wozardry/wozardry.py

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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#(c) 2018-2022 by 4am
#license:MIT
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"""
// INFO chunk begins at byte 12
data.append(Data("INFO".utf8)) // 12: beginning of INFO chunk
data.write32UL(60) // 16: INFO chunk size
data.write8U(0x01) // 20: INFO chunk version
// 21: disk type ( 0 = ?, 1 = 3.5 SSDD, 2 = 3.5 DSDD, 3 = 3.5 DSHD)
let isHD = disk.diskInfo.contains(.highDensity)
if disk.diskInfo.contains(.doubleSided) {
data.write8U(isHD ? 3 : 2)
} else {
data.write8U(1)
}
data.write8U(disk.writeProtected ? 0x01 : 0x00) // 22: write protected
data.write8U(disk.synchronized ? 0x01 : 0x00) // 23: tracks synchronized
data.write8U(isHD ? 8 : 16) // 24: optimal bit timing
// 25: creator
if let bundle_info = Bundle.main.infoDictionary {
let vers = bundle_info["CFBundleShortVersionString"] as? String ?? "x.x"
let creator: String
if disk.fastImaged {
creator = String(format: "Applesauce v%@ Fast Imager ", vers)
} else {
creator = String(format: "Applesauce v%@ ", vers)
}
data.append(Data(creator.utf8.prefix(32)))
}
data.write8U(0x00) // 57: pad (always zero)
data.write16UL(0x0000) // 58: largest track (will be updated to correct value later)
data.write16UL(0x0000) // 60: starting block of FLUX chunk
data.write16UL(0x0000) // 62: largest flux track (will be updated to correct value later)
// ... pad bytes out to 90 (68) ...
data.writeData(Data(repeating: 0x00, count: 68 - data.count))
"""
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import argparse
import binascii
import collections
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import io
import json
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import itertools
import os
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import sys
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__version__ = "2.2.0" # https://semver.org
__date__ = "2022-09-13"
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__progname__ = "wozardry"
__displayname__ = __progname__ + " " + __version__ + " by 4am (" + __date__ + ")"
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# domain-specific constants defined in .woz specifications
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kWOZ1 = b"WOZ1"
kWOZ2 = b"WOZ2"
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kMOOF = b"MOOF"
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kINFO = b"INFO"
kTMAP = b"TMAP"
kTRKS = b"TRKS"
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kWRIT = b"WRIT" # WOZ2 only
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kFLUX = b"FLUX" # WOZ3 only
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kMETA = b"META"
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kBitstreamLengthInBytes = 6646 # WOZ1 only
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kLanguages = ("English","Spanish","French","German","Chinese","Japanese","Italian","Dutch","Portuguese","Danish","Finnish","Norwegian","Swedish","Russian","Polish","Turkish","Arabic","Thai","Czech","Hungarian","Catalan","Croatian","Greek","Hebrew","Romanian","Slovak","Ukrainian","Indonesian","Malay","Vietnamese","Other")
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kRequiresRAM = ("16K","24K","32K","48K","64K","128K","256K","512K","768K","1M","1.25M","1.5M+","Unknown")
kRequiresMachine = ("2","2+","2e","2c","2e+","2gs","2c+","3","3+")
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kDefaultBitTiming = (0, 32, 16) # WOZ2 only
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# strings and things, for print routines and error messages
sEOF = "Unexpected EOF"
sBadChunkSize = "Bad chunk size"
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dNoYes = {False:"no",True:"yes"}
tQuarters = (".00",".25",".50",".75")
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tImageType = {kWOZ1: "WOZ 1.x",
kWOZ2: "WOZ 2.x",
kMOOF: "MOOF"}
tMoofDiskType = {0: "Unknown",
1: "3.5 SSDD (400K)",
2: "3.5 DSDD (800K)",
3: "3.5 DSHD (1.44MB)"}
tWozDiskType = {(1,1,False): "5.25-inch (140K)",
(2,1,False): "3.5-inch (400K)",
(2,2,False): "3.5-inch (800K)",
(2,2,True): "3.5-inch (1.44MB)"}
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tBootSectorFormat = ("unknown", "16-sector", "13-sector", "hybrid 13- and 16-sector")
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tDefaultCreator = (__progname__ + " " + __version__)[:32]
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# errors that may be raised
class WozError(Exception): pass # base class
class WozCRCError(WozError): pass
class WozFormatError(WozError): pass
class WozEOFError(WozFormatError): pass
class WozHeaderError(WozFormatError): pass
class WozHeaderError_NoWOZMarker(WozHeaderError): pass
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class WozHeaderError_NoFF(WozHeaderError): pass
class WozHeaderError_NoLF(WozHeaderError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozINFOFormatError_MissingINFOChunk(WozINFOFormatError): pass
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class WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskType(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadWriteProtected(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadSynchronized(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadCleaned(WozINFOFormatError): pass
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class WozINFOFormatError_BadCreator(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskSides(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadBootSectorFormat(WozINFOFormatError): pass
class WozINFOFormatError_BadOptimalBitTiming(WozINFOFormatError): pass
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class WozINFOFormatError_BadCompatibleHardware(WozINFOFormatError): pass
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class WozINFOFormatError_BadRAM(WozINFOFormatError): pass
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class WozTMAPFormatError(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozTMAPFormatError_MissingTMAPChunk(WozTMAPFormatError): pass
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class WozTMAPFormatError_BadTRKS(WozTMAPFormatError): pass
class WozTRKSFormatError(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozTRKSFormatError_BadStartingBlock(WozTRKSFormatError): pass
class WozTRKSFormatError_BadBlockCount(WozTRKSFormatError): pass
class WozTRKSFormatError_BadBitCount(WozTRKSFormatError): pass
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class WozFLUXFormatError(WozFormatError): pass
class WozFLUXFormatError_MissingTMAPChunk(WozFLUXFormatError): pass
class WozFLUXFormatError_BadTRKS(WozFLUXFormatError): pass
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class WozMETAFormatError(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozMETAFormatError_EncodingError(WozFormatError): pass
class WozMETAFormatError_NotEnoughTabs(WozFormatError): pass
class WozMETAFormatError_TooManyTabs(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozMETAFormatError_DuplicateKey(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozMETAFormatError_BadValue(WozFormatError): pass
