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CLK/Processors/65816/Implementation/65816Storage.cpp
2023-07-30 16:26:29 -04:00

1166 lines
42 KiB
C++

//
// 65816Storage.cpp
// Clock Signal
//
// Created by Thomas Harte on 23/09/2020.
// Copyright © 2020 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
//
#include "../65816.hpp"
#include <cassert>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
using namespace CPU::WDC65816;
struct CPU::WDC65816::ProcessorStorageConstructor {
// Establish that a storage constructor needs access to ProcessorStorage.
ProcessorStorage &storage_;
ProcessorStorageConstructor(ProcessorStorage &storage) : storage_(storage) {}
enum class AccessType {
Read, Write
};
/// Divides memory-accessing instructions by whether they read or write.
/// Read-modify-writes are documented with completely distinct bus programs,
/// so there's no real ambiguity there.
constexpr static AccessType access_type_for_operation(Operation operation) {
switch(operation) {
case ADC: case AND: case BIT: case CMP:
case CPX: case CPY: case EOR: case ORA:
case SBC:
case LDA: case LDX: case LDY:
// The access type for everything else is arbitrary; they're
// not relevantly either read or write.
default:
return AccessType::Read;
case STA: case STX: case STY: case STZ:
return AccessType::Write;
}
}
/// Indicates which of the memory-accessing instructions take their cue from the current
/// size of the index registers, rather than 'memory'[/accumulator].
constexpr static bool operation_is_index_sized(Operation operation) {
switch(operation) {
case CPX: case CPY:
case LDX: case LDY:
case STX: case STY:
return true;
default:
return false;
}
return false;
}
typedef void (* Generator)(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)>&);
using GeneratorKey = std::tuple<AccessType, Generator>;
using PatternTable = std::map<GeneratorKey, std::pair<size_t, size_t>>;
PatternTable installed_patterns;
int opcode = 0;
enum class AccessMode {
Mixed,
Always8Bit,
Always16Bit
};
void install(Generator generator, Operation operation, AccessMode access_mode = AccessMode::Mixed) {
// Determine the access type implied by this operation.
const AccessType access_type = access_type_for_operation(operation);
// Install the bus pattern.
const auto map_entry = install(generator, access_type);
const size_t micro_op_location_8 = map_entry->second.first;
const size_t micro_op_location_16 = map_entry->second.second;
// Fill in the proper table entries and increment the opcode pointer.
storage_.instructions[opcode].program_offsets[0] = (access_mode == AccessMode::Always8Bit) ? uint16_t(micro_op_location_8) : uint16_t(micro_op_location_16);
storage_.instructions[opcode].program_offsets[1] = (access_mode == AccessMode::Always16Bit) ? uint16_t(micro_op_location_16) : uint16_t(micro_op_location_8);
storage_.instructions[opcode].operation = operation;
storage_.instructions[opcode].size_field = operation_is_index_sized(operation);
++opcode;
}
void set_exception_generator(Generator generator, Generator reset_generator) {
const auto map_entry = install(generator);
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Exception)].program_offsets[0] =
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Exception)].program_offsets[1] = uint16_t(map_entry->second.first);
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Exception)].operation = JMPind;
const auto reset_tail_entry = install(reset_generator);
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Reset)].program_offsets[0] =
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Reset)].program_offsets[1] = uint16_t(reset_tail_entry->second.first);
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::Reset)].operation = JMPind;
}
void install_fetch_decode_execute() {
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::FetchDecodeExecute)].program_offsets[0] =
storage_.instructions[size_t(ProcessorStorage::OperationSlot::FetchDecodeExecute)].program_offsets[1] = uint16_t(storage_.micro_ops_.size());
storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(CycleFetchOpcode);
storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(OperationDecode);
}
private:
PatternTable::iterator install(Generator generator, AccessType access_type = AccessType::Read) {
// Check whether this access type + addressing mode generator has already been generated.
const auto key = std::make_pair(access_type, generator);
const auto map_entry = installed_patterns.find(key);
// If it wasn't found, generate it now in both 8- and 16-bit variants.
