diff --git a/src/acme.c b/src/acme.c
index b5d1783..bde676e 100644
--- a/src/acme.c
+++ b/src/acme.c
@@ -333,9 +333,9 @@ static void perform_pass(void)
 		}
 	}
 	output_endofpass();	// make sure last code segment is closed
-	// TODO: atm "--from-to" reads two numbers. if that is changed in the
-	// future to two general expressions, this is the point where they would
-	// need to be evaluated.
+	// TODO: atm "--from-to" reads two number literals. if that is changed
+	// in the future to two general expressions, this is the point where
+	// they would need to be evaluated.
 	if (config.process_verbosity > 8)
 		printf("Found %d undefined expressions.\n", pass.undefined_count);
 	if (pass.error_count)
@@ -351,6 +351,11 @@ static void do_actual_work(void)
 
 	report = &global_report;	// let global pointer point to something
 	report_init(report);	// we must init struct before doing passes
+
+	sanity.macro_recursions_left = config.sanity_limit;
+	sanity.source_recursions_left = config.sanity_limit;
+	sanity.passes_left = config.sanity_limit;
+
 	pass.complain_about_undefined = FALSE;	// disable until error pass needed
 	perform_pass();	// first pass
 	// pretend there has been a previous pass, with one more undefined result
@@ -362,6 +367,7 @@ static void do_actual_work(void)
 		perform_pass();
 		if (--sanity.passes_left < 0) {
 			// FIXME - exit with error
+			// ...or maybe do one additional pass where all errors are reported, including "not defined" and "value has changed".
 			//puts("Exceeded maximum number of passes, please check your sources.");
 			//break;
 		}
@@ -389,6 +395,7 @@ static void do_actual_work(void)
 		perform_pass();	// perform pass, but now show "value undefined"
 		// FIXME - perform_pass() calls exit() when there were errors,
 		// so if controls returns here, call BUG()!
+		// (this can be triggered using ifdef/ifndef)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -742,10 +749,6 @@ int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 	}
 
-	sanity.macro_recursions_left = config.sanity_limit;
-	sanity.source_recursions_left = config.sanity_limit;
-	sanity.passes_left = config.sanity_limit;
-
 	// init output buffer
 	output_createbuffer();
 	// do the actual work
diff --git a/src/mnemo.c b/src/mnemo.c
index fb9c823..526a17d 100644
--- a/src/mnemo.c
+++ b/src/mnemo.c
@@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ static	STRUCT_DYNABUF_REF(mnemo_dyna_buf, MNEMO_INITIALSIZE);	// for mnemonics
 // immediate mode:
 #define IM_FORCE8	0x000	// immediate values are 8 bits (CAUTION - program relies on "no bits set" being the default!)
 #define IM_FORCE16	0x100	// immediate value is 16 bits (for 65ce02's PHW#)
-#define IM_ACCUMULATOR	0x200	// immediate value depends on accumulator length
-#define IM_INDEXREGS	0x300	// immediate value depends on index register length
+#define IM_ACCU_LENGTH	0x200	// immediate value depends on accumulator length
+#define IM_REGS_LENGTH	0x300	// immediate value depends on index register length
 #define IMMASK		0x300	// mask for immediate mode flags
 #define PREFIX_NEGNEG	0x400	// output NEG:NEG before actual opcode
 #define LI_PREFIX_NOP	0x800	// when using long indirect addressing, output NOP before actual opcode
@@ -360,20 +360,20 @@ static struct ronode	mnemo_stp_wai_tree[]	= {
 static struct ronode	mnemo_65816_tree[]	= {
 	PREDEF_START,
 	// CAUTION - these use 6502/65c02 indices, because the opcodes are the same - but I need flags for immediate mode!
-	PREDEFNODE("ldy", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_LDY | IM_INDEXREGS)),
-	PREDEFNODE("ldx", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_LDX | IM_INDEXREGS)),
-	PREDEFNODE("cpy", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_CPY | IM_INDEXREGS)),
-	PREDEFNODE("cpx", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_CPX | IM_INDEXREGS)),
-	PREDEFNODE("bit", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDXcBIT | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
+	PREDEFNODE("ldy", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_LDY | IM_REGS_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("ldx", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_LDX | IM_REGS_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("cpy", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_CPY | IM_REGS_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("cpx", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDX_CPX | IM_REGS_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("bit", MERGE(GROUP_MISC, IDXcBIT | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
 	// more addressing modes for some mnemonics:
-	PREDEFNODE("ora", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16ORA | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
-	PREDEFNODE("and", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16AND | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
-	PREDEFNODE("eor", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16EOR | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
-	PREDEFNODE("adc", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16ADC | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
+	PREDEFNODE("ora", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16ORA | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("and", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16AND | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("eor", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16EOR | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("adc", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16ADC | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
 	PREDEFNODE("sta", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16STA)),
-	PREDEFNODE("lda", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16LDA | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
-	PREDEFNODE("cmp", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16CMP | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
-	PREDEFNODE("sbc", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16SBC | IM_ACCUMULATOR)),
+	PREDEFNODE("lda", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16LDA | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("cmp", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16CMP | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
+	PREDEFNODE("sbc", MERGE(GROUP_ACCU,	IDX16SBC | IM_ACCU_LENGTH)),
 	PREDEFNODE("jmp", MERGE(GROUP_ALLJUMPS,	IDX16JMP)),
 	PREDEFNODE("jsr", MERGE(GROUP_ALLJUMPS,	IDX16JSR)),
 	// 
@@ -894,10 +894,10 @@ static unsigned int imm_ops(bits *force_bit, unsigned char opcode, bits immediat
 	case IM_FORCE16:	// currently only for 65ce02's PHW#
 		return ((unsigned int) opcode) << 8;	// opcode in bits8.15 forces two-byte argument
 
