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https://github.com/sehugg/8bitworkshop.git
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214 lines
21 KiB
C
214 lines
21 KiB
C
/*
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Mockingboard music demo for the Apple ][.
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A Mockingboard C plugs into a slot (slot 4 here, so it appears at $C400)
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and carries two AY-3-8913 PSGs, each hidden behind a 6522 VIA. The AY is
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not connected to the Apple bus -- you have to bit-bang it through the VIA:
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put the AY register number or value on port A, then pulse BC1/BDIR on port
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B to latch an address or write data. $C400 is the first VIA/AY and $C480
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the second.
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Port B bit 0 = BC1, bit 1 = BDIR, bit 2 = /RESET (must stay high). BC1/BDIR
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is 11 to latch an address and 01 to write data; both are bracketed by 00
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(inactive), because the AY only reacts while it is idle.
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The same 6522 also runs its Timer 1 continuously at 60 Hz, setting the T1
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flag in the interrupt flag register on each rollover. The main loop polls
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that flag to step the music, so the tempo is derived from the CPU clock
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(~1.0227 MHz) instead of a delay loop. The VIA IRQ line does reach the
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Apple bus, but Timer 1 interrupts are left disabled, so the ROM's IRQ
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handler (which would reset the machine) is never entered.
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*/
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#include <conio.h>
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#define MB1 0xC400 /* slot 4, first VIA/AY */
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#define MB2 0xC480 /* slot 4, second VIA/AY */
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#define AY_OFF 0x04 /* inactive, /RESET high */
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#define AY_WRITE 0x06
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#define AY_LATCH 0x07
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/* 6522 VIA registers, as offsets from a base address */
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#define VIA_T1CL 0x04 /* timer 1 counter/latch, low */
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#define VIA_T1CH 0x05 /* timer 1 counter/latch, high (starts timer) */
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#define VIA_ACR 0x0b /* auxiliary control register */
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#define VIA_IFR 0x0d /* interrupt flag register */
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/* The VIA is clocked by the ~1.0227 MHz CPU clock: 1022727 / 60 = 17045 */
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#define TIMER_60HZ 17045
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/* pulse the VIA ports to move one byte to/from the AY */
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void ay_set(unsigned base, unsigned char reg, unsigned char val)
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{
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volatile unsigned char *orb = (volatile unsigned char *)base;
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volatile unsigned char *ora = orb + 1;
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*orb = AY_OFF;
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*ora = reg;
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*orb = AY_LATCH; /* latch register number */
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*orb = AY_OFF;
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*ora = val;
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*orb = AY_WRITE; /* write data */
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*orb = AY_OFF;
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}
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void ay_init(unsigned base)
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{
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unsigned char r;
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for (r = 0; r < 14; r++)
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ay_set(base, r, 0);
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ay_set(base, 7, 0x3f); /* start with every generator off */
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}
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/* start 6522 Timer 1 free-running at 60 Hz */
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void timer_init(unsigned base)
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{
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volatile unsigned char *via = (volatile unsigned char *)base;
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via[VIA_ACR] = 0x40; /* T1 continuous, PB7 stays an I/O */
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via[VIA_T1CL] = TIMER_60HZ & 0xff;
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via[VIA_T1CH] = TIMER_60HZ >> 8; /* load latch and start counting */
