CLK/OSBindings/Mac/Clock Signal/Views/CSScanTargetView.m

//
//  CSScanTargetView
//  CLK
//
//  Created by Thomas Harte on 16/07/2015.
//  Copyright 2015 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
//

#import "CSScanTargetView.h"
#import "CSApplication.h"
#import "CSScanTarget.h"
@import CoreVideo;
@import GLKit;

#include <stdatomic.h>

static const NSTimeInterval standardMouseHideInterval = 3.0;
static const NSTimeInterval quickMouseHideInterval = 0.1;

@interface CSScanTargetView () <NSDraggingDestination, CSApplicationEventDelegate>
@end

@implementation CSScanTargetView {
	CVDisplayLinkRef _displayLink;
	NSNumber *_currentScreenNumber;

	NSTrackingArea *_mouseTrackingArea;
	NSTimer *_mouseHideTimer;
	BOOL _mouseIsCaptured;

	atomic_int _isDrawingFlag;
	BOOL _isInvalid;

	CSScanTarget *_scanTarget;
}

- (void)setupDisplayLink {
	// Kill the existing link if there is one.
	if(_displayLink) {
		[self stopDisplayLink];
		CVDisplayLinkRelease(_displayLink);
	}

	// Create a display link for the display the window is currently on.
	NSNumber *const screenNumber = self.window.screen.deviceDescription[@"NSScreenNumber"];
	_currentScreenNumber = screenNumber;
	CVDisplayLinkCreateWithCGDisplay(screenNumber.unsignedIntValue, &_displayLink);

	// Set the renderer output callback function.
	CVDisplayLinkSetOutputCallback(_displayLink, DisplayLinkCallback, (__bridge void * __nullable)(self));

	// Activate the display link.
	CVDisplayLinkStart(_displayLink);
}

static CVReturn DisplayLinkCallback(__unused CVDisplayLinkRef displayLink, const CVTimeStamp *now, const CVTimeStamp *outputTime, __unused CVOptionFlags flagsIn, __unused CVOptionFlags *flagsOut, void *displayLinkContext) {
	CSScanTargetView *const view = (__bridge CSScanTargetView *)displayLinkContext;

	// Schedule an opportunity to check that the display link is still linked to the correct display.
	dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
		[view checkDisplayLink];
	});

	// Ensure _isDrawingFlag has value 1 when drawing, 0 otherwise.
	atomic_store(&view->_isDrawingFlag, 1);

	[view.displayLinkDelegate scanTargetViewDisplayLinkDidFire:view now:now outputTime:outputTime];
	/*
		Do not touch the display link from after this call; there's a bit of a race condition with setupDisplayLink.
		Specifically: Apple provides CVDisplayLinkStop but a call to that merely prevents future calls to the callback,
		it doesn't wait for completion of any current calls. So I've set up a usleep for one callback's duration,
		so code in here gets one callback's duration to access the display link.

		In practice, it should do so only upon entry, and before calling into the view. The view promises not to
		access the display link itself as part of -drawAtTime:frequency:.
	*/

	atomic_store(&view->_isDrawingFlag, 0);

	return kCVReturnSuccess;
}

- (void)checkDisplayLink {
	// Don't do anything if this view has already been invalidated.
	if(_isInvalid) {
		return;
	}

	// Test now whether the screen this view is on has changed since last time it was checked.
	// There's likely a callback available for this, on NSWindow if nowhere else, or an NSNotification,
	// but since this method is going to be called repeatedly anyway, and the test is cheap, polling
	// feels fine.
	NSNumber *const screenNumber = self.window.screen.deviceDescription[@"NSScreenNumber"];
	if(![_currentScreenNumber isEqual:screenNumber]) {
		// Also switch display links, to make sure synchronisation is with the display
		// the window is actually on, and at its rate.
		[self setupDisplayLink];
	}
}

- (void)invalidate {
	_isInvalid = YES;
	[self stopDisplayLink];
}

- (double)refreshPeriod {
	return CVDisplayLinkGetActualOutputVideoRefreshPeriod(_displayLink);
}

- (void)stopDisplayLink {
	const double duration = [self refreshPeriod];
	CVDisplayLinkStop(_displayLink);

