "\trts" in it || " jmp" in it || "\tjmp" in it }
+            .count { " rti" in it || "\trti" in it || " rts" in it || "\trts" in it || " jmp" in it || "\tjmp" in it || " bra" in it || "\tbra" in it}
 }
 
 
@@ -1000,6 +963,9 @@ class StructDecl(override val name: String,
     val numberOfElements: Int
         get() = this.statements.size
 
+    fun memsize(memsizer: IMemSizer) =
+        statements.map { memsizer.memorySize((it as VarDecl).datatype) }.sum()
+
     override fun accept(visitor: IAstVisitor) = visitor.visit(this)
     override fun accept(visitor: AstWalker, parent: Node) = visitor.visit(this, parent)
 

compilerAst/src/prog8/ast/walk/AstWalker.kt

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ interface IAstModification {
         }
     }
 
-    class ReplaceNode(private val node: Node, private val replacement: Node, private val parent: Node) :
+    class ReplaceNode(val node: Node, private val replacement: Node, private val parent: Node) :
         IAstModification {
         override fun perform() {
             parent.replaceChildNode(node, replacement)
@@ -158,9 +158,19 @@ abstract class AstWalker {
     open fun after(whileLoop: WhileLoop, parent: Node): Iterable<IAstModification> = emptyList()
 
     private val modifications = mutableListOf<Triple<IAstModification, Node, Node>>()
+    // private val modificationsReplacedNodes = mutableSetOf<Pair<Node, Position>>()
 
     private fun track(mods: Iterable<IAstModification>, node: Node, parent: Node) {
-        for (it in mods) modifications += Triple(it, node, parent)
+        for (it in mods) {
+//            if(it is IAstModification.ReplaceNode) {
+//                val replaceKey = Pair(it.node, it.node.position)
+//                if(replaceKey in modificationsReplacedNodes)
+//                    throw FatalAstException("there already is a node replacement for $replaceKey - optimizer can't deal with multiple replacements for same node yet. Split the ast modification?")
+//                else
+//                    modificationsReplacedNodes.add(replaceKey)
+//            }
+            modifications += Triple(it, node, parent)
+        }
     }
 
     fun applyModifications(): Int {
@@ -169,6 +179,7 @@ abstract class AstWalker {
         }
         val amount = modifications.size
         modifications.clear()
+//        modificationsReplacedNodes.clear()
         return amount
     }
 

docs/source/index.rst

@@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ Language features
 - Provide high level programming constructs but at the same time stay close to the metal;
   still able to directly use memory addresses and ROM subroutines,
   and inline assembly to have full control when every register, cycle or byte matters
-- Arbitrary number of subroutine parameters, Complex nested expressions are possible
-- No stack frame allocations because parameters and local variables are automatically allocated statically
+- Subroutines with parameters and return values
+- complex nested expressions are possible
+- Variables are allocated statically
 - Nested subroutines can access variables from outer scopes to avoids the overhead to pass everything via parameters
 - Variable data types include signed and unsigned bytes and words, arrays, strings and floats.
 - High-level code optimizations, such as const-folding, expression and statement simplifications/rewriting.

docs/source/libraries.rst

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ conv
 Routines to convert strings to numbers or vice versa.
 
 - numbers to strings, in various formats (binary, hex, decimal)
-- strings in decimal, hex and binary format into numbers
+- strings in decimal, hex and binary format into numbers (bytes, words)
 
 
 textio (txt.*)

docs/source/programming.rst

@@ -739,9 +739,11 @@ sin16(x)
 
 sqrt16(w)
     16 bit unsigned integer Square root. Result is unsigned byte.
+    To do the reverse, squaring an integer, just write ``x*x``.
 
 sqrt(x)
     Floating point Square root.
+    To do the reverse, squaring a floating point number, just write ``x*x`` or ``x**2``.
 
 tan(x)
     Tangent.
@@ -757,11 +759,12 @@ all(x)
     1 ('true') if all of the values in the array value x are 'true' (not zero), else 0 ('false')
 
 len(x)
-    Number of values in the array value x, or the number of characters in a string (excluding the size or 0-byte).
+    Number of values in the array value x, or the number of characters in a string (excluding the 0-byte).
     Note: this can be different from the number of *bytes* in memory if the datatype isn't a byte. See sizeof().
     Note: lengths of strings and arrays are determined at compile-time! If your program modifies the actual
-    length of the string during execution, the value of len(string) may no longer be correct!
-    (use strlen function if you want to dynamically determine the length)
+    length of the string during execution, the value of len(s) may no longer be correct!
+    (use the ``string.length`` routine if you want to dynamically determine the length by counting to the
+    first 0-byte)
 
 max(x)
     Maximum of the values in the array value x
@@ -788,6 +791,12 @@ sort(array)
 
 Miscellaneous
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+cmp(x,y)
+    Compare the integer value x to integer value y. Doesn't return a value or boolean result, only sets the processor's status bits!
+    You can use a conditional jumps (``if_cc`` etcetera) to act on this.
+    Normally you should just use a comparison expression (``x < y``)
+
 lsb(x)
     Get the least significant byte of the word x. Equivalent to the cast "x as ubyte".
 
@@ -824,6 +833,9 @@ rndw()
 rndf()
     returns a pseudo-random float between 0.0 and 1.0
 
+fastrnd8()
+    returns a pseudo-random byte from 0..255 (using a fast but not very good rng)
+
 rol(x)
     Rotate the bits in x (byte or word) one position to the left.
     This uses the CPU's rotate semantics: bit 0 will be set to the current value of the Carry flag,

docs/source/syntaxreference.rst

@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ flag such as Carry (Pc).
     Asmsubs can also be tagged as ``inline asmsub`` to make trivial pieces of assembly inserted
     directly instead of a call to them. Note that it is literal copy-paste of code that is done,
     so make sure the assembly is actually written to behave like such - which probably means you
-    don't want a ``rts`` or ``jmp`` in it!
+    don't want a ``rts`` or ``jmp`` or ``bra`` in it!
 