// Otherwise, get the location of the existing entries.
if(map_entry != installed_patterns.end()) {
return map_entry;
}
// Generate 8-bit steps.
const size_t micro_op_location_8 = storage_.micro_ops_.size();
(*generator)(access_type, true, [this] (MicroOp op) {
this->storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(op);
});
storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(OperationMoveToNextProgram);
// Generate 16-bit steps.
size_t micro_op_location_16 = storage_.micro_ops_.size();
(*generator)(access_type, false, [this] (MicroOp op) {
this->storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(op);
});
storage_.micro_ops_.push_back(OperationMoveToNextProgram);
// Minor optimisation: elide the steps if 8- and 16-bit steps are equal.
bool are_equal = true;
size_t c = 0;
while(true) {
if(storage_.micro_ops_[micro_op_location_8 + c] != storage_.micro_ops_[micro_op_location_16 + c]) {
are_equal = false;
break;
}
if(storage_.micro_ops_[micro_op_location_8 + c] == OperationMoveToNextProgram) break;
++c;
}
if(are_equal) {
storage_.micro_ops_.resize(micro_op_location_16);
micro_op_location_16 = micro_op_location_8;
}
// Insert into the map and return the resulting iterator.
return installed_patterns.insert(std::make_pair(key, std::make_pair(micro_op_location_8, micro_op_location_16))).first;
}
public:
/*
Code below is structured to ease translation from Table 5-7 of the 2018
edition of the WDC 65816 datasheet.
In each case the relevant addressing mode is described here via a generator
function that will spit out the correct MicroOps based on access type
(i.e. read, write or read-modify-write) and data size (8- or 16-bit).
That leads up to being able to declare the opcode map by addressing mode
and operation alone.
Things the generators can assume before they start:
1) the opcode has already been fetched and decoded, and the program counter incremented;
2) the data buffer is empty; and
3) the data address is undefined.
*/
// Performs the closing 8- or 16-bit read or write common to many modes below.
static void read_write(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
if(type == AccessType::Write) {
target(OperationPerform); // Perform operation to fill the data buffer.
if(!is8bit) target(CycleStoreIncrementData); // Data low.
target(CycleStoreData); // Data [high].
} else {
if(!is8bit) target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // Data low.
target(CycleFetchData); // Data [high].
target(OperationPerform); // Perform operation from the data buffer.
}
}
static void read_modify_write(bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(OperationSetMemoryLock); // Set the memory lock output until the end of this instruction.
if(!is8bit) target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // Data low.
target(CycleFetchData); // Data [high].
target(CycleStoreOrFetchDataThrowaway); // Native mode: reread final byte of data.
// Emulated mode: rewrite final byte of data.
target(OperationPerform); // Perform operation within the data buffer.
if(!is8bit) target(CycleStoreDecrementData); // Data high.
target(CycleStoreData); // Data [low].
}
// 1a. Absolute; a.
static void absolute(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(OperationConstructAbsolute); // Calculate data address.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 1b. Absolute; a, JMP.
static void absolute_jmp(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New PCH.
target(OperationPerform); // [JMP]
}
// 1c. Absolute; a, JSR.
static void absolute_jsr(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New PCH.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform); // [JSR].
target(CyclePush); // PCH.
target(CyclePush); // PCL.
}
// 1d. Absolute; a, read-modify-write.
static void absolute_rmw(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(OperationConstructAbsolute); // Calculate data address.
read_modify_write(is8bit, target);
}
// 2a. Absolute Indexed Indirect; (a, x), JMP.
static void absolute_indexed_indirect_jmp(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteIndexedIndirect); // Calculate data address.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // New PCL
target(CycleFetchData); // New PCH.
target(OperationPerform); // [JMP]
}
// 2b. Absolute Indexed Indirect; (a, x), JSR.
static void absolute_indexed_indirect_jsr(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(OperationCopyPCToData); // Prepare to push.
target(CyclePush); // PCH.
target(CyclePush); // PCL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteIndexedIndirect); // Calculate data address.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // New PCL
target(CycleFetchData); // New PCH.
target(OperationPerform); // ['JSR' (actually: JMPind will do)]
}
// 3a. Absolute Indirect; (a), JML.
static void absolute_indirect_jml(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New AAL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New AAH.
target(OperationConstructAbsolute16); // Calculate data address.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // New PCH.
target(CycleFetchData); // New PBR.
target(OperationPerform); // [JML]
}
// 3b. Absolute Indirect; (a), JMP.
static void absolute_indirect_jmp(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New AAL.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New AAH.
target(OperationConstructAbsolute16); // Calculate data address.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchData); // New PCH.
target(OperationPerform); // [JMP]
}
// 4a. Absolute long; al.
static void absolute_long(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAB.
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteLong); // Calculate data address.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 4b. Absolute long; al, JMP.
static void absolute_long_jmp(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCH.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New PBR.
target(OperationCopyInstructionToData);
target(OperationPerform); // ['JMP' (though it's JML in internal terms)]
}
// 4c. Absolute long al, JSL.
static void absolute_long_jsl(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // New PCH.
target(OperationCopyPBRToData); // Copy PBR to the data register.
target(CyclePush); // PBR.
target(CycleFetchPreviousThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPC); // New PBR.
target(OperationConstructAbsolute); // Calculate data address.
target(OperationPerform); // [JSL]
target(CyclePush); // PCH.
target(CyclePush); // PCL.
