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1114 lines
38 KiB
C++
1114 lines
38 KiB
C++
//
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// AppleII.cpp
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// Clock Signal
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//
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// Created by Thomas Harte on 14/04/2018.
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// Copyright 2018 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
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//
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#include "AppleII.hpp"
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#include "../../../Activity/Source.hpp"
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#include "../../MachineTypes.hpp"
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#include "../../Utility/MemoryFuzzer.hpp"
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#include "../../Utility/StringSerialiser.hpp"
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#include "../../../Processors/6502/6502.hpp"
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#include "../../../Components/AudioToggle/AudioToggle.hpp"
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#include "../../../Components/AY38910/AY38910.hpp"
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#include "../../../Outputs/Speaker/Implementation/CompoundSource.hpp"
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#include "../../../Outputs/Speaker/Implementation/LowpassSpeaker.hpp"
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#include "../../../Outputs/Log.hpp"
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#include "AuxiliaryMemorySwitches.hpp"
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#include "Card.hpp"
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#include "DiskIICard.hpp"
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#include "Joystick.hpp"
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#include "LanguageCardSwitches.hpp"
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#include "Mockingboard.hpp"
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#include "SCSICard.hpp"
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#include "Video.hpp"
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#include "../../../Analyser/Static/AppleII/Target.hpp"
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#include "../../../ClockReceiver/ForceInline.hpp"
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#include "../../../Configurable/StandardOptions.hpp"
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#include "../../../Storage/MassStorage/SCSI/SCSI.hpp"
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#include "../../../Storage/MassStorage/SCSI/DirectAccessDevice.hpp"
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#include "../../../Storage/MassStorage/Encodings/MacintoshVolume.hpp"
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <array>
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#include <memory>
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namespace {
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constexpr int DiskIISlot = 6; // Apple recommended slot 6 for the (first) Disk II.
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constexpr int SCSISlot = 7; // Install the SCSI card in slot 7, to one-up any connected Disk II.
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constexpr int MockingboardSlot = 4; // Conventional Mockingboard slot.
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// The system's master clock rate.
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//
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// Quick note on this:
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//
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// * 64 out of 65 CPU cycles last for 14 cycles of the master clock;
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// * every 65th cycle lasts for 16 cycles of the master clock;
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// * that keeps CPU cycles in-phase with the colour subcarrier: each line of output is 64*14 + 16 = 912 master cycles long;
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// * ... and since hsync is placed to make each line 228 colour clocks long that means 4 master clocks per colour clock;
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// * ... which is why all Apple II video modes are expressible as four binary outputs per colour clock;
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// * ... and hence seven pixels per memory access window clock in high-res mode, 14 in double high-res, etc.
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constexpr float master_clock = 14318180.0;
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/// Provides an AY that runs at the CPU rate divided by 4 given an input of the master clock divided by 2,
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/// allowing for stretched CPU clock cycles.
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struct StretchedAYPair:
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Apple::II::AYPair,
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public Outputs::Speaker::BufferSource<StretchedAYPair, true> {
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using AYPair::AYPair;
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template <Outputs::Speaker::Action action>
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void apply_samples(std::size_t number_of_samples, Outputs::Speaker::StereoSample *target) {
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// (1) take 64 windows of 7 input cycles followed by one window of 8 input cycles;
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// (2) after each four windows, advance the underlying AY.
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//
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// i.e. advance after:
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//
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// * 28 cycles, {16 times, then 15 times, then 15 times, then 15 times};
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// * 29 cycles, once.
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//
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// so:
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// 16, 1; 15, 1; 15, 1; 15, 1
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//
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// i.e. add an extra one on the 17th, 33rd, 49th and 65th ticks in a 65-tick loop.
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for(std::size_t c = 0; c < number_of_samples; c++) {
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++subdivider_;
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if(subdivider_ == 28) {
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++phase_;
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subdivider_ = (phase_ & 15) ? 0 : -1;
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if(phase_ == 65) phase_ = 0;
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advance();
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}
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target[c] = level();
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}
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}
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private:
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int phase_ = 0;
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int subdivider_ = 0;
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};
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}
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namespace Apple {
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namespace II {
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template <Analyser::Static::AppleII::Target::Model model, bool has_mockingboard> class ConcreteMachine:
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public Apple::II::Machine,
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public MachineTypes::TimedMachine,
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public MachineTypes::ScanProducer,
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public MachineTypes::AudioProducer,
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public MachineTypes::MediaTarget,
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public MachineTypes::MappedKeyboardMachine,
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public MachineTypes::JoystickMachine,
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public CPU::MOS6502::BusHandler,
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public Configurable::Device,
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public Activity::Source,
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public Apple::II::Card::Delegate {
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private:
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struct VideoBusHandler : public Apple::II::Video::BusHandler {
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public:
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VideoBusHandler(uint8_t *ram, uint8_t *aux_ram) : ram_(ram), aux_ram_(aux_ram) {}
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void perform_read(uint16_t address, size_t count, uint8_t *base_target, uint8_t *auxiliary_target) {
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memcpy(base_target, &ram_[address], count);
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memcpy(auxiliary_target, &aux_ram_[address], count);
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}
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private:
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uint8_t *ram_, *aux_ram_;
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};
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using Processor = CPU::MOS6502::Processor<
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(model == Analyser::Static::AppleII::Target::Model::EnhancedIIe) ? CPU::MOS6502::Personality::PSynertek65C02 : CPU::MOS6502::Personality::P6502,
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ConcreteMachine,
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false>;
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Processor m6502_;
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VideoBusHandler video_bus_handler_;
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Apple::II::Video::Video<VideoBusHandler, is_iie(model)> video_;
