From f4fb0cf56b7d0bd2c7884f82f5c221d3a494c5c8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FlightControl <sven.van.de.velde@telenet.be>
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 2021 19:51:57 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] One demo program for vera modes.

---
 .../cache/fragment-cache-wdc65c02.asm         |  22 +
 src/test/kc/examples/cx16/cx16-vera.c         | 755 +++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 768 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/fragment/cache/fragment-cache-wdc65c02.asm b/src/main/fragment/cache/fragment-cache-wdc65c02.asm
index 82300cda6..edbaf31bf 100644
--- a/src/main/fragment/cache/fragment-cache-wdc65c02.asm
+++ b/src/main/fragment/cache/fragment-cache-wdc65c02.asm
@@ -3477,3 +3477,25 @@ NO_SYNTHESIS
 //FRAGMENT pbuc1_derefidx_vbuaa=vbuaa
 tax
 sta {c1},x
+//FRAGMENT _deref_pwuc1=vwuz1
+lda {z1}
+sta {c1}
+lda {z1}+1
+sta {c1}+1
+//FRAGMENT _deref_pbuc1=_byte_vwuz1
+lda {z1}
+sta {c1}
+//FRAGMENT _deref_pduc1=vduz1
+lda {z1}
+sta {c1}
+lda {z1}+1
+sta {c1}+1
+lda {z1}+2
+sta {c1}+2
+lda {z1}+3
+sta {c1}+3
+//FRAGMENT _deref_pwuc1=vbuc2
+lda #0
+sta {c1}+1
+lda #<{c2}
+sta {c1}
diff --git a/src/test/kc/examples/cx16/cx16-vera.c b/src/test/kc/examples/cx16/cx16-vera.c
index dab20b955..9163428ae 100644
--- a/src/test/kc/examples/cx16/cx16-vera.c
+++ b/src/test/kc/examples/cx16/cx16-vera.c
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@
 
 void main() {
 
-    // Configure the VERA card to work in text, 16x16 mode.
-    // The color mode is here 16 colors, indicating 16x16 color mode, (16 foreground and 16 background colors).
-    vera_layer_set_text_color_mode( 1, VERA_LAYER_CONFIG_16C );
+    vera_layer_mode_text(1, 0x00000, 0x0f800, 64, 64, 8, 8, 4);
+    vera_display_set_scale_double();
+    vera_layer_show(1);
+    screenlayer(1);
 
     do {
         textcolor(WHITE);
@@ -22,18 +23,34 @@ void main() {
         clrscr();
 
         printf( "\n *** vera demo ***\n\n" );
-        printf( "1. bitmap mode - 320 x 240 - 1 bit per pixel.\n");
-        printf( "2. bitmap mode - 640 x 480 - 1 bit per pixel.\n");
-        printf( "3. bitmap mode - 320 x 240 - 2 bits per pixel.\n");
-        printf( "4. bitmap mode - 640 x 480 - 2 bits per pixel.\n");
-        printf( "5. bitmap mode - 320 x 240 - 4 bits per pixel.\n");
-        printf( "6. bitmap mode - 320 x 240 - 8 bits per pixel.\n");
+        printf( "1. bitmap - 320x240 - 1 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "2. bitmap - 640x480 - 1 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "3. bitmap - 320x240 - 2 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "4. bitmap - 640x480 - 2 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "5. bitmap - 320x240 - 4 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "6. bitmap - 320x240 - 8 bpp.\n");
+
+        printf( "\na. text - 8x8 - 1 bpp, 16c.\n");
+        printf( "b. text - 8x8 - 1 bpp, 256c.\n");
+
+        printf( "\nc. tile - 8x8 - 2 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "d. tile - 16x16 - 2 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "e. tile - 8x8 - 4 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "f. tile - 16x16 - 4 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "g. tile - 8x8 - 8 bpp.\n");
+        printf( "h. tile - 16x16 - 8 bpp.\n");
+
+        printf( "\n0. exit.\n");
 