}
// 5. Absolute long, X; al, x.
static void absolute_long_x(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAB.
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteLongX); // Calculate data address.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 6a. Absolute, X; a, x.
static void absolute_x(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
if(type == AccessType::Read) {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteXRead); // Calculate data address, potentially skipping the next fetch.
} else {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteX); // Calculate data address.
}
target(CycleFetchIncorrectDataAddress); // Do the dummy read if necessary; OperationConstructAbsoluteXRead
// will skip this if it isn't required.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 6b. Absolute, X; a, x, read-modify-write.
static void absolute_x_rmw(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteX); // Calculate data address.
target(CycleFetchIncorrectDataAddress); // Perform dummy read.
read_modify_write(is8bit, target);
}
// 7. Absolute, Y; a, y.
static void absolute_y(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
if(type == AccessType::Read) {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteYRead); // Calculate data address, potentially skipping the next fetch.
} else {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteY); // Calculate data address.
}
target(CycleFetchIncorrectDataAddress); // Do the dummy read if necessary; OperationConstructAbsoluteYRead
// will skip this if it isn't required.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 8. Accumulator; A.
static void accumulator(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
// TODO: seriously consider a-specific versions of all relevant operations;
// the cost of interpreting three things here is kind of silly.
target(OperationCopyAToData);
target(OperationPerform);
target(OperationCopyDataToA);
}
// 9a. Block Move Negative [and]
// 9b. Block Move Positive.
//
// These don't fit the general model very well at all, hence the specialised fetch and store cycles.
static void block_move(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DBA.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // SBA.
target(CycleFetchBlockX); // SRC Data.
target(CycleStoreBlockY); // Dest Data.
target(CycleFetchBlockY); // IO.
target(CycleFetchBlockY); // IO.
target(OperationPerform); // [MVN or MVP]
}
// 10a. Direct; d.
// (That's zero page in 6502 terms)
static void direct(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 10b. Direct; d, read-modify-write.
// (That's zero page in 6502 terms)
static void direct_rmw(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
read_modify_write(is8bit, target);
}
// 11. Direct Indexed Indirect; (d, x).
static void direct_indexed_indirect(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirectIndexedIndirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAH.
target(OperationCopyDataToInstruction);
target(OperationConstructAbsolute);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 12. Direct Indirect; (d).
static void direct_indirect(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAH.
target(OperationConstructDirectIndirect);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 13. Direct Indirect Indexed; (d), y.
static void direct_indirect_indexed(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAH.
target(OperationCopyDataToInstruction);
if(type == AccessType::Read) {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteYRead); // Calculate data address, potentially skipping the next fetch.
} else {
target(OperationConstructAbsoluteY); // Calculate data address.
}
target(CycleFetchIncorrectDataAddress); // IO.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 14. Direct Indirect Indexed Long; [d], y.
static void direct_indirect_indexed_long(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAB.
target(OperationConstructDirectIndirectIndexedLong);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 15. Direct Indirect Long; [d].
static void direct_indirect_long(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirectLong);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAB.
target(OperationConstructDirectIndirectLong);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 16a. Direct, X; d, x.
static void direct_x(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirectX);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 16b. Direct, X; d, x, read-modify-write.
static void direct_x_rmw(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirectX);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
read_modify_write(is8bit, target);
}
// 17. Direct, Y; d, y.
static void direct_y(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirectY);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 18. Immediate; #.
static void immediate(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
if(!is8bit) target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // IDL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // ID [H].
target(OperationCopyInstructionToData);
target(OperationPerform);
}
static void immediate_rep_sep(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // IDL.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // "Add 1 cycle for REP and SEP"
target(OperationPerform);
}
// 19a. Implied; i.
static void implied(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform);
}
// 19b. Implied; i; XBA.
static void implied_xba(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform);
}
// 19c. Stop the Clock; also
// 19d. Wait for interrupt.
static void stp_wai(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(OperationPerform); // Establishes the termination condition.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleRepeatingNone); // This will first check whether the STP/WAI exit
// condition has occurred; if not then it'll issue
// either a BusOperation::None or ::Ready and then
// reschedule itself.
}
// 20. Relative; r.
static void relative(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Offset.
target(OperationPerform); // The branch instructions will skip zero, one or three
// of the next cycles, depending on the effect of
// the jump. They'll also calculate the correct target
// address, placing it into the data buffer.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationCopyDataToPC); // Install the address that was calculated above.