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class WozMETAFormatError_BadLanguage(WozFormatError): pass
class WozMETAFormatError_BadRAM(WozFormatError): pass
class WozMETAFormatError_BadMachine(WozFormatError): pass
def from_uint32(b):
return int.from_bytes(b, byteorder="little")
from_uint16=from_uint32
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from_uint8=from_uint32
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def to_uint32(b):
return b.to_bytes(4, byteorder="little")
def to_uint16(b):
return b.to_bytes(2, byteorder="little")
def to_uint8(b):
return b.to_bytes(1, byteorder="little")
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def is_booleanish(v):
if type(v) is str:
try:
return is_booleanish(int(v))
except:
return v.lower() in ("true","false","yes","no","1","0")
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elif type(v) is bytes:
try:
return is_booleanish(int.from_bytes(v, byteorder="little"))
except:
return False
return v in (0, 1)
def from_booleanish(v, errorClass, errorString):
raise_if(not is_booleanish(v), errorClass, errorString % v)
if type(v) is str:
return v.lower() in ("true","yes","1")
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elif type(v) is bytes:
return v == b"\x01"
return v == 1
def is_intish(v):
if type(v) is str:
try:
int(v)
return True
except:
return False
if type(v) is bytes:
try:
int.from_bytes(v, byteorder="little")
return True
except:
return False
return type(v) is int
def from_intish(v, errorClass, errorString):
raise_if(not is_intish(v), errorClass, errorString % v)
if type(v) is str:
return int(v)
elif type(v) is bytes:
return int.from_bytes(v, byteorder="little")
return v
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def raise_if(cond, e, s=""):
if cond: raise e(s)
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class Track:
def __init__(self, data, count, is_legacy=True):
if is_legacy:
# parameters are bits and bit count
self.oldinit(data, count)
else:
# parameters are bytes and byte count
self.newinit(data, count)
def newinit(self, raw_bytes, raw_count):
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self.raw_bytes = raw_bytes
self.raw_count = raw_count
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def oldinit(self, bits, bit_count):
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import bitarray # https://pypi.org/project/bitarray/
self.bits = bitarray.bitarray(endian="big")
bits.frombytes(self.raw_bytes)
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while len(self.bits) > bit_count:
self.bits.pop()
self.bit_count = bit_count
self.bit_index = 0
self.revolutions = 0
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self.newinit(self.bits.tobytes(), (self.bit_count + 7) // 8)
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def bit(self):
b = self.bits[self.bit_index] and 1 or 0
self.bit_index += 1
if self.bit_index >= self.bit_count:
self.bit_index = 0
self.revolutions += 1
yield b
def nibble(self):
b = 0
while b == 0:
b = next(self.bit())
n = 0x80
for bit_index in range(6, -1, -1):
b = next(self.bit())
n += b << bit_index
yield n
def rewind(self, bit_count):
self.bit_index -= 1
if self.bit_index < 0:
self.bit_index = self.bit_count - 1
self.revolutions -= 1
def find(self, sequence):
starting_revolutions = self.revolutions
seen = [0] * len(sequence)
while (self.revolutions < starting_revolutions + 2):
del seen[0]
seen.append(next(self.nibble()))
if tuple(seen) == tuple(sequence): return True
return False
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class WozDiskImage:
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def __init__(self, iostream=None):
if iostream:
self.load(iostream)
else:
self.reset()
def reset(self):
self.info = collections.OrderedDict()
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self.tmap = [0xFF]*160
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self.tracks = []
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self.writ = None
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self.flux = []
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self.meta = collections.OrderedDict()
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self.image_type = kWOZ2
self.info["version"] = 2
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self.info["disk_type"] = 1
self.info["write_protected"] = False
self.info["synchronized"] = False
self.info["cleaned"] = False
self.info["creator"] = tDefaultCreator
self.info["disk_sides"] = 1
self.info["boot_sector_format"] = 0
self.info["optimal_bit_timing"] = 32
self.info["compatible_hardware"] = []
self.info["required_ram"] = 0
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def load(self, iostream):
self.reset()
seen_info = False
seen_tmap = False
header_raw = iostream.read(8)
raise_if(len(header_raw) != 8, WozEOFError, sEOF)
self._load_header(header_raw)
crc_raw = iostream.read(4)
raise_if(len(crc_raw) != 4, WozEOFError, sEOF)
crc = from_uint32(crc_raw)
all_data = []
while True:
chunk_id = iostream.read(4)
if not chunk_id: break
raise_if(len(chunk_id) != 4, WozEOFError, sEOF)
all_data.append(chunk_id)
chunk_size_raw = iostream.read(4)
raise_if(len(chunk_size_raw) != 4, WozEOFError, sEOF)
all_data.append(chunk_size_raw)
chunk_size = from_uint32(chunk_size_raw)
data = iostream.read(chunk_size)
raise_if(len(data) != chunk_size, WozEOFError, sEOF)
all_data.append(data)
if chunk_id == kINFO:
raise_if(chunk_size != 60, WozINFOFormatError, sBadChunkSize)
self._load_info(data)
seen_info = True
continue
raise_if(not seen_info, WozINFOFormatError_MissingINFOChunk, "Expected INFO chunk at offset 20")
if chunk_id == kTMAP:
raise_if(chunk_size != 160, WozTMAPFormatError, sBadChunkSize)
self._load_tmap(data)
seen_tmap = True
continue
raise_if(not seen_tmap, WozTMAPFormatError_MissingTMAPChunk, "Expected TMAP chunk at offset 88")
if chunk_id == kTRKS:
self._load_trks(data)
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elif chunk_id == kFLUX:
raise_if(chunk_size != 160, WozFLUXFormatError, sBadChunkSize)
self._load_flux(data)
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elif chunk_id == kWRIT:
self._load_writ(data)
elif chunk_id == kMETA:
self._load_meta(data)
raise_if(not seen_info, WozINFOFormatError_MissingINFOChunk, "Expected INFO chunk at offset 20")
raise_if(not seen_tmap, WozTMAPFormatError_MissingTMAPChunk, "Expected TMAP chunk at offset 88")
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for trk, i in zip(self.tmap, itertools.count()):
raise_if(trk != 0xFF and trk >= len(self.tracks), WozTMAPFormatError_BadTRKS, "Invalid TMAP entry: track %d%s points to non-existent TRKS chunk %d" % (i/4, tQuarters[i%4], trk))
for trk, i in zip(self.flux, itertools.count()):
raise_if(trk != 0xFF and trk >= len(self.tracks), WozFLUXFormatError_BadTRKS, "Invalid FLUX entry: track %d%s points to non-existent TRKS chunk %d" % (i/4, tQuarters[i%4], trk))
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if crc:
raise_if(crc != binascii.crc32(b"".join(all_data)) & 0xffffffff, WozCRCError, "Bad CRC")
