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CLK/Machines/Atari2600/Atari2600.cpp

695 lines
22 KiB
C++

//
// Atari2600.cpp
// CLK
//
// Created by Thomas Harte on 14/07/2015.
// Copyright © 2015 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
//
#include "Atari2600.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace Atari2600;
namespace {
static const unsigned int horizontalTimerPeriod = 228;
}
Machine::Machine() :
_horizontalTimer(0),
_lastOutputStateDuration(0),
_lastOutputState(OutputState::Sync),
_piaTimerStatus(0xff),
_rom(nullptr),
_piaDataValue{0xff, 0xff},
_tiaInputValue{0xff, 0xff},
_upcomingEventsPointer(0)
{
memset(_collisions, 0xff, sizeof(_collisions));
set_reset_line(true);
}
void Machine::setup_output(float aspect_ratio)
{
_crt = new Outputs::CRT::CRT(228, 1, 263, Outputs::CRT::ColourSpace::YIQ, 228, 1, 1);
// this is the NTSC phase offset function; see below for PAL
_crt->set_composite_sampling_function(
"float composite_sample(usampler2D texID, vec2 coordinate, vec2 iCoordinate, float phase, float amplitude)"
"{"
"uint c = texture(texID, coordinate).r;"
"uint y = c & 14u;"
"uint iPhase = (c >> 4);"
"float phaseOffset = 6.283185308 * float(iPhase - 1u) / 13.0;"
"return (float(y) / 14.0) * (1.0 - amplitude) + step(1, iPhase) * amplitude * cos(phase + phaseOffset);"
"}");
_crt->set_output_device(Outputs::CRT::Television);
}
void Machine::switch_region()
{
// the PAL function
_crt->set_composite_sampling_function(
"float composite_sample(usampler2D texID, vec2 coordinate, vec2 iCoordinate, float phase, float amplitude)"
"{"
"uint c = texture(texID, coordinate).r;"
"uint y = c & 14u;"
"uint iPhase = (c >> 4);"
"uint direction = iPhase & 1u;"
"float phaseOffset = float(7u - direction) + (float(direction) - 0.5) * 2.0 * float(iPhase >> 1);"
"phaseOffset *= 6.283185308 / 12.0;"
"return (float(y) / 14.0) * (1.0 - amplitude) + step(4, (iPhase + 2u) & 15u) * amplitude * cos(phase + phaseOffset);"
"}");
_crt->set_new_timing(228, 312, Outputs::CRT::ColourSpace::YUV, 228, 1);
}
void Machine::close_output()
{
delete _crt;
_crt = nullptr;
}
Machine::~Machine()
{
delete[] _rom;
close_output();
}
void Machine::update_upcoming_events()
{
unsigned int upcomingEventsPointerPlus4 = (_upcomingEventsPointer + 4)%number_of_upcoming_events;
// grab the background now, for display in four clocks
if(!(_horizontalTimer&3))
{
unsigned int offset = 4 + _horizontalTimer - (horizontalTimerPeriod - 160);
_upcomingEvents[upcomingEventsPointerPlus4].updates |= Event::Action::Playfield;
_upcomingEvents[upcomingEventsPointerPlus4].playfieldOutput = _playfield[(offset >> 2)%40];
}
// the ball becomes visible whenever it hits zero, regardless of whether its status
// is the result of a counter rollover or a programmatic reset
if(!_objectCounter[4])
{
_upcomingEvents[upcomingEventsPointerPlus4].updates |= Event::Action::ResetPixelCounter;
_upcomingEvents[upcomingEventsPointerPlus4].pixelCounterMask |= (1 << 4);
}
_objectCounter[4] = (_objectCounter[4] + 1)%160;
// check for player and missle triggers
unsigned int upcomingEventsPointerPlus5 = (_upcomingEventsPointer + 5)%number_of_upcoming_events;
unsigned int upcomingEventsPointerPlus6 = (_upcomingEventsPointer + 6)%number_of_upcoming_events;
for(int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
{
// the players and missles become visible only upon overflow to zero, so schedule for
// 5/6 clocks ahead from 159
if(_objectCounter[c] == 159)
{
unsigned int actionSlot = (c < 2) ? upcomingEventsPointerPlus6 : upcomingEventsPointerPlus5;
_upcomingEvents[actionSlot].updates |= Event::Action::ResetPixelCounter;