}
// 21. Relative long; rl.
static void relative_long(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Offset low.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Offset high.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform); // [BRL]
}
// 22a. Stack; s, abort/irq/nmi/res.
//
// Combined here with reset, which is the same sequence but with a different stack access.
static void stack_exception_impl(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target, MicroOp stack_op) {
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPrepareException); // Populates the data buffer; if the exception is a
// reset then switches to the reset tail program.
// Otherwise skips a micro-op if in emulation mode.
target(stack_op); // PBR [skipped in emulation mode].
target(stack_op); // PCH.
target(stack_op); // PCL.
target(OperationPickExceptionVector); // Select vector address.
target(stack_op); // P.
target(OperationClearDataBuffer); // Prepare to fetch the vector.
target(CycleFetchIncrementVector); // AAVL.
target(CycleFetchVector); // AAVH.
target(OperationPerform); // Jumps to the vector address.
}
static void stack_exception(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
stack_exception_impl(type, is8bit, target, CyclePush);
}
static void reset(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
// The reset program just disables the usual pushes.
stack_exception_impl(type, is8bit, target, CycleAccessStack);
}
// 22b(i). Stack; s, PLx, respecting emulation mode. E.g. PLP.
static void stack_pull(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
if(!is8bit) target(CyclePull); // REG low.
target(CyclePull); // REG [high].
target(OperationPerform);
}
// 22b(ii). Stack; s, PLx, ignoring emulation mode. E.g. PLD.
static void stack_pull_no_emulation(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
if(!is8bit) target(CyclePullNotEmulation); // REG low.
target(CyclePullNotEmulation); // REG [high].
target(OperationPerform);
}
// 22c. Stack; s, PHx.
static void stack_push(AccessType, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform);
if(!is8bit) target(CyclePush); // REG high.
target(CyclePush); // REG [low].
}
// 22d. Stack; s, PEA.
static void stack_pea(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // AAH.
target(OperationCopyInstructionToData);
target(CyclePush); // AAH.
target(CyclePush); // AAL.
}
// 22e. Stack; s, PEI.
static void stack_pei(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // DO.
target(OperationConstructDirect);
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAH.
target(CyclePush); // AAH.
target(CyclePush); // AAL.
}
// 22f. Stack; s, PER.
static void stack_per(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Offset low.
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Offset high.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructPER);
target(CyclePush); // AAH.
target(CyclePush); // AAL.
}
// 22g. Stack; s, RTI.
static void stack_rti(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CyclePull); // P.
target(CyclePull); // New PCL.
target(CyclePull); // New PCH.
target(CyclePullIfNotEmulation); // PBR.
target(OperationPerform); // [RTI] — to unpack the fields above.
}
// 22h. Stack; s, RTS.
static void stack_rts(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CyclePull); // PCL.
target(CyclePull); // PCH.
target(CycleFetchPreviousThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationPerform); // [RTS]
}
// 22i. Stack; s, RTL.
static void stack_rtl(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CycleFetchPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(CyclePull); // New PCL.
target(CyclePull); // New PCH.
target(CyclePull); // New PBR.
target(OperationPerform); // [RTL]
}
// 22j. Stack; s, BRK/COP.
static void brk_cop(AccessType, bool, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // Signature.
target(OperationPrepareException); // Populates the data buffer; this skips a micro-op if
// in emulation mode.
target(CyclePush); // PBR [skipped in emulation mode].
target(CyclePush); // PCH.
target(CyclePush); // PCL.
target(OperationPickExceptionVector); // Selects the exception's target; I've assumed the same
// logic as a 6502 here — i.e. that some interrupts can
// usurp the vectors of others.
target(CyclePush); // P.
target(CycleFetchIncrementVector); // AAVL.
target(CycleFetchVector); // AAVH.
target(OperationPerform); // Jumps to the vector address.
}
// 23. Stack Relative; d, s.
static void stack_relative(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // SO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructStackRelative);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
// 24. Stack Relative Indirect Indexed (d, s), y.
static void stack_relative_indexed_indirect(AccessType type, bool is8bit, const std::function<void(MicroOp)> &target) {
target(CycleFetchIncrementPC); // SO.
target(CycleFetchPreviousPCThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructStackRelative);
target(CycleFetchIncrementData); // AAL.
target(CycleFetchData); // AAH.
target(CycleFetchDataThrowaway); // IO.
target(OperationConstructStackRelativeIndexedIndirect);
read_write(type, is8bit, target);
}
};
ProcessorStorage::ProcessorStorage() {
set_reset_state();
micro_ops_.reserve(1024);
ProcessorStorageConstructor constructor(*this);
using AccessMode = ProcessorStorageConstructor::AccessMode;
// Install the instructions.