def _load_header(self, data):
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raise_if(data[:4] not in (kWOZ1, kWOZ2, kMOOF), WozHeaderError_NoWOZMarker, "Magic string 'WOZ1' or 'WOZ2' or 'MOOF' not present at offset 0")
self.image_type = data[:4]
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raise_if(data[4] != 0xFF, WozHeaderError_NoFF, "Magic byte 0xFF not present at offset 4")
raise_if(data[5:8] != b"\x0A\x0D\x0A", WozHeaderError_NoLF, "Magic bytes 0x0A0D0A not present at offset 5")
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def _load_info(self, data):
self.info["version"] = self.validate_info_version(data[0]) # int
self.info["disk_type"] = self.validate_info_disk_type(data[1]) # int
self.info["write_protected"] = self.validate_info_write_protected(data[2]) # boolean
self.info["synchronized"] = self.validate_info_synchronized(data[3]) # boolean
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if self.image_type == kMOOF:
self.info["optimal_bit_timing"] = self.validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(data[4]) # int
else:
self.info["cleaned"] = self.validate_info_cleaned(data[4]) # boolean
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self.info["creator"] = self.validate_info_creator(data[5:37]) # string
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if self.image_type == kWOZ2:
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self.info["disk_sides"] = self.validate_info_disk_sides(data[37]) # int
self.info["boot_sector_format"] = self.validate_info_boot_sector_format(data[38]) # int
self.info["optimal_bit_timing"] = self.validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(data[39]) # int
compatible_hardware_bitfield = self.validate_info_compatible_hardware(data[40:42]) # int
compatible_hardware_list = []
for offset in range(9):
if compatible_hardware_bitfield & (1 << offset):
compatible_hardware_list.append(kRequiresMachine[offset])
self.info["compatible_hardware"] = compatible_hardware_list
self.info["required_ram"] = self.validate_info_required_ram(data[42:44])
self.info["largest_track"] = from_uint16(data[44:46])
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def _load_tmap(self, data):
self.tmap = list(data)
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def _load_trks(self, data):
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if self.image_type == kWOZ1:
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self._load_trks_v1(data)
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else: # WOZ2 or MOOF
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self._load_trks_v2(data)
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def _load_trks_v1(self, data):
i = 0
while i < len(data):
raw_bytes = data[i:i+kBitstreamLengthInBytes]
raise_if(len(raw_bytes) != kBitstreamLengthInBytes, WozEOFError, sEOF)
i += kBitstreamLengthInBytes
bytes_used_raw = data[i:i+2]
raise_if(len(bytes_used_raw) != 2, WozEOFError, sEOF)
bytes_used = from_uint16(bytes_used_raw)
raise_if(bytes_used > kBitstreamLengthInBytes, WozTRKSFormatError, "TRKS chunk %d bytes_used is out of range" % len(self.tracks))
i += 2
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count_raw = data[i:i+2]
raise_if(len(count_raw) != 2, WozEOFError, sEOF)
count = from_uint16(count_raw)
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i += 2
splice_point_raw = data[i:i+2]
raise_if(len(splice_point_raw) != 2, WozEOFError, sEOF)
splice_point = from_uint16(splice_point_raw)
if splice_point != 0xFFFF:
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raise_if(splice_point > count, WozTRKSFormatError, "TRKS chunk %d splice_point is out of range" % len(self.tracks))
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i += 2
splice_nibble = data[i]
i += 1
splice_bit_count = data[i]
if splice_point != 0xFFFF:
raise_if(splice_bit_count not in (8,9,10), WozTRKSFormatError, "TRKS chunk %d splice_bit_count is out of range" % len(self.tracks))
i += 3
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self.tracks.append(Track(raw_bytes, count, False))
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def _load_trks_v2(self, data):
for trk in range(160):
i = trk * 8
starting_block = from_uint16(data[i:i+2])
raise_if(starting_block in (1,2), WozTRKSFormatError_BadStartingBlock, "TRKS TRK %d starting_block out of range (expected 3+ or 0, found %s)" % (trk, starting_block))
block_count = from_uint16(data[i+2:i+4])
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count = from_uint32(data[i+4:i+8])
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if starting_block == 0:
raise_if(block_count != 0, WozTRKSFormatError_BadBlockCount, "TRKS unused TRK %d block_count must be 0 (found %s)" % (trk, block_count))
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raise_if(count != 0, WozTRKSFormatError_BadBitCount, "TRKS unused TRK %d bit_count must be 0 (found %s)" % (trk, count))
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break
bits_index_into_data = 1280 + (starting_block-3)*512
raise_if(len(data) <= bits_index_into_data, WozTRKSFormatError_BadStartingBlock, sEOF)
raw_bytes = data[bits_index_into_data : bits_index_into_data + block_count*512]
raise_if(len(raw_bytes) != block_count*512, WozTRKSFormatError_BadBlockCount, sEOF)
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self.tracks.append(Track(raw_bytes, count, False))
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def _load_flux(self, data):
self.flux = list(data)
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def _load_writ(self, data):
self.writ = data
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def _load_meta(self, metadata_as_bytes):
metadata = self.decode_metadata(metadata_as_bytes)
for line in metadata.split("\n"):
if not line: continue
columns_raw = line.split("\t")
raise_if(len(columns_raw) < 2, WozMETAFormatError_NotEnoughTabs, "Malformed metadata")
raise_if(len(columns_raw) > 2, WozMETAFormatError_TooManyTabs, "Malformed metadata")
key, value_raw = columns_raw
raise_if(key in self.meta, WozMETAFormatError_DuplicateKey, "Duplicate metadata key %s" % key)
values = value_raw.split("|")
if key == "language":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_language, values))
elif key == "requires_ram":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_requires_ram, values))
elif key == "requires_machine":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_requires_machine, values))
self.meta[key] = len(values) == 1 and values[0] or tuple(values)
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def validate_info_version(self, version):
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""" |version| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
version = from_intish(version, WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected numeric value, found %s)")
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if self.image_type == kWOZ1:
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raise_if(version != 1, WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected 1, found %s)" % version)
