2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
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SixtyPical Analysis
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2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
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===================
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2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
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This is a test suite, written in [Falderal][] format, for the SixtyPical
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2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
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static analysis rules.
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[Falderal]: http://catseye.tc/node/Falderal
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2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
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-> Functionality "Analyze SixtyPical program" is implemented by
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2015-10-17 11:28:39 +00:00
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-> shell command "bin/sixtypical --analyze %(test-body-file) && echo ok"
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2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
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2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
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-> Tests for functionality "Analyze SixtyPical program"
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2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
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### Rudiments ###
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Routines must declare their inputs, outputs, and memory locations they trash.
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| routine up
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| add a, 1
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| }
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= ok
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Routines may not declare a memory location to be both an output and trashed.
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| routine main
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| outputs a
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| trashes a
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| ld a, 0
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| }
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? UsageClashError: a
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If a routine declares it outputs a location, that location should be initialized.
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| routine main
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| outputs a, x, z, n
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| ld x, 0
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| }
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2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
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? UninitializedOutputError: a
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2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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= ok
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If a routine declares it outputs a location, that location may or may not have
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been initialized. Trashing is mainly a signal to the caller.
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| routine main
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| trashes x, z, n
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| ld x, 0
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= ok
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| routine main
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| trashes x, z, n
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= ok
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If a routine modifies a location, it needs to either output it or trash it.
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| routine main
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| ld x, 0
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? IllegalWriteError: x
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| routine main
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| outputs x, z, n
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| ld x, 0
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= ok
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| routine main
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| trashes x, z, n
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| ld x, 0
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= ok
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### ld ###
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Can't `ld` from a memory location that isn't initialized.
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| routine main
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| inputs a, x
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| trashes a, z, n
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| ld a, x
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= ok
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| trashes a
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| ld a, x
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? UninitializedAccessError: x
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Can't `ld` to a memory location that doesn't appear in (outputs ∪ trashes).
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| routine main
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| trashes a, z, n
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| ld a, 0
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= ok
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| routine main
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| outputs a
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| trashes z, n
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| ld a, 0
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= ok
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| routine main
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| outputs z, n
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| trashes a
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| ld a, 0
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= ok
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| routine main
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| trashes z, n
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| ld a, 0
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? IllegalWriteError: a
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| routine main
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| trashes a, n
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| ld a, 0
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? IllegalWriteError: z
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### st ###
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Can't `st` from a memory location that isn't initialized.
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs x
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| trashes lives
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| st x, lives
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= ok
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| trashes x, lives
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| st x, lives
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? UninitializedAccessError: x
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Can't `st` to a memory location that doesn't appear in (outputs ∪ trashes).
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| trashes lives
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| st 0, lives
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= ok
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| outputs lives
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| st 0, lives
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= ok
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs lives
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| st 0, lives
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? IllegalWriteError: lives
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### add ###
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Can't `add` from or to a memory location that isn't initialized.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| add a, 0
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= ok
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| add a, lives
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? UninitializedAccessError: lives
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs lives
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| add a, lives
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? UninitializedAccessError: a
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Can't `add` to a memory location that isn't writeable.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| trashes c
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| st off, c
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| add a, 0
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? IllegalWriteError: a
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2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
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### sub ###
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Can't `sub` from or to a memory location that isn't initialized.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| sub a, 0
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= ok
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| sub a, lives
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? UninitializedAccessError: lives
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| byte lives
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| routine main
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| inputs lives
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| outputs a
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| trashes c, z, v, n
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| st off, c
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| sub a, lives
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? UninitializedAccessError: a
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Can't `sub` to a memory location that isn't writeable.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| trashes c
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| st off, c
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| sub a, 0
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? IllegalWriteError: a
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### inc ###
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Location must be initialized and writeable.
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| routine main
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| outputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| inc x
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? UninitializedAccessError: x
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| routine main
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| inputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| inc x
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? IllegalWriteError: x
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| routine main
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| inputs x
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| outputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| inc x
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= ok
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### dec ###
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Location must be initialized and writeable.