#define op(x, ...) constructor.install(&ProcessorStorageConstructor::x, __VA_ARGS__)
/* 0x00 BRK s */ op(brk_cop, JMPind);
/* 0x01 ORA (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, ORA);
/* 0x02 COP s */ op(brk_cop, JMPind);
/* 0x03 ORA d, s */ op(stack_relative, ORA);
/* 0x04 TSB d */ op(direct_rmw, TSB);
/* 0x05 ORA d */ op(direct, ORA);
/* 0x06 ASL d */ op(direct_rmw, ASL);
/* 0x07 ORA [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, ORA);
/* 0x08 PHP s */ op(stack_push, PHP, AccessMode::Always8Bit);
/* 0x09 ORA # */ op(immediate, ORA);
/* 0x0a ASL A */ op(accumulator, ASL);
/* 0x0b PHD s */ op(stack_push, PHD, AccessMode::Always16Bit);
/* 0x0c TSB a */ op(absolute_rmw, TSB);
/* 0x0d ORA a */ op(absolute, ORA);
/* 0x0e ASL a */ op(absolute_rmw, ASL);
/* 0x0f ORA al */ op(absolute_long, ORA);
/* 0x10 BPL r */ op(relative, BPL);
/* 0x11 ORA (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, ORA);
/* 0x12 ORA (d) */ op(direct_indirect, ORA);
/* 0x13 ORA (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, ORA);
/* 0x14 TRB d */ op(direct_rmw, TRB);
/* 0x15 ORA d, x */ op(direct_x, ORA);
/* 0x16 ASL d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, ASL);
/* 0x17 ORA [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, ORA);
/* 0x18 CLC i */ op(implied, CLC);
/* 0x19 ORA a, y */ op(absolute_y, ORA);
/* 0x1a INC A */ op(accumulator, INC);
/* 0x1b TCS i */ op(implied, TCS);
/* 0x1c TRB a */ op(absolute_rmw, TRB);
/* 0x1d ORA a, x */ op(absolute_x, ORA);
/* 0x1e ASL a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, ASL);
/* 0x1f ORA al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, ORA);
/* 0x20 JSR a */ op(absolute_jsr, JSR);
/* 0x21 AND (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, AND);
/* 0x22 JSL al */ op(absolute_long_jsl, JSL);
/* 0x23 AND d, s */ op(stack_relative, AND);
/* 0x24 BIT d */ op(direct, BIT);
/* 0x25 AND d */ op(direct, AND);
/* 0x26 ROL d */ op(direct_rmw, ROL);
/* 0x27 AND [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, AND);
/* 0x28 PLP s */ op(stack_pull, PLP, AccessMode::Always8Bit);
/* 0x29 AND # */ op(immediate, AND);
/* 0x2a ROL A */ op(accumulator, ROL);
/* 0x2b PLD s */ op(stack_pull_no_emulation, PLD, AccessMode::Always16Bit);
/* 0x2c BIT a */ op(absolute, BIT);
/* 0x2d AND a */ op(absolute, AND);
/* 0x2e ROL a */ op(absolute_rmw, ROL);
/* 0x2f AND al */ op(absolute_long, AND);
/* 0x30 BMI r */ op(relative, BMI);
/* 0x31 AND (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, AND);
/* 0x32 AND (d) */ op(direct_indirect, AND);
/* 0x33 AND (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, AND);
/* 0x34 BIT d, x */ op(direct_x, BIT);
/* 0x35 AND d, x */ op(direct_x, AND);
/* 0x36 ROL d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, ROL);
/* 0x37 AND [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, AND);
/* 0x38 SEC i */ op(implied, SEC);
/* 0x39 AND a, y */ op(absolute_y, AND);
/* 0x3a DEC A */ op(accumulator, DEC);
/* 0x3b TSC i */ op(implied, TSC);
/* 0x3c BIT a, x */ op(absolute_x, BIT);
/* 0x3d AND a, x */ op(absolute_x, AND);
/* 0x3e ROL a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, ROL);
/* 0x3f AND al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, AND);
/* 0x40 RTI s */ op(stack_rti, RTI);
/* 0x41 EOR (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, EOR);
/* 0x42 WDM i */ op(implied, WDM);
/* 0x43 EOR d, s */ op(stack_relative, EOR);
/* 0x44 MVP xyc */ op(block_move, MVP);
/* 0x45 EOR d */ op(direct, EOR);
/* 0x46 LSR d */ op(direct_rmw, LSR);
/* 0x47 EOR [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, EOR);
/* 0x48 PHA s */ op(stack_push, STA);
/* 0x49 EOR # */ op(immediate, EOR);
/* 0x4a LSR A */ op(accumulator, LSR);
/* 0x4b PHK s */ op(stack_push, PHK, AccessMode::Always8Bit);
/* 0x4c JMP a */ op(absolute_jmp, JMP);
/* 0x4d EOR a */ op(absolute, EOR);
/* 0x4e LSR a */ op(absolute_rmw, LSR);
/* 0x4f EOR al */ op(absolute_long, EOR);
/* 0x50 BVC r */ op(relative, BVC);
/* 0x51 EOR (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, EOR);
/* 0x52 EOR (d) */ op(direct_indirect, EOR);
/* 0x53 EOR (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, EOR);
/* 0x54 MVN xyc */ op(block_move, MVN);
/* 0x55 EOR d, x */ op(direct_x, EOR);
/* 0x56 LSR d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, LSR);
/* 0x57 EOR [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, EOR);
/* 0x58 CLI i */ op(implied, CLI);
/* 0x59 EOR a, y */ op(absolute_y, EOR);
/* 0x5a PHY s */ op(stack_push, STY);
/* 0x5b TCD i */ op(implied, TCD);
/* 0x5c JMP al */ op(absolute_long_jmp, JML); // [sic]; this updates PBR so it's JML.