_upcomingEvents[actionSlot].pixelCounterMask |= (1 << c);
}
else
{
// otherwise visibility is determined by an appropriate repeat mask and hitting any of 12, 28 or 60,
// in which case the counter reset (and hence the start of drawing) will occur in 4/5 cycles
uint8_t repeatMask = _playerAndMissileSize[c&1] & 7;
if(
( _objectCounter[c] == 12 && ((repeatMask == 1) || (repeatMask == 3)) ) ||
( _objectCounter[c] == 28 && ((repeatMask == 2) || (repeatMask == 3) || (repeatMask == 6)) ) ||
( _objectCounter[c] == 60 && ((repeatMask == 4) || (repeatMask == 6)) )
)
{
unsigned int actionSlot = (c < 2) ? upcomingEventsPointerPlus5 : upcomingEventsPointerPlus4;
_upcomingEvents[actionSlot].updates |= Event::Action::ResetPixelCounter;
_upcomingEvents[actionSlot].pixelCounterMask |= (1 << c);
}
}
_objectCounter[c] = (_objectCounter[c] + 1)%160;
}
}
uint8_t Machine::get_output_pixel()
{
unsigned int offset = _horizontalTimer - (horizontalTimerPeriod - 160);
// get the playfield pixel and hence a proposed colour
uint8_t playfieldColour = ((_playfieldControl&6) == 2) ? _playerColour[offset / 80] : _playfieldColour;
// get the ball proposed state
uint8_t ballPixel = 0;
if(_ballGraphicsEnable&2) {
int ballSize = 1 << ((_playfieldControl >> 4)&3);
ballPixel = (_pixelCounter[4] < ballSize) ? 1 : 0;
}
_pixelCounter[4] ++;
// deal with the sprites
uint8_t playerPixels[2] = {0, 0}, missilePixels[2] = {0, 0};
for(int c = 0; c < 2; c++)
{
if(_playerGraphics[c]) {
// figure out player colour
int flipMask = (_playerReflection[c]&0x8) ? 0 : 7;
if(_pixelCounter[c] < 32)
playerPixels[c] = (_playerGraphics[c] >> ((_pixelCounter[c] >> 2) ^ flipMask)) &1;
}
if((_missileGraphicsEnable[c]&2) && !(_missileGraphicsReset[c]&2)) {
int missileSize = 1 << ((_playerAndMissileSize[c] >> 4)&3);
missilePixels[c] = ((_pixelCounter[c+2] >> 2) < missileSize) ? 1 : 0;
}
uint8_t repeatMask = _playerAndMissileSize[c] & 7;
switch(repeatMask)
{
default:
_pixelCounter[c]+=4;
_pixelCounter[c+2]+=4;
break;
case 5:
_pixelCounter[c] += 2;
_pixelCounter[c+2] += 2;
break;
case 7:
_pixelCounter[c] += 1;
_pixelCounter[c+2] += 1;
break;
}
}
// accumulate collisions
/* if(playerPixels[0] | playerPixels[1]) {
_collisions[0] |= ((missilePixels[0] & playerPixels[1]) << 7) | ((missilePixels[0] & playerPixels[0]) << 6);
_collisions[1] |= ((missilePixels[1] & playerPixels[0]) << 7) | ((missilePixels[1] & playerPixels[1]) << 6);
_collisions[2] |= ((playfieldPixel & playerPixels[0]) << 7) | ((ballPixel & playerPixels[0]) << 6);
_collisions[3] |= ((playfieldPixel & playerPixels[1]) << 7) | ((ballPixel & playerPixels[1]) << 6);
_collisions[7] |= ((playerPixels[0] & playerPixels[1]) << 7);
}
if(playfieldPixel | ballPixel) {
_collisions[4] |= ((playfieldPixel & missilePixels[0]) << 7) | ((ballPixel & missilePixels[0]) << 6);
_collisions[5] |= ((playfieldPixel & missilePixels[1]) << 7) | ((ballPixel & missilePixels[1]) << 6);
_collisions[6] |= ((playfieldPixel & ballPixel) << 7);
}
if(missilePixels[0] & missilePixels[1])
_collisions[7] |= (1 << 6);*/
// apply appropriate priority to pick a colour
uint8_t playfieldPixel = _playfieldOutput | ballPixel;
uint8_t outputColour = playfieldPixel ? playfieldColour : _backgroundColour;
if(!(_playfieldControl&0x04) || !playfieldPixel) {
if(playerPixels[1] || missilePixels[1]) outputColour = _playerColour[1];
if(playerPixels[0] || missilePixels[0]) outputColour = _playerColour[0];
}
// return colour
return outputColour;
}
// in imputing the knowledge that all we're dealing with is the rollover from 159 to 0,