	// This is a workaround; CVDisplayLinkStop does not wait for any existing call to the
	// display-link callback to stop. Furthermore there's a race condition between a callback
	// and any ability by me to set state.
	//
	// So: wait for a whole display link tick to avoid the second race condition. Then spin
	// on an atomic flag.
	usleep((useconds_t)ceil(duration * 1000000.0));

	// Spin until _isDrawingFlag is 0 (and leave it as 0).
	int expected_value = 0;
	while(!atomic_compare_exchange_weak(&_isDrawingFlag, &expected_value, 0)) {
		expected_value = 0;
	}
}

- (void)dealloc {
	// Stop and release the display link
	CVDisplayLinkStop(_displayLink);
	CVDisplayLinkRelease(_displayLink);
}

- (CSScanTarget *)scanTarget {
	return _scanTarget;
}

- (void)willChangeScanTargetOwner {
	[_scanTarget willChangeOwner];
}

- (void)updateBacking {
	[_scanTarget updateFrameBuffer];
}

- (void)awakeFromNib {
	// Use the preferred device if available.
	if(@available(macOS 10.15, *)) {
		self.device = self.preferredDevice;
	} else {
		self.device = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice();
	}

	// Configure for explicit drawing.
	self.paused = YES;
	self.enableSetNeedsDisplay = NO;

	// Create the scan target.
	_scanTarget = [[CSScanTarget alloc] initWithView:self];
	self.delegate = _scanTarget;

	// Register to receive dragged and dropped file URLs.
	[self registerForDraggedTypes:@[(__bridge NSString *)kUTTypeFileURL]];

	// Setup the [initial] display link.
	[self setupDisplayLink];
}

#pragma mark - NSResponder

- (BOOL)acceptsFirstResponder {
	return YES;
}

- (void)keyDown:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self.responderDelegate keyDown:event];
}

- (void)keyUp:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self.responderDelegate keyUp:event];
}

- (void)flagsChanged:(NSEvent *)event {
	// Release the mouse upon a control + command.
	if(_mouseIsCaptured &&
		event.modifierFlags & NSEventModifierFlagControl &&
		event.modifierFlags & NSEventModifierFlagCommand) {
		[self releaseMouse];
	}

	[self.responderDelegate flagsChanged:event];
}

- (BOOL)application:(nonnull CSApplication *)application shouldSendEvent:(nonnull NSEvent *)event {
	switch(event.type) {
		default: return YES;
		case NSEventTypeKeyUp:			[self keyUp:event];		return NO;
		case NSEventTypeKeyDown:		[self keyDown:event];	return NO;
		case NSEventTypeFlagsChanged:	[self flagsChanged:event];	return NO;
	}
}

- (void)paste:(id)sender {
	[self.responderDelegate paste:sender];
}

- (NSBitmapImageRep *)imageRepresentation {
	return self.scanTarget.imageRepresentation;
}

#pragma mark - NSDraggingDestination

- (BOOL)performDragOperation:(id <NSDraggingInfo>)sender {
	for(NSPasteboardItem *item in [[sender draggingPasteboard] pasteboardItems]) {
		NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:[item stringForType:(__bridge NSString *)kUTTypeFileURL]];
		[self.responderDelegate scanTargetView:self didReceiveFileAtURL:URL];
	}
	return YES;
}

- (NSDragOperation)draggingEntered:(id < NSDraggingInfo >)sender {
	return NSDragOperationLink;
}

#pragma mark - Mouse hiding

- (void)setShouldCaptureMouse:(BOOL)shouldCaptureMouse {
	_shouldCaptureMouse = shouldCaptureMouse;
}

- (void)updateTrackingAreas {
	[super updateTrackingAreas];

	if(_mouseTrackingArea) {
		[self removeTrackingArea:_mouseTrackingArea];
	}
	_mouseTrackingArea =
		[[NSTrackingArea alloc]
			initWithRect:self.bounds
			options:NSTrackingMouseEnteredAndExited | NSTrackingMouseMoved | NSTrackingActiveWhenFirstResponder
			owner:self
			userInfo:nil];
	[self addTrackingArea:_mouseTrackingArea];
}

- (void)scheduleMouseHideAfter:(NSTimeInterval)interval {
	[_mouseHideTimer invalidate];