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elif self.image_type == kWOZ2:
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raise_if(version < 2, WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected 2 or more, found %s)" % version)
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elif self.image_type == kMOOF:
raise_if(version != 1, WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected 1, found %s)" % version)
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return version
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def validate_info_disk_type(self, disk_type):
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""" |disk_type| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
disk_type = from_intish(disk_type, WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskType, "Unknown disk type (expected numeric value, found %s)")
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if self.image_type == kMOOF:
raise_if(disk_type not in (0, 1, 2, 3), WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskType, "Unknown disk type (expected 0-3, found %s)" % disk_type)
else: # WOZ1 or WOZ2
raise_if(disk_type not in (1, 2), WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskType, "Unknown disk type (expected 1 or 2, found %s)" % disk_type)
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return disk_type
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def validate_info_write_protected(self, write_protected):
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"""|write_protected| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as bool"""
return from_booleanish(write_protected, WozINFOFormatError_BadWriteProtected, "Unknown write protected flag (expected Boolean value, found %s)")
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def validate_info_synchronized(self, synchronized):
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"""|synchronized| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as bool"""
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# assumes WOZ1 or WOZ2 (MOOF doesn't have this bit)
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return from_booleanish(synchronized, WozINFOFormatError_BadSynchronized, "Unknown synchronized flag (expected Boolean value, found %s)")
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def validate_info_cleaned(self, cleaned):
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"""|cleaned| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as bool"""
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# assumes WOZ1 or WOZ2 (MOOF doesn't have this bit)
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return from_booleanish(cleaned, WozINFOFormatError_BadCleaned, "Unknown cleaned flag (expected Boolean value, found %s)")
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def validate_info_creator(self, creator_as_bytes):
raise_if(len(creator_as_bytes) > 32, WozINFOFormatError_BadCreator, "Creator is longer than 32 bytes")
try:
return creator_as_bytes.decode("UTF-8").strip()
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except:
raise_if(True, WozINFOFormatError_BadCreator, "Creator is not valid UTF-8")
def encode_info_creator(self, creator_as_string):
creator_as_bytes = creator_as_string.encode("UTF-8").ljust(32, b" ")
self.validate_info_creator(creator_as_bytes)
return creator_as_bytes
def validate_info_disk_sides(self, disk_sides):
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"""|disk_sides| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
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# assumes WOZ2 (MOOF doesn't have this bit)
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disk_sides = from_intish(disk_sides, WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskSides, "Bad disk sides (expected numeric value, found %s)")
if self.info["disk_type"] == 1: # 5.25-inch disk
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raise_if(disk_sides != 1, WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskSides, "Bad disk sides (expected 1 for a 5.25-inch disk, found %s)")
elif self.info["disk_type"] == 2: # 3.5-inch disk
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raise_if(disk_sides not in (1, 2), WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskSides, "Bad disk sides (expected 1 or 2 for a 3.5-inch disk, found %s)" % disk_sides)
return disk_sides
def validate_info_boot_sector_format(self, boot_sector_format):
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"""|boot_sector_format| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
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# assumes WOZ2 (MOOF doesn't have this bit)
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boot_sector_format = from_intish(boot_sector_format, WozINFOFormatError_BadBootSectorFormat, "Bad boot sector format (expected numeric value, found %s)")
if self.info["disk_type"] == 1: # 5.25-inch disk
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raise_if(boot_sector_format not in (0,1,2,3), WozINFOFormatError_BadBootSectorFormat, "Bad boot sector format (expected 0,1,2,3 for a 5.25-inch disk, found %s)" % boot_sector_format)
elif self.info["disk_type"] == 2: # 3.5-inch disk
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raise_if(boot_sector_format != 0, WozINFOFormatError_BadBootSectorFormat, "Bad boot sector format (expected 0 for a 3.5-inch disk, found %s)" % boot_sector_format)
return boot_sector_format
def validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(self, optimal_bit_timing):
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"""|optimal_bit_timing| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
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# assumes WOZ2 or MOOF (WOZ1 doesn't have this bit)
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optimal_bit_timing = from_intish(optimal_bit_timing, WozINFOFormatError_BadOptimalBitTiming, "Bad optimal bit timing (expected numeric value, found %s)")
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if self.image_type == kMOOF:
raise_if(optimal_bit_timing not in (8, 16), WozINFOFormatError_BadOptimalBitTiming, "Bad optimal bit timing (expected 8 or 16, found %s)" % optimal_bit_timing)
elif self.info["disk_type"] == 1: # WOZ2 5.25-inch disk
raise_if(optimal_bit_timing not in range(24, 41), WozINFOFormatError_BadOptimalBitTiming, "Bad optimal bit timing (expected 24-40 for a 5.25-inch disk, found %s)" % optimal_bit_timing)
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elif self.info["disk_type"] == 2: # WOZ2 3.5-inch disk
raise_if(optimal_bit_timing not in range(8, 25), WozINFOFormatError_BadOptimalBitTiming, "Bad optimal bit timing (expected 8-24 for a 3.5-inch disk, found %s)" % optimal_bit_timing)
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return optimal_bit_timing
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def validate_info_compatible_hardware(self, compatible_hardware):
"""|compatible_hardware| is bytes, returns same value as int"""