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int cycles_into_current_line_ = 0;
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Cycles cycles_since_video_update_;
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void update_video() {
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video_.run_for(cycles_since_video_update_.flush<Cycles>());
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}
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static constexpr int audio_divider = has_mockingboard ? 1 : 8;
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void update_audio() {
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speaker_.run_for(audio_queue_, cycles_since_audio_update_.divide(Cycles(audio_divider)));
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}
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void update_just_in_time_cards() {
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if(cycles_since_card_update_ > Cycles(0)) {
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for(const auto &card : just_in_time_cards_) {
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card->run_for(cycles_since_card_update_, stretched_cycles_since_card_update_);
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}
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}
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cycles_since_card_update_ = 0;
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stretched_cycles_since_card_update_ = 0;
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}
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uint8_t ram_[65536], aux_ram_[65536];
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std::vector<uint8_t> rom_;
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Concurrency::AsyncTaskQueue<false> audio_queue_;
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Audio::Toggle audio_toggle_;
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StretchedAYPair ays_;
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using SourceT =
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std::conditional_t<has_mockingboard, Outputs::Speaker::CompoundSource<StretchedAYPair, Audio::Toggle>, Audio::Toggle>;
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using LowpassT = Outputs::Speaker::PullLowpass<SourceT>;
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Outputs::Speaker::CompoundSource<StretchedAYPair, Audio::Toggle> mixer_;
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Outputs::Speaker::PullLowpass<SourceT> speaker_;
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Cycles cycles_since_audio_update_;
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constexpr SourceT &lowpass_source() {
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if constexpr (has_mockingboard) {
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return mixer_;
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} else {
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return audio_toggle_;
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}
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}
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// MARK: - Cards
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static constexpr size_t NoActiveCard = 7; // There is no 'card 0' in internal numbering.
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size_t active_card_ = NoActiveCard;
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std::array<std::unique_ptr<Apple::II::Card>, 8> cards_; // The final slot is a sentinel for 'no active card'.
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Cycles cycles_since_card_update_;
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std::vector<Apple::II::Card *> every_cycle_cards_;
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std::vector<Apple::II::Card *> just_in_time_cards_;
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int stretched_cycles_since_card_update_ = 0;
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void install_card(std::size_t slot, Apple::II::Card *card) {
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assert(slot >= 1 && slot < 8);
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cards_[slot - 1].reset(card);
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card->set_delegate(this);
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pick_card_messaging_group(card);
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}
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bool is_every_cycle_card(const Apple::II::Card *card) {
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return !card->get_select_constraints();
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}
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bool card_lists_are_dirty_ = true;
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bool card_became_just_in_time_ = false;
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void pick_card_messaging_group(Apple::II::Card *card) {
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// Simplify to a card being either just-in-time or realtime.
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// Don't worry about exactly what it's watching,
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const bool is_every_cycle = is_every_cycle_card(card);
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std::vector<Apple::II::Card *> &intended = is_every_cycle ? every_cycle_cards_ : just_in_time_cards_;
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// If the card is already in the proper group, stop.
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if(std::find(intended.begin(), intended.end(), card) != intended.end()) return;
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// Otherwise, mark the sets as dirty. It isn't safe to transition the card here,
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// as the main loop may be part way through iterating the two lists.
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card_lists_are_dirty_ = true;
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card_became_just_in_time_ |= !is_every_cycle;
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}
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void card_did_change_select_constraints(Apple::II::Card *card) final {
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pick_card_messaging_group(card);
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}
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void card_did_change_interrupt_flags(Apple::II::Card *) final {
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bool nmi = false;
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bool irq = false;
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for(const auto &card: cards_) {
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if(card) {
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nmi |= card->nmi();
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irq |= card->irq();
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}
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}
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m6502_.set_nmi_line(nmi);
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m6502_.set_irq_line(irq);
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}
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Apple::II::Mockingboard *mockingboard() {
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return dynamic_cast<Apple::II::Mockingboard *>(cards_[MockingboardSlot - 1].get());
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}
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Apple::II::DiskIICard *diskii_card() {
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return dynamic_cast<Apple::II::DiskIICard *>(cards_[DiskIISlot - 1].get());
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}
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Apple::II::SCSICard *scsi_card() {
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return dynamic_cast<Apple::II::SCSICard *>(cards_[SCSISlot - 1].get());
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}
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// MARK: - Memory Map.
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/*
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The Apple II's paging mechanisms are byzantine to say the least. Painful is
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another appropriate adjective.
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On a II and II+ there are five distinct zones of memory:
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0000 to c000 : the main block of RAM
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c000 to d000 : the IO area, including card ROMs
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d000 to e000 : the low ROM area, which can alternatively contain either one of two 4kb blocks of RAM with a language card
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e000 onward : the rest of ROM, also potentially replaced with RAM by a language card
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On a IIe with auxiliary memory the following orthogonal changes also need to be factored in:
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0000 to 0200 : can be paged independently of the rest of RAM, other than part of the language card area which pages with it
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0400 to 0800 : the text screen, can be configured to write to auxiliary RAM
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2000 to 4000 : the graphics screen, which can be configured to write to auxiliary RAM
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c100 to d000 : can be used to page an additional 3.75kb of ROM, replacing the IO area
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c300 to c400 : can contain the same 256-byte segment of the ROM as if the whole IO area were switched, but while leaving cards visible in the rest
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c800 to d000 : can contain ROM separately from the region below c800
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If dealt with as individual blocks in the inner loop, that would therefore imply mapping
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an address to one of 13 potential pageable zones. So I've gone reductive and surrendered
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to paging every 6502 page of memory independently. It makes the paging events more expensive,
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but hopefully more clear.