-	case IM_ACCUMULATOR:	// for 65816
+	case IM_ACCU_LENGTH:	// for 65816
 		long_register = cpu_a_is_long;
 		break;
-	case IM_INDEXREGS:	// for 65816
+	case IM_REGS_LENGTH:	// for 65816
 		long_register = cpu_xy_are_long;
 		break;
 	default:
diff --git a/src/output.c b/src/output.c
index 32c9777..078f619 100644
--- a/src/output.c
+++ b/src/output.c
@@ -39,12 +39,19 @@ struct output {
 		intval_t	max;	// highest address segment may use
 		bits		flags;	// segment flags ("overlay" and "invisible", see header file)
 		struct segment	list_head;	// head element of doubly-linked ring list
-	} segment;
+	} segment;	// FIXME - rename either this component or "struct segment"!
 	char		xor;		// output modifier
 };
 
 // for offset assembly:
-static struct pseudopc	*pseudopc_current_context;	// current struct (NULL when not in pseudopc block - FIXME, will change in future!)
+// struct to describe a pseudopc context (each label gets a pointer to this)
+struct pseudopc {
+	struct pseudopc	*outer;	// next layer (to be able to "unpseudopc" labels by more than one level)
+	intval_t	offset;	// inner minus outer pc
+	enum numtype	ntype;	// type of outer pc (INT/UNDEFINED)
+};
+static struct pseudopc	outermost_pseudopc_context;	// dummy struct when "!pseudopc" not in use
+static struct pseudopc	*pseudopc_current_context	= &outermost_pseudopc_context;	// current struct
 
 
 // variables
@@ -120,7 +127,7 @@ static void real_output(intval_t byte)
 		out->highest_written = out->write_idx;
 	// write byte and advance ptrs
 	if (report->fd)
-		report_binary(byte & 0xff);	// file for reporting, taking also CPU_2add
+		report_binary(byte & 0xff);	// file for reporting
 	out->buffer[out->write_idx++] = (byte & 0xff) ^ out->xor;
 	++statement_size;	// count this byte
 }
@@ -142,8 +149,10 @@ static void no_output(intval_t byte)
 void output_skip(int size)
 {
 	if (size < 1) {
-		// FIXME - ok for zero, but why is there no error message
+		// ok for zero, but why is there no error message
 		// output for negative values?
+		// ...because caller should have caught those!
+		// FIXME - add BUG() for those!
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -239,6 +248,7 @@ void output_createbuffer(void)
 		out->initvalue_set = TRUE;	// "!initmem" generates a warning
 		fill_value = 0xff & config.mem_init_value;
 	}
+// FIXME - move both of these to passinit(), needed in future:
 	// init output buffer (fill memory with initial value)
 	fill_completely(fill_value);
 	// init ring list of segments
@@ -273,7 +283,8 @@ static void link_segment(intval_t start, intval_t length)
 
 
 // check whether given PC is inside segment.
-// only call in first pass, otherwise too many warnings might be thrown	(TODO - still?)
+// only call in first pass, otherwise too many warnings might be thrown
+// FIXME - do it the other way round and only complain if there were no other errors!
 static void check_segment(intval_t new_pc)
 {
 	struct segment	*test_segment	= out->segment.list_head.next;
@@ -327,7 +338,12 @@ void output_passinit(void)
 	statement_size = 0;	// increase PC by this at end of statement
 
 	// pseudopc stuff:
-	pseudopc_current_context = NULL;	// FIXME - let it point to dummy struct!
+	// init dummy pseudopc struct
+	outermost_pseudopc_context.outer = NULL;
+	outermost_pseudopc_context.offset = 0;
+	outermost_pseudopc_context.ntype = NUMTYPE_UNDEFINED;
+	// and use it:
+	pseudopc_current_context = &outermost_pseudopc_context;
 
 // this was moved over from caller - does it make sense to merge into some if/else?
 