         byte menu = 0;
         while(menu==0) {
             menu = fgetc();
         }
 
+        textcolor(WHITE);
+        bgcolor(BLACK);
+        clrscr();
+
         switch( menu ) {
             case 49:
                 bitmap_320_x_240_1BPP();
@@ -53,11 +70,37 @@ void main() {
             case 54:
                 bitmap_320_x_240_8BPP();
                 break;
+            case 65:
+                text_8_x_8_1BPP_16_color();
+                break;
+            case 66:
+                //text_8_x_8_1BPP_256_color();
+                break;
+            case 67:
+                //tile_8_x_8_2BPP_4_color();
+                break;
+            case 68:
+                //tile_16_x_16_2BPP_4_color();
+                break;
+            case 69:
+                //tile_8_x_8_4BPP_16_color();
+                break;
+            case 70:
+                //tile_16_x_16_4BPP_16_color();
+                break;
+            case 71:
+                //tile_8_x_8_8BPP_256_color();
+                break;
+            case 72:
+                //tile_16_x_16_8BPP_256_color();
+                break;
         }
 
         vera_layer_hide(0);
         memcpy_in_vram(0, 0xF800, VERA_INC_1, 1, 0xF000, VERA_INC_1, 256*8); // We copy the 128 character set of 8 bytes each.
         vera_layer_mode_tile(1, 0x00000, 0x0F800, 128, 64, 8, 8, 1);
+
+        vera_layer_mode_text(1, 0x00000, 0x0f800, 64, 64, 8, 8, 4);
         vera_layer_show(1);
 