 
 .. note::

docs/source/todo.rst

@@ -2,18 +2,16 @@
 TODO
 ====
 
-- optimize assigning array and struct variables (multi-element assings -> memcopy)
+- optimize several inner loops in gfx2
 - hoist all variable declarations up to the subroutine scope *before* even the constant folding takes place (to avoid undefined symbol errors when referring to a variable from another nested scope in the subroutine)
 - optimize swap of two memread values with index, using the same pointer expression/variable, like swap(@(ptr+1), @(ptr+2))
-- optimize several inner loops in gfx2
-- try to fix the bresenham line routines in graphics and gfx2 (sometimes they're a pixel 'off')
-- add modes 2 and 3 to gfx2 (lowres 4 color and 16 color)
 - add a flood fill routine to gfx2?
+- add modes 2 and 3 to gfx2 (lowres 4 color and 16 color) ?
 - add a f_seek() routine for the Cx16 that uses its seek dos api?
 - refactor the asmgen into their own submodule?
 - refactor the compiler optimizers into their own submodule?
 - optimizer: detect variables that are written but never read - mark those as unused too and remove them, such as uword unused = memory("unused222", 20) - also remove the memory slab allocation
-- add a compiler option to not remove unused subroutines. this allows for building library programs
+- add a compiler option to not remove unused subroutines. this allows for building library programs. But this won't work with 64tass's .proc ...
 - make it possible to use cpu opcodes such as 'nop' as variable names by prefixing all asm vars with something such as ``v_``
 - option to load the built-in library files from a directory instead of the embedded ones (for easier library development/debugging)
 - c64: make the graphics.BITMAP_ADDRESS configurable (VIC banking)

examples/balloonflight.p8

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ main {
                 active_height--
                 upwards = false
             } else {
-                target_height = 8 + rnd() % 16
+                target_height = 8 + fastrnd8() % 16
                 if upwards
                     mountain = 233
                 else
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ main {
             txt.scroll_left(true)
 
             ; float the balloon
-            if rnd() & %10000
+            if fastrnd8() & %10000
                 c64.SPXY[1] ++
             else
                 c64.SPXY[1] --
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ main {
                 txt.setcc(39, yy, 160, 8)        ; draw mountain
             }
 
-            yy = rnd()
+            yy = fastrnd8()
             if yy > 100 {
                 ; draw a star
-                txt.setcc(39, yy % (active_height-1), '.', rnd())
+                txt.setcc(39, yy % (active_height-1), '.', fastrnd8())
             }
 
             if yy > 200 {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ main {
                     tree = 88
                 else if yy & %00100000 != 0
                     tree = 65
-                if rnd() > 130
+                if fastrnd8() > 130
                     treecolor = 13
                 txt.setcc(39, active_height, tree, treecolor)
             }

examples/balls.p8

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ main {
         ; Setup Starting Ball Positions
         ubyte lp
         for lp in 0 to ballCount-1 {
-            BX[lp] = rnd() % txt.DEFAULT_WIDTH
-            BY[lp] = rnd() % txt.DEFAULT_HEIGHT
-            BC[lp] = rnd() & 15
-            DX[lp] = rnd() & 1
-            DY[lp] = rnd() & 1
-            void rnd()
+            BX[lp] = fastrnd8() % txt.DEFAULT_WIDTH
+            BY[lp] = fastrnd8() % txt.DEFAULT_HEIGHT
+            BC[lp] = fastrnd8() & 15
+            DX[lp] = fastrnd8() & 1
+            DY[lp] = fastrnd8() & 1
+            void fastrnd8()
         }
 
         ; start clock

examples/cmp/comparison_ifs_byte.p8

@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%zeropage basicsafe
-
-; Note: this program is compatible with C64 and CX16.
-
-main {
-
-    sub start()  {
-
-        byte v1
-        byte v2
-
-        v1 = 100
-        v2 = 127
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 100==127!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 not == 127\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 != 127\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100!=127!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 < 127\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<127!\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 <= 127\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<=127!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>127!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >127\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>=127!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >=127\n")
-
-
-        v1 = 125
-        v2 = 22
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 125==22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 not == 22\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 != 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125!=22!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 125<22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 is not < 22\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("error in 125<=22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 is not <= 22\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 > 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125>22!\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 >= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125>=22!\n")
-
-        v1 = 22
-        v2 = 22
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 == 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22==22!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in 22!=22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not != 22\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 22<22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not < 22\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 <= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22<=22!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 22>22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not > 22\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 >= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22>=22!\n")
-    }
-}

examples/cmp/comparison_ifs_float.p8

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%import floats
-%zeropage basicsafe
-
-; Note: this program is compatible with C64 and CX16.
-
-main {
-
-    sub start()  {
-
-        float v1
-        float v2
-
-        v1 = 1.11
-        v2 = 699.99
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 1.11==699.99!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 not == 699.99\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 != 699.99\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1.11!=699.99!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 < 699.99\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1.11<699.99!\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 <= 699.99\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1.11<=699.99!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 1.11>699.99!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 is not >699.99\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("error in 1.11>=699.99!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1.11 is not >=699.99\n")
-
-
-        v1 = 555.5
-        v2 = -22.2
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 555.5==-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 not == -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 != -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 555.5!=-22.2!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 555.5<-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 is not < -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("error in 555.5<=-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 is not <= -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 > -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 555.5>-22.2!\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 555.5 >= -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 555.5>=-22.2!\n")
-
-        v1 = -22.2
-        v2 = -22.2
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 == -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -22.2==-22.2!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in -22.2!=-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 is not != -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in -22.2<-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 is not < -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 <= -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -22.2<=-22.2!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in -22.2>-22.2!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 is not > -22.2\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: -22.2 >= -22.2\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -22.2>=-22.2!\n")
-    }
-}

examples/cmp/comparison_ifs_ubyte.p8

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%zeropage basicsafe
-
-
-; Note: this program is compatible with C64 and CX16.
-
-main {
-
-    sub start()  {
-
-        ubyte v1
-        ubyte v2
-
-        v1 = 100
-        v2 = 200
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 100==200!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 not == 200\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 != 200\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100!=200!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 < 200\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<200!\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 <= 200\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<=200!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>200!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >200\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>=200!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >=200\n")
-
-
-        v1 = 155
-        v2 = 22
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 155==22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 155 not == 22\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 155 != 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 155!=22!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 155<22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 155 is not < 22\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("error in 155<=22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 155 is not <= 22\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("ok: 155 > 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 155>22!\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 155 >= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 155>=22!\n")
-
-        v1 = 22
-        v2 = 22
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 == 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22==22!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in 22!=22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not != 22\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 22<22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not < 22\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 <= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22<=22!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 22>22!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 22 is not > 22\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 22 >= 22\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 22>=22!\n")
-    }
-}

