1997-02-27 07:32:31 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)stat.2 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
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.\"
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1998-01-27 16:02:54 +00:00
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.TH STAT 2 "19 January 1997" GNO "System Calls"
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1997-02-27 07:32:31 +00:00
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.SH NAME
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.BR stat ,
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.BR lstat ,
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.BR fstat
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\- get file status
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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#include <sys/types.h>
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.br
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#include <sys/stat.h>
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.sp 1
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int
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\fBstat\fR (const char *\fIpath\fR, struct stat *\fIsb\fR);
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.br
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int
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\fBlstat\fR (const char *\fIpath\fR, struct stat *\fIsb\fR);
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.br
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int
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\fBfstat\fR (int \fIfd\fR, struct stat *\fIsb\fR);
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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These calls are used to retrieve status information about files.
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They do much the same think as the GS/OS call
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.BR GetFileInfoGS ,
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except that they return the information in a format compatible with
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Unix's
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.BR stat
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calls, and also provide information about sockets and GNO character
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devices.
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.LP
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The
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.BR stat
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function obtains information about the file pointed to by
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.IR path .
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Read, write or execute
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permission of the named file is not required, but all directories
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listed in the path name leading to the file must be searchable.
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.LP
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.BR lstat
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is like
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.BR stat
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except in the case where the named file is a symbolic link,
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in which case
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.BR lstat
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returns information about the link,
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while
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.BR stat
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returns information about the file the link references.
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Unlike other filesystem objects,
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symbolic links do not have an owner, group, access mode, times, etc.
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Instead, these attributes are taken from the directory that
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contains the link.
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The only attributes returned from an
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.BR lstat
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that refer to the symbolic link itself are the file type (S_IFLNK),
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size, blocks, and link count (always 1).
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.LP
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The
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.BR fstat
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obtains the same information about an open file
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known by the file descriptor
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.IR fd .
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.LP
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The
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.I sb
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argument is a pointer to a
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.BR stat
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structure
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as defined by <sys/stat.h>
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(shown below)
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and into which information is placed concerning the file.
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.nf
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struct stat {
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dev_t st_dev; /* device inode resides on */
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ino_t st_ino; /* inode's number */
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mode_t st_mode; /* inode protection mode */
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nlink_t st_nlink; /* number or hard links to the file */
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uid_t st_uid; /* user-id of owner */
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gid_t st_gid; /* group-id of owner */
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dev_t st_rdev; /* device type, for special file inode */
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off_t st_size; /* file size, in bytes */
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time_t st_atime; /* time of last access (GNO: same as st_mtime) */
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int st_spare1; /* reserved */
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time_t st_mtime; /* time of last data modification */
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int st_spare2; /* reserved */
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time_t st_ctime; /* time of last file status change */
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int st_spare3; /* reserved */
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long st_blksize;/* size in bytes of blocks on filesystem */
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long st_blocks; /* blocks allocated for file */
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long st_spare4[2]; /* reserved */
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}
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.fi
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.LP
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The items marked 'reserved' are not currently used but are reserved
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for future expansion; do not use these fields for any reason.
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.BR st_dev
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is the number of the device on which the file resides. This number
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is the same as the GS/OS device ID number.
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.BR st_rdev
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is not currently used, but may in the future designate a device type
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code.
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.LP
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As short symbolic links are stored in the inode,
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.IR st_blocks
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may be zero.
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.LP
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The status information word
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.I st_mode
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has the following bits:
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.nf
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#define S_IFCHR 0020000 /* character special */
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#define S_IFDIR 0040000 /* directory */
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#define S_IFBLK 0060000 /* block special */
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#define S_IFREG 0100000 /* regular */
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#define S_IFLNK 0120000 /* symbolic link */
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#define S_IFSOCK 0140000 /* socket */
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#define S_IRUSR 0000400 /* read permission, owner */
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#define S_IWUSR 0000200 /* write permission, owner */
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#define S_IXUSR 0000100 /* execute/search permission, owner */
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.fi
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.LP
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For a list of access modes, see <sys/stat.h>,
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.BR access (2)
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and
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.BR chmod (2).
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.SH RETURN VALUES
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Upon successful completion a value of 0 is returned.
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Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and
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.IR errno
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is set to indicate the error.
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.SH COMPATIBILITY
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BSD uses a larger set of defined fields than does GNO. The types
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of the fields also, in general, differ.
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.LP
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The
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.BR stat
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man page for GNO v2.0.4 documented the macros
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.BR S_IREAD ,
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.BR S_IWRITE ,
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and
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.BR S_IEXEC .
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These macros are still available in <sys/stat.h> provided that
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.BR _POSIX_SOURCE
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is not defined.
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.SH ERRORS
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.BR Stat
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and
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.BR lstat
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will fail if:
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.RS
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.IP \fBENOTDIR\fR
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A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
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.IP \fBENOENT\fR
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The named file does not exist.
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.IP \fBEBADF\fR
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.IR fd
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does not refer to an open file.
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.RE
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.LP
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.RS
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.BR Fstat
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will fail if:
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.IP \fBEBADF\fR
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.I fd
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is not a valid open file descriptor.
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.IP \fBEIO\fR
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An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.
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.RE
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR chmod (2),
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.BR chown (2),
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.BR utimes (2)
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.BR symlink (7)
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.SH BUGS
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GNO does not yet support hard or symbolic file links on the IIgs. Therefore,
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.BR lstat
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operates exactly like
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.BR stat .
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If there's a case where
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.BR lstat
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might be more appropriate at a time when links are supported, then use
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.BR lstat
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instead and be ready for the future.
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.LP
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.BR fstat
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doesn't do anything clever with all the unused fields when its argument is
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a pipe or terminal.
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.SH STANDARDS
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The
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.BR stat
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and
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.BR fstat
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function calls are close, but do not conform, to IEEE Std 1003.1-1988 (POSIX).
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In particular,
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.RS
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.LP
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\- this implementation does not make the distinction of file ownership;
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.LP
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\- not all the required error return codes are implemented; and
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.LP
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\- file access time mirrors modification time.
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.RE
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.SH HISTORY
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An
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.BR lstat
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function call appeared in 4.2BSD.
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