         screenlayer(1);
@@ -69,6 +112,700 @@ void main() {
 
 }
 
+void tile_16_x_16_8BPP_256_color() {
+
+    byte tiles[256] = {
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+    };
+
+    // Before we can load the tiles into memory we need to re-arrange a few things!
+    // The amount of tiles is 256, the color depth is 256, so each tile is 256 bytes!
+    // That is 65356 bytes of memory, which is 64K. Yup! One memory bank in VRAM.
+    // VERA VRAM holds in bank 1 many registers that interfere loading all of this data.
+    // So it is better to load all in bank 0, but then there is an other issue.
+    // So the default CX16 character set is located in bank 0, at address 0xF800.
+    // So we need to move this character set to bank 1, suggested is at address 0xF000.
+    // The CX16 by default writes textual output to layer 1 in text mode, so we need to
+    // realign the moved character set to 0xf000 as the new tile base for layer 1.
+    // We also will need to realign for layer 1 the map base from 0x00000 to 0x10000.
+    // This is now all easily done with a few statements in the new kickc vera lib ...
+
+    memcpy_in_vram(1, 0xF000, VERA_INC_1, 0, 0xF800, VERA_INC_1, 256*8); // We copy the 128 character set of 8 bytes each.
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(1, 0x10000, 0x1F000, 128, 64, 8, 8, 1);
+
+    screenlayer(1);
+    textcolor(WHITE);
+    bgcolor(BLACK);
+    clrscr();
+
+    // Now we can use the full bank 0!
+    // We set the mapbase of the tile demo to output to 0x12000,
+    // and the tilebase is set to 0x0000!
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x14000, 0x00000, 64, 64, 16, 16, 8);
+
+
+    word tilebase = 0x0000;
+    memcpy_to_vram(0, tilebase, tiles, 256);
+    tilebase+=256;
+    for(byte t:1..255) {
+        for(byte p:0..255) {
+            tiles[p]+=1;
+        }
+        memcpy_to_vram(0, tilebase, tiles, 256);
+        tilebase+=256;
+    }
+
+    //vera_tile_area(byte layer, word tileindex, byte x, byte y, byte w, byte h, byte hflip, byte vflip, byte offset)
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 30, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 4, width 1, height 1, separated by 2 characters.
+    byte row = 1;
+    for(byte r:0..11) {
+        byte column = 0;
+        for(byte c:0..19) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+            column+=2;
+            tile++;
+            tile &= 0xff;
+        }
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 8 x 8, color depth 8 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 256 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors in the palette!.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 30, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    tile = 0;
+    row = 0;
+    for(byte r:0..11) {
+        byte column = 0;
+        for(byte c:0..19) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0);
+            column+=2;
+            tile++;
+            tile &= 0xff;
+        }
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
+void tile_8_x_8_8BPP_256_color() {
+
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x04000, 0x14000, 128, 128, 8, 8, 8);
+
+    byte tiles[64] = {
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00
+    };
+
+    word tilebase = 0x4000;
+    memcpy_to_vram(1, tilebase, tiles, 64);
+    tilebase+=64;
+    for(byte t:1..255) {
+        for(byte p:0..63) {
+            tiles[p]+=1;
+        }
+        memcpy_to_vram(1, tilebase, tiles, 64);
+        tilebase+=64;
+    }
+
+    //vera_tile_area(byte layer, word tileindex, byte x, byte y, byte w, byte h, byte hflip, byte vflip, byte offset)
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 80, 60, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 4, width 1, height 1, separated by 2 characters.
+    byte row = 1;
+    for(byte r:0..7) {
+        byte column = 1;
+        for(byte c:0..31) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+            column+=2;
+            tile++;
+            tile &= 0xff;
+        }
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    tile = 0;
+    row = 20;
+    for(byte r:0..7) {
+        byte column = 1;
+        for(byte c:0..31) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0);
+            column+=2;
+            tile++;
+            tile &= 0xff;
+        }
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 8 x 8, color depth 8 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 256 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors in the palette!.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
+void tile_16_x_16_4BPP_16_color() {
+
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x04000, 0x14000, 128, 128, 16, 16, 4);
+
+    byte tiles[2048] = {
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    };
+
+    memcpy_to_vram(1, 0x4000, tiles, 2048);
+
+    //vera_tile_area(byte layer, word tileindex, byte x, byte y, byte w, byte h, byte hflip, byte vflip, byte offset)
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 30, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 4, width 1, height 1, separated by 2 characters.
+    tile = 0;
+    byte column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=4;
+        tile++;
+    }
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 3, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=4;
+        tile++;
+    }
+
+    tile = 0;
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 5, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=4;
+        tile++;
+    }
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 9, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=4;
+        tile++;
+    }
+
+    tile = 0;
+    byte offset = 0;
+
+    byte row = 13;
+
+    for(byte r:0..7) {
+        byte column = 1;
+        for(byte c:0..31) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 1, 1, 0, 0, offset);
+            column+=1;
+            tile++;
+            if((c & 0x0f) == 0x0f) offset++;
+            tile &= 0x0f;
+        }
+        row += 1;
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 16 x 16, color depth 4 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 16 pixels wide and 16 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 16 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors in the palette!.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
+void tile_8_x_8_4BPP_16_color() {
+
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x04000, 0x14000, 128, 128, 8, 8, 4);
+
+    byte tiles[512] = {
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x11,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x33,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x66,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x77,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,0xBB,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,0xCC,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,0xDD,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,0xEE,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    };
+
+    memcpy_to_vram(1, 0x4000, tiles, 512);
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 80, 60, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 4, width 1, height 1, separated by 2 characters.
+    tile = 0;
+    byte column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=8;
+        tile++;
+    }
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 3, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=8;
+        tile++;
+    }
+
+    tile = 0;
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=8;