examples/cmp/comparison_ifs_uword.p8

@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%zeropage basicsafe
-
-; Note: this program is compatible with C64 and CX16.
-
-main {
-
-    sub start()  {
-
-        uword v1
-        uword v2
-
-        v1 = 100
-        v2 = 64444
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 100==64444!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 not == 64444\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 != 64444\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100!=64444!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 < 64444\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<64444!\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 <= 64444\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<=64444!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>64444!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >64444\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>=64444!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >=64444\n")
-
-
-        v1 = 5555
-        v2 = 322
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 5555==322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 not == 322\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 != 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 5555!=322!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 5555<322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 is not < 322\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("error in 5555<=322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 is not <= 322\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 > 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 5555>322!\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 5555 >= 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 5555>=322!\n")
-
-        v1 = 322
-        v2 = 322
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: 322 == 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 322==322!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in 322!=322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 322 is not != 322\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 322<322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 322 is not < 322\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 322 <= 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 322<=322!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 322>322!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 322 is not > 322\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 322 >= 322\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 322>=322!\n")
-    }
-}

examples/cmp/comparison_ifs_word.p8

@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%zeropage basicsafe
-
-; Note: this program is compatible with C64 and CX16.
-
-main {
-
-    sub start()  {
-
-        word v1
-        word v2
-
-        v1 = 100
-        v2 = 30333
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 100==30333!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 not == 30333\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 != 30333\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100!=30333!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 < 30333\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<30333!\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 100 <= 30333\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 100<=30333!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>30333!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >30333\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("error in 100>=30333!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 100 is not >=30333\n")
-
-
-        v1 = 125
-        v2 = -222
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("error in 125==-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 not == -222\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 != -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125!=-222!\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 125<-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 is not < -222\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("error in 125<=-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 125 is not <= -222\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 > -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125>-222!\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 125 >= -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 125>=-222!\n")
-
-        v1 = -222
-        v2 = -222
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: -222 == -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -222==-222!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in -222!=-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -222 is not != -222\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in -222<-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -222 is not < -222\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: -222 <= -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -222<=-222!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in -222>-222!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: -222 is not > -222\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: -222 >= -222\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in -222>=-222!\n")
-
-        v1 = 1000
-        v2 = 1000
-        if v1==v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 == 1000\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1000==1000!\n")
-
-        if v1!=v2
-            txt.print("error in 1000!=1000!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 is not != 1000\n")
-
-        if v1<v2
-            txt.print("error in 1000<1000!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 is not < 1000\n")
-
-        if v1<=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 <= 1000\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1000<=1000!\n")
-
-        if v1>v2
-            txt.print("error in 1000>1000!\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 is not > 1000\n")
-
-        if v1>=v2
-            txt.print("ok: 1000 >= 1000\n")
-        else
-            txt.print("error in 1000>=1000!\n")
-    }
-}

examples/cmp/word_comps.p8

@@ -1,913 +0,0 @@
-%import textio
-%import floats
-%zeropage basicsafe
-%import test_stack
-
-main {
-
-    sub start() {
-        word_less()
-        word_lessequal()
-        word_greaterequal()
-        word_greater()
-        uword_lessequal()
-    }
-
-    sub uword_lessequal() {
-        uword lessvar
-        uword comparevar
-
-        txt.print("uword <=\n")
-
-        txt.print_uw(65535)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_lesseq_uw(0, 65535)
-        txt.print_uw(0)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_not_lesseq_uw(65535, 0)
-
-        comparevar = 65535
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 65535-2
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 65535-254
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 65535-255
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 65535-256
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 65535-5000
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 32769
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto 0  {
-            check_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-
-        comparevar = 32768
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 1
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 11111
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 255
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 256
-        txt.print_uw(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 65535 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_uw(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-
-        test_stack.test()
-        return
-
-        sub check_lesseq_uw(uword w1, uword w2) {
-            uword zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<=w2
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<=(w2+zero) {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            } else {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_uw(w1)
-                txt.print(" <= ")
-                txt.print_uw(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-
-        sub check_not_lesseq_uw(uword w1, uword w2) {
-            uword zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<=w2
-            if ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<=(w2+zero) {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_uw(w1)
-                txt.print(" not <= ")
-                txt.print_uw(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    sub word_greater() {
-        word biggervar
-        word comparevar
-
-        txt.print("word >\n")
-
-        txt.print_w(-32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_greater_w(32767, -32767)
-        txt.print_w(32766)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_not_greater_w(-32766, 32766)
-
-        comparevar = 32765
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 11111
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -2
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -254
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -5000
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 257
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 32760
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_greater_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-
-        test_stack.test()
-        return
-
-        sub check_greater_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1>(w2+zero)
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ubz!")
-            }
-
-            ub = w1>w2
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1>(w2+zero) {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            } else {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" > ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-
-        sub check_not_greater_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1>w2
-            if ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1>(w2+zero) {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if w1>w2 {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c2!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" not > ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    sub word_greaterequal() {
-        word biggervar
-        word comparevar
-
-        txt.print("word >=\n")
-
-        txt.print_w(-32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_greatereq_w(32767, -32767)
-        txt.print_w(32766)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_not_greatereq_w(-32766, 32766)
-
-        comparevar = 32765
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar-1 downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar-1 downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar-1 downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 11111
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in comparevar-1 downto -32768  {
-            check_not_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -2
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -254
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -5000
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 257
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 32767
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for biggervar in 32767 downto comparevar  {
-            check_greatereq_w(biggervar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-
-        test_stack.test()
-        return
-
-        sub check_greatereq_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1>=(w2+zero)
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ubz!")
-            }
-
-            ub = w1>=w2
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1>=(w2+zero) {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            } else {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" >= ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-
-        sub check_not_greatereq_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1>=w2
-            if ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1>=(w2+zero) {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if w1>=w2 {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c2!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" not >= ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    sub word_lessequal() {
-        word lessvar
-        word comparevar
-
-        txt.print("word <=\n")
-
-        txt.print_w(32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_lesseq_w(-32767, 32767)
-        txt.print_w(-32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_not_lesseq_w(32767, -32767)
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -2
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -254
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -5000
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 257
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 32767
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in comparevar downto -32768  {
-            check_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-
-        comparevar = -32768
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 11111
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto comparevar+1  {
-            check_not_lesseq_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        test_stack.test()
-        return
-
-        sub check_lesseq_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<=w2
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<=(w2+zero) {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            } else {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" <= ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-
-        sub check_not_lesseq_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<=w2
-            if ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<=(w2+zero) {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" not <= ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    sub word_less() {
-        word lessvar
-        word comparevar
-
-        txt.print("word <\n")
-
-        txt.print_w(32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_less_w(-32767, 32767)
-        txt.print_w(-32767)
-        txt.nl()
-        check_not_less_w(32767, -32767)
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -1 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -2
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -3 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -254
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -255 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -256 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -257 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -5000
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in -5001 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 0 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 255
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 254 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 256
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 255 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 257
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 256 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 32767
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto -32768  {
-            check_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -32768
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto -32768  {
-            check_not_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = -1
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto -1  {
-            check_not_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 0
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto 0  {
-            check_not_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        comparevar = 11111
-        txt.print_w(comparevar)
-        txt.nl()
-        for lessvar in 32766 downto 11111  {
-            check_not_less_w(lessvar, comparevar)
-        }
-
-        test_stack.test()
-        return
-
-        sub check_less_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<w2
-            if not ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<(w2+zero) {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            } else {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" < ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-
-        sub check_not_less_w(word w1, word w2) {
-            word zero = 0
-            ubyte error=0
-
-            ubyte ub = w1<w2
-            if ub {
-                error++
-                txt.print("ub!")
-            }
-
-            if w1<(w2+zero) {
-                error++
-                txt.print("c!")
-            } else {
-                zero = 0 ; dummy
-            }
-
-            if error {
-                txt.print("  ")
-                txt.print_w(w1)
-                txt.print(" not < ")
-                txt.print_w(w2)
-                txt.nl()
-                sys.exit(1)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-}

