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491 lines
23 KiB
C
491 lines
23 KiB
C
/************************************************************
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Created: Wednesday, November 1, 1989
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DisAsmLookup.h
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C Interface to the Macintosh Libraries
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Copyright Apple Computer, Inc. 1987-1990
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All rights reserved
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************************************************************/
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#ifndef __DISASMLOOKUP__
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#define __DISASMLOOKUP__
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#ifndef __TYPES__
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#include <Types.h>
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#endif
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typedef enum {_A0_, _A1_, _A2_, _A3_, _A4_, _A5_, _A6_, _A7_, _PC_, _ABS_, _TRAP_, _IMM_} LookupRegs;
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#ifdef __cplusplus
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extern "C" {
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#endif
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/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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pascal void Disassembler(long DstAdjust, /* Address correction */
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short *BytesUsed, /* Bytes used up by 1 call */
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Ptr FirstByte, /* Ptr to 1st byte */
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char *Opcode, /* Ptr to opcode string */
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char *Operand, /* Ptr to operand string */
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char *Comment, /* Ptr to comment string */
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Ptr LookUpProc); /* Ptr to PASCAL proc or NULL */
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/*
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Disassembler is a Pascal routine to be called to disassemble a sequence of
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bytes. All MC68xxx, MC68881, and MC68851 instructions are supported. The
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sequence of bytes to be disassembled are pointed to by FirstByte. BytesUsed
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bytes starting at FirstByte are consumed by the disassembly, and the Opcode,
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Operand, and Comment strings returned as NULL TERMINATED Pascal strings (for
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easier manipulation with C). The caller is then free to format or use the
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output strings any way appropriate to the application.
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Depending on the opcode and effective address(s) (EA's) to be disassembled,
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the Opcode, Operand, and Comment strings contain the following information:
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Case Opcode Operand Comment
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=======================================================================
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Non PC-relative EA's op.sz EA's ; 'c…' (for immediates)
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PC-relative EA's op.sz EA's ; address
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Toolbox traps DC.W $AXXX ; TB XXXX
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OS traps DC.W $AXXX ; OS XXXX
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Invalid bytes DC.W $XXXX ; ????
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=======================================================================
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For valid disassembly of processor instructions the appropriate MC68XXX
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opcode mnemonic is generated for the Opcode string along with a size
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attribute when required. The source and destination EA's are generated as the
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Operand along with a possible comment. Comments start with a ';'. Traps use
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a DC.W assembler directive as the Opcode with the trap word as the Operand
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and a comment indicating whether the trap is a toolbox or OS trap and what
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the trap number is. As described later the caller can generate symbolic
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substitutions into EA's and provide names for traps.
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Invalid instructions cause the string 'DC.W' to be returned in the Opcode
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string. Operand is '$XXXX' (the invalid word) with a comment of '; ????'.
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BytesUsed is 2. This is similar to the trap call case except for the comment.
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Note, the Operand EA's is syntatically similar to but NOT COMPATIBLE with the
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MPW assembler! This is because the Disassembler generates byte hex constants
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as "$XX" and word hex constants as "$XXXX". Negative values (e.g., $FF or
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$FFFF) produced by the Disassembler are treated as long word values by the MPW
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assembler. Thus it is assumed that Disassembler output will NOT be used as
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MPW assembler input. If that is the goal, then the caller must convert strings
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of the form $XX or $XXXX in the Operand string to their decimal equivalent.
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The routine ModifyOperand is provided in this unit to aid with the conversion
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process.
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Since a PC-relative comment is an address, the only address that the
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Disassembler knows about is the address of the code pointed to by FirstByte.
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Generally, that may be a buffer that has no relation to "reality", i.e., the
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actual code loaded into the buffer. Therefore, to allow the address comment
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to be mapped back to some actual address the caller may specify an adjustment
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factor, specified by DstAdjust that is ADDED to the value that normally would
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be placed in the comment.
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Operand effective address strings are generated as a function of the
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effective address mode and a special case is made for A-trap opcode strings.