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# assumes WOZ2 (WOZ1 and MOOF don't have this)
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compatible_hardware = from_uint16(compatible_hardware)
raise_if(compatible_hardware >= 0x01FF, WozINFOFormatError_BadCompatibleHardware, "Bad compatible hardware (7 high bits must be 0 but some were 1)")
return compatible_hardware
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def validate_info_required_ram(self, required_ram):
"""|required_ram| can be str, bytes, or int. returns same value as int"""
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# assumes WOZ2 (WOZ1 and MOOF don't have this)
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required_ram = from_intish(required_ram, WozINFOFormatError_BadRAM, "Bad required RAM (expected numeric value, found %s)")
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return required_ram
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def validate_metadata(self, metadata_as_bytes):
try:
metadata = metadata_as_bytes.decode("UTF-8")
except:
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raise WozMETAFormatError_EncodingError("Metadata is not valid UTF-8")
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def decode_metadata(self, metadata_as_bytes):
self.validate_metadata(metadata_as_bytes)
return metadata_as_bytes.decode("UTF-8")
def validate_metadata_value(self, value):
raise_if("\t" in value, WozMETAFormatError_BadValue, "Invalid metadata value (contains tab character)")
raise_if("\n" in value, WozMETAFormatError_BadValue, "Invalid metadata value (contains linefeed character)")
raise_if("|" in value, WozMETAFormatError_BadValue, "Invalid metadata value (contains pipe character)")
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def validate_metadata_language(self, language):
raise_if(language and (language not in kLanguages), WozMETAFormatError_BadLanguage, "Invalid metadata language")
def validate_metadata_requires_ram(self, requires_ram):
raise_if(requires_ram and (requires_ram not in kRequiresRAM), WozMETAFormatError_BadRAM, "Invalid metadata requires_ram")
def validate_metadata_requires_machine(self, requires_machine):
raise_if(requires_machine and (requires_machine not in kRequiresMachine), WozMETAFormatError_BadMachine, "Invalid metadata requires_machine")
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def __bytes__(self):
return self.dump()
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def dump(self):
"""returns serialization of the disk image in bytes, suitable for writing to disk"""
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raw_tmap = self._dump_tmap()
raw_trks = self._dump_trks()
body = self._dump_info(len(raw_tmap + raw_trks)) + \
raw_tmap + \
raw_trks + \
self._dump_flux() + \
self._dump_writ() + \
self._dump_meta()
crc = binascii.crc32(body)
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head = self._dump_head(crc)
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return bytes(head + body)
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def _dump_info(self, tmap_trks_len):
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chunk = bytearray()
chunk.extend(kINFO) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(60)) # chunk size (constant)
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version_raw = to_uint8(self.info["version"])
self.validate_info_version(version_raw)
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chunk.extend(version_raw) # 1 byte, '1', '2', or '3'
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disk_type_raw = to_uint8(self.info["disk_type"])
self.validate_info_disk_type(disk_type_raw)
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chunk.extend(disk_type_raw) # 1 byte, '1'=5.25 inch, '2'=3.5 inch
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write_protected_raw = to_uint8(self.info["write_protected"])
self.validate_info_write_protected(write_protected_raw)
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chunk.extend(write_protected_raw) # 1 byte, '0'=no, '1'=yes
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synchronized_raw = to_uint8(self.info["synchronized"])
self.validate_info_synchronized(synchronized_raw)
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chunk.extend(synchronized_raw) # 1 byte, '0'=no, '1'=yes
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if self.image_type == kMOOF:
optimal_bit_timing_raw = to_uint8(self.info["optimal_bit_timing"])
self.validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(optimal_bit_timing_raw)
chunk.extend(optimal_bit_timing_raw) # 1 byte
else:
cleaned_raw = to_uint8(self.info["cleaned"])
self.validate_info_cleaned(cleaned_raw)
chunk.extend(cleaned_raw) # 1 byte, '0'=no, '1'=yes
creator_raw = self.encode_info_creator(self.info["creator"])
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chunk.extend(creator_raw) # 32 bytes, UTF-8 encoded string
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if self.image_type == kWOZ1:
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chunk.extend(b"\x00" * 23) # 23 bytes of unused space
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return chunk
if self.tracks:
bit_tracks = [self.tracks[trackindex] for trackindex in self.tmap if trackindex != 0xFF]
largest_raw_count = max([track.raw_count for track in bit_tracks])
largest_block_count = (((largest_raw_count+7)//8)+511)//512
else:
largest_block_count = 0
largest_track_raw = to_uint16(largest_block_count)
if self.flux:
flux_block = (tmap_trks_len+511) // 512
flux_tracks = [self.tracks[trackindex] for trackindex in self.flux if trackindex != 0xFF]
largest_flux_raw_count = max([track.raw_count for track in flux_tracks])
largest_flux_block_count = (largest_flux_raw_count+511)//512
else:
flux_block = 0
largest_flux_block_count = 0
flux_block_raw = to_uint16(flux_block)
largest_flux_track_raw = to_uint16(largest_flux_block_count)
if self.image_type == kMOOF:
chunk.extend(b"\x00") # 1 byte of unused space
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else:
disk_sides_raw = to_uint8(self.info["disk_sides"])
self.validate_info_disk_sides(disk_sides_raw)
boot_sector_format_raw = to_uint8(self.info["boot_sector_format"])
self.validate_info_boot_sector_format(boot_sector_format_raw)
optimal_bit_timing_raw = to_uint8(self.info["optimal_bit_timing"])
self.validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(optimal_bit_timing_raw)
compatible_hardware_bitfield = 0
for offset in range(9):
if kRequiresMachine[offset] in self.info["compatible_hardware"]:
compatible_hardware_bitfield |= (1 << offset)
compatible_hardware_raw = to_uint16(compatible_hardware_bitfield)
required_ram_raw = to_uint16(self.info["required_ram"])
chunk.extend(disk_sides_raw) # 1 byte, 1 or 2
chunk.extend(boot_sector_format_raw) # 1 byte, 0,1,2,3
chunk.extend(optimal_bit_timing_raw) # 1 byte
chunk.extend(compatible_hardware_raw) # 2 bytes, bitfield
chunk.extend(required_ram_raw) # 2 bytes
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chunk.extend(largest_track_raw) # 2 bytes
chunk.extend(flux_block_raw) # 2 bytes