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*/
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const uint8_t *read_pages_[256]; // each is a pointer to the 256-block of memory the CPU should read when accessing that page of memory
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uint8_t *write_pages_[256]; // as per read_pages_, but this is where the CPU should write. If a pointer is nullptr, don't write.
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void page(int start, int end, uint8_t *read, uint8_t *write) {
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for(int position = start; position < end; ++position) {
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read_pages_[position] = read;
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if(read) read += 256;
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write_pages_[position] = write;
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if(write) write += 256;
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}
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}
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// MARK: - The language card, auxiliary memory, and IIe-specific improvements.
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LanguageCardSwitches<ConcreteMachine> language_card_;
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AuxiliaryMemorySwitches<ConcreteMachine> auxiliary_switches_;
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friend LanguageCardSwitches<ConcreteMachine>;
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friend AuxiliaryMemorySwitches<ConcreteMachine>;
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template <int type> void set_paging() {
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if constexpr (bool(type & PagingType::ZeroPage)) {
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if(auxiliary_switches_.zero_state()) {
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write_pages_[0] = aux_ram_;
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} else {
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write_pages_[0] = ram_;
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}
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write_pages_[1] = write_pages_[0] + 256;
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read_pages_[0] = write_pages_[0];
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read_pages_[1] = write_pages_[1];
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}
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if constexpr (bool(type & (PagingType::LanguageCard | PagingType::ZeroPage))) {
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const auto language_state = language_card_.state();
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const auto zero_state = auxiliary_switches_.zero_state();
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uint8_t *const ram = zero_state ? aux_ram_ : ram_;
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uint8_t *const rom = is_iie(model) ? &rom_[3840] : rom_.data();
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// Which way the region here is mapped to be banks 1 and 2 is
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// arbitrary.
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page(0xd0, 0xe0,
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language_state.read ? &ram[language_state.bank2 ? 0xd000 : 0xc000] : rom,
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language_state.write ? nullptr : &ram[language_state.bank2 ? 0xd000 : 0xc000]);
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page(0xe0, 0x100,
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language_state.read ? &ram[0xe000] : &rom[0x1000],
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language_state.write ? nullptr : &ram[0xe000]);
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}
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if constexpr (bool(type & PagingType::CardArea)) {
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const auto state = auxiliary_switches_.card_state();
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page(0xc1, 0xc4, state.region_C1_C3 ? &rom_[0xc100 - 0xc100] : nullptr, nullptr);
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read_pages_[0xc3] = state.region_C3 ? &rom_[0xc300 - 0xc100] : nullptr;
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page(0xc4, 0xc8, state.region_C4_C8 ? &rom_[0xc400 - 0xc100] : nullptr, nullptr);
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page(0xc8, 0xd0, state.region_C8_D0 ? &rom_[0xc800 - 0xc100] : nullptr, nullptr);
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}
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if constexpr (bool(type & PagingType::Main)) {
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const auto state = auxiliary_switches_.main_state();
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page(0x02, 0x04,
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state.base.read ? &aux_ram_[0x0200] : &ram_[0x0200],
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state.base.write ? &aux_ram_[0x0200] : &ram_[0x0200]);
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page(0x08, 0x20,
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state.base.read ? &aux_ram_[0x0800] : &ram_[0x0800],
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state.base.write ? &aux_ram_[0x0800] : &ram_[0x0800]);
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page(0x40, 0xc0,
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state.base.read ? &aux_ram_[0x4000] : &ram_[0x4000],
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state.base.write ? &aux_ram_[0x4000] : &ram_[0x4000]);
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page(0x04, 0x08,
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state.region_04_08.read ? &aux_ram_[0x0400] : &ram_[0x0400],
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state.region_04_08.write ? &aux_ram_[0x0400] : &ram_[0x0400]);
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page(0x20, 0x40,
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state.region_20_40.read ? &aux_ram_[0x2000] : &ram_[0x2000],
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state.region_20_40.write ? &aux_ram_[0x2000] : &ram_[0x2000]);
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}
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}
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// MARK: - Keyboard and typing.
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struct Keyboard: public Inputs::Keyboard {
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Keyboard(Processor &m6502, AuxiliaryMemorySwitches<ConcreteMachine> &switches) : m6502_(m6502), auxiliary_switches_(switches) {}
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void reset_all_keys() final {
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open_apple_is_pressed =
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closed_apple_is_pressed =
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control_is_pressed_ =
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shift_is_pressed_ =
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repeat_is_pressed_ =
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key_is_down_ =
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character_is_pressed_ = false;
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}
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bool set_key_pressed(Key key, char value, bool is_pressed, bool is_repeat) final {
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if constexpr (!is_iie(model)) {
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if(is_repeat && !repeat_is_pressed_) return true;
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}
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// If no ASCII value is supplied, look for a few special cases.