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In places where a possible symbolic reference could be substituted for an
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address (or a portion of an address), the Disassembler can call a user
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specified routine to do the substitution (using th LookupProc parameter
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described later). The following table summarizes the generated effective
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addresses and where symbolic substitutions (S) can be made:
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Mode Generated Effective Address Effective Address with Substitution
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========================================================================
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0 Dn Dn
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1 An An
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2 (An) (An)
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3 (An)+ (An)+
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4 -(An) -(An)
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5 ∂(An) S(An) or just S (if An=A5, ∂≥0)
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6n ∂(An,Xn.Size*Scale) S(An,Xn.Size*Scale)
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6n (BD,An,Xn.Size*Scale) (S,An,Xn.Size*Scale)
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6n ([BD,An],Xm.Size*Scale,OD) ([S,An],Xm.Size*Scale,OD)
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6n ([BD,An,Xn.Size*Scale],OD) ([S,An,Xn.Size*Scale],OD)
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70 ∂ S
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71 ∂ S
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72 *±∂ S
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73 *±∂(Xn.Size*Scale) S(Xn.Size*Scale)
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73 (*±∂,Xn.Size*Scale) (S,Xn.Size*Scale)
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73 ([*±∂],Xm.Size*Scale,OD) ([S],Xm.Size*Scale,OD)
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73 ([*±∂,Xn.Size*Scale],OD) ([S,Xn.Size*Scale],OD)
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74 #data S (#data made comment)
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A-traps $AXXX S (as opcode, AXXX made comment)
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========================================================================
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For A-traps, the substitution can be performed to substitute for the DC.W
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opcode string. If the substitution is made then the Disassembler will
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generate ,Sys and/or ,Immed flags as operands for Toolbox traps and
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,AutoPop for OS traps when the bits in the trap word indicates these
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settings.
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| Generated | Substituted
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| Opcode Operand Comment | Opcode Operand Comment
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========================================================================
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Toolbox | DC.W $AXXX ; TB XXXX | S [,Sys][,Immed] ; AXXX
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OS | DC.W $AXXX ; OS XXXX | S [,AutoPop] ; AXXX
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========================================================================
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All displacements (∂, BD, OD) are hexadecimal values shown as a byte ($XX),
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word ($XXXX), or long ($XXXXXXXX) as appropriate. The *Scale is suppressed if
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1. The Size is W or L. Note that effective address substitutions can only be
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made for "∂(An)", "BD,An", and "*±∂" cases.
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For all the effective address modes 5, 6n, 7n, and for A-traps, a coroutine (a
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procedure) whose address is specified by the LookupProc parameter is called by
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the Disassembler (if LookupProc is not NIL) to do the substitution (or A-trap
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comment) with a string returned by the proc. It is assumed that the proc
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pointed to by LookupProc is a level 1 Pascal proc declared as follows:
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PROCEDURE Lookup( PC: UNIV Ptr; {Addr of extension/trap word}
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BaseReg: LookupRegs; {Base register/lookup mode }
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Opnd: UNIV LongInt; {Trap word, PC addr, disp. }
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VAR S: Str255); {Returned substitution }
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or in C,
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pascal void LookUp(Ptr PC,
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LookupRegs BaseReg,
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long Opnd,
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char *S);
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PC = Pointer to instruction extension word or A-trap word in the
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buffer pointed to by the Disassembler's FirstByte parameter.
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BaseReg = This determines the meaning of the Opnd value and supplies
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the base register for the "∂(An)", "BD,An", and "*±∂" cases.
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BaseReg may contain any one of the following values:
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_A0_ = 0 ==> A0
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_A1_ = 1 ==> A1
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_A2_ = 2 ==> A2
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_A3_ = 3 ==> A3
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_A4_ = 4 ==> A4
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_A5_ = 5 ==> A5
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_A6_ = 6 ==> A6
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_A7_ = 7 ==> A7
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_PC_ = 8 ==> PC-relative (special case)
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_ABS_ = 9 ==> Abs addr (special case)
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_TRAP_ = 10 ==> Trap word (special case)
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_IMM_ = 11 ==> Immediate (special case)
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For absolute addressing (modes 70 and 71), BaseReg contains _ABS_.
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For A-traps, BaseReg would contain _TRAP_. For immediate data (mode
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74), BaseReg would contain _IMM_.
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Opnd = The contents of this LongInt is determined by the BaseReg parameter
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just described.
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For BaseReg = _IMM_ (immediate data):
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Opnd contains the (extended) 32-bit immediate data specified by
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the instruction.
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For BaseReg = _TRAP_ (A-traps):
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Opnd is the entire trap word. The high order 16 bits of Opnd are
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zero.