chunk.extend(largest_flux_track_raw) # 2 bytes
chunk.extend(b"\x00" * (68-len(chunk))) # pad unused bytes
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return chunk
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def _dump_tmap(self):
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chunk = bytearray()
chunk.extend(kTMAP) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(160)) # chunk size
chunk.extend(bytes(self.tmap))
return chunk
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def _dump_flux(self):
chunk = bytearray()
if self.flux:
chunk.extend(kFLUX) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(160)) # chunk size
chunk.extend(bytes(self.flux))
return chunk
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def _dump_trks(self):
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if self.image_type == kWOZ1:
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return self._dump_trks_v1()
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else: # WOZ2 or MOOF
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return self._dump_trks_v2()
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def _dump_trks_v1(self):
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chunk = bytearray()
chunk.extend(kTRKS) # chunk ID
chunk_size = len(self.tracks)*6656
chunk.extend(to_uint32(chunk_size)) # chunk size
for track in self.tracks:
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chunk.extend(track.raw_bytes) # bitstream as raw bytes
chunk.extend(b"\x00" * (6646 - len(track.raw_bytes))) # padding to 6646 bytes
chunk.extend(to_uint16(len(track.raw_bytes))) # bytes used
chunk.extend(to_uint16(track.raw_count)) # bit count
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chunk.extend(b"\xFF\xFF") # splice point (none)
chunk.extend(b"\xFF") # splice nibble (none)
chunk.extend(b"\xFF") # splice bit count (none)
chunk.extend(b"\x00\x00") # reserved
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return chunk
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def _dump_trks_v2(self):
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starting_block = 3
trk_chunk = bytearray()
bits_chunk = bytearray()
for track in self.tracks:
# get bitstream as bytes and pad to multiple of 512
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padded_bytes = track.raw_bytes
if (len(padded_bytes) % 512):
padded_bytes += (512 - (len(padded_bytes) % 512))*b"\x00"
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trk_chunk.extend(to_uint16(starting_block))
block_size = len(padded_bytes) // 512
starting_block += block_size
trk_chunk.extend(to_uint16(block_size))
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trk_chunk.extend(to_uint32(track.raw_count))
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bits_chunk.extend(padded_bytes)
for i in range(len(self.tracks), 160):
trk_chunk.extend(to_uint16(0))
trk_chunk.extend(to_uint16(0))
trk_chunk.extend(to_uint32(0))
chunk = bytearray()
chunk.extend(kTRKS) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(len(trk_chunk) + len(bits_chunk)))
chunk.extend(trk_chunk)
chunk.extend(bits_chunk)
return chunk
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def _dump_writ(self):
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chunk = bytearray()
if self.writ:
chunk.extend(kWRIT) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(len(self.writ))) # chunk size
chunk.extend(self.writ)
return chunk
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def _dump_meta(self):
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if not self.meta: return b""
meta_tmp = {}
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for key, value_raw in self.meta.items():
if type(value_raw) == str:
values = [value_raw]
else:
values = value_raw
meta_tmp[key] = values
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list(map(self.validate_metadata_value, values))
if key == "language":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_language, values))
elif key == "requires_ram":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_requires_ram, values))
elif key == "requires_machine":
list(map(self.validate_metadata_requires_machine, values))
data = b"\x0A".join(
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[k.encode("UTF-8") + \
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b"\x09" + \
"|".join(v).encode("UTF-8") \
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for k, v in meta_tmp.items()]) + b'\x0A'
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chunk = bytearray()
chunk.extend(kMETA) # chunk ID
chunk.extend(to_uint32(len(data))) # chunk size
chunk.extend(data)
return chunk
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def _dump_head(self, crc):
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chunk = bytearray()
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chunk.extend(self.image_type) # magic bytes
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chunk.extend(b"\xFF\x0A\x0D\x0A") # more magic bytes
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chunk.extend(to_uint32(crc)) # CRC32 of rest of file (calculated in caller)
return chunk
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def track_num_to_half_phase(self, track_num):
if type(track_num) != float:
track_num = float(track_num)
if track_num < 0.0 or \
track_num > 40.0 or \
track_num.as_integer_ratio()[1] not in (1,2,4):
raise WozError("Invalid track %s" % track_num)
return int(track_num * 4)
def add(self, half_phase, track):
trk_id = len(self.tracks)
self.tracks.append(track)
self.tmap[half_phase] = trk_id
if half_phase:
self.tmap[half_phase - 1] = trk_id
if half_phase < 159:
self.tmap[half_phase + 1] = trk_id
def add_track(self, track_num, track):
self.add(self.track_num_to_half_phase(track_num), track)
def remove(self, half_phase):
if self.tmap[half_phase] == 0xFF: return False
self.tmap[half_phase] = 0xFF
self.clean()
return True
def remove_track(self, track_num):
"""removes given track, returns True if anything was actually removed, or False if track wasn't found. track_num can be 0..40 in 0.25 increments (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, &c.)"""
return self.remove(self.track_num_to_half_phase(track_num))
def clean(self):
"""removes tracks from self.tracks that are not referenced from self.tmap/flux, and adjusts remaining indices"""
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i = 0
while i < len(self.tracks):
if (i not in self.tmap) and (i not in self.flux):
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del self.tracks[i]
for adjust in range(len(self.tmap)):
if (self.tmap[adjust] >= i) and (self.tmap[adjust] != 0xFF):
self.tmap[adjust] -= 1
for adjust in range(len(self.flux)):
if (self.flux[adjust] >= i) and (self.flux[adjust] != 0xFF):
self.flux[adjust] -= 1
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else:
i += 1
def seek(self, track_num):
"""returns Track object for the given track, or None if the track is not part of this disk image. track_num can be 0..40 in 0.25 increments (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, &c.)"""