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switch(key) {
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case Key::Left: value = 0x08; break;
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case Key::Right: value = 0x15; break;
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case Key::Down: value = 0x0a; break;
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case Key::Up: value = 0x0b; break;
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case Key::Backspace:
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if(is_iie(model)) {
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value = 0x7f;
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break;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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case Key::Enter: value = 0x0d; break;
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case Key::Tab:
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if (is_iie(model)) {
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value = '\t';
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break;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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case Key::Escape: value = 0x1b; break;
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case Key::Space: value = 0x20; break;
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case Key::LeftOption:
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case Key::RightMeta:
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if (is_iie(model)) {
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open_apple_is_pressed = is_pressed;
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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case Key::RightOption:
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case Key::LeftMeta:
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if (is_iie(model)) {
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closed_apple_is_pressed = is_pressed;
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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case Key::LeftControl:
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control_is_pressed_ = is_pressed;
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return true;
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case Key::LeftShift:
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case Key::RightShift:
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shift_is_pressed_ = is_pressed;
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return true;
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case Key::F1: case Key::F2: case Key::F3: case Key::F4:
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case Key::F5: case Key::F6: case Key::F7: case Key::F8:
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case Key::F9: case Key::F10: case Key::F11:
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repeat_is_pressed_ = is_pressed;
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if constexpr (!is_iie(model)) {
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if(is_pressed && (!is_repeat || character_is_pressed_)) {
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keyboard_input_ = uint8_t(last_pressed_character_ | 0x80);
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}
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}
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return true;
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case Key::F12:
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case Key::PrintScreen:
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case Key::ScrollLock:
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case Key::Pause:
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case Key::Insert:
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case Key::Home:
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case Key::PageUp:
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case Key::PageDown:
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case Key::End:
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// Accept a bunch non-symbolic other keys, as
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// reset, in the hope that the user can find
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// at least one usable key.
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m6502_.set_reset_line(is_pressed);
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if(!is_pressed) {
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auxiliary_switches_.reset();
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}
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return true;
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default:
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if(!value) {
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return false;
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}
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|
|
|
// Prior to the IIe, the keyboard could produce uppercase only.
|
|
if(!is_iie(model)) value = char(toupper(value));
|
|
|
|
if(control_is_pressed_ && isalpha(value)) value &= 0xbf;
|
|
|
|
// TODO: properly map IIe keys
|
|
if(!is_iie(model) && shift_is_pressed_) {
|
|
switch(value) {
|
|
case 0x27: value = 0x22; break; // ' -> "
|
|
case 0x2c: value = 0x3c; break; // , -> <
|
|
case 0x2e: value = 0x3e; break; // . -> >
|
|
case 0x2f: value = 0x3f; break; // / -> ?
|
|
case 0x30: value = 0x29; break; // 0 -> )
|
|
case 0x31: value = 0x21; break; // 1 -> !
|
|
case 0x32: value = 0x40; break; // 2 -> @
|
|
case 0x33: value = 0x23; break; // 3 -> #
|
|
case 0x34: value = 0x24; break; // 4 -> $
|
|
case 0x35: value = 0x25; break; // 5 -> %
|
|
case 0x36: value = 0x5e; break; // 6 -> ^
|
|
case 0x37: value = 0x26; break; // 7 -> &
|
|
case 0x38: value = 0x2a; break; // 8 -> *
|
|
case 0x39: value = 0x28; break; // 9 -> (
|
|
case 0x3b: value = 0x3a; break; // ; -> :
|
|
case 0x3d: value = 0x2b; break; // = -> +
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(is_pressed) {
|
|
last_pressed_character_ = value;
|
|
character_is_pressed_ = true;
|
|
keyboard_input_ = uint8_t(value | 0x80);
|
|
key_is_down_ = true;
|
|
} else {
|
|
if(value == last_pressed_character_) {
|
|
character_is_pressed_ = false;
|
|
}
|
|
if((keyboard_input_ & 0x3f) == value) {
|
|
key_is_down_ = false;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
uint8_t get_keyboard_input() {
|
|
if(string_serialiser_) {
|
|
return string_serialiser_->head() | 0x80;
|
|
} else {
|
|
return keyboard_input_;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void clear_keyboard_input() {
|
|
keyboard_input_ &= 0x7f;
|
|
if(string_serialiser_ && !string_serialiser_->advance()) {
|
|
string_serialiser_.reset();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool get_key_is_down() {
|
|
return key_is_down_;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void set_string_serialiser(std::unique_ptr<Utility::StringSerialiser> &&serialiser) {
|
|
string_serialiser_ = std::move(serialiser);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// The IIe has three keys that are wired directly to the same input as the joystick buttons.
|
|
bool open_apple_is_pressed = false;
|
|
bool closed_apple_is_pressed = false;
|
|
|
|
private:
|
|
// Current keyboard input register, as exposed to the programmer; on the IIe the programmer
|
|
// can also poll for whether any key is currently down.
|
|
uint8_t keyboard_input_ = 0x00;
|
|
bool key_is_down_ = false;
|
|
|
|
// ASCII input state, referenced by the REPT key on models before the IIe.
|
|
char last_pressed_character_ = 0;
|
|
bool character_is_pressed_ = false;
|
|
|
|
// The repeat key itself.
|
|
bool repeat_is_pressed_ = false;
|
|
|
|
// Modifier states.
|
|
bool shift_is_pressed_ = false;
|
|
bool control_is_pressed_ = false;
|
|
|
|
// A string serialiser for receiving copy and paste.
