diff --git a/EightBit/Bus.cs b/EightBit/Bus.cs
index 81a2eba..79dff0f 100644
--- a/EightBit/Bus.cs
+++ b/EightBit/Bus.cs
@@ -8,9 +8,7 @@ namespace EightBit
 {
     public abstract class Bus : IMapper
     {
-        private bool _reading;
         private bool _writing;
-
         private byte _data;
 
         public event EventHandler<EventArgs>? WritingByte;
@@ -48,27 +46,21 @@ namespace EightBit
         public void Read()
         {
             Debug.Assert(!this._writing, "Writing flag is in an invalid state");
-            Debug.Assert(!this._reading, "Reading flag is in an invalid state");
             this.ReadingByte?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
-            this._reading = true;
             this.Data = this.Reference();
-            this._reading = false;
             ReadByte?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
             Debug.Assert(!this._writing, "Writing flag is in an invalid state");
-            Debug.Assert(!this._reading, "Reading flag is in an invalid state");
         }
 
         public void Write()
         {
             Debug.Assert(!this._writing, "Writing flag is in an invalid state");
-            Debug.Assert(!this._reading, "Reading flag is in an invalid state");
             this.WritingByte?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
             this._writing = true;
             this.Reference() = this.Data;
             this._writing = false;
             this.WrittenByte?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
             Debug.Assert(!this._writing, "Writing flag is in an invalid state");
-            Debug.Assert(!this._reading, "Reading flag is in an invalid state");
         }
 
 
diff --git a/EightBit/EightBit.UnitTest/BusTests.cs b/EightBit/EightBit.UnitTest/BusTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea9a12d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/EightBit/EightBit.UnitTest/BusTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// <copyright file="BusTests.cs" company="Adrian Conlon">
+// Copyright (c) Adrian Conlon. All rights reserved.
+// </copyright>
+namespace EightBit.UnitTest
+{
+    using EightBit;
+
+    [TestClass]
+    public class BusTests
+    {
+        // Minimal Bus whose entire address space maps to a single read-only RAM region.
+        // Seed()/RawPeek() reach the RAM directly, bypassing the access-level check,
+        // so they can be used to set up and verify the underlying memory independently
+        // of whatever the Bus write path does.
+        private sealed class ReadOnlyBus : Bus
+        {
+            private readonly Ram _ram = new(0x10000);
+            private readonly MemoryMapping _mapping;
+
+            public ReadOnlyBus()
+                => this._mapping = new(this._ram, 0x0000, (ushort)Mask.Sixteen, AccessLevel.ReadOnly);
+
+            /// <summary>Writes directly to the backing RAM, bypassing the access-level guard.</summary>
+            public void Seed(ushort address, byte value) => this._ram.Poke(address, value);
+
+            /// <summary>Reads directly from the backing RAM, bypassing the access-level guard.</summary>
+            public byte RawPeek(ushort address) => this._ram.Peek(address);
+
+            public override MemoryMapping Mapping(ushort _) => this._mapping;
+
+            public override void Initialize() { }
+        }
+
+        private readonly ReadOnlyBus _bus = new();
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Bus_Read_From_ReadOnly_Returns_Memory_Value()
+        {
+            _bus.Seed(0x1000, 0xAB);
+            _bus.Address.Joined = 0x1000;
+            _bus.Read();
+            Assert.AreEqual(0xAB, _bus.Data, "Read from read-only mapping must return the underlying memory value");
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Bus_Write_To_ReadOnly_Does_Not_Modify_Memory()
+        {
+            _bus.Seed(0x2000, 0x55);
+            _bus.Address.Joined = 0x2000;
+            _bus.Data = 0xFF;
+            _bus.Write();
+            Assert.AreEqual(0x55, _bus.RawPeek(0x2000), "Write to read-only mapping must not modify the underlying memory");
+            Assert.AreEqual(0xFF, _bus.Data, "Write to read-only mapping must leave the written value on the bus, not the memory value");
+        }
+
+        [TestMethod]
+        public void Bus_Read_After_Write_To_ReadOnly_Returns_Original_Value()
+        {
+            _bus.Seed(0x3000, 0x42);
+            _bus.Address.Joined = 0x3000;
+            _bus.Data = 0xFF;
+            _bus.Write();  // silently discarded
+            _bus.Read();   // must see the original value, not 0xFF
+            Assert.AreEqual(0x42, _bus.Data, "Read after a discarded write must return the original memory value");
+        }
+    }
+}