/* 0x5d EOR a, x */ op(absolute_x, EOR);
/* 0x5e LSR a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, LSR);
/* 0x5f EOR al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, EOR);
/* 0x60 RTS s */ op(stack_rts, RTS);
/* 0x61 ADC (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, ADC);
/* 0x62 PER s */ op(stack_per, NOP, AccessMode::Always16Bit);
/* 0x63 ADC d, s */ op(stack_relative, ADC);
/* 0x64 STZ d */ op(direct, STZ);
/* 0x65 ADC d */ op(direct, ADC);
/* 0x66 ROR d */ op(direct_rmw, ROR);
/* 0x67 ADC [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, ADC);
/* 0x68 PLA s */ op(stack_pull, LDA);
/* 0x69 ADC # */ op(immediate, ADC);
/* 0x6a ROR A */ op(accumulator, ROR);
/* 0x6b RTL s */ op(stack_rtl, RTL);
/* 0x6c JMP (a) */ op(absolute_indirect_jmp, JMPind);
/* 0x6d ADC a */ op(absolute, ADC);
/* 0x6e ROR a */ op(absolute_rmw, ROR);
/* 0x6f ADC al */ op(absolute_long, ADC);
/* 0x70 BVS r */ op(relative, BVS);
/* 0x71 ADC (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, ADC);
/* 0x72 ADC (d) */ op(direct_indirect, ADC);
/* 0x73 ADC (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, ADC);
/* 0x74 STZ d, x */ op(direct_x, STZ);
/* 0x75 ADC d, x */ op(direct_x, ADC);
/* 0x76 ROR d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, ROR);
/* 0x77 ADC [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, ADC);
/* 0x78 SEI i */ op(implied, SEI);
/* 0x79 ADC a, y */ op(absolute_y, ADC);
/* 0x7a PLY s */ op(stack_pull, LDY);
/* 0x7b TDC i */ op(implied, TDC);
/* 0x7c JMP (a, x) */ op(absolute_indexed_indirect_jmp, JMPind);
/* 0x7d ADC a, x */ op(absolute_x, ADC);
/* 0x7e ROR a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, ROR);
/* 0x7f ADC al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, ADC);
/* 0x80 BRA r */ op(relative, BRA);
/* 0x81 STA (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, STA);
/* 0x82 BRL rl */ op(relative_long, BRL);
/* 0x83 STA d, s */ op(stack_relative, STA);
/* 0x84 STY d */ op(direct, STY);
/* 0x85 STA d */ op(direct, STA);
/* 0x86 STX d */ op(direct, STX);
/* 0x87 STA [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, STA);
/* 0x88 DEY i */ op(implied, DEY);
/* 0x89 BIT # */ op(immediate, BITimm);
/* 0x8a TXA i */ op(implied, TXA);
/* 0x8b PHB s */ op(stack_push, PHB, AccessMode::Always8Bit);
/* 0x8c STY a */ op(absolute, STY);
/* 0x8d STA a */ op(absolute, STA);
/* 0x8e STX a */ op(absolute, STX);
/* 0x8f STA al */ op(absolute_long, STA);
/* 0x90 BCC r */ op(relative, BCC);
/* 0x91 STA (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, STA);
/* 0x92 STA (d) */ op(direct_indirect, STA);
/* 0x93 STA (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, STA);
/* 0x94 STY d, x */ op(direct_x, STY);
/* 0x95 STA d, x */ op(direct_x, STA);
/* 0x96 STX d, y */ op(direct_y, STX);
/* 0x97 STA [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, STA);
/* 0x98 TYA i */ op(implied, TYA);
/* 0x99 STA a, y */ op(absolute_y, STA);
/* 0x9a TXS i */ op(implied, TXS);
/* 0x9b TXY i */ op(implied, TXY);
/* 0x9c STZ a */ op(absolute, STZ);
/* 0x9d STA a, x */ op(absolute_x, STA);
/* 0x9e STZ a, x */ op(absolute_x, STZ);
/* 0x9f STA al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, STA);