|
|
std::unique_ptr<Utility::StringSerialiser> string_serialiser_;
|
|
|
|
// 6502 connection, for applying the reset button.
|
|
Processor &m6502_;
|
|
AuxiliaryMemorySwitches<ConcreteMachine> &auxiliary_switches_;
|
|
};
|
|
Keyboard keyboard_;
|
|
|
|
// MARK: - Joysticks.
|
|
JoystickPair joysticks_;
|
|
|
|
public:
|
|
ConcreteMachine(const Analyser::Static::AppleII::Target &target, const ROMMachine::ROMFetcher &rom_fetcher):
|
|
m6502_(*this),
|
|
video_bus_handler_(ram_, aux_ram_),
|
|
video_(video_bus_handler_),
|
|
audio_toggle_(audio_queue_),
|
|
ays_(audio_queue_),
|
|
mixer_(ays_, audio_toggle_),
|
|
speaker_(lowpass_source()),
|
|
language_card_(*this),
|
|
auxiliary_switches_(*this),
|
|
keyboard_(m6502_, auxiliary_switches_) {
|
|
|
|
// This is where things get slightly convoluted: establish the machine as having a clock rate
|
|
// equal to the number of cycles of work the 6502 will actually achieve. Which is less than
|
|
// the master clock rate divided by 14 because every 65th cycle is extended by one seventh.
|
|
set_clock_rate((master_clock / 14.0) * 65.0 / (65.0 + 1.0 / 7.0));
|
|
|
|
// The speaker, however, should think it is clocked at half the master clock, per a general
|
|
// decision to sample it at seven times the CPU clock (plus stretches).
|
|
speaker_.set_input_rate(float(master_clock / (2.0 * float(audio_divider))));
|
|
|
|
// Apply a 6Khz low-pass filter. This was picked by ear and by an attempt to understand the
|
|
// Apple II schematic but, well, I don't claim much insight on the latter. This is definitely
|
|
// something to review in the future.
|
|
speaker_.set_high_frequency_cutoff(6000);
|
|
|
|
// Also, start with randomised memory contents.
|
|
Memory::Fuzz(ram_, sizeof(ram_));
|
|
Memory::Fuzz(aux_ram_, sizeof(aux_ram_));
|
|
|
|
// Pick the required ROMs.
|
|
using Target = Analyser::Static::AppleII::Target;
|
|
ROM::Name character, system;
|
|
|
|
switch(target.model) {
|
|
default:
|
|
character = ROM::Name::AppleIICharacter;
|
|
system = ROM::Name::AppleIIOriginal;
|
|
break;
|
|
case Target::Model::IIplus:
|
|
character = ROM::Name::AppleIICharacter;
|
|
system = ROM::Name::AppleIIPlus;
|
|
break;
|
|
case Target::Model::IIe:
|
|
character = ROM::Name::AppleIIeCharacter;
|
|
system = ROM::Name::AppleIIe;
|
|
break;
|
|
case Target::Model::EnhancedIIe:
|
|
character = ROM::Name::AppleIIEnhancedECharacter;
|
|
system = ROM::Name::AppleIIEnhancedE;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ROM::Request request = ROM::Request(character) && ROM::Request(system);
|
|
|
|
// Add the necessary Disk II requests if appropriate.
|
|
const bool has_disk_controller = target.disk_controller != Target::DiskController::None;
|
|
const bool is_sixteen_sector = target.disk_controller == Target::DiskController::SixteenSector;
|
|
if(has_disk_controller) {
|
|
request = request && DiskIICard::rom_request(is_sixteen_sector);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Add a SCSI card if requested.
|
|
const bool has_scsi_card = target.scsi_controller == Target::SCSIController::AppleSCSI;
|
|
if(has_scsi_card) {
|
|
request = request && SCSICard::rom_request();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Request, validate and install ROMs.
|
|
auto roms = rom_fetcher(request);
|
|
if(!request.validate(roms)) {
|
|
throw ROMMachine::Error::MissingROMs;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(has_disk_controller) {
|
|
install_card(DiskIISlot, new Apple::II::DiskIICard(roms, is_sixteen_sector));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(has_scsi_card) {
|
|
// Rounding the clock rate slightly shouldn't matter, but:
|
|
// TODO: be [slightly] more honest about clock rate.
|
|
install_card(SCSISlot, new Apple::II::SCSICard(roms, int(master_clock / 14.0f)));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(target.has_mockingboard) {
|
|
// The Mockingboard has a parasitic relationship with this class due to the way
|
|
// that audio outputs are implemented in this emulator.
|
|
install_card(MockingboardSlot, new Apple::II::Mockingboard(ays_));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
rom_ = std::move(roms.find(system)->second);
|
|
// The IIe and Enhanced IIe ROMs often distributed are oversized; trim if necessary.
|
|
if(system == ROM::Name::AppleIIe || system == ROM::Name::AppleIIEnhancedE) {
|
|
if(rom_.size() > 16128) {
|
|
rom_.erase(rom_.begin(), rom_.end() - 16128);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
video_.set_character_rom(roms.find(character)->second);
|
|
|
|
// Set up the default memory blocks. On a II or II+ these values will never change.
|
|
// On a IIe they'll be affected by selection of auxiliary RAM.
|
|
set_paging<PagingType::Main | PagingType::ZeroPage>();
|
|
|
|
// Set the whole card area to initially backed by nothing.
