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a30eeaab6a
They can be optional, and chained together in AND or OR combinations. A central catalogue knows the definitions of all ROMs.
348 lines
10 KiB
C++
348 lines
10 KiB
C++
//
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// VideoSwitches.hpp
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// Clock Signal
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//
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// Created by Thomas Harte on 31/10/2020.
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// Copyright © 2020 Thomas Harte. All rights reserved.
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//
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#ifndef VideoSwitches_h
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#define VideoSwitches_h
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#include "../../../ClockReceiver/ClockReceiver.hpp"
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#include "../../../ClockReceiver/DeferredQueue.hpp"
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#include "../../ROMMachine.hpp"
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namespace Apple {
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namespace II {
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// Enumerates all Apple II and IIe display modes.
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enum class GraphicsMode {
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Text = 0,
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DoubleText,
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HighRes,
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DoubleHighRes,
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LowRes,
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DoubleLowRes,
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/// Fat low res mode is regular low res mode, but clocked out at 7Mhz rather than 14, leading to improper colours.
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FatLowRes
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};
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constexpr bool is_text_mode(GraphicsMode m) { return m <= GraphicsMode::DoubleText; }
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constexpr bool is_double_mode(GraphicsMode m) { return int(m) & 1; }
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template <typename TimeUnit> class VideoSwitches {
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public:
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/*!
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Constructs a new instance of VideoSwitches in which changes to relevant switches
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affect the video mode only after @c delay cycles.
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If @c is_iie is true, these switches will set up the character zones for an IIe-esque
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set of potential flashing characters and alternate video modes.
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*/
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VideoSwitches(bool is_iie, TimeUnit delay, std::function<void(TimeUnit)> &&target) : delay_(delay), deferrer_(std::move(target)) {
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character_zones_[0].xor_mask = 0;
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character_zones_[0].address_mask = 0x3f;
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character_zones_[1].xor_mask = 0;
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character_zones_[1].address_mask = 0x3f;
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character_zones_[2].xor_mask = 0;
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character_zones_[2].address_mask = 0x3f;
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character_zones_[3].xor_mask = 0;
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character_zones_[3].address_mask = 0x3f;
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if(is_iie) {
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character_zones_[0].xor_mask =
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character_zones_[2].xor_mask =
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character_zones_[3].xor_mask = 0xff;
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character_zones_[2].address_mask =
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character_zones_[3].address_mask = 0xff;
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}
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}
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/*!
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Advances @c cycles.
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*/
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void run_for(TimeUnit cycles) {
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deferrer_.run_for(cycles);
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}
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/*
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Descriptions for the setters below are taken verbatim from
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the Apple IIe Technical Reference. Addresses are the conventional
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locations within the Apple II memory map. Only those which affect
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video output are implemented here.
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Those registers which don't exist on a II/II+ are marked.
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*/
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/*!
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Setter for ALTCHAR ($C00E/$C00F; triggers on write only):
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* Off: display text using primary character set.
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* On: display text using alternate character set.
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Doesn't exist on a II/II+.
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*/
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void set_alternative_character_set(bool alternative_character_set) {
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external_.alternative_character_set = alternative_character_set;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, alternative_character_set] {
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internal_.alternative_character_set = alternative_character_set;
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if(alternative_character_set) {
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character_zones_[1].address_mask = 0xff;
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character_zones_[1].xor_mask = 0;
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} else {
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character_zones_[1].address_mask = 0x3f;
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character_zones_[1].xor_mask = flash_mask();
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// The XOR mask is seeded here; it's dynamic, so updated elsewhere.
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}
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});
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}
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bool get_alternative_character_set() const {
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return external_.alternative_character_set;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for 80COL ($C00C/$C00D; triggers on write only).
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* Off: display 40 columns.
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* On: display 80 columns.
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Doesn't exist on a II/II+.
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*/
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void set_80_columns(bool columns_80) {
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external_.columns_80 = columns_80;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, columns_80] {
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internal_.columns_80 = columns_80;
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});
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}
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bool get_80_columns() const {
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return external_.columns_80;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for 80STORE ($C000/$C001; triggers on write only).
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* Off: cause PAGE2 to select auxiliary RAM.
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* On: cause PAGE2 to switch main RAM areas.
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Doesn't exist on a II/II+.
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*/
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void set_80_store(bool store_80) {
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external_.store_80 = internal_.store_80 = store_80;
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}
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bool get_80_store() const {
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return external_.store_80;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for PAGE2 ($C054/$C055; triggers on read or write).
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* Off: select Page 1.
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* On: select Page 2 or, if 80STORE on, Page 1 in auxiliary memory.
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80STORE doesn't exist on a II/II+; therefore this always selects
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either Page 1 or Page 2 on those machines.
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*/
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void set_page2(bool page2) {
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external_.page2 = internal_.page2 = page2;
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}
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bool get_page2() const {
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return external_.page2;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for TEXT ($C050/$C051; triggers on read or write).
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* Off: display graphics or, if MIXED on, mixed.
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* On: display text.
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*/
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void set_text(bool text) {
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external_.text = text;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, text] {
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internal_.text = text;
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});
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}
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bool get_text() const {
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return external_.text;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for MIXED ($C052/$C053; triggers on read or write).
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* Off: display only text or only graphics.
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* On: if TEXT off, display text and graphics.
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*/
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void set_mixed(bool mixed) {
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external_.mixed = mixed;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, mixed] {
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internal_.mixed = mixed;
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});
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}
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bool get_mixed() const {
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return external_.mixed;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for HIRES ($C056/$C057; triggers on read or write).
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* Off: if TEXT off, display low-resolution graphics.