// this is faster than the straightforward +1)%160 per profiling
//#define increment_object_counter(c) _objectCounter[c] = (_objectCounter[c]+1)&~((158-_objectCounter[c]) >> 8)
void Machine::output_pixels(unsigned int count)
{
while(count--)
{
OutputState state;
// determine which output state will be active in four cycles from now
switch(_horizontalTimer >> 2)
{
case 56: case 0: case 1: case 2: state = OutputState::Blank; break;
case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: state = OutputState::Sync; break;
case 7: case 8: case 9: case 10: state = OutputState::ColourBurst; break;
case 11: case 12: case 13:
case 14: case 15: state = OutputState::Blank; break;
case 16: case 17: state = _vBlankExtend ? OutputState::Blank : OutputState::Pixel; break;
default: state = OutputState::Pixel; break;
}
// if vsync is enabled, output the opposite of the automatic hsync output
if(_vSyncEnabled) {
state = (state = OutputState::Sync) ? OutputState::Blank : OutputState::Sync;
}
// write that state as the one that will become effective in four clocks
_upcomingEvents[(_upcomingEventsPointer+4)%number_of_upcoming_events].state = state;
// grab background colour and schedule pixel counter resets
if(state == OutputState::Pixel)
update_upcoming_events();
// apply any queued changes and flush the record
if(_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].updates & Event::Action::Playfield)
_playfieldOutput = _upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].playfieldOutput;
if(_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].updates & Event::Action::ResetPixelCounter)
{
for(int c = 0; c < 5; c++)
{
if(_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].pixelCounterMask & (1 << c))
_pixelCounter[c] = 0;
}
_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].pixelCounterMask = 0;
}
if(_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].updates & Event::Action::HMoveCompare)
{
for(int c = 0; c < 5; c++)
{
if((_objectMotion[c]^8^_hMoveCounter) == 0xf)
{
_hMoveFlags &= ~(1 << c);
}
}
if(_hMoveFlags)
{
if(_hMoveCounter) _hMoveCounter--;
_upcomingEvents[(_upcomingEventsPointer+4)%number_of_upcoming_events].updates |= Event::Action::HMoveCompare;
_upcomingEvents[(_upcomingEventsPointer+2)%number_of_upcoming_events].updates |= Event::Action::HMoveDecrement;
}
}
if(_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].updates & Event::Action::HMoveDecrement)
{
for(int c = 0; c < 5; c++)
{
if(_hMoveFlags & (1 << c))
{
_objectCounter[c] = (_objectCounter[c] + 1)%160;
_pixelCounter[c] ++; // TODO: this isn't always a straight increment
}
}
}
_upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].updates = 0;
// read that state
state = _upcomingEvents[_upcomingEventsPointer].state;
OutputState actingState = state;
// honour the vertical blank flag
if(_vBlankEnabled && state == OutputState::Pixel) {
actingState = OutputState::Blank;
}
// decide what that means needs to be communicated to the CRT
_lastOutputStateDuration++;
if(actingState != _lastOutputState) {
switch(_lastOutputState) {
case OutputState::Blank: _crt->output_blank(_lastOutputStateDuration); break;
case OutputState::Sync: _crt->output_sync(_lastOutputStateDuration); break;
case OutputState::ColourBurst: _crt->output_colour_burst(_lastOutputStateDuration, 96, 0); break;
case OutputState::Pixel: _crt->output_data(_lastOutputStateDuration, 1); break;
}
_lastOutputStateDuration = 0;
_lastOutputState = actingState;
if(actingState == OutputState::Pixel) {
_outputBuffer = _crt->allocate_write_area(160);
} else {
_outputBuffer = nullptr;
}
}
// decide on a pixel colour if that's what's happening
