CLK/Storage/Disk/DiskImage/Formats/NIB.cpp

//
//  NIB.cpp
//  Clock Signal
//
//  Created by Thomas Harte on 21/04/2018.
//  Copyright 2018 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
//

#include "NIB.hpp"

#include "../../Track/PCMTrack.hpp"
#include "../../Track/TrackSerialiser.hpp"
#include "../../Encodings/AppleGCR/Encoder.hpp"

#include <vector>

using namespace Storage::Disk;

namespace {

const long track_length = 6656;
const std::size_t number_of_tracks = 35;

}

NIB::NIB(const std::string &file_name) :
	file_(file_name) {
	// A NIB should be 35 tracks, each 6656 bytes long.
	if(file_.stats().st_size != track_length*number_of_tracks) {
		throw Error::InvalidFormat;
	}

	// A real NIB should have every single top bit set. Yes, 1/8th of the
	// file size is a complete waste. But it provides a hook for validation.
	while(true) {
		uint8_t next = file_.get8();
		if(file_.eof()) break;
		if(!(next & 0x80)) throw Error::InvalidFormat;
	}
}

HeadPosition NIB::get_maximum_head_position() {
	return HeadPosition(number_of_tracks);
}

bool NIB::get_is_read_only() {
	return file_.get_is_known_read_only();
}

long NIB::file_offset(Track::Address address) {
	return static_cast<long>(address.position.as_int()) * track_length;
}

std::shared_ptr<::Storage::Disk::Track> NIB::get_track_at_position(::Storage::Disk::Track::Address address) {
	// NIBs contain data for even-numbered tracks underneath a single head only.
	if(address.head) return nullptr;

	long offset = file_offset(address);
	std::vector<uint8_t> track_data;
	{
		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock_guard(file_.get_file_access_mutex());
		file_.seek(offset, SEEK_SET);
		track_data = file_.read(track_length);
	}

	// NIB files leave sync bytes implicit and make no guarantees
	// about overall track positioning. So the approach taken here
	// is to look for the epilogue sequence (which concludes all Apple
	// tracks and headers), then treat all following FFs as a sync
	// region, then switch back to ordinary behaviour as soon as a
	// non-FF appears.
	PCMSegment segment;

	std::size_t start_index = 0;
	std::set<size_t> sync_starts;

	// Establish where syncs start by finding instances of 0xd5 0xaa and then regressing
	// from each along all preceding FFs.
	for(size_t index = 0; index < track_data.size(); ++index) {
		if(track_data[index] == 0xd5 && track_data[(index+1)%track_data.size()] == 0xaa) {
			size_t start = index - 1;
			size_t length = 0;
			while(track_data[start] == 0xff && length < 5) {
				start = (start + track_data.size() - 1) % track_data.size();
				++length;
			}

			if(length == 5) {
				sync_starts.insert((start + 1) % track_data.size());
				if(start > index)
					start_index = start;
			}
		}
	}

	if(start_index) {
		segment += Encodings::AppleGCR::six_and_two_sync(static_cast<int>(start_index));
	}

	std::size_t index = start_index;
	for(const auto &location: sync_starts) {
		// Write from index to sync_start.
		PCMSegment data_segment;
		data_segment.data.insert(
			data_segment.data.end(),
			track_data.begin() + static_cast<off_t>(index),
			track_data.begin() + static_cast<off_t>(location));
		data_segment.number_of_bits = static_cast<unsigned int>(data_segment.data.size() * 8);
		segment += data_segment;

		// Add a sync from sync_start to end of 0xffs.
		if(location == track_length-1) break;

		index = location;
		while(index < track_length && track_data[index] == 0xff)
			++index;
		segment += Encodings::AppleGCR::six_and_two_sync(static_cast<int>(index - location));
	}

	return std::make_shared<PCMTrack>(segment);
}

void NIB::set_tracks(const std::map<Track::Address, std::shared_ptr<Track>> &tracks) {
	std::map<Track::Address, std::vector<uint8_t>> tracks_by_address;

	// Convert to a map from address to a vector of data that contains the NIB representation
	// of the track.
	for(const auto &pair: tracks) {
		// Grab the track bit stream.
		auto segment = Storage::Disk::track_serialisation(*pair.second, Storage::Time(1, 50000));

		// Process to eliminate all sync bits.
		std::vector<uint8_t> track;
		track.reserve(track_length);
		uint8_t shifter = 0;
		for(unsigned int bit = 0; bit < segment.number_of_bits; ++bit) {
			shifter = static_cast<uint8_t>((shifter << 1) | segment.bit(bit));
			if(shifter & 0x80) {
				track.push_back(shifter);
				shifter = 0;
			}
		}

		// Pad out to track_length.
		if(track.size() > track_length) {
			track.resize(track_length);
		} else {
			while(track.size() < track_length) {
				track.push_back(0xff);
			}
		}

		tracks_by_address[pair.first] = std::move(track);
	}

	// Lock the file and spool out.
	std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock_guard(file_.get_file_access_mutex());
	for(const auto &track: tracks_by_address) {
    	file_.seek(file_offset(track.first), SEEK_SET);
    	file_.write(track.second);
	}
}