|
|
page(0xc0, 0xd0, nullptr, nullptr);
|
|
|
|
insert_media(target.media);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
~ConcreteMachine() {
|
|
audio_queue_.flush();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void set_scan_target(Outputs::Display::ScanTarget *scan_target) final {
|
|
video_.set_scan_target(scan_target);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Outputs::Display::ScanStatus get_scaled_scan_status() const final {
|
|
return video_.get_scaled_scan_status();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/// Sets the type of display.
|
|
void set_display_type(Outputs::Display::DisplayType display_type) final {
|
|
video_.set_display_type(display_type);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Outputs::Display::DisplayType get_display_type() const final {
|
|
return video_.get_display_type();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Outputs::Speaker::Speaker *get_speaker() final {
|
|
return &speaker_;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
forceinline Cycles perform_bus_operation(const CPU::MOS6502::BusOperation operation, const uint16_t address, uint8_t *const value) {
|
|
++ cycles_since_video_update_;
|
|
++ cycles_since_card_update_;
|
|
cycles_since_audio_update_ += Cycles(7);
|
|
|
|
// The Apple II has a slightly weird timing pattern: every 65th CPU cycle is stretched
|
|
// by an extra 1/7th. That's because one cycle lasts 3.5 NTSC colour clocks, so after
|
|
// 65 cycles a full line of 227.5 colour clocks have passed. But the high-rate binary
|
|
// signal approximation that produces colour needs to be in phase, so a stretch of exactly
|
|
// 0.5 further colour cycles is added. The video class handles that implicitly, but it
|
|
// needs to be accumulated here for the audio.
|
|
cycles_into_current_line_ = (cycles_into_current_line_ + 1) % 65;
|
|
const bool is_stretched_cycle = !cycles_into_current_line_;
|
|
if(is_stretched_cycle) {
|
|
++ cycles_since_audio_update_;
|
|
++ stretched_cycles_since_card_update_;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool has_updated_cards = false;
|
|
if(read_pages_[address >> 8]) {
|
|
if(isReadOperation(operation)) *value = read_pages_[address >> 8][address & 0xff];
|
|
else {
|
|
if(address >= 0x200 && address < 0x6000) update_video();
|
|
if(write_pages_[address >> 8]) write_pages_[address >> 8][address & 0xff] = *value;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(is_iie(model)) {
|
|
auxiliary_switches_.access(address, isReadOperation(operation));
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
// Assume a vapour read unless it turns out otherwise; this is a little
|
|
// wasteful but works for now.
|
|
//
|
|
// Longer version: like many other machines, when the Apple II reads from
|
|
// an address at which no hardware loads the data bus, through a process of
|
|
// practical analogue effects it'll end up receiving whatever was last on
|
|
// the bus. Which will always be whatever the video circuit fetched because
|
|
// that fetches in between every instruction.
|
|
//
|
|
// So this code assumes that'll happen unless it later determines that it
|
|
// doesn't. The call into the video isn't free because it's a just-in-time
|
|
// actor, but this will actually be the result most of the time so it's not
|
|
// too terrible.
|
|
if(isReadOperation(operation) && address != 0xc000) {
|
|
// Ensure any enqueued video changes are applied before grabbing the
|
|
// vapour value.
|
|
if(video_.has_deferred_actions()) {
|
|
update_video();
|
|
}
|
|
*value = video_.get_last_read_value(cycles_since_video_update_);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
switch(address) {
|
|
default:
|
|
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
|
|
// Read-only switches.
|
|
switch(address) {
|
|
default: break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc000:
|
|
*value = keyboard_.get_keyboard_input();
|
|
break;
|
|
case 0xc001: case 0xc002: case 0xc003: case 0xc004: case 0xc005: case 0xc006: case 0xc007:
|
|
case 0xc008: case 0xc009: case 0xc00a: case 0xc00b: case 0xc00c: case 0xc00d: case 0xc00e: case 0xc00f:
|
|
*value = (*value & 0x80) | (keyboard_.get_keyboard_input() & 0x7f);
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc061: // Switch input 0.
|
|
*value &= 0x7f;
|
|
if(
|
|
joysticks_.button(0) ||
|
|
(is_iie(model) && keyboard_.open_apple_is_pressed)
|
|
)
|
|
*value |= 0x80;
|
|
break;
|
|
case 0xc062: // Switch input 1.
|
|
*value &= 0x7f;
|
|
if(
|
|
joysticks_.button(1) ||
|
|
(is_iie(model) && keyboard_.closed_apple_is_pressed)
|
|
)
|
|
*value |= 0x80;
|
|
break;
|
|
case 0xc063: // Switch input 2.
|
|
*value &= 0x7f;
|
|
if(joysticks_.button(2))
|
|
*value |= 0x80;
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc064: // Analogue input 0.
|
|
case 0xc065: // Analogue input 1.
|
|
case 0xc066: // Analogue input 2.
|
|
case 0xc067: { // Analogue input 3.
|
|
const size_t input = address - 0xc064;
|
|
*value &= 0x7f;
|
|
if(!joysticks_.analogue_channel_is_discharged(input)) {
|
|
*value |= 0x80;
|
|
}
|
|
} break;
|
|
|
|
// The IIe-only state reads follow...