examples/cx16/amiga.p8

@@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ main {
 
     sub vector_v(uword x, uword y) {
         gfx2.horizontal_line(x, y, 12, 1)
-        gfx2.horizontal_line(x+16, y+16, 12,1)
+        gfx2.horizontal_line(x+16, y+16, 11,1)
         gfx2.line(x,y,x+16,y+16,1)
-        gfx2.line(x+11,y,x+16+6,y+10,1)
-        gfx2.line(x+16+6,y+10,x+48,y-16,1)
-        gfx2.line(x+16+11,y+16,x+48+11,y-16,1)
+        gfx2.line(x+11,y,x+16+5,y+10,1)
+        gfx2.line(x+16+5,y+10,x+47,y-16,1)
+        gfx2.line(x+16+10,y+16,x+46+12,y-16,1)
     }
 
     sub window_system() {
@@ -200,9 +200,9 @@ widget {
         gfx2.horizontal_line(x+width-1-16, y+height-20, 16, 2)
         gfx2.horizontal_line(x+width-1-16, y+height-21, 16, 1)
         gfx2.horizontal_line(x+width-1-16, y+height-30, 16, 2)
-        gfx2.line(x+width-1-12, y+height-23, x+width-8, y+height-28, 1)
+        gfx2.line(x+width-1-13, y+height-23, x+width-9, y+height-28, 1)
         gfx2.line(x+width-1-3, y+height-23, x+width-9, y+height-28, 1)
-        gfx2.line(x+width-1-13, y+height-18, x+width-8, y+height-13, 1)
+        gfx2.line(x+width-1-13, y+height-18, x+width-9, y+height-13, 1)
         gfx2.line(x+width-1-3, y+height-18, x+width-9, y+height-13, 1)
     }
 }