half_phase = self.track_num_to_half_phase(track_num)
trk_id = self.tmap[half_phase]
if trk_id == 0xFF: return None
return self.tracks[trk_id]
def from_json(self, json_string):
j = json.loads(json_string)
root = [x for x in j.keys()].pop()
self.meta.update(j[root]["meta"])
def to_json(self):
j = {"woz": {"info":self.info, "meta":self.meta}}
return json.dumps(j, indent=2)
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#---------- command line interface ----------
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class _BaseCommand:
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def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def setup(self, subparser, description=None, epilog=None, help=".woz disk image", formatter_class=argparse.HelpFormatter):
self.parser = subparser.add_parser(self.name, description=description, epilog=epilog, formatter_class=formatter_class)
self.parser.add_argument("file", help=help)
self.parser.set_defaults(action=self)
def __call__(self, args):
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with open(args.file, "rb") as f:
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self.disk_image = WozDiskImage(f)
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class _CommandVerify(_BaseCommand):
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def __init__(self):
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_BaseCommand.__init__(self, "verify")
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def setup(self, subparser):
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_BaseCommand.setup(self, subparser,
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description="Verify file structure and metadata of a .woz or .moof disk image (produces no output unless a problem is found)")
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class _CommandDump(_BaseCommand):
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kWidth = 30
def __init__(self):
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_BaseCommand.__init__(self, "dump")
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def setup(self, subparser):
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_BaseCommand.setup(self, subparser,
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description="Print all available information and metadata in a .woz or .moof disk image")
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def __call__(self, args):
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_BaseCommand.__call__(self, args)
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self.print_tmap()
self.print_meta()
self.print_info()
def print_info(self):
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print("INFO: File format:".ljust(self.kWidth), tImageType[self.disk_image.image_type])
info = self.disk_image.info
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info_version = info["version"]
print("INFO: File format version:".ljust(self.kWidth), "%d" % info_version)
disk_type = info["disk_type"]
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if self.disk_image.image_type == kMOOF:
print("INFO: Disk type:".ljust(self.kWidth), tMoofDiskType[disk_type])
else:
disk_sides = info_version >= 2 and info["disk_sides"] or 1
large_disk = disk_sides == 2 and info["largest_track"] >= 0x20
print("INFO: Disk type:".ljust(self.kWidth), tWozDiskType[(disk_type,disk_sides,large_disk)])
print("INFO: Write protected:".ljust(self.kWidth), dNoYes[info["write_protected"]])
print("INFO: Tracks synchronized:".ljust(self.kWidth), dNoYes[info["synchronized"]])
if self.disk_image.image_type != kMOOF:
print("INFO: Weakbits cleaned:".ljust(self.kWidth), dNoYes[info["cleaned"]])
print("INFO: Creator:".ljust(self.kWidth), info["creator"])
if self.disk_image.image_type == kWOZ1: return
if self.disk_image.image_type == kWOZ2:
if disk_type == 1: # 5.25-inch disk
boot_sector_format = info["boot_sector_format"]
print("INFO: Boot sector format:".ljust(self.kWidth), "%s (%s)" % (boot_sector_format, tBootSectorFormat[boot_sector_format]))
else: # 3.5-inch disk
print("INFO: Disk sides:".ljust(self.kWidth), disk_sides)
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optimal_bit_timing = info["optimal_bit_timing"]
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default_bit_timing = (self.disk_image.image_type == kMOOF) and optimal_bit_timing or kDefaultBitTiming[disk_type]
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print("INFO: Optimal bit timing:".ljust(self.kWidth), optimal_bit_timing,
optimal_bit_timing == default_bit_timing and "(standard)" or
optimal_bit_timing < default_bit_timing and "(fast)" or "(slow)")
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if self.disk_image.image_type == kMOOF: return
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compatible_hardware_list = info["compatible_hardware"]
if not compatible_hardware_list:
print("INFO: Compatible hardware:".ljust(self.kWidth), "unknown")
else:
print("INFO: Compatible hardware:".ljust(self.kWidth), compatible_hardware_list[0])
for value in compatible_hardware_list[1:]:
print("INFO: ".ljust(self.kWidth), value)
ram = info["required_ram"]
print("INFO: Required RAM:".ljust(self.kWidth), ram and "%sK" % ram or "unknown")
print("INFO: Largest track:".ljust(self.kWidth), info["largest_track"], "blocks")
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def print_tmap(self):
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if (self.disk_image.image_type != kMOOF) and (self.disk_image.info["disk_type"] == 1):
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self.print_tmap_525()
else:
self.print_tmap_35()
def print_tmap_525(self):
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i = 0
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the_flux = self.disk_image.flux
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if not the_flux:
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the_flux = [0xFF] * len(self.disk_image.tmap)
for tmap_trk, flux_trk, i in zip(self.disk_image.tmap, the_flux, itertools.count()):
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if tmap_trk != 0xFF:
print(("TMAP: Track %d%s" % (i/4, tQuarters[i%4])).ljust(self.kWidth), "TRKS %d" % (tmap_trk))
elif flux_trk != 0xFF:
print(("FLUX: Track %d%s" % (i/4, tQuarters[i%4])).ljust(self.kWidth), "TRKS %d" % (flux_trk))
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def print_tmap_35(self):
track_num = 0
side_num = 0
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for trk in self.disk_image.tmap:
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if trk != 0xFF:
print(("TMAP: Track %d, Side %d" % (track_num, side_num)).ljust(self.kWidth), "TRKS %d" % (trk))
side_num = 1 - side_num
if not side_num:
track_num += 1
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def print_meta(self):
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if not self.disk_image.meta: return
for key, values in self.disk_image.meta.items():
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if type(values) == str:
values = [values]
print(("META: " + key + ":").ljust(self.kWidth), values[0])
for value in values[1:]:
print("META: ".ljust(self.kWidth), value)
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class _CommandExport(_BaseCommand):
def __init__(self):
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_BaseCommand.__init__(self, "export")
def setup(self, subparser):
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_BaseCommand.setup(self, subparser,
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description="Export (as JSON) all information and metadata from a .woz or .moof disk image")
def __call__(self, args):
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_BaseCommand.__call__(self, args)
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print(self.disk_image.to_json())
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class _WriterBaseCommand(_BaseCommand):
def __call__(self, args):
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_BaseCommand.__call__(self, args)
self.update(args)
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output_as_bytes = bytes(self.disk_image)
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# as a final sanity check, load and parse the output we just created
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# to help ensure we never create invalid .woz files
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try:
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global raise_if
raise_if = old_raise_if
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except:
pass
try:
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WozDiskImage(io.BytesIO(output_as_bytes))
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except Exception as e:
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sys.stderr.write("WozInternalError: refusing to write an invalid file (this is the developer's fault)\n")
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raise Exception from e
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tmpfile = args.file + ".ardry"
with open(tmpfile, "wb") as tmp:
tmp.write(output_as_bytes)
os.rename(tmpfile, args.file)
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class _CommandEdit(_WriterBaseCommand):
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def __init__(self):
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_WriterBaseCommand.__init__(self, "edit")
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def setup(self, subparser):
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_WriterBaseCommand.setup(self,
subparser,
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description="Edit information and metadata in a .woz or .moof disk image",
epilog="""Tips:
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- Use repeated flags to edit multiple fields at once.