+        tile++;
+    }
+    column = 1;
+    for(byte c:0..7) {
+        vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, 12, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0);
+        column+=8;
+        tile++;
+    }
+
+    tile = 0;
+    byte offset = 0;
+
+    byte row = 20;
+
+    for(byte r:0..7) {
+        byte column = 1;
+        for(byte c:0..31) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 2, 2, 0, 0, offset);
+            column+=2;
+            tile++;
+            if((c & 0x0f) == 0x0f) offset++;
+            tile &= 0x0f;
+        }
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 8 x 8, color depth 4 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 16 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors in the palette!.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
+void tile_16_x_16_2BPP_4_color() {
+
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x04000, 0x14000, 128, 128, 16, 16, 2);
+
+    byte tiles[256] = {
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+        0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
+    };
+
+    memcpy_to_vram(1, 0x4000, tiles, 256);
+
+    //vera_tile_area(byte layer, word tileindex, byte x, byte y, byte w, byte h, byte hflip, byte vflip, byte offset)
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 40, 30, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 4, width 1, height 1, separated by 2 characters.
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 4, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 1, 10, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 2, 16, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 3, 22, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, starting from row 6, width 4, height 4, separated by 2 characters.
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 4, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 1, 10, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 2, 16, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 3, 22, 4, 4, 4, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+    byte offset = 0;
+
+    byte row = 10;
+
+    for(byte r:0..3) {
+        byte column = 4;
+        for(byte c:0..16) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 1, 1, 0, 0, offset);
+            column+=2;
+            offset++;
+        }
+        tile++;
+        tile &= 0x3;
+        row += 2;
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 8 x 8, color depth 2 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 4 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors, and only the first 4 colors\n");
+    printf("can be used per offset!\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+void tile_8_x_8_2BPP_4_color() {
+
+    vera_layer_mode_tile(0, 0x04000, 0x14000, 128, 128, 8, 8, 2);
+
+    byte tiles[64] = {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
+                     0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,
+                     0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,0xAA,
+                     0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF};
+
+    byte map[16] =  {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x02,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x03,0x00};
+
+    memcpy_to_vram(1, 0x4000, tiles, 64);
+
+    //vera_tile_area(byte layer, word tileindex, byte x, byte y, byte w, byte h, byte hflip, byte vflip, byte offset)
+
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 0, 0, 80, 60, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    // Draw 4 squares with each tile, staring from row 2, width 10, height 10, separated by 2 characters.
+    vera_tile_area(0, 0, 4, 4, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 1, 16, 4, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 2, 28, 4, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0);
+    vera_tile_area(0, 3, 40, 4, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0);
+
+    word tile = 0;
+    byte offset = 0;
+
+    byte row = 22;
+
+    for(byte r:0..3) {
+        byte column = 4;
+        for(byte c:0..15) {
+            vera_tile_area(0, tile, column, row, 3, 3, 0, 0, offset);
+            column+=4;
+            offset++;
+        }
+        tile++;
+        tile &= 0x3;
+        row += 4;
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(0);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    printf("vera in tile mode 8 x 8, color depth 2 bits per pixel.\n");
+
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each tile can have a variation of 4 colors.\n");
+    printf("the vera palette of 256 colors, can be used by setting the palette\n");
+    printf("offset for each tile.\n");
+    printf("here each column is displaying the same tile, but with different offsets!\n");
+    printf("each offset aligns to multiples of 16 colors, and only the first 4 colors\n");
+    printf("can be used per offset!\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
+void text_8_x_8_1BPP_256_color() {
+
+    // Configure the VERA card to work in text, 256 mode.
+   // The color mode is here 256 colors, (256 foreground on a black transparent background).
+     vera_layer_mode_text( 1, 0x00000, 0x0F800, 128, 128, 8, 8, 256 );
+
+    // or you can use the below statement, but that includes setting a "mode", including
+    // layer, map base address, tile base address, map width, map height, tile width, tile height, color mode.
+    //vera_layer_mode_text(1, 0x00000, 0x0F800, 128, 128, 8, 8, 256);
+
+    for(byte c:0..255) {
+        textcolor(c);
+        printf(" ****** ");
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(1);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    textcolor(WHITE);
+    bgcolor(BLACK);
+    printf("vera in text mode 8 x 8, color depth 1 bits per pixel.\n");
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each character can have a variation of 256 foreground colors.\n");
+    printf("here we display 6 stars (******) each with a different color.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+    printf("in this mode, the background color cannot be set and is always transparent.\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+void text_8_x_8_1BPP_16_color() {
+
+    // Configure the VERA card to work in text, 16x16 mode.
+    // The color mode is here 16 colors, indicating 16x16 color mode, (16 foreground and 16 background colors).
+    vera_layer_set_text_color_mode( 1, VERA_LAYER_CONFIG_16C );
+
+    // or you can use the below statement, but that includes setting a "mode", including
+    // layer, map base address, tile base address, map width, map height, tile width, tile height, color mode.
+    //vera_layer_mode_text(1, 0x00000, 0x0F800, 128, 128, 8, 8, 16);
+
+    for(byte c:0..255) {
+        bgcolor(c);
+        printf(" ****** ");
+    }
+
+    vera_layer_show(1);
+
+    gotoxy(0,50);
+    textcolor(WHITE);
+    bgcolor(BLACK);
+    printf("vera in text mode 8 x 8, color depth 1 bits per pixel.\n");
+    printf("in this mode, tiles are 8 pixels wide and 8 pixels tall.\n");
+    printf("each character can have a variation of 16 foreground colors and 16 background colors.\n");
+    printf("here we display 6 stars (******) each with a different color.\n");
+    printf("however, the first color will always be transparent (black).\n");
+    printf("in this mode, the background color cannot be set and is always transparent.\n");
+
+    while(!fgetc());
+}
+
+
 void bitmap_320_x_240_1BPP() {
 
     // Before we configure the bitmap pane into vera  memory we need to re-arrange a few things!