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For BaseReg = _ABS_ (absolute effective address):
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Opnd contains the (extended) 32-bit address specifed by the
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instruction's effective address. Such addresses would generally
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be used to reference low memory globals on a Macintosh.
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For BaseReg = _PC_ (PC-relative effective address):
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Opnd contains the 32-bit address represented by "*±∂" adjusted
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by the Disassembler's DstAdjust parameter.
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For BaseReg = _An_ (effective address with a base register):
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Opnd contains the (sign-extended) 32-bit (base) displacement
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from the instruction's effective address.
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In the Macintosh environment, a BaseReg specifying A5 implies
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either global data references or Jump Table references. Positive
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Opnd values with an A5 BaseReg thus mean Jump Table references,
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while a negative offset would mean a global data reference.
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Base registers of A6 or A7 would usually mean local data.
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S = Pascal string returned from Lookup containing the effective address
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substitution string or a trap name for A-traps. S is set to null
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PRIOR to calling Lookup. If it is still null on return, the string
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is not used. If not null, then for A-traps, the returned string is
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used as a opcode string. In all other cases the string is
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substituted as shown in the above table.
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Depending on the application, the caller has three choices on how to use the
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Disassembler and an associated Lookup proc:
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(1). The caller can call just the Disassembler and provide his own Lookup
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proc. In that case the calling conventions discussed above must be
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followed.
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(2). The caller can provide NIL for the LookupProc parameter, in which case,
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NO Lookup proc will be called.
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(3). The caller can call first InitLookup (described below, a proc provided
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with this unit) and pass the address of this unit's standard Lookup proc
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when Disassembler is called. In this case all the control logic to
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determine the kind of substitution to be done is provided for the caller
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and all that need to be provided by the user are routines to look up any
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or all of the following:
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• PC-relative references
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• Jump Table references
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• Absolute address references
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• Trap names
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• Immediate data names
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• References with offsets from base registers */
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pascal void InitLookup(Ptr PCRelProc, Ptr JTOffProc, Ptr TrapProc,
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Ptr AbsAddrProc, Ptr IdProc, Ptr ImmDataProc);
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/*
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Prepare for use of this unit's Lookup proc. When Disassembler is called
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and the address of this unit's Lookup proc is specified, then for immeduate
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data, PC-relative, Jump Table references, A-traps, absolute addresses, and
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offsets from a base register, the associated level 1 Pascal proc specified
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here is called (if not NULL -- all five addresses are preset to NULL). The
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calls assume the following declarations for these procs (see Lookup, below
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for further details):
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PROCEDURE PCRelProc(Address: UNIV LongInt;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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PROCEDURE JTOffProc(A5JTOffset: UNIV Integer;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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PROCEDURE TrapNameProc(TrapWord: UNIV Integer;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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PROCEDURE AbsAddrProc(AbsAddr: UNIV LongInt;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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PROCEDURE IdProc(BaseReg: LookupRegs;
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Offset: UNIV LongInt;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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PROCEDURE ImmDataProc(ImmData: UNIV LongInt;
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VAR S: UNIV Str255);
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or in C,
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pascal void PCRelProc(long Address, char *S)
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pascal void JTOffProc(short A5JTOffset, char *S)
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pascal void TrapNameProc(unsigned short TrapWord, char *S)
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pascal void AbsAddrProc(long AbsAddr, char *S)
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pascal void IdProc(LookupRegs BaseReg, long Offset, char *S)
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pascal void ImmDataProc(long ImmData, char *S)
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Note: InitLookup contains initialized data which requires initializing at load
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time (this is of concern only to users with assembler main programs).
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*/
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pascal void Lookup(Ptr PC, /* Addr of extension/trap word */
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LookupRegs BaseReg, /* Base register/lookup mode */
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long Opnd, /* Trap word, PC addr, disp. */
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char *S); /* Returned substitution */
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/*
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This is a standard Lookup proc available to the caller for calls to the
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Disassembler. If the caller elects to use this proc, then InitLookup MUST be
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called prior to any calls to the Disassembler. All the logic to determine the
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type of lookup is done by this proc. For PC-relative, Jump Table references,
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A-traps, absolute addresses, and offsets from a base register, the associated
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level 1 Pascal proc specified in the InitLookup call (if not NULL) is called.