examples/cx16/bobs.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+%target cx16
+%import palette
+%import conv
+%import textio
+
+; "unlimited sprites / bobs" demo effect.
+; Note that everything is prog8, no inline assembly used/required.
+
+
+main {
+    sub start() {
+        cx16.screen_set_mode(0)
+        txt.print("\n\n how many sprites does\n    the commander x16 have?\n")
+        sys.wait(180)
+        txt.print("\n\n the manual says: '128'.\n")
+        sys.wait(80)
+        txt.print("\n\n but that's just a manual...\n")
+        sys.wait(80)
+        txt.print("\n\n let's find out for ourselves,\n        shall we?")
+        sys.wait(180)
+
+        ; enable bitmap mode 320x240, 1 bpp, only layer 1
+        cx16.VERA_DC_VIDEO = (cx16.VERA_DC_VIDEO & %11001111) | %00100000
+        cx16.VERA_DC_HSCALE = 64
+        cx16.VERA_DC_VSCALE = 64
+        cx16.VERA_L1_CONFIG = %00000100
+        cx16.VERA_L1_MAPBASE = 0
+        cx16.VERA_L1_TILEBASE = 0
+
+        ; limit display heigth to 200 pixels to have enough vram for 14 backbuffers
+        const ubyte vstart = 20
+        const ubyte vheight = 200
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = %00000010
+        cx16.VERA_DC_VSTART = vstart
+        cx16.VERA_DC_VSTOP = vstart + vheight - 1
+
+        init_buffers()
+        palette.set_color(0, $000)
+        palette.set_color(1, $af8)
+
+        cx16.set_rasterirq(&irq, 340)           ; time it so that the page flip occurs near the bottom of the screen to avoid tearing
+
+        repeat {
+            ; don't exit
+        }
+    }
+
+    const ubyte num_backbuffers = 12        ; there is vram space for 14 backbuffers.  reduce to make tighter "loops"
+    uword num_bobs = 0
+    ubyte backbuffer = num_backbuffers-1
+    ubyte blitbuffer = 0
+    uword anim1 = $0432
+    uword anim2 = $0123
+    uword anim3 = $4321
+    uword anim4 = $8500
+
+    sub irq() {
+
+        ; palette.set_color(0, $f00)          ; debug rastertime
+
+        ; draw 2 bobs per frame to speed up bob count
+        ubyte vmembase = blitbuffer*4               ; 2048 * 4 per backbuffer
+        blit(vmembase)
+        blitbuffer++
+        if blitbuffer==num_backbuffers
+            blitbuffer=0
+        vmembase = blitbuffer*4                     ; 2048 * 4 per backbuffer
+        blit(vmembase)
+        blitbuffer++
+        if blitbuffer==num_backbuffers
+            blitbuffer=0
+
+        backbuffer++
+        if backbuffer==num_backbuffers {
+            backbuffer=0
+            num_bobs+=2
+        }
+
+        vmembase = backbuffer*4                     ; 2048 * 4 per backbuffer
+        draw_number(vmembase, num_bobs)
+        cx16.VERA_L1_TILEBASE = vmembase << 2       ; flip to next backbuffer
+
+        ; palette.set_color(0, $000)
+    }
+
+    sub init_buffers() {
+        ; erase all vram
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_H = %00010000        ; auto incr 1
+        repeat $ffff
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = 0
+        repeat $f960
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = 0
+    }
+
+    sub blit(ubyte vmembase) {
+        ubyte bank = vmembase>=32
+        uword vmem = vmembase * 2048        ; mkword(vmembase,0) * 8
+        uword blit_x = (cos8u(msb(anim1)) as uword) + sin8u(msb(anim2))/5
+        ubyte blit_y = sin8u(msb(anim3))/2  + cos8u(msb(anim4))/5
+        vmem += blit_x/8 + (blit_y as uword) * 40
+
+        bitshift(lsb(blit_x) & 7)
+
+        ; left column of the (shifted)sprite
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_H = bank | %10110000     ; increment 40 for read (next line)
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 1
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_H = bank | %10110000     ; increment 40 for read (next line)
+        ubyte ix
+        for ix in 0 to len(shifted_sprite)-1 step 3
+            cx16.VERA_DATA1 = cx16.VERA_DATA0 & shifted_mask[ix] | shifted_sprite[ix]
+
+        ; middle column of the (shifted)sprite
+        vmem++
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 1
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        for ix in 1 to len(shifted_sprite)-1 step 3
+            cx16.VERA_DATA1 = cx16.VERA_DATA0 & shifted_mask[ix] | shifted_sprite[ix]
+
+        ; right column of the (shifted)sprite
+        vmem++
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 1
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        for ix in 2 to len(shifted_sprite)-1 step 3
+            cx16.VERA_DATA1 = cx16.VERA_DATA0 & shifted_mask[ix] | shifted_sprite[ix]
+
+        anim1 += 217
+        anim2 += 190
+        anim3 += 222
+        anim4 += 195
+    }
+
+    sub bitshift(ubyte shift) {
+        ubyte yix
+        ubyte yy
+        for yy in 0 to 15 {
+            uword @zp sprw = sprite[yy]
+            uword @zp maskw = mask[yy]
+            ubyte @zp sprite_3 = 0
+            ubyte @zp mask_3 = 255
+            repeat shift {
+                sprw >>= 1
+                ror(sprite_3)
+                sys.set_carry()
+                ror(maskw)
+                ror(mask_3)
+            }
+            shifted_sprite[yix] = msb(sprw)
+            shifted_mask[yix] = msb(maskw)
+            yix++
+            shifted_sprite[yix] = lsb(sprw)
+            shifted_mask[yix] = lsb(maskw)
+            yix++
+            shifted_sprite[yix] = sprite_3
+            shifted_mask[yix] = mask_3
+            yix++
+        }
+    }
+
+    sub draw_number(ubyte vmembase, uword number) {
+        uword vmem = vmembase * 2048        ; mkword(vmembase,0) * 8
+        ubyte bank = vmembase>=32
+        vmem += 35
+        conv.str_uw0(number)
+        uword pixelsptr = &numberpixels + (conv.string_out[1] & 15)*7
+        ubyte pix
+        cx16.VERA_CTRL = 0
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_H = bank | %10110000       ; increment 40 for read (next line)
+        for pix in 0 to 6
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = pixelsptr[pix]
+        vmem++
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        pixelsptr = &numberpixels + (conv.string_out[2] & 15)*7
+        for pix in 0 to 6
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = pixelsptr[pix]
+        vmem++
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        pixelsptr = &numberpixels + (conv.string_out[3] & 15)*7
+        for pix in 0 to 6
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = pixelsptr[pix]
+        vmem++
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_L = lsb(vmem)
+        cx16.VERA_ADDR_M = msb(vmem)
+        pixelsptr = &numberpixels + (conv.string_out[4] & 15)*7
+        for pix in 0 to 6
+            cx16.VERA_DATA0 = pixelsptr[pix]
+    }
+
+    ubyte[10*7] numberpixels = [
+        %00111000,
+        %01000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %00010000,
+        %00110000,
+        %01010000,
+        %00010000,
+        %00010000,
+        %01111100,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %01111000,
+        %10000100,
+        %00011000,
+        %00110000,
+        %01100000,
+        %11111100,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %01111000,
+        %00000100,
+        %00111000,
+        %00000100,
+        %00000100,
+        %11111000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %00010100,
+        %00100100,
+        %01000100,
+        %11111100,
+        %00000100,
+        %00000100,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %11111000,
+        %10000000,
+        %11111000,
+        %00000100,
+        %00000100,
+        %11111000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %01111000,
+        %10000000,
+        %11111000,
+        %10000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %11111100,
+        %00001000,
+        %00010000,
+        %00010000,
+        %00010000,
+        %00010000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %01111000,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111000,
+        %10000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111000,
+        %00000000,
+
+        %01111000,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111100,
+        %00000100,
+        %10000100,
+        %01111000,
+        %00000000
+    ]
+
+    uword[16] sprite = [
+        %0000000000000000,
+        %0110001110000000,
+        %0101001001000000,
+        %0100111001000000,
+        %0100000000100000,
+        %0101001000100000,
+        %0101001000110000,
+        %0100100000101000,
+        %0101111000101000,
+        %0010000001010100,
+        %0001111110010100,
+        %0001000000010000,
+        %0001000000010000,
+        %0001010111010000,
+        %0001101100110000,
+        %0000000000000000
+    ]
+
+    uword[16] mask = [
+        %1111111111111111,
+        %1000000001111111,
+        %1000000000111111,
+        %1000000000111111,
+        %1000000000011111,
+        %1000000000011111,
+        %1000000000001111,
+        %1000000000000111,
+        %1000000000000111,
+        %1100000000001011,
+        %1110000000001011,
+        %1110000000001111,
+        %1110000000001111,
+        %1110000000001111,
+        %1110010011001111,
+        %1111111111111111
+    ]
+
+    ubyte[16*3] shifted_sprite
+    ubyte[16*3] shifted_mask
+}

examples/cx16/cobramk3-gfx.p8

@@ -64,25 +64,25 @@ main {
 
     asmsub print_number_gfx(ubyte num @ A) clobbers(A,Y) {
     	%asm {{
-    		phx
-    		jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
-    		phx
-    		pha
-    		cpy  #'0'
-    		beq  +
-    		tya
-    		jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
-    		pla
-    		jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
-    		jmp  _ones
-    +       pla
+            phx
+            jsr  conv.ubyte2decimal
+            phx
+            pha
+            cpy  #'0'
+            beq  +
+            tya
+            jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
+            pla
+            jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
+            bra  _ones
++           pla
             cmp  #'0'
             beq  _ones
             jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
-    _ones   pla
-    		jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
-    		plx
-    		rts
+_ones       pla
+            jsr  cx16.GRAPH_put_char
+            plx
+            rts
     	}}
     }
 