if(state == OutputState::Pixel)
{
uint8_t colour = get_output_pixel();
if(_outputBuffer)
{
*_outputBuffer = colour;
_outputBuffer++;
}
}
// advance
_upcomingEventsPointer = (_upcomingEventsPointer + 1)%number_of_upcoming_events;
// advance horizontal timer, perform reset actions if requested
_horizontalTimer = (_horizontalTimer + 1) % horizontalTimerPeriod;
if(!_horizontalTimer)
{
_vBlankExtend = false;
set_ready_line(false);
}
}
}
unsigned int Machine::perform_bus_operation(CPU6502::BusOperation operation, uint16_t address, uint8_t *value)
{
set_reset_line(false);
uint8_t returnValue = 0xff;
unsigned int cycles_run_for = 1;
// this occurs as a feedback loop — the 2600 requests ready, then performs the cycles_run_for
// leap to the end of ready only once ready is signalled — because on a 6502 ready doesn't take
// effect until the next read; therefore it isn't safe to assume that signalling ready immediately
// skips to the end of the line.
if(operation == CPU6502::BusOperation::Ready) {
unsigned int distance_to_end_of_ready = horizontalTimerPeriod - _horizontalTimer;
cycles_run_for = distance_to_end_of_ready / 3;
}
output_pixels(cycles_run_for * 3);
if(operation != CPU6502::BusOperation::Ready) {
// check for a paging access
if(_rom_size > 4096 && ((address & 0x1f00) == 0x1f00)) {
uint8_t *base_ptr = _romPages[0];
uint8_t first_paging_register = (uint8_t)(0xf8 - (_rom_size >> 14)*2);
const uint8_t paging_register = address&0xff;
if(paging_register >= first_paging_register) {
const uint16_t selected_page = paging_register - first_paging_register;
if(selected_page * 4096 < _rom_size) {
base_ptr = &_rom[selected_page * 4096];
}
}
if(base_ptr != _romPages[0]) {
_romPages[0] = base_ptr;
_romPages[1] = base_ptr + 1024;
_romPages[2] = base_ptr + 2048;
_romPages[3] = base_ptr + 3072;
}
}
// check for a ROM read
if((address&0x1000) && isReadOperation(operation)) {
returnValue &= _romPages[(address >> 10)&3][address&1023];
}
// check for a RAM access
if((address&0x1280) == 0x80) {
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
returnValue &= _ram[address&0x7f];
} else {
_ram[address&0x7f] = *value;
}
}
// check for a TIA access
if(!(address&0x1080)) {
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
const uint16_t decodedAddress = address & 0xf;
switch(decodedAddress) {
case 0x00: // missile 0 / player collisions
case 0x01: // missile 1 / player collisions
case 0x02: // player 0 / playfield / ball collisions
case 0x03: // player 1 / playfield / ball collisions
case 0x04: // missile 0 / playfield / ball collisions
case 0x05: // missile 1 / playfield / ball collisions
case 0x06: // ball / playfield collisions
case 0x07: // player / player, missile / missile collisions
returnValue &= _collisions[decodedAddress];
break;
case 0x08:
case 0x09:
case 0x0a:
case 0x0b:
// TODO: pot ports
break;
case 0x0c:
case 0x0d:
returnValue &= _tiaInputValue[decodedAddress - 0x0c];
break;
}
} else {
const uint16_t decodedAddress = address & 0x3f;
switch(decodedAddress) {
case 0x00:
_vSyncEnabled = !!(*value & 0x02);
break;
case 0x01: _vBlankEnabled = !!(*value & 0x02); break;
case 0x02:
set_ready_line(true);
break;
case 0x03:
_horizontalTimer = 0;
break;
case 0x04:
case 0x05: _playerAndMissileSize[decodedAddress - 0x04] = *value; break;
case 0x06:
case 0x07: _playerColour[decodedAddress - 0x06] = *value; break;
case 0x08: _playfieldColour = *value; break;
case 0x09: _backgroundColour = *value; break;
case 0x0a: {
uint8_t old_playfield_control = _playfieldControl;
_playfieldControl = *value;
// did the mirroring bit change?