|
|
#define IIeSwitchRead(s) *value = keyboard_.get_keyboard_input(); if(is_iie(model)) *value = (*value & 0x7f) | (s ? 0x80 : 0x00);
|
|
case 0xc011: IIeSwitchRead(language_card_.state().bank2); break;
|
|
case 0xc012: IIeSwitchRead(language_card_.state().read); break;
|
|
case 0xc013: IIeSwitchRead(auxiliary_switches_.switches().read_auxiliary_memory); break;
|
|
case 0xc014: IIeSwitchRead(auxiliary_switches_.switches().write_auxiliary_memory); break;
|
|
case 0xc015: IIeSwitchRead(auxiliary_switches_.switches().internal_CX_rom); break;
|
|
case 0xc016: IIeSwitchRead(auxiliary_switches_.switches().alternative_zero_page); break;
|
|
case 0xc017: IIeSwitchRead(auxiliary_switches_.switches().slot_C3_rom); break;
|
|
case 0xc018: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_80_store()); break;
|
|
case 0xc019: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_is_vertical_blank(cycles_since_video_update_)); break;
|
|
case 0xc01a: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_text()); break;
|
|
case 0xc01b: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_mixed()); break;
|
|
case 0xc01c: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_page2()); break;
|
|
case 0xc01d: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_high_resolution()); break;
|
|
case 0xc01e: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_alternative_character_set()); break;
|
|
case 0xc01f: IIeSwitchRead(video_.get_80_columns()); break;
|
|
#undef IIeSwitchRead
|
|
|
|
case 0xc07f:
|
|
if(is_iie(model)) *value = (*value & 0x7f) | (video_.get_annunciator_3() ? 0x80 : 0x00);
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
// Write-only switches. All IIe as currently implemented.
|
|
if(is_iie(model)) {
|
|
auxiliary_switches_.access(address, false);
|
|
switch(address) {
|
|
default: break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc000:
|
|
case 0xc001:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_80_store(address&1);
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc00c:
|
|
case 0xc00d:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_80_columns(address&1);
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc00e:
|
|
case 0xc00f:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_alternative_character_set(address&1);
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc070: joysticks_.access_c070(); break;
|
|
|
|
/* Switches triggered by reading or writing. */
|
|
case 0xc050:
|
|
case 0xc051:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_text(address&1);
|
|
break;
|
|
case 0xc052: update_video(); video_.set_mixed(false); break;
|
|
case 0xc053: update_video(); video_.set_mixed(true); break;
|
|
case 0xc054:
|
|
case 0xc055:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_page2(address&1);
|
|
auxiliary_switches_.access(address, isReadOperation(operation));
|
|
break;
|
|
case 0xc056:
|
|
case 0xc057:
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_high_resolution(address&1);
|
|
auxiliary_switches_.access(address, isReadOperation(operation));
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc05e:
|
|
case 0xc05f:
|
|
if(is_iie(model)) {
|
|
update_video();
|
|
video_.set_annunciator_3(!(address&1));
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc010:
|
|
keyboard_.clear_keyboard_input();
|
|
|
|
// On the IIe, reading C010 returns additional key info.
|
|
if(is_iie(model) && isReadOperation(operation)) {
|
|
*value = (keyboard_.get_key_is_down() ? 0x80 : 0x00) | (keyboard_.get_keyboard_input() & 0x7f);
|
|
}
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc030: case 0xc031: case 0xc032: case 0xc033: case 0xc034: case 0xc035: case 0xc036: case 0xc037:
|
|
case 0xc038: case 0xc039: case 0xc03a: case 0xc03b: case 0xc03c: case 0xc03d: case 0xc03e: case 0xc03f:
|
|
update_audio();
|
|
audio_toggle_.set_output(!audio_toggle_.get_output());
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
case 0xc080: case 0xc084: case 0xc088: case 0xc08c:
|
|
case 0xc081: case 0xc085: case 0xc089: case 0xc08d:
|
|
case 0xc082: case 0xc086: case 0xc08a: case 0xc08e:
|
|
case 0xc083: case 0xc087: case 0xc08b: case 0xc08f:
|
|
language_card_.access(address, isReadOperation(operation));
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
Communication with cards follows.
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
if(!read_pages_[address >> 8] && address >= 0xc090 && address < 0xd000) {
|
|
// If this is a card access, figure out which card is at play before determining
|
|
// the totality of who needs messaging.
|
|
size_t card_number = 0;
|
|
Apple::II::Card::Select select = Apple::II::Card::None;
|
|
|
|
if(address >= 0xc800) {
|
|
/*
|
|
Decode the 2kb area used for additional ROMs.
|
|
This is shared by all cards.
|
|
*/
|
|
card_number = active_card_;
|
|
select = Apple::II::Card::C8Region;
|
|
|
|
// An access to $cfff will disable the active card.
|
|
if(address == 0xcfff) {
|
|
active_card_ = NoActiveCard;
|
|
}
|
|
} else if(address >= 0xc100) {
|
|
/*
|
|
Decode the area conventionally used by cards for ROMs:
|
|
0xCn00 to 0xCnff: card n.
|
|
|
|
This also sets the active card for the C8 region.
|
|
*/
|
|
active_card_ = card_number = (address - 0xc100) >> 8;
|
|
select = Apple::II::Card::IO;
|
|
} else {
|
|
/*
|
|
Decode the area conventionally used by cards for registers:
|
|
C0n0 to C0nF: card n - 8.
|
|
*/
|
|
card_number = (address - 0xc090) >> 4;
|
|
select = Apple::II::Card::Device;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// If the selected card is a just-in-time card, update the just-in-time cards,
|
|
// and then message it specifically.