	_mouseHideTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:interval repeats:NO block:^(__unused NSTimer * _Nonnull timer) {
		// Don't actually hide the mouse if this is a mouse-capture machine; that makes
		// it fairly confusing as to current application state.
		if(!self.shouldCaptureMouse) {
			[NSCursor setHiddenUntilMouseMoves:YES];
		}
		[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewWouldHideOSMouseCursor:self];
	}];
}

- (void)mouseEntered:(NSEvent *)event {
	[super mouseEntered:event];

	[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewDidShowOSMouseCursor:self];
	[self scheduleMouseHideAfter:standardMouseHideInterval];
}

- (void)mouseExited:(NSEvent *)event {
	[super mouseExited:event];

	// Schedule a really short mouse-hiding interval.
	[self scheduleMouseHideAfter:quickMouseHideInterval];
}

- (void)releaseMouse {
	if(_mouseIsCaptured) {
		_mouseIsCaptured = NO;
		CGAssociateMouseAndMouseCursorPosition(true);
		[NSCursor unhide];
		[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewDidReleaseMouse:self];
		[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewDidShowOSMouseCursor:self];
		((CSApplication *)[NSApplication sharedApplication]).eventDelegate = nil;
	}
}

#pragma mark - Mouse motion

- (void)applyMouseMotion:(NSEvent *)event {
	if(!_mouseIsCaptured) {
		// Mouse capture is off, so don't play games with the cursor, just schedule it to
		// hide in the near future.
		[self scheduleMouseHideAfter:standardMouseHideInterval];
		[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewDidShowOSMouseCursor:self];
	} else {
		// Mouse capture is on, so move the cursor back to the middle of the window, and
		// forward the deltas to the listener.
		//
		// TODO: should I really need to invert the y coordinate myself? It suggests I
		// might have an error in mapping here.
		const NSPoint windowCentre = [self convertPoint:CGPointMake(self.bounds.size.width * 0.5, self.bounds.size.height * 0.5) toView:nil];
		const NSPoint screenCentre = [self.window convertPointToScreen:windowCentre];
		const CGRect screenFrame = self.window.screen.frame;
		CGWarpMouseCursorPosition(NSMakePoint(
			screenFrame.origin.x + screenCentre.x,
			screenFrame.origin.y + screenFrame.size.height - screenCentre.y
		));

		[self.responderDelegate mouseMoved:event];
	}
}

- (void)mouseDragged:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyMouseMotion:event];
	[super mouseDragged:event];
}

- (void)rightMouseDragged:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyMouseMotion:event];
	[super rightMouseDragged:event];
}

- (void)otherMouseDragged:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyMouseMotion:event];
	[super otherMouseDragged:event];
}

- (void)mouseMoved:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyMouseMotion:event];
	[super mouseMoved:event];
}

#pragma mark - Mouse buttons

- (void)applyButtonDown:(NSEvent *)event {
	if(self.shouldCaptureMouse) {
		if(!_mouseIsCaptured) {
			_mouseIsCaptured = YES;
			[NSCursor hide];
			CGAssociateMouseAndMouseCursorPosition(false);
			[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewWouldHideOSMouseCursor:self];
			[self.responderDelegate scanTargetViewDidCaptureMouse:self];
			if(self.shouldUsurpCommand) {
				((CSApplication *)[NSApplication sharedApplication]).eventDelegate = self;
			}

			// Don't report the first click to the delegate; treat that as merely
			// an invitation to capture the cursor.
			return;
		}

		[self.responderDelegate mouseDown:event];
	}
}

- (void)applyButtonUp:(NSEvent *)event {
	if(self.shouldCaptureMouse) {
		[self.responderDelegate mouseUp:event];
	}
}

- (void)mouseDown:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyButtonDown:event];
	[super mouseDown:event];
}

- (void)rightMouseDown:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyButtonDown:event];
	[super rightMouseDown:event];
}

- (void)otherMouseDown:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyButtonDown:event];
	[super otherMouseDown:event];
}

- (void)mouseUp:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyButtonUp:event];
	[super mouseUp:event];
}

- (void)rightMouseUp:(NSEvent *)event  {
	[self applyButtonUp:event];
	[super rightMouseUp:event];
}

- (void)otherMouseUp:(NSEvent *)event {
	[self applyButtonUp:event];
	[super otherMouseUp:event];
}

@end