- Use "key:" with no value to delete a metadata field.
- Keys are case-sensitive.
- Some values have format restrictions; read the .woz specification.""",
help=".woz disk image (modified in place)",
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
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self.parser.add_argument("-i", "--info", type=str, action="append",
help="""change information field.
INFO format is "key:value".
Acceptable keys are disk_type, write_protected, synchronized, cleaned, creator, version.
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Additional keys for WOZ2 files are disk_sides, required_ram, boot_sector_format, compatible_hardware, optimal_bit_timing.
Other keys are ignored.
For boolean fields, use "1" or "true" or "yes" for true, "0" or "false" or "no" for false.""")
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self.parser.add_argument("-m", "--meta", type=str, action="append",
help="""change metadata field.
META format is "key:value".
Standard keys are title, subtitle, publisher, developer, copyright, version, language, requires_ram,
requires_machine, notes, side, side_name, contributor, image_date. Other keys are allowed.""")
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def update(self, args):
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# 1st update version info field
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for i in args.info or ():
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k, v = i.split(":", 1)
if k == "version":
v = from_intish(v, WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected numeric value, found %s)")
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raise_if(v not in (1,2,3), WozINFOFormatError_BadVersion, "Unknown version (expected 1, 2, or 3, found %s) % v")
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if v == 1:
self.disk_image.image_type = kWOZ1
else:
self.disk_image.image_type = kWOZ2
self.disk_image.info["version"] = v
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# 2nd update disk_type info field
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for i in args.info or ():
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k, v = i.split(":", 1)
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if k == "disk_type":
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old_disk_type = self.disk_image.info["disk_type"]
new_disk_type = self.disk_image.validate_info_disk_type(v)
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if old_disk_type != new_disk_type:
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self.disk_image.info["disk_type"] = new_disk_type
self.disk_image.info["optimal_bit_timing"] = kDefaultBitTiming[new_disk_type]
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# then update all other info fields
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for i in args.info or ():
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k, v = i.split(":", 1)
if k == "version": continue
if k == "disk_type": continue
if k == "write_protected":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_write_protected(v)
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elif k == "synchronized":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_synchronized(v)
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elif k == "cleaned":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_cleaned(v)
elif k == "creator":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_creator(self.disk_image.encode_info_creator(v))
if self.disk_image.info["version"] == 1: continue
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# remaining fields are only recognized in WOZ2 files (v2+ INFO chunk)
if k == "disk_sides":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_disk_sides(v)
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elif k == "boot_sector_format":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_boot_sector_format(v)
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elif k == "optimal_bit_timing":
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_optimal_bit_timing(v)
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elif k == "required_ram":
if v.lower().endswith("k"):
# forgive user for typing "128K" instead of "128"
v = v[:-1]
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self.disk_image.info[k] = self.disk_image.validate_info_required_ram(v)
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elif k == "compatible_hardware":
machines = v.split("|")
for machine in machines:
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self.disk_image.validate_metadata_requires_machine(machine)
self.disk_image.info[k] = machines
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# add all new metadata fields, and delete empty ones
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for m in args.meta or ():
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k, v = m.split(":", 1)
v = v.split("|")
if len(v) == 1:
v = v[0]
if v:
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self.disk_image.meta[k] = v
elif k in self.disk_image.meta.keys():
del self.disk_image.meta[k]
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class _CommandRemove(_WriterBaseCommand):
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def __init__(self):
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_WriterBaseCommand.__init__(self, "remove")
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def setup(self, subparser):
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_WriterBaseCommand.setup(self,
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subparser,
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description="Remove tracks from a 5.25-inch .woz disk image",
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epilog="""Tips:
- Tracks can be 0..40 in 0.25 increments (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, &c.)
- Use repeated flags to remove multiple tracks at once.
- It is harmless to try to remove a track that doesn't exist.""",
help=".woz disk image (modified in place)",
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
self.parser.add_argument("-t", "--track", type=str, action="append",
help="""track to remove""")
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def update(self, args):
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raise_if(self.disk_image.info["disk_type"] != 1, WozINFOFormatError_BadDiskType, "Can not remove tracks from 3.5-inch disks")
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for i in args.track or ():
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self.disk_image.remove_track(float(i))
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class _CommandImport(_WriterBaseCommand):
def __init__(self):
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_WriterBaseCommand.__init__(self, "import")
def setup(self, subparser):
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_WriterBaseCommand.setup(self, subparser,
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description="Import JSON file to update metadata in a .woz disk image")
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def update(self, args):
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self.disk_image.from_json(sys.stdin.read())
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def parse_args(args):
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cmds = [_CommandDump(), _CommandVerify(), _CommandEdit(), _CommandRemove(), _CommandExport(), _CommandImport()]
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog=__progname__,
description="""A multi-purpose tool for manipulating .woz disk images.
See '""" + __progname__ + """ <command> -h' for help on individual commands.""",
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
parser.add_argument("-v", "--version", action="version", version=__displayname__)
sp = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", help="command")
for command in cmds:
command.setup(sp)
if not args:
parser.error("Command is required.")
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args = parser.parse_args(args)
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args.action(args)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
old_raise_if = raise_if
raise_if = lambda cond, e, s="": cond and sys.exit("%s: %s" % (e.__name__, s))
parse_args(sys.argv[1:])