@@ -343,7 +359,7 @@ static void end_segment(void)
 {
 	intval_t	amount;
 
-	// in later passes, ignore completely
+	// in later passes, ignore completely (FIXME - change!)
 	if (!FIRST_PASS)
 		return;
 
@@ -524,12 +540,6 @@ void output_get_result(const char **ptr, intval_t *size, intval_t *loadaddr)
 
 // pseudopc stuff:
 
-// struct to describe a pseudopc context
-struct pseudopc {
-	struct pseudopc	*outer;	// next layer (to be able to "unpseudopc" labels by more than one level)
-	intval_t	offset;	// inner minus outer pc
-	enum numtype	ntype;	// type of outer pc (INT/UNDEFINED)
-};
 // start offset assembly
 void pseudopc_start(struct number *new_pc)
 {
@@ -552,16 +562,20 @@ void pseudopc_end(void)
 	program_counter = (program_counter - pseudopc_current_context->offset) & (config.outbuf_size - 1);	// pc might have wrapped around
 	pc_ntype = pseudopc_current_context->ntype;
 	pseudopc_current_context = pseudopc_current_context->outer;	// go back to outer block
+	if (pseudopc_current_context == NULL)
+		BUG("PseudoPCContext", 0);
 }
 // un-pseudopc a label value by given number of levels
 // returns nonzero on error (if level too high)
 int pseudopc_unpseudo(struct number *target, struct pseudopc *context, unsigned int levels)
 {
 	while (levels--) {
-		//if (target->ntype == NUMTYPE_UNDEFINED)
-		//	return 0;	// ok (no sense in trying to unpseudo this, and it might be an unresolved forward ref anyway)
+		if (target->ntype == NUMTYPE_UNDEFINED)
+			return 0;	// ok (no sense in trying to unpseudo this, and it might be an unresolved forward ref anyway)
 
-		if (context == NULL) {
+		if (context == NULL)
+			BUG("PseudoPCContext", 1);
+		if (context == &outermost_pseudopc_context) {
 			Throw_error("Un-pseudopc operator '&' has no !pseudopc context.");
 			return 1;	// error
 		}
@@ -571,7 +585,7 @@ int pseudopc_unpseudo(struct number *target, struct pseudopc *context, unsigned
 	}
 	return 0;	// ok
 }
-// return pointer to current "pseudopc" struct (may be NULL!)	FIXME - not anymore?
+// return pointer to current "pseudopc" struct
 // this gets called when parsing label definitions
 struct pseudopc *pseudopc_get_context(void)
 {
@@ -580,5 +594,5 @@ struct pseudopc *pseudopc_get_context(void)
 // returns nonzero if "!pseudopc" is in effect, zero otherwise
 int pseudopc_isactive(void)
 {
-	return pseudopc_current_context != NULL;	// FIXME - compare to dummy struct instead!
+	return pseudopc_current_context != &outermost_pseudopc_context;
 }
diff --git a/src/output.h b/src/output.h
index 7ed8fae..80ae80c 100644
--- a/src/output.h
+++ b/src/output.h
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ extern void pseudopc_end(void);
 // returns nonzero on error (if level too high)
 extern int pseudopc_unpseudo(struct number *target, struct pseudopc *context, unsigned int levels);
 
-// return pointer to current "pseudopc" struct (may be NULL!)
+// return pointer to current "pseudopc" struct
 // this gets called when parsing label definitions
 extern struct pseudopc *pseudopc_get_context(void);
 
diff --git a/src/version.h b/src/version.h
index be967e7..a844970 100644
--- a/src/version.h
+++ b/src/version.h
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 #define RELEASE		"0.97"		// update before release	FIXME
 #define CODENAME	"Zem"		// update before release
-#define CHANGE_DATE	"23 Feb"	// update before release	FIXME
+#define CHANGE_DATE	"24 Feb"	// update before release	FIXME
 #define CHANGE_YEAR	"2024"		// update before release
 //#define HOME_PAGE	"http://home.pages.de/~mac_bacon/smorbrod/acme/"
 #define HOME_PAGE	"http://sourceforge.net/p/acme-crossass/"	// FIXME
diff --git a/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext1.a b/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext1.a
index 170e44b..e88213f 100644
--- a/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext1.a
+++ b/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext1.a
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
-;ACME 0.96.5
-	a = &c
+	*=$1000
+label	nop
+	a = &label
diff --git a/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext2.a b/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext2.a
index a3b5dcc..e05cf65 100644
--- a/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext2.a
+++ b/testing/errors/nopseudopccontext2.a
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-;ACME 0.96.5
+	*=$1000
 	b = &*