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| routine main
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| outputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| dec x
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? UninitializedAccessError: x
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| routine main
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| inputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| dec x
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? IllegalWriteError: x
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| routine main
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| inputs x
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| outputs x
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| trashes z, n
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| dec x
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= ok
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### cmp ###
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2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
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Some rudimentary tests for cmp.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| trashes z, c, n
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| cmp a, 4
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= ok
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| trashes z, n
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| cmp a, 4
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? IllegalWriteError: c
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| routine main
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| trashes z, c, n
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| cmp a, 4
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| }
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? UninitializedAccessError: a
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2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
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### and ###
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2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
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Some rudimentary tests for and.
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| routine main
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| inputs a
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| outputs a, z, n
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| and a, 4
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= ok
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| routine main
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| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| and a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| and a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: a
|
2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### or ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Writing unit tests on a train. Wow.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| or a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| or a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| or a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: a
|
2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### xor ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Writing unit tests on a train. Wow.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| xor a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| xor a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| xor a, 4
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: a
|
2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### shl ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Some rudimentary tests for shl.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a, c
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shl a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a, c
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shl a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shl a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: c
|
2015-10-16 18:15:01 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### shr ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 18:32:18 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Some rudimentary tests for shr.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a, c
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shr a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a, c
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shr a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a, c, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| shr a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: c
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### call ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When calling a routine, all of the locations it lists as inputs must be
|
|
|
|
|
initialized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| byte lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that if you call a routine that trashes a location, you also trash it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| byte lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? IllegalWriteError: lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| byte lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can't output a value that the thing you called trashed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| byte lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, z, n, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedOutputError: lives
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
...unless you write to it yourself afterwards.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| byte lives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, z, n, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| st x, lives
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If a routine declares outputs, they are initialized in the caller after
|
|
|
|
|
calling it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, x
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes x
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, x
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If a routine trashes locations, they are uninitialized in the caller after
|
|
|
|
|
calling it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, x
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-17 13:54:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Calling an extern is just the same as calling a defined routine with the
|
|
|
|
|
same constraints.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a
|
|
|
|
|
| @ 65490
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, 65
|
|
|
|
|
| call chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a
|
|
|
|
|
| @ 65490
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| call chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a
|
|
|
|
|
| @ 65490
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, x, z, n
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, 65
|
|
|
|
|
| call chrout
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, a
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: a
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
### if ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Both blocks of an `if` are analyzed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if z {
|
2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| } else {
|
2015-10-16 08:38:38 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 23
|
2015-10-16 08:30:24 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
2015-10-16 13:01:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If a location is initialized in one block, is must be initialized in the other as well.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| } else {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, 23
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? InconsistentInitializationError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, 6
|
|
|
|
|
| } else {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? InconsistentInitializationError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-18 14:32:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if not z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld a, 6
|
|
|
|
|
| } else {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? InconsistentInitializationError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-16 13:01:45 +00:00
|
|
|
|
An `if` with a single block is analyzed as if it had an empty `else` block.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
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|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
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|
? InconsistentInitializationError: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
2015-10-18 12:37:35 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-18 14:32:28 +00:00
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| inputs a
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes a, z, n, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp a, 42
|
|
|
|
|
| if not z {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 7
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-10-18 12:37:35 +00:00
|
|
|
|
### repeat ###
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repeat loop.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, y, n, z, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| ld y, 15
|
|
|
|
|
| repeat {
|
|
|
|
|
| inc x
|
|
|
|
|
| inc y
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp x, 10
|
|
|
|
|
| } until z
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can initialize something inside the loop that was uninitialized outside.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, y, n, z, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| repeat {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld y, 15
|
|
|
|
|
| inc x
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp x, 10
|
|
|
|
|
| } until z
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
= ok
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
But you can't UNinitialize something at the end of the loop that you need
|
|
|
|
|
initialized at the start.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine foo
|
|
|
|
|
| trashes y
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| routine main
|
|
|
|
|
| outputs x, y, n, z, c
|
|
|
|
|
| {
|
|
|
|
|
| ld x, 0
|
|
|
|
|
| ld y, 15
|
|
|
|
|
| repeat {
|
|
|
|
|
| inc x
|
|
|
|
|
| inc y
|
|
|
|
|
| call foo
|
|
|
|
|
| cmp x, 10
|
|
|
|
|
| } until z
|
|
|
|
|
| }
|
|
|
|
|
? UninitializedAccessError: y
|