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6502bench/docs/sgtutorial/extension-scripts.html
Andy McFadden 4537f24958 Rework tutorial for changes in v1.8
Biggest changes were to the address region handling in Tutorial1
and the use of StdInline.cs for the inline strings in Tutorial4.

Also, fixed the off-by-one error in Tutorial1.
2021-11-14 09:02:53 -08:00

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<h2>Extension Scripts</h2>
<div class="grid-container">
<div class="grid-item-text">
<p>Some repetitive formatting tasks can be handled with automatic scripts.
This is especially useful for inline data, which can confuse the code
analyzer.</p>
<p>An earlier tutorial demonstrated how to manually mark bytes as
inline data. We're going to do it a faster way. For this tutorial,
start a new project with the <samp>Generic 6502</samp> profile, and
in the SourceGen Examples/Tutorial directory select "Tutorial4".</p>
<!--<p>We'll need to load scripts from the project directory, so we have to
save the project. <samp>File &gt; Save</samp>,
use the default name ("Tutorial4.dis65").</p>-->
</div>
</div>
<div class="grid-container">
<div class="grid-item-image">
<img src="images/t4-add-inlinel1.png" alt="t4-add-inlinel1"/>
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<div class="grid-item-text">
<p>Take a look at the disassembly listing. The file starts with a
<code>JSR</code> followed by a string that begins with a small number.
This appears to be a string with a leading length byte. We want to load
a script that can handle that, so use
<samp>Edit &gt; Project Properties</samp>, select the
<samp>Extension Scripts</samp> tab, and click
<samp>Add Scripts from Runtime</samp>. The file
browser opens in the RuntimeData directory. Open the
"<samp>Common</samp>" folder, select the file
"<samp>StdInline.cs</samp>", click <samp>Open</samp>,
then <samp>OK</samp>.</p>
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<img src="images/t4-stdinline-src.png" alt="t4-stdinline-src"/>
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<p>Nothing happened. If you look at the script with an editor (and you
know some C#), you'll see that it's looking for a <code>JSR</code> to a
function that begins with certain prefixes. For ASCII length-delimited
strings, the prefix is <code>InA1_</code>. So let's set a label.</p>
</div>
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<div class="grid-item-text">
<p>Double-click the <code>JSR</code> opcode on line $1000
to jump to address $1036. The only thing there is an <code>RTS</code>.
It's supposed to be a routine that prints a string with a leading length
byte, but for the sake of keeping the example code short it's just a
place-holder. Use the curly toolbar arrow
(or <kbd class="key">Alt+LeftArrow</kbd>) to jump back to $1000.</p>
</div>
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<img src="images/t4-inlinel1-edit.png" alt="t4-inlinel1-edit"/>
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<p>This time, double-click the <code>JSR</code> <i>operand</i>
("<samp>L1036</samp>") to edit the operand.
Click <samp>Create Label</samp>, and enter <kbd>InA1_PrintString</kbd>.
Remember that labels are case-sensitive;
you must enter it exactly as shown. Hit <samp>OK</samp> to accept the label,
and <samp>OK</samp> to close the operand editor.</p>
</div>
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<img src="images/t4-inlinel1-done.png" alt="t4-inlinel1-done"/>
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<p>If all went well, address $1003
should now be an L1 string "<code>How long?</code>", and address $100D
should be another <code>JSR</code>. This one appears to be followed
by an inline null-terminated string, so we'll need something
that handles that.</p>
</div>
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<img src="images/t4-inlinenull-done.png" alt="t4-inlinenull-done"/>
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<p>Double-click the operand on line $100D ("<code>L1037</code>"),
click <samp>Create Label</samp>,
and set the label to "<kbd>InAZ_PrintString1</kbd>".
Hit <samp>OK</samp> twice. That formatted the first one and got us
to the next <code>JSR</code>, at $1019. Repeat the process on line $1019
("<code>L1038</code>"), setting the label to
"<kbd>InAZ_PrintString2</kbd>".</p>
</div>
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<img src="images/t4-inlinemulti-done.png" alt="t4-inlinemulti-done"/>
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<p>The last <code>JSR</code>, at $1025, is followed by a 16-bit
pointer. Edit the operand, and use <samp>Create Label</samp> to
set the label at the target address to "<kbd>InWA_StringPtr</kbd>".
Because the bytes were formatted as an address and not a just a
16-bit value, a label was generated automatically.</p>
<p>What we'd really like to do in this case is to have it format the
16-bit address as a pointer, and format the data it points to as
a null-terminated string. The StdInline script doesn't know how to
do that though, so you'd need to write a custom script. (Scripts
can format multiple data items, add symbolic references to labels
and constants, and chase pointers around.)</p>
<p>The entire project is now nicely formatted. In a real project the
"Print Inline" locations would be actual print functions, not just <code>RTS</code>
instructions. There would likely be multiple <code>JSR</code>s to the print function,
so labeling a single function entry point could format dozens of inline
strings and clean up the disassembly automatically. The reason for
allowing wildcard names is that some functions may have multiple
entry points or chain through different locations.</p>
</div>
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<p>Extension scripts can make your life much easier, but they do require
some programming experience. See the "Advanced Topics" section in the
SourceGen manual for more details.</p>
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