if((_playfieldControl^old_playfield_control)&1) {
if(_playfieldControl&1) {
for(int c = 0; c < 20; c++) _playfield[c+20] = _playfield[19-c];
} else {
memcpy(&_playfield[20], _playfield, 20);
}
}
} break;
case 0x0b:
case 0x0c: _playerReflection[decodedAddress - 0x0b] = *value; break;
case 0x0d:
_playfield[0] = ((*value) >> 4)&1;
_playfield[1] = ((*value) >> 5)&1;
_playfield[2] = ((*value) >> 6)&1;
_playfield[3] = (*value) >> 7;
if(_playfieldControl&1) {
for(int c = 0; c < 4; c++) _playfield[39-c] = _playfield[c];
} else {
memcpy(&_playfield[20], _playfield, 4);
}
break;
case 0x0e:
_playfield[4] = (*value) >> 7;
_playfield[5] = ((*value) >> 6)&1;
_playfield[6] = ((*value) >> 5)&1;
_playfield[7] = ((*value) >> 4)&1;
_playfield[8] = ((*value) >> 3)&1;
_playfield[9] = ((*value) >> 2)&1;
_playfield[10] = ((*value) >> 1)&1;
_playfield[11] = (*value)&1;
if(_playfieldControl&1) {
for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) _playfield[35-c] = _playfield[c+4];
} else {
memcpy(&_playfield[24], &_playfield[4], 8);
}
break;
case 0x0f:
_playfield[19] = (*value) >> 7;
_playfield[18] = ((*value) >> 6)&1;
_playfield[17] = ((*value) >> 5)&1;
_playfield[16] = ((*value) >> 4)&1;
_playfield[15] = ((*value) >> 3)&1;
_playfield[14] = ((*value) >> 2)&1;
_playfield[13] = ((*value) >> 1)&1;
_playfield[12] = (*value)&1;
if(_playfieldControl&1) {
for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++) _playfield[27-c] = _playfield[c+12];
} else {
memcpy(&_playfield[32], &_playfield[12], 8);
}
break;
case 0x10: case 0x11: case 0x12: case 0x13:
case 0x14:
_objectCounter[decodedAddress - 0x10] = 0;
break;
case 0x1c:
_ballGraphicsEnable = _ballGraphicsEnableLatch;
case 0x1b: {
int index = decodedAddress - 0x1b;
_playerGraphicsLatch[index] = *value;
if(!(_playerGraphicsLatchEnable[index]&1))
_playerGraphics[index] = _playerGraphicsLatch[index];
_playerGraphics[index^1] = _playerGraphicsLatch[index^1];
} break;
case 0x1d: _missileGraphicsEnable[0] = *value; break;
case 0x1e: _missileGraphicsEnable[1] = *value; break;
case 0x1f:
_ballGraphicsEnableLatch = *value;
if(!(_ballGraphicsEnableDelay&1))
_ballGraphicsEnable = _ballGraphicsEnableLatch;
break;
case 0x20:
case 0x21:
case 0x22:
case 0x23:
case 0x24:
_objectMotion[decodedAddress - 0x20] = (*value) >> 4;
break;
case 0x25: _playerGraphicsLatchEnable[0] = *value; break;
case 0x26: _playerGraphicsLatchEnable[1] = *value; break;
case 0x27: _ballGraphicsEnableDelay = *value; break;
case 0x28:
case 0x29:
if(!(*value&0x02) && _missileGraphicsReset[decodedAddress - 0x28]&0x02)
_objectCounter[decodedAddress - 0x26] = _objectCounter[decodedAddress - 0x28]; // TODO: +3 for normal, +6 for double, +10 for quad
_missileGraphicsReset[decodedAddress - 0x28] = *value;
break;
case 0x2a:
_vBlankExtend = true;
// clear any ongoing moves
if(_hMoveFlags)
{
for(int c = 0; c < number_of_upcoming_events; c++)
{
_upcomingEvents[c].updates &= ~(Event::Action::HMoveCompare | Event::Action::HMoveDecrement);
}
}
// schedule new moves
_hMoveFlags = 0x1f;
_hMoveCounter = 15;
_upcomingEvents[(_upcomingEventsPointer + 15)%number_of_upcoming_events].updates |= Event::Action::HMoveCompare;
break;
case 0x2b:
_objectMotion[0] =
_objectMotion[1] =
_objectMotion[2] =
_objectMotion[3] =
_objectMotion[4] = 0;
break;
case 0x2c:
_collisions[0] = _collisions[1] = _collisions[2] =
_collisions[3] = _collisions[4] = _collisions[5] = 0x3f;
_collisions[6] = 0x7f;
_collisions[7] = 0x3f;
break;
}
}
}
// check for a PIA access