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}
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/* returns 1 once per 60 Hz rollover, clearing the T1 flag */
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unsigned char timer_tick(unsigned base)
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{
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volatile unsigned char *via = (volatile unsigned char *)base;
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if (via[VIA_IFR] & 0x40) { /* timer 1 rolled over */
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via[VIA_IFR] = 0x40; /* clear the T1 flag */
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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void ay_set_tone(unsigned base, unsigned char ch, unsigned int period)
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{
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ay_set(base, ch * 2, period & 0xff);
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ay_set(base, ch * 2 + 1, period >> 8);
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}
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void ay_set_vol(unsigned base, unsigned char ch, unsigned char vol)
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{
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ay_set(base, 8 + ch, vol & 0x0f);
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}
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typedef unsigned char byte;
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typedef unsigned short word;
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//
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// MUSIC ROUTINES
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//
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// Namespace(length=64, upper=49, freq=63920.0, bias=0, maxbits=12)
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// 437.3 4.28561873524777 49
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const int note_table[64] = {
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2478,2339,2207,2084,1967,1856,1752,1654,1561,1473,1391,1313,1239,1169,1104,1042,983,928,876,827,780,737,695,656,619,585,552,521,492,464,438,413,390,368,348,328,310,292,276,260,246,232,219,207,195,184,174,164,155,146,138,130,123,116,110,103,98,92,87,82,77,73,69,65,};
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struct {
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byte volume;
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} voice[3];
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byte music_index = 0;
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byte cur_duration = 0;
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const byte music1[] = {
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0x1d,0x11,0x8a,0x3a,0x30,0x8a,0x1f,0x13,0x8a,0x38,0x30,0x8a,0x20,0x14,0x8a,0x33,0x30,0x8a,0x37,0x2e,0x22,0x8a,0x36,0x8a,0x37,0x2b,0x27,0x8a,0x3c,0x8a,0x21,0x27,0x2a,0x8a,0x3f,0x8a,0x3a,0x2b,0x27,0x8a,0x37,0x8a,0x33,0x2d,0x24,0x94,0x33,0x2d,0x1d,0x94,0x37,0x32,0x2c,0x8a,0x35,0x2c,0x32,0x8a,0x26,0x1a,0x8a,0x33,0x2e,0x2b,0x8a,0x27,0x1b,0x94,0x22,0x16,0x94,0x3f,0x3a,0x37,0xff
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
static const byte* music_ptr = 0;
|
|
static const byte* music_rts = 0;
|
|
static byte music_runlen = 0;
|
|
|
|
// decode next music byte, handling compression
|
|
byte next_music_byte(void) {
|
|
byte ch = *music_ptr++;
|
|
if (music_runlen) {
|
|
// we are in a backreference, count down
|
|
if (--music_runlen == 0) {
|
|
music_ptr = music_rts;
|
|
music_rts = 0;
|
|
}
|
|
} else if (ch == 0xfe) {
|
|
// back-reference: 0xfe <offset> <length>
|
|
byte offset = *music_ptr++;
|
|
music_runlen = *music_ptr++;
|
|
music_rts = music_ptr;
|
|
music_ptr -= offset + 3;
|
|
return next_music_byte();
|
|
}
|
|
return ch;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void play_music() {
|
|
byte ch;
|
|
byte enable = 0;
|
|
byte freech = 0;
|
|
byte chmask = 1;
|
|
for (ch=0; ch<3; ch++) {
|
|
if (voice[ch].volume) {
|
|
ay_set_vol(MB1, ch, voice[ch].volume--);
|
|
enable |= chmask;
|
|
} else {
|
|
freech = ch;
|
|
}
|
|
chmask <<= 1;
|
|
}
|
|
//ay_set(MB1, 7, ~enable);
|
|
if (music_ptr) {
|
|
ch = freech;
|
|
while (cur_duration == 0) {
|
|
byte note = next_music_byte();
|
|
if ((note & 0x80) == 0) {
|
|
int period = note_table[note & 63];
|
|
ay_set_tone(MB1, ch, period);
|
|
voice[ch].volume = 15;
|
|
ch = ch ? ch-1 : 2;
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (note == 0xff)
|
|
music_ptr = NULL;
|
|
cur_duration = note & 63;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
cur_duration--;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void start_music(const byte* music) {
|
|
music_ptr = music;
|
|
music_rts = 0;
|
|
music_runlen = 0;
|
|
cur_duration = 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef __MAIN__
|
|
|
|
void main(void)
|
|
{
|
|
clrscr();
|
|
gotoxy(8, 4);
|
|
cputs("MOCKINGBOARD DEMO");
|
|
gotoxy(8, 8);
|
|
cputs("AY-3-8913 x2 IN SLOT 4");
|
|
gotoxy(8, 12);
|
|
cputs("ESC TO STOP");
|
|
|
|
ay_init(MB1);
|
|
ay_init(MB2);
|
|
ay_set(MB1, 7, 0x38); /* tone A/B/C on, noise off */
|
|
//ay_set(MB2, 7, 0x37); /* noise A only */
|
|
timer_init(MB1); /* 60 Hz clock to drive the music */
|
|
|
|
for (;;) {
|
|
if (!music_ptr) start_music(music1);
|
|
play_music();
|
|
while (!timer_tick(MB1))
|
|
; /* wait for the next 60 Hz tick */
|
|
if (kbhit() && cgetc() == 27)
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ay_set(MB1, 7, 0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#endif
|