|
|
const bool is_read = isReadOperation(operation);
|
|
Apple::II::Card *const target = cards_[size_t(card_number)].get();
|
|
if(target && !is_every_cycle_card(target)) {
|
|
update_just_in_time_cards();
|
|
target->perform_bus_operation(select, is_read, address, value);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Update all the every-cycle cards regardless, but send them a ::None select if they're
|
|
// not the one actually selected.
|
|
for(const auto &card: every_cycle_cards_) {
|
|
card->run_for(Cycles(1), is_stretched_cycle);
|
|
card->perform_bus_operation(
|
|
(card == target) ? select : Apple::II::Card::None,
|
|
is_read, address, value);
|
|
}
|
|
has_updated_cards = true;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(!has_updated_cards && !every_cycle_cards_.empty()) {
|
|
// Update all every-cycle cards and give them the cycle.
|
|
const bool is_read = isReadOperation(operation);
|
|
for(const auto &card: every_cycle_cards_) {
|
|
card->run_for(Cycles(1), is_stretched_cycle);
|
|
card->perform_bus_operation(Apple::II::Card::None, is_read, address, value);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Update the card lists if any mutations are due.
|
|
if(card_lists_are_dirty_) {
|
|
card_lists_are_dirty_ = false;
|
|
|
|
// There's only one counter of time since update
|
|
// for just-in-time cards. If something new is
|
|
// transitioning, that needs to be zeroed.
|
|
if(card_became_just_in_time_) {
|
|
card_became_just_in_time_ = false;
|
|
update_just_in_time_cards();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Clear the two lists and repopulate.
|
|
every_cycle_cards_.clear();
|
|
just_in_time_cards_.clear();
|
|
for(const auto &card: cards_) {
|
|
if(!card) continue;
|
|
if(is_every_cycle_card(card.get())) {
|
|
every_cycle_cards_.push_back(card.get());
|
|
} else {
|
|
just_in_time_cards_.push_back(card.get());
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Update analogue charge level.
|
|
joysticks_.update_charge();
|
|
|
|
return Cycles(1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void flush_output(int outputs) final {
|
|
update_just_in_time_cards();
|
|
|
|
if(outputs & Output::Video) {
|
|
update_video();
|
|
}
|
|
if(outputs & Output::Audio) {
|
|
update_audio();
|
|
audio_queue_.perform();
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void run_for(const Cycles cycles) final {
|
|
m6502_.run_for(cycles);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool prefers_logical_input() final {
|
|
return is_iie(model);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Inputs::Keyboard &get_keyboard() final {
|
|
return keyboard_;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void type_string(const std::string &string) final {
|
|
keyboard_.set_string_serialiser(std::make_unique<Utility::StringSerialiser>(string, true));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool can_type(char c) const final {
|
|
// Make an effort to type the entire printable ASCII range.
|
|
return c >= 32 && c < 127;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// MARK:: Configuration options.
|
|
std::unique_ptr<Reflection::Struct> get_options() final {
|
|
auto options = std::make_unique<Options>(Configurable::OptionsType::UserFriendly);
|
|
options->output = get_video_signal_configurable();
|
|
options->use_square_pixels = video_.get_use_square_pixels();
|
|
return options;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void set_options(const std::unique_ptr<Reflection::Struct> &str) {
|
|
const auto options = dynamic_cast<Options *>(str.get());
|
|
set_video_signal_configurable(options->output);
|
|
video_.set_use_square_pixels(options->use_square_pixels);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// MARK: MediaTarget
|
|
bool insert_media(const Analyser::Static::Media &media) final {
|
|
if(!media.disks.empty()) {
|
|
auto diskii = diskii_card();
|
|
if(diskii) diskii->set_disk(media.disks[0], 0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if(!media.mass_storage_devices.empty()) {
|
|
auto scsi = scsi_card();
|
|
if(scsi) scsi->set_storage_device(media.mass_storage_devices[0]);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// MARK: Activity::Source
|
|
void set_activity_observer(Activity::Observer *observer) final {
|
|
for(const auto &card: cards_) {
|
|
if(card) card->set_activity_observer(observer);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// MARK: JoystickMachine
|
|
const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Inputs::Joystick>> &get_joysticks() final {
|
|
return joysticks_.get_joysticks();
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
using namespace Apple::II;
|
|
|
|
std::unique_ptr<Machine> Machine::AppleII(const Analyser::Static::Target *target, const ROMMachine::ROMFetcher &rom_fetcher) {
|
|
using Target = Analyser::Static::AppleII::Target;
|
|
const Target *const appleii_target = dynamic_cast<const Target *>(target);
|
|
|
|
if(appleii_target->has_mockingboard) {
|
|
switch(appleii_target->model) {
|
|
default: return nullptr;
|
|
case Target::Model::II: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::II, true>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::IIplus: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::IIplus, true>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::IIe: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::IIe, true>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::EnhancedIIe: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::EnhancedIIe, true>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
switch(appleii_target->model) {
|
|
default: return nullptr;
|
|
case Target::Model::II: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::II, false>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::IIplus: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::IIplus, false>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::IIe: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::IIe, false>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
case Target::Model::EnhancedIIe: return std::make_unique<ConcreteMachine<Target::Model::EnhancedIIe, false>>(*appleii_target, rom_fetcher);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|