examples/cx16/kefrenbars.p8

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+%target cx16
+%import palette
+%option no_sysinit
+
+; Vertical rasterbars a.k.a. "Kefren bars"
+; also see: rasterbars.p8
+
+
+main {
+
+    sub start() {
+        uword[32] colors = [
+            $000,
+            $011,  $112,  $213,  $214,
+            $315,  $316,  $417,  $418,
+            $519,  $51a,  $62b,  $62c,
+            $73d,  $73e,  $84f,  $94f,
+            $93e,  $83d,  $82c,  $72b,
+            $71a,  $619,  $618,  $517,
+            $516,  $415,  $414,  $313,
+            $312,  $211,  $100
+        ]
+
+        ; Not yet implemented in ROM:  cx16.FB_set_palette(&colors, 0, len(colors)*3)
+        palette.set_rgb(&colors, len(colors))
+        cx16.screen_set_mode(128)   ; low-res bitmap 256 colors
+        cx16.FB_init()
+        cx16.VERA_DC_VSCALE = 0   ; display trick spoiler.......: stretch display all the way to the bottom
+        cx16.set_rasterirq(&irq.irq, 0)
+
+        repeat {
+            ; don't exit
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+irq {
+    uword next_irq_line = 0
+    ubyte anim1 = 0
+    ubyte av1 = 0
+    ubyte anim2 = 0
+    ubyte av2 = 0
+
+    ubyte[32] pixels = 0 to 31
+
+    sub irq() {
+        next_irq_line += 6
+        anim1 += 4
+        anim2 += 6
+        if next_irq_line > 400 {
+            av1++
+            av2 += 2
+            anim1 = av1
+            anim2 = av2
+            next_irq_line = 0
+            ; erase the bars
+            cx16.FB_cursor_position(0, 0)
+            cx16.FB_fill_pixels(320, 1, 0)
+        } else {
+            ; add new bar
+            cx16.FB_cursor_position(sin8u(anim1)/2 + cos8u(anim2)/2 + $0010, 0)
+            cx16.FB_set_pixels(pixels, len(pixels))
+        }
+
+        cx16.set_rasterline(next_irq_line)
+    }
+}

examples/cx16/rasterbars.p8

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 %import textio
 %import palette
 
+; horizontal raster bars
+; also see: kefrenbars.p8
+
+
 main {
 
     sub start() {
@@ -9,7 +13,6 @@ main {
         txt.plot(14,14)
         txt.print("raster bars!")
 
-        cx16.rombank(0)     ; switch to kernal rom for faster irq handling
         cx16.set_rasterirq(&irq.irq, 0)
 
         repeat {

examples/cx16/testgfx2.p8

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 %import gfx2
 %import textio
 %import test_stack
-%zeropage dontuse
 
 main {
 

examples/cx16/vtui/testvtui.p8

@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 %target cx16
 %import textio
 %option no_sysinit
+%zeropage basicsafe
+
+; simple test program for the "VTUI" text user interface library
+; see:  https://github.com/JimmyDansbo/VTUIlib
 
 main {
     sub start() {
-        ; todo feedback: new routines at the end of the jump table so existing jump vectors remain unchanged
+        vtui.initialize()
+        store_logo()
 
         txt.lowercase()
-
-        vtui.initialize()
         vtui.screen_set(2)
         vtui.clr_scr('%', $50)
         vtui.gotoxy(5,5)
@@ -16,29 +19,46 @@ main {
         vtui.gotoxy(10,10)
         vtui.border(1, 40, 6, $47)
         vtui.gotoxy(12,12)
-        vtui.print_str(@"Hello, world! vtui from Prog8!", $f2, $80)
+        vtui.print_str2(@"Hello, world! vtui from Prog8!", $f2, $80)
         vtui.gotoxy(12,13)
-        vtui.print_str("Hello, world! vtui from Prog8!", $f2, $00)
+        vtui.print_str2("Hello, world! vtui from Prog8!", $f2, $00)
 
-        repeat {
-        }
+        str inputbuffer = "?" * 20
+
+;        txt.print_uwhex(inputbuffer, 1)
+;        txt.chrout(':')
+;        txt.print(inputbuffer)
+;        txt.chrout('\n')
+
+        vtui.gotoxy(5,20)
+        vtui.print_str2(@"Enter your name: ", $e3, $80)
+        ubyte length = vtui.input_str(inputbuffer, len(inputbuffer), $21)
+
+        vtui.gotoxy(8,22)
+        vtui.print_str2(@"Your name is: ", $e3, $80)
+        ;vtui.print_str2(inputbuffer, $67, $00)
+        vtui.print_str(inputbuffer, length, $67, $00)
+
+        ; txt.uppercase()   ; kills vtui?
+        logo_mover()
     }
 
+    sub store_logo() {
+        vtui.gotoxy(0, 0)
+        vtui.save_rect($80, 1, $0000, 7, 7)
+        vtui.gotoxy(0, 0)
+        vtui.save_rect($80, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
+    }
 
     sub logo_mover() {
-        ubyte xcoord
-        ubyte ycoord
-        ubyte newx
-        ubyte newy
+        ubyte xcoord = 0
+        ubyte ycoord = 0
+        ubyte newx = 0
+        ubyte newy = 0
 
-        vtui.initialize()
         ;vtui.screen_set(2)
         vtui.gotoxy(30, 32)
-        vtui.print_str("arrow keys to move!", $61, 0)
-        vtui.gotoxy(0, 0)
-        vtui.save_rect(1, 1, $0000, 7, 7)
-        vtui.gotoxy(0, 0)
-        vtui.save_rect(1, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
+        vtui.print_str2("arrow keys to move!", $61, 0)
 
 char_loop:
         ubyte char = c64.GETIN()
@@ -76,11 +96,11 @@ char_loop:
 
         sub move_logo() {
             vtui.gotoxy(xcoord, ycoord)
-            vtui.rest_rect(1, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
+            vtui.rest_rect($80, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
             vtui.gotoxy(newx, newy)
-            vtui.save_rect(1, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
+            vtui.save_rect($80, 1, $0100, 7, 7)
             vtui.gotoxy(newx, newy)
-            vtui.rest_rect(1, 1, $0000, 7, 7)
+            vtui.rest_rect($80, 1, $0000, 7, 7)
             xcoord = newx
             ycoord = newy
         }
@@ -91,7 +111,7 @@ char_loop:
 
 vtui $1000 {
 
-    %asmbinary "VTUI0.6.BIN", 2     ; skip the 2 dummy load address bytes
+    %asmbinary "VTUI0.8.BIN", 2     ; skip the 2 dummy load address bytes
 