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This scheme simplifies the Lookup mechanism by allowing the caller to deal
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with just the problems related to the application.
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*/
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pascal void LookupTrapName(unsigned short TrapWord, char *S);
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/*
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This is a procedure provided to allow conversion of a trap instruction (in
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TrapWord) to its corresponding trap name (in S). It is provided primarily for
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use with the Disassembler and its address may be passed to InitLookup above for
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use by this unit's Lookup routine. Alternatively, there is nothing prohibiting
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the caller from using it directly for other purposes or by some other lookup
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proc.
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Note: The tables in this proc make the size of this proc about 9500 bytes. The
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trap names are fully spelled out in upper and lower case.
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*/
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pascal void ModifyOperand(char *operand);
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/*
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Scan an operand string, i.e., the null terminated Pascal string returned by
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the Disassembler (null MUST be present here) and modify negative hex values to
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negated positive value. For example, $FFFF(A5) would be modified to -$0001(A5).
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The operand to be processed is passed as the function's parameter which is
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edited "in place" and returned to the caller.
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This routine is essentially a pattern matcher and attempts to only modify 2, 4,
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and 8 digit hex strings in the operand that "might" be offsets from a base
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register. If the matching tests are passed, the same number of original digits
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are output (because that indicates a value's size -- byte, word, or long).
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For a hex string to be modified, the following tests must be passed:
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• There must have been exactly 2, 4, or 8 digits.
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Only hex strings $XX, $XXXX, and $XXXXXXXX are possible candidates because
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that is the only way the Disassembler generates offsets.
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• Hex string must be delimited by a "(" or a ",".
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The "(" allows offsets for $XXXX(An,...) and $XX(An,Xn) addressing modes.
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The comma allows for the MC68020 addressing forms.
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• The "$X..." must NOT be preceded by a "±".
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This eliminates the possibility of modifying the offset of a PC-relative
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addressing mode always generated in the form "*±$XXXX".
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• The "$X..." must NOT be preceded by a "#".
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This eliminates modifying immediate data.
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• Value must be negative.
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Negative values are the only values we modify. A value $FFFF is modified to
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-$0001.
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*/
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extern char *validMacsBugSymbol(char *symStart, void *limit,
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char *symbol);
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/*
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Check that the bytes pointed to by symStart represents a valid MacsBug symbol.
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The symbol must be fully contained in the bytes starting at symStart, up to,
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but not including, the byte pointed to by the limit parameter.
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If a valid symbol is NOT found, then NULL is returned as the function's result.
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However, if a valid symbol is found, it is copied to symbol (if it is not NULL)
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as a null terminated Pascal string, and return a pointer to where we think the
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FOLLOWING module begins. In the "old style" cases (see below) this will always
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be 8 or 16 bytes after the input symStart. For new style Apple Pascal and C
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cases this will depend on the symbol length, existence of a pad byte, and size
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of the constant (literal) area. In all cases, trailing blanks are removed from
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the symbol.
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A valid MacsBug symbol consists of the characters '_', '%', spaces, digits, and
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upper/lower case letters in a format determined by the first two bytes of the
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symbol as follows:
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1st byte | 2nd byte | Byte |
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Range | Range | Length | Comments
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==============================================================================
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$20 - $7F | $20 - $7F | 8 | "Old style" MacsBug symbol format
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$A0 - $7F | $20 - $7F | 8 | "Old style" MacsBug symbol format
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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$20 - $7F | $80 - $FF | 16 | "Old style" MacApp symbol ab==>b.a
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$A0 - $7F | $80 - $FF | 16 | "Old style" MacApp symbol ab==>b.a
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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$80 | $01 - $FF | n | n = 2nd byte (Apple Compiler symbol)
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$81 - $9F | $00 - $FF | m | m = 1st byte & $7F (Apple Compiler symbol)
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==============================================================================
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The formats are determined by whether bit 7 is set in the first and second
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bytes. This bit will removed when we find it or'ed into the first and/or
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second valid symbol characters.
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The first two formats in the above table are the basic "old style" (pre-
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existing) MacsBug formats. The first byte may or may not have bit 7 set the
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second byte is a valid symbol character. The first byte (with bit 7 removed)
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and the next 7 bytes are assumed to comprise the symbol.