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* On: if TEXT off, display high-resolution or, if DHIRES on, double high-resolution graphics.
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DHIRES doesn't exist on a II/II+; therefore this always selects
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either high- or low-resolution graphics on those machines.
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Despite Apple's documentation, the IIe also supports double low-resolution
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graphics, which are the 80-column analogue to ordinary low-resolution 40-column
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low-resolution graphics.
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*/
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void set_high_resolution(bool high_resolution) {
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external_.high_resolution = high_resolution;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, high_resolution] {
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internal_.high_resolution = high_resolution;
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});
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}
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bool get_high_resolution() const {
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return external_.high_resolution;
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}
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/*!
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Setter for annunciator 3.
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* On: turn on annunciator 3.
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* Off: turn off annunciator 3.
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This exists on both the II/II+ and the IIe, but has no effect on
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video on the older machines. It's intended to be used on the IIe
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to confirm double-high resolution mode but has side effects in
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selecting mixed mode output and discarding high-resolution
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delay bits.
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*/
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void set_annunciator_3(bool annunciator_3) {
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external_.annunciator_3 = annunciator_3;
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deferrer_.defer(delay_, [this, annunciator_3] {
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internal_.annunciator_3 = annunciator_3;
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high_resolution_mask_ = annunciator_3 ? 0x7f : 0xff;
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});
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}
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bool get_annunciator_3() const {
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return external_.annunciator_3;
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}
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/// Set the character ROM for this video output.
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void set_character_rom(const std::vector<uint8_t> &rom) {
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character_rom_ = rom;
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// There's some inconsistency in bit ordering amongst the common ROM dumps;
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// detect that based arbitrarily on the second line of the $ graphic and
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// ensure consistency.
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if(character_rom_[0x121] == 0x3c || character_rom_[0x122] == 0x3c) {
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for(auto &graphic : character_rom_) {
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graphic =
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((graphic & 0x01) ? 0x40 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x02) ? 0x20 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x04) ? 0x10 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x08) ? 0x08 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x10) ? 0x04 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x20) ? 0x02 : 0x00) |
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((graphic & 0x40) ? 0x01 : 0x00);
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}
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}
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}
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protected:
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GraphicsMode graphics_mode(int row) const {
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if(
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internal_.text ||
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(internal_.mixed && row >= 160 && row < 192)
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) return internal_.columns_80 ? GraphicsMode::DoubleText : GraphicsMode::Text;
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if(internal_.high_resolution) {
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return (internal_.annunciator_3 && internal_.columns_80) ? GraphicsMode::DoubleHighRes : GraphicsMode::HighRes;
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} else {
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if(internal_.columns_80) return GraphicsMode::DoubleLowRes;
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if(internal_.annunciator_3) return GraphicsMode::FatLowRes;
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return GraphicsMode::LowRes;
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}
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}
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int video_page() const {
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return (internal_.store_80 || !internal_.page2) ? 0 : 1;
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}
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uint16_t get_row_address(int row) const {
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const int character_row = row >> 3;
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const int pixel_row = row & 7;
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const uint16_t row_address = uint16_t((character_row >> 3) * 40 + ((character_row&7) << 7));
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const GraphicsMode pixel_mode = graphics_mode(row);
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return ((pixel_mode == GraphicsMode::HighRes) || (pixel_mode == GraphicsMode::DoubleHighRes)) ?
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uint16_t(((video_page()+1) * 0x2000) + row_address + ((pixel_row&7) << 10)) :
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uint16_t(((video_page()+1) * 0x400) + row_address);
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}
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/*!
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Should be called by subclasses at the end of each line of the display;
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this gives the base class a peg on which to hang flashing-character updates.
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*/
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void did_end_line() {
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// Update character set flashing; flashing is applied only when the alternative
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// character set is not selected.
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flash_ = (flash_ + 1) % (2 * flash_length);
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character_zones_[1].xor_mask = flash_mask() * !internal_.alternative_character_set;
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}
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private:
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// Maintain a DeferredQueue for delayed mode switches.
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const TimeUnit delay_;
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DeferredQueuePerformer<TimeUnit> deferrer_;
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struct Switches {
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bool alternative_character_set = false;
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bool columns_80 = false;
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bool store_80 = false;
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bool page2 = false;
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bool text = true;
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bool mixed = false;
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bool high_resolution = false;
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bool annunciator_3 = false;
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} external_, internal_;
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int flash_length = 8406;
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int flash_ = 0;
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uint8_t flash_mask() const {
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return uint8_t((flash_ / flash_length) * 0xff);
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}
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protected:
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// Describes the current text mode mapping from in-memory character index
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// to output character; subclasses should:
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//
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// (i) use the top two-bits of the character code to index character_zones_;
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// (ii) apply the address_mask to the character code in order to get a character
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// offset into the character ROM; and
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// (iii) apply the XOR mask to the output of the character ROM.
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//
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// By this means they will properly handle the limited character sets of Apple IIs
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// prior to the IIe as well as the IIe and onward's alternative character set toggle.
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struct CharacterMapping {
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uint8_t address_mask;
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uint8_t xor_mask;
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};
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CharacterMapping character_zones_[4];
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// A mask that should be applied to high-resolution graphics bytes before output;
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// it acts to retain or remove the top bit, affecting whether the half-pixel delay
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// bit is effective. On a IIe it's toggleable, on early Apple IIs it doesn't exist.
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uint8_t high_resolution_mask_ = 0xff;
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// This holds a copy of the character ROM. The regular character
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// set is assumed to be in the first 64*8 bytes; the alternative
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// is in the 128*8 bytes after that.
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std::vector<uint8_t> character_rom_;
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};
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}
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}
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#endif /* VideoSwitches_h */
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