     ; NOTE: base address $1000 here must be the same as the block's memory address, for obvious reasons!
     romsub $1000  =  initialize() clobbers(A, X, Y)
@@ -105,11 +125,24 @@ vtui $1000 {
     romsub $1017  =  scan_char() -> ubyte @A, ubyte @X
     romsub $101a  =  hline(ubyte char @A, ubyte length @Y, ubyte colors @X) clobbers(A)
     romsub $101d  =  vline(ubyte char @A, ubyte height @Y, ubyte colors @X) clobbers(A)
-    romsub $1020  =  print_str(str string @R0, ubyte colors @X, ubyte convertchars @A) clobbers(A, Y)
+    romsub $1020  =  print_str(str txtstring @R0, ubyte length @Y, ubyte colors @X, ubyte convertchars @A) clobbers(A, Y)
     romsub $1023  =  fill_box(ubyte char @A, ubyte width @R1, ubyte height @R2, ubyte colors @X) clobbers(A, Y)
     romsub $1026  =  pet2scr(ubyte char @A) -> ubyte @A
     romsub $1029  =  scr2pet(ubyte char @A) -> ubyte @A
     romsub $102c  =  border(ubyte mode @A, ubyte width @R1, ubyte height @R2, ubyte colors @X) clobbers(Y)       ; NOTE: mode 6 means 'custom' characters taken from r3 - r6
     romsub $102f  =  save_rect(ubyte ramtype @A, ubyte vbank @Pc, uword address @R0, ubyte width @R1, ubyte height @R2) clobbers(A, X, Y)
     romsub $1032  =  rest_rect(ubyte ramtype @A, ubyte vbank @Pc, uword address @R0, ubyte width @R1, ubyte height @R2) clobbers(A, X, Y)
+    romsub $1035  =  input_str(uword buffer @R0, ubyte buflen @Y, ubyte colors @X) clobbers (A) -> ubyte @Y
+
+    ; -- helper function to do string length counting for you internally
+    asmsub print_str2(str txtstring @R0, ubyte colors @X, ubyte convertchars @A) clobbers(A, Y) {
+        %asm {{
+            pha
+            lda  cx16.r0
+            ldy  cx16.r0+1
+            jsr  prog8_lib.strlen
+            pla
+            jmp  print_str
+        }}
+    }
 }

examples/cxlogo.p8

@@ -14,4 +14,3 @@ main {
         }
     }
 }
-

examples/plasma.p8

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ main {
                 ubyte @zp ii
                 for ii in 0 to 7 {
                     ; use 16 bit rng for a bit more randomness instead of the 8-bit rng
-                    if lsb(rndw()) > s {
+                    if rnd() > s {
                         b |= bittab[ii]
                     }
                 }

examples/rasterbars.p8

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ main {
 
 irq {
 
-    const ubyte barheight = 4       ; should be big enough to re-trigger the Raster irq properly.
+    const ubyte barheight = 3       ; should be big enough to re-trigger the Raster irq properly.
     ubyte[] colors = [6,2,4,5,15,7,1,13,3,12,8,11,9]
     ubyte color = 0
     ubyte yanim = 0

examples/sprites.p8

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ main {
         for i in 0 to 7 {
             c64.SPRPTR[i] = $0a00 / 64
             c64.SPXY[i*2] = 50+25*i
-            c64.SPXY[i*2+1] = rnd()
+            c64.SPXY[i*2+1] = fastrnd8()
         }
 
         c64.SPENA = 255                ; enable all sprites
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ irq {
         ubyte @zp i
         for i in 0 to 14 step 2 {
             c64.SPXY[i+1]--
-            ubyte @zp r = rnd()
+            ubyte @zp r = fastrnd8()
             if r>200
                 c64.SPXY[i]++
             else if r<40

examples/test.p8

@@ -4,15 +4,21 @@
 main {
 
     sub start() {
-        uword screen = 2000
-        ubyte i = 1
-        uword w = 33
-        str derp  ="derp"
-        ubyte[] array = [1,2,3]
 
-        @(screen+i) = 128
-        @(i+screen) = 129
+        txt.print("hello")
 
-        txt.print("done\n")
+;        str filename = "titlescreen.bin"
+;        ubyte success = cx16.vload(filename, 8, 0, $0000)
+;        if success {
+;            txt.print("load ok")
+;            cx16.VERA_DC_HSCALE = 64
+;            cx16.VERA_DC_VSCALE = 64
+;            cx16.VERA_L1_CONFIG = %00011111     ; 256c bitmap mode
+;            cx16.VERA_L1_MAPBASE = 0
+;            cx16.VERA_L1_TILEBASE = 0
+;        } else {
+;            txt.print("load fail")
+;        }
     }
 }
+

examples/textelite.p8

@@ -414,14 +414,18 @@ galaxy {
     sub init(ubyte galaxynum) {
         number = 1
         planet.number = 255
-        seed = [base0, base1, base2]
+        seed[0] = base0
+        seed[1] = base1
+        seed[2] = base2
         repeat galaxynum-1 {
             nextgalaxy()
         }
     }
 
     sub nextgalaxy() {
-        seed = [twist(seed[0]), twist(seed[1]), twist(seed[2])]
+        seed[0] = twist(seed[0])
+        seed[1] = twist(seed[1])
+        seed[2] = twist(seed[2])
         number++
         if number==9
             number = 1
@@ -658,7 +662,10 @@ galaxy {
             planet.species_kind = (planet.species_look + (seed2_msb & 3)) & 7      ;Add bits 0-1 of w2_hi to A from previous step, and take bits 0-2 of the result
         }
 
-        planet.goatsoup_seed = [lsb(seed[1]), msb(seed[1]), lsb(seed[2]), seed2_msb]
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[0] = lsb(seed[1])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[1] = msb(seed[1])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[2] = lsb(seed[2])
+        planet.goatsoup_seed[3] = seed2_msb
     }
 
     sub tweakseed() {

examples/wizzine.p8

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 %import syslib
 %zeropage basicsafe
 
+
 spritedata $0a00 {
     ; this memory block contains the sprite data
     ; it must start on an address aligned to 64 bytes.