/* 0xa0 LDY # */ op(immediate, LDY);
/* 0xa1 LDA (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, LDA);
/* 0xa2 LDX # */ op(immediate, LDX);
/* 0xa3 LDA d, s */ op(stack_relative, LDA);
/* 0xa4 LDY d */ op(direct, LDY);
/* 0xa5 LDA d */ op(direct, LDA);
/* 0xa6 LDX d */ op(direct, LDX);
/* 0xa7 LDA [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, LDA);
/* 0xa8 TAY i */ op(implied, TAY);
/* 0xa9 LDA # */ op(immediate, LDA);
/* 0xaa TAX i */ op(implied, TAX);
/* 0xab PLB s */ op(stack_pull, PLB, AccessMode::Always8Bit);
/* 0xac LDY a */ op(absolute, LDY);
/* 0xad LDA a */ op(absolute, LDA);
/* 0xae LDX a */ op(absolute, LDX);
/* 0xaf LDA al */ op(absolute_long, LDA);
/* 0xb0 BCS r */ op(relative, BCS);
/* 0xb1 LDA (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, LDA);
/* 0xb2 LDA (d) */ op(direct_indirect, LDA);
/* 0xb3 LDA (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, LDA);
/* 0xb4 LDY d, x */ op(direct_x, LDY);
/* 0xb5 LDA d, x */ op(direct_x, LDA);
/* 0xb6 LDX d, y */ op(direct_y, LDX);
/* 0xb7 LDA [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, LDA);
/* 0xb8 CLV i */ op(implied, CLV);
/* 0xb9 LDA a, y */ op(absolute_y, LDA);
/* 0xba TSX i */ op(implied, TSX);
/* 0xbb TYX i */ op(implied, TYX);
/* 0xbc LDY a, x */ op(absolute_x, LDY);
/* 0xbd LDA a, x */ op(absolute_x, LDA);
/* 0xbe LDX a, y */ op(absolute_y, LDX);
/* 0xbf LDA al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, LDA);
/* 0xc0 CPY # */ op(immediate, CPY);
/* 0xc1 CMP (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, CMP);
/* 0xc2 REP # */ op(immediate_rep_sep, REP);
/* 0xc3 CMP d, s */ op(stack_relative, CMP);
/* 0xc4 CPY d */ op(direct, CPY);
/* 0xc5 CMP d */ op(direct, CMP);
/* 0xc6 DEC d */ op(direct_rmw, DEC);
/* 0xc7 CMP [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, CMP);
/* 0xc8 INY i */ op(implied, INY);
/* 0xc9 CMP # */ op(immediate, CMP);
/* 0xca DEX i */ op(implied, DEX);
/* 0xcb WAI i */ op(stp_wai, WAI);
/* 0xcc CPY a */ op(absolute, CPY);
/* 0xcd CMP a */ op(absolute, CMP);
/* 0xce DEC a */ op(absolute_rmw, DEC);
/* 0xcf CMP al */ op(absolute_long, CMP);
/* 0xd0 BNE r */ op(relative, BNE);
/* 0xd1 CMP (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, CMP);
/* 0xd2 CMP (d) */ op(direct_indirect, CMP);
/* 0xd3 CMP (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, CMP);
/* 0xd4 PEI s */ op(stack_pei, NOP, AccessMode::Always16Bit);
/* 0xd5 CMP d, x */ op(direct_x, CMP);
/* 0xd6 DEC d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, DEC);
/* 0xd7 CMP [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, CMP);
/* 0xd8 CLD i */ op(implied, CLD);
/* 0xd9 CMP a, y */ op(absolute_y, CMP);
/* 0xda PHX s */ op(stack_push, STX);
/* 0xdb STP i */ op(stp_wai, STP);
/* 0xdc JML (a) */ op(absolute_indirect_jml, JML);
/* 0xdd CMP a, x */ op(absolute_x, CMP);
/* 0xde DEC a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, DEC);
/* 0xdf CMP al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, CMP);
/* 0xe0 CPX # */ op(immediate, CPX);
/* 0xe1 SBC (d, x) */ op(direct_indexed_indirect, SBC);
/* 0xe2 SEP # */ op(immediate_rep_sep, SEP);
/* 0xe3 SBC d, s */ op(stack_relative, SBC);
/* 0xe4 CPX d */ op(direct, CPX);