if((address&0x1280) == 0x280) {
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
const uint8_t decodedAddress = address & 0xf;
switch(address & 0xf) {
case 0x00:
case 0x02:
returnValue &= _piaDataValue[decodedAddress / 2];
break;
case 0x01:
case 0x03:
// TODO: port DDR
break;
case 0x04:
returnValue &= _piaTimerValue >> _piaTimerShift;
if(_writtenPiaTimerShift != _piaTimerShift) {
_piaTimerShift = _writtenPiaTimerShift;
_piaTimerValue <<= _writtenPiaTimerShift;
}
break;
case 0x05:
returnValue &= _piaTimerStatus;
_piaTimerStatus &= ~0x40;
break;
}
} else {
const uint8_t decodedAddress = address & 0x0f;
switch(decodedAddress) {
case 0x04:
case 0x05:
case 0x06:
case 0x07:
_writtenPiaTimerShift = _piaTimerShift = (decodedAddress - 0x04) * 3 + (decodedAddress / 0x07);
_piaTimerValue = (unsigned int)(*value << _piaTimerShift);
_piaTimerStatus &= ~0xc0;
break;
}
}
}
if(isReadOperation(operation)) {
*value = returnValue;
}
}
if(_piaTimerValue >= cycles_run_for) {
_piaTimerValue -= cycles_run_for;
} else {
_piaTimerValue += 0xff - cycles_run_for;
_piaTimerShift = 0;
_piaTimerStatus |= 0xc0;
}
// output_pixels(cycles_run_for * 3);
return cycles_run_for;
}
void Machine::set_digital_input(Atari2600DigitalInput input, bool state)
{
switch (input) {
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy1Up: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x10; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x10; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy1Down: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x20; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x20; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy1Left: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x40; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x40; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy1Right: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x80; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x80; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy2Up: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x01; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x01; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy2Down: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x02; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x02; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy2Left: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x04; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x04; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy2Right: if(state) _piaDataValue[0] &= ~0x08; else _piaDataValue[0] |= 0x08; break;
// TODO: latching
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy1Fire: if(state) _tiaInputValue[0] &= ~0x80; else _tiaInputValue[0] |= 0x80; break;
case Atari2600DigitalInputJoy2Fire: if(state) _tiaInputValue[1] &= ~0x80; else _tiaInputValue[1] |= 0x80; break;
default: break;
}
}
void Machine::set_rom(size_t length, const uint8_t *data)
{
_rom_size = 1024;
while(_rom_size < length && _rom_size < 32768) _rom_size <<= 1;
delete[] _rom;
_rom = new uint8_t[_rom_size];
size_t offset = 0;
const size_t copy_step = std::min(_rom_size, length);
while(offset < _rom_size)
{
size_t copy_length = std::min(copy_step, _rom_size - offset);
memcpy(&_rom[offset], data, copy_length);
offset += copy_length;
}
size_t romMask = _rom_size - 1;
_romPages[0] = _rom;
_romPages[1] = &_rom[1024 & romMask];
_romPages[2] = &_rom[2048 & romMask];
_romPages[3] = &_rom[3072 & romMask];
}