syntax-files/IDEA/Prog8.xml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
     <keywords keywords="&amp;;-&gt;;@;\$;and;as;asmsub;break;clobbers;do;downto;else;false;for;goto;if;if_cc;if_cs;if_eq;if_mi;if_ne;if_neg;if_nz;if_pl;if_pos;if_vc;if_vs;if_z;in;inline;not;or;repeat;return;romsub;step;sub;to;true;until;when;while;xor;~" ignore_case="false" />
     <keywords2 keywords="%address;%asm;%asmbinary;%asminclude;%breakpoint;%import;%launcher;%option;%output;%target;%zeropage;%zpreserved" />
     <keywords3 keywords="byte;const;float;str;struct;ubyte;uword;void;word;zp" />
-    <keywords4 keywords="abs;acos;all;any;asin;atan;avg;ceil;cos;cos16;cos16u;cos8;cos8u;deg;floor;len;ln;log2;lsb;lsl;lsr;max;memory;min;mkword;msb;offsetof;peek;peekw;poke;pokew;rad;reverse;rnd;rndf;rndw;rol;rol2;ror;ror2;round;sgn;sin;sin16;sin16u;sin8;sin8u;sizeof;sort;sqrt;sqrt16;sum;swap;tan" />
+    <keywords4 keywords="abs;acos;all;any;asin;atan;avg;ceil;cmp;cos;cos16;cos16u;cos8;cos8u;deg;fastrnd8;floor;len;ln;log2;lsb;lsl;lsr;max;memory;min;mkword;msb;offsetof;peek;peekw;poke;pokew;rad;reverse;rnd;rndf;rndw;rol;rol2;ror;ror2;round;sgn;sin;sin16;sin16u;sin8;sin8u;sizeof;sort;sqrt;sqrt16;sum;swap;tan" />
   </highlighting>
   <extensionMap>
     <mapping ext="p8" />

syntax-files/Vim/prog8.vim

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+" Vim syntax file
+" Language: Prog8
+" Maintainer: Elektron72
+" Latest Revision: 23 March 2021
+
+if exists("b:current_syntax")
+    finish
+endif
+
+
+syn match prog8Comment ";.*$"
+
+syn region prog8String start=+@\?"+ skip=+\\"+ end=+"+
+syn region prog8Character start=+@\?'+ skip=+\\'+ end=+'+
+syn match prog8Number "\<\d\+\>"
+syn match prog8Number "$\x\+\>"
+syn match prog8Number "%[01]\+\>"
+syn keyword prog8Boolean true false
+syn match prog8Float "\<\d\+\.\d\+\([eE]\d\+\)\?\>"
+
+syn region prog8Expression matchgroup=prog8AddressOp start="@(" end=")"
+            \ transparent
+syn match prog8Function "\(\<\(asm\)\?sub\>\s\+\)\@16<=\<\w\+\>"
+syn match prog8Function "\(romsub\s\+$\x\+\s\+=\s\+\)\@16<=\<\w\+\>"
+
+syn keyword prog8Statement break goto return asmsub sub inline
+syn match prog8Statement "\<\(asm\|rom\)\?sub\>"
+syn keyword prog8Conditional if else when
+syn keyword prog8Conditional if_cs if_cc if_vs if_vc if_eq if_z if_ne if_nz
+syn keyword prog8Conditional if_pl if_pos if_mi if_neg
+syn keyword prog8Conditional when
+syn keyword prog8Repeat for while in do until repeat
+syn match prog8Label "\<\w\+\>:"
+syn keyword prog8Operator and or to downto as void
+
+syn match prog8Directive "\(^\|\s\)%\(target\|output\|launcher\|zeropage\)\>"
+syn match prog8Directive "\(^\|\s\)%\(zpreserved\|address\|import\|option\)\>"
+syn match prog8Directive "\(^\|\s\)%\(asmbinary\|asminclude\|breakpoint\)\>"
+syn match prog8Directive "\(^\|\s\)%asm\>"
+
+syn match prog8Type "\<\%(u\?byte\|u\?word\|float\|str\)\>"
+syn region prog8ArrayType matchgroup=prog8Type
+            \ start="\<\%(u\?byte\|u\?word\|float\|str\)\[" end="\]"
+            \ transparent
+syn keyword prog8StorageClass const
+syn match prog8StorageClass "\(^\|\s\)@zp\>"
+syn keyword prog8Structure struct
+
+syn region prog8Block start="{" end="}" transparent
+syn region prog8Expression start="(" end=")" transparent
+syn region prog8Array start="\[" end="\]" transparent
+
+
+if !exists("g:prog8_no_highlight_builtins")
+    runtime! syntax/prog8_builtins.vim
+endif
+
+
+syn region prog8Asm start="\(%asm\)\@16<=\s\+{{" end="}}" contains=
+            \prog8Comment,
+            \prog8Character,
+            \prog8Number,
+            \prog8AsmIdentifier,
+            \prog8AsmStatement,
+            \prog8AsmLabel,
+            \prog8BuiltInVar,
+            \prog8BuiltInFunc
+syn sync match prog8AsmSync groupthere prog8Asm "%asm\s\+{{"
+
+syn keyword prog8AsmIdentifier a x y contained
+
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement adc and asl bbr bbs bcc bcs beq bit bmi contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement bne bpl bra brk bvc bvs clc cld cli clv contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement cmp cpx cpy dec dex dey eor inc inx iny contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement jmp jsr lda ldx ldy lsr nop ora pha php contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement phx phy pla plp plx ply rmb rol ror rti contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement rts sbc sec sed sei smb sta stp stx sty contained
+syn keyword prog8AsmStatement stz tax tay trb tsb tsx txa txs tya wai contained
+syn match prog8AsmLabel "^\([-+]\|\(\w\+\.\)*\w\+\)" contained
+
+
+hi def link prog8Comment Comment
+
+hi def link prog8String String
+hi def link prog8Character Character
+hi def link prog8Number Number
+hi def link prog8Boolean Boolean
+hi def link prog8Float Float
+
+hi def link prog8AddressOp Identifier
+hi def link prog8Function Function
+
+hi def link prog8Statement Statement
+hi def link prog8Conditional Conditional
+hi def link prog8Repeat Repeat
+hi def link prog8Label Label
+hi def link prog8Operator Operator
+
+hi def link prog8Directive PreProc
+
+hi def link prog8Type Type
+hi def link prog8StorageClass StorageClass
+hi def link prog8Structure Structure
+
+
+hi def link prog8AsmIdentifier Identifier
+
+hi def link prog8AsmStatement Statement
+hi def link prog8AsmLabel Label