//===- DSGraph.h - Represent a collection of data structures ----*- C++ -*-===//
//
// This header defines the primative classes that make up a data structure
// graph.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef LLVM_ANALYSIS_DSGRAPH_H
#define LLVM_ANALYSIS_DSGRAPH_H

#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <functional>
#include <string>

class Function;
class CallInst;
class Value;
class GlobalValue;
class Type;

class DSNode;                  // Each node in the graph
class DSGraph;                 // A graph for a function
class DSNodeIterator;          // Data structure graph traversal iterator


//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
/// DSNodeHandle - Implement a "handle" to a data structure node that takes care
/// of all of the add/un'refing of the node to prevent the backpointers in the
/// graph from getting out of date.  This class represents a "pointer" in the
/// graph, whose destination is an indexed offset into a node.
///
class DSNodeHandle {
  DSNode *N;
  unsigned Offset;
public:
  // Allow construction, destruction, and assignment...
  DSNodeHandle(DSNode *n = 0, unsigned offs = 0) : N(0), Offset(offs) {
    setNode(n);
  }
  DSNodeHandle(const DSNodeHandle &H) : N(0), Offset(H.Offset) { setNode(H.N); }
  ~DSNodeHandle() { setNode((DSNode*)0); }
  DSNodeHandle &operator=(const DSNodeHandle &H) {
    setNode(H.N); Offset = H.Offset;
    return *this;
  }

  bool operator<(const DSNodeHandle &H) const {  // Allow sorting
    return N < H.N || (N == H.N && Offset < H.Offset);
  }
  bool operator>(const DSNodeHandle &H) const { return H < *this; }
  bool operator==(const DSNodeHandle &H) const { // Allow comparison
    return N == H.N && Offset == H.Offset;
  }
  bool operator!=(const DSNodeHandle &H) const { return !operator==(H); }

  // Allow explicit conversion to DSNode...
  DSNode *getNode() const { return N; }
  unsigned getOffset() const { return Offset; }

  inline void setNode(DSNode *N);  // Defined inline later...
  void setOffset(unsigned O) { Offset = O; }

  void addEdgeTo(unsigned LinkNo, const DSNodeHandle &N);
  void addEdgeTo(const DSNodeHandle &N) { addEdgeTo(0, N); }

  /// mergeWith - Merge the logical node pointed to by 'this' with the node
  /// pointed to by 'N'.
  ///
  void mergeWith(const DSNodeHandle &N);

  // hasLink - Return true if there is a link at the specified offset...
  inline bool hasLink(unsigned Num) const;

  /// getLink - Treat this current node pointer as a pointer to a structure of
  /// some sort.  This method will return the pointer a mem[this+Num]
  ///
  inline const DSNodeHandle *getLink(unsigned Num) const;
  inline DSNodeHandle *getLink(unsigned Num);

  inline void setLink(unsigned Num, const DSNodeHandle &NH);
};


//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
/// DSNode - Data structure node class
///
/// This class represents an untyped memory object of Size bytes.  It keeps
/// track of any pointers that have been stored into the object as well as the
/// different types represented in this object.
///
class DSNode {
  /// Links - Contains one entry for every _distinct_ pointer field in the
  /// memory block.  These are demand allocated and indexed by the MergeMap
  /// vector.
  ///
  std::vector<DSNodeHandle> Links;

  /// MergeMap - Maps from every byte in the object to a signed byte number.
  /// This map is neccesary due to the merging that is possible as part of the
  /// unification algorithm.  To merge two distinct bytes of the object together
  /// into a single logical byte, the indexes for the two bytes are set to the
  /// same value.  This fully general merging is capable of representing all
  /// manners of array merging if neccesary.
  ///
  /// This map is also used to map outgoing pointers to various byte offsets in
  /// this data structure node.  If this value is >= 0, then it indicates that
  /// the numbered entry in the Links vector contains the outgoing edge for this
  /// byte offset.  In this way, the Links vector can be demand allocated and
  /// byte elements of the node may be merged without needing a Link allocated
  /// for it.
  ///
  /// Initially, each each element of the MergeMap is assigned a unique negative
  /// number, which are then merged as the unification occurs.
  ///
  std::vector<signed char> MergeMap;

  /// Referrers - Keep track of all of the node handles that point to this
  /// DSNode.  These pointers may need to be updated to point to a different
  /// node if this node gets merged with it.
  ///
  std::vector<DSNodeHandle*> Referrers;

  /// TypeRec - This structure is used to represent a single type that is held
  /// in a DSNode.
  struct TypeRec {
    const Type *Ty;                 // The type itself...
    unsigned Offset;                // The offset in the node
    bool isArray;                   // Have we accessed an array of elements?

    TypeRec() : Ty(0), Offset(0), isArray(false) {}
    TypeRec(const Type *T, unsigned O) : Ty(T), Offset(O), isArray(false) {}

    bool operator<(const TypeRec &TR) const {
      // Sort first by offset!
      return Offset < TR.Offset || (Offset == TR.Offset && Ty < TR.Ty);
    }
    bool operator==(const TypeRec &TR) const {
      return Ty == TR.Ty && Offset == TR.Offset;
    }
    bool operator!=(const TypeRec &TR) const { return !operator==(TR); }
  };

  /// TypeEntries - As part of the merging process of this algorithm, nodes of
  /// different types can be represented by this single DSNode.  This vector is
  /// kept sorted.
  ///
  std::vector<TypeRec> TypeEntries;

  /// Globals - The list of global values that are merged into this node.
  ///
  std::vector<GlobalValue*> Globals;

  void operator=(const DSNode &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
public:
  enum NodeTy {
    ShadowNode = 0,        // Nothing is known about this node...
    ScalarNode = 1 << 0,   // Scalar of the current function contains this value
    AllocaNode = 1 << 1,   // This node was allocated with alloca
    NewNode    = 1 << 2,   // This node was allocated with malloc
    GlobalNode = 1 << 3,   // This node was allocated by a global var decl
    Incomplete = 1 << 4,   // This node may not be complete
    Modified   = 1 << 5,   // This node is modified in this context
    Read       = 1 << 6,   // This node is read in this context
  };
  
  /// NodeType - A union of the above bits.  "Shadow" nodes do not add any flags
  /// to the nodes in the data structure graph, so it is possible to have nodes
  /// with a value of 0 for their NodeType.  Scalar and Alloca markers go away
  /// when function graphs are inlined.
  ///
  unsigned char NodeType;

  DSNode(enum NodeTy NT, const Type *T);
  DSNode(const DSNode &);

  ~DSNode() {
#ifndef NDEBUG
    dropAllReferences();  // Only needed to satisfy assertion checks...
    assert(Referrers.empty() && "Referrers to dead node exist!");
#endif
  }

  // Iterator for graph interface...
  typedef DSNodeIterator iterator;
  typedef DSNodeIterator const_iterator;
  inline iterator begin() const;   // Defined in DSGraphTraits.h
  inline iterator end() const;

  //===--------------------------------------------------
  // Accessors

  /// getSize - Return