/* 0xe5 SBC d */ op(direct, SBC);
/* 0xe6 INC d */ op(direct_rmw, INC);
/* 0xe7 SBC [d] */ op(direct_indirect_long, SBC);
/* 0xe8 INX i */ op(implied, INX);
/* 0xe9 SBC # */ op(immediate, SBC);
/* 0xea NOP i */ op(implied, NOP);
/* 0xeb XBA i */ op(implied_xba, XBA);
/* 0xec CPX a */ op(absolute, CPX);
/* 0xed SBC a */ op(absolute, SBC);
/* 0xee INC a */ op(absolute_rmw, INC);
/* 0xef SBC al */ op(absolute_long, SBC);
/* 0xf0 BEQ r */ op(relative, BEQ);
/* 0xf1 SBC (d), y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed, SBC);
/* 0xf2 SBC (d) */ op(direct_indirect, SBC);
/* 0xf3 SBC (d, s), y */ op(stack_relative_indexed_indirect, SBC);
/* 0xf4 PEA s */ op(stack_pea, NOP, AccessMode::Always16Bit);
/* 0xf5 SBC d, x */ op(direct_x, SBC);
/* 0xf6 INC d, x */ op(direct_x_rmw, INC);
/* 0xf7 SBC [d], y */ op(direct_indirect_indexed_long, SBC);
/* 0xf8 SED i */ op(implied, SED);
/* 0xf9 SBC a, y */ op(absolute_y, SBC);
/* 0xfa PLX s */ op(stack_pull, LDX);
/* 0xfb XCE i */ op(implied, XCE);
/* 0xfc JSR (a, x) */ op(absolute_indexed_indirect_jsr, JMPind); // [sic]
/* 0xfd SBC a, x */ op(absolute_x, SBC);
/* 0xfe INC a, x */ op(absolute_x_rmw, INC);
/* 0xff SBC al, x */ op(absolute_long_x, SBC);
#undef op
constructor.set_exception_generator(&ProcessorStorageConstructor::stack_exception, &ProcessorStorageConstructor::reset);
constructor.install_fetch_decode_execute();
// Find any OperationMoveToNextProgram.
next_op_ = micro_ops_.data();
while(*next_op_ != OperationMoveToNextProgram) ++next_op_;
// This is primarily to keep tabs, in case I want to pick a shorter form for the instruction table.
assert(micro_ops_.size() < 1024);
}
void ProcessorStorage::set_reset_state() {
registers_.data_bank = 0;
registers_.program_bank = 0;
registers_.direct = 0;
registers_.flags.decimal = 0;
registers_.flags.inverse_interrupt = 0;
set_emulation_mode(true);
}
void ProcessorStorage::set_emulation_mode(bool enabled) {
if(registers_.emulation_flag == enabled) {
return;
}
registers_.emulation_flag = enabled;
if(enabled) {
set_m_x_flags(true, true);
registers_.e_masks[0] = 0xff00;
registers_.e_masks[1] = 0x00ff;
} else {
registers_.e_masks[0] = 0x0000;
registers_.e_masks[1] = 0xffff;
registers_.s.halves.high = 1; // To pretend it was 1 all along; this implementation actually ignores
// the top byte while in emulation mode.
}
}
void ProcessorStorage::set_m_x_flags(bool m, bool x) {
registers_.x_mask = x ? 0x00ff : 0xffff;
registers_.x_shift = x ? 0 : 8;
registers_.x.full &= registers_.x_mask;
registers_.y.full &= registers_.x_mask;
registers_.m_masks[0] = m ? 0xff00 : 0x0000;
registers_.m_masks[1] = m ? 0x00ff : 0xffff;
registers_.m_shift = m ? 0 : 8;
// true/1 => 8bit for both flags.
registers_.mx_flags[0] = m;
registers_.mx_flags[1] = x;
}
uint8_t ProcessorStorage::get_flags() const {
uint8_t result = registers_.flags.get();
if(!registers_.emulation_flag) {
result &= ~(Flag::MemorySize | Flag::IndexSize);
result |= registers_.mx_flags[0] * Flag::MemorySize;
result |= registers_.mx_flags[1] * Flag::IndexSize;
}
return result;
}
void ProcessorStorage::set_flags(uint8_t value) {
registers_.flags.set(value);
if(!registers_.emulation_flag) {
set_m_x_flags(value & Flag::MemorySize, value & Flag::IndexSize);
}
}