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The second pair of formats are also "old style" formats, but used for MacApp
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symbols. Bit 7 set in the second character indicates these formats. The symbol
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is assumed to be 16 bytes with the second 8 bytes preceding the first 8 bytes
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in the generated symbol. For example, 12345678abcdefgh represents the symbol
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abcdefgh.12345678.
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The last pair of formats are reserved by Apple and generated by the MPW Pascal
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and C compilers. In these cases the value of the first byte is always between
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$80 and $9F, or with bit 7 removed, between $00 and $1F. For $00, the second
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byte is the length of the symbol with that many bytes following the second
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byte (thus a max length of 255). Values $01 to $1F represent the length itself.
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A pad byte may follow these variable length cases if the symbol does not end
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on a word boundary. Following the symbol and the possible pad byte is a word
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containing the size of the constants (literals) generated by the compiler.
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Note that if symStart actually does point to a valid MacsBug symbol, then you
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may use showMacsBugSymbol to convert the MacsBug symbol bytes to a string that
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could be used as a DC.B operand for disassembly purposes. This string
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explicitly shows the MacsBug symbol encodings.
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*/
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extern char *endOfModule(void *address, void *limit, char *symbol,
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void **nextModule);
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/*
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Check to see if the specified memory address, contains a RTS, JMP (A0) or
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RTD #n instruction immediately followed by a valid MacsBug symbol. These
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sequences are the only ones which can determine an end of module when MacsBug
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symbols are present. During the check, the instruction and its following
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MacsBug symbol must be fully contained in the bytes starting at the specified
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address parameter, up to, but not including, the byte pointed to by the limit
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parameter.
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If the end of module is NOT found, then NULL is returned as the function's
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result. However, if a end of module is found, the MacsBug symbol is returned
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in symbol (if it is not NULL) as a null terminated Pascal string (with trailing
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blanks removed), and the functions returns the pointer to the start of the
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MacsBug symbol (i.e., address+2 for RTS or JMP (A0) and address+4 for RTD #n).
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This address may then be used as in input parameter to showMacsBugSymbol to
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convert the MacsBug symbol to a Disassembler operand string.
|
|
|
|
Also returned in nextModule is where we think the FOLLOWING module begins. In
|
|
the "old style" cases (see validMacsBugSymbol) this will always be 8 or 16
|
|
bytes after the input address. For new style the Apple Pascal and C cases this
|
|
will depend on the symbol length, existence of a pad byte, and size of the
|
|
constant (literal) area. See validMacsBugSymbol for a description of valid
|
|
MacsBug symbol formats.
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
extern char *showMacsBugSymbol(char *symStart, void *limit, char *operand,
|
|
short *bytesUsed);
|
|
/*
|
|
Format a MacsBug symbol as a operand of a DC.B directive. The first one or two
|
|
bytes of the symbol are generated as $80+'c' if they have there high high bits
|
|
set. All other characters are shown as characters in a string constant. The
|
|
pad byte, if present, is one is also shown as $00.
|
|
|
|
This routine is called to check that the bytes pointed to by symStart represent
|
|
a valid MacsBug symbol. The symbol must be fully contained in the bytes
|
|
starting at symStart, up to, but not including the byte pointed to by the limit
|
|
parameter.
|
|
|
|
When called, showMacsBugSymbol assumes that symStart is pointing at a valid
|
|
MacsBug symbol as validated by the validMacsBugSymbol or endOfModule routines.
|
|
As with validMacsBugSymbol, the symbol must be fully contained in the bytes
|
|
starting at symStart up to, but not including, the byte pointed to by the end
|
|
parameter.
|
|
|
|
The string is returned in the 'operand' parameter as a null terminated Pascal
|
|
string. The function also returns a pointer to this string as its return
|
|
value (NULL is returned only if the byte pointed to by the limit parameter is
|
|
reached prior to processing the entire symbol -- which should not happen if
|
|
properly validated). The number of bytes used for the symbol is returned in
|
|
bytesUsed. Due to the way MacsBug symbols are encoded, bytesUsed may not
|
|
necessarily be the same as the length of the operand string.
|
|
|
|
A valid MacsBug symbol consists of the characters '_', '%', spaces, digits, and
|
|
upper/lower case letters in a format determined by the first two bytes of the
|
|
symbol as described in the validMacsBugSymbol routine.
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
#ifdef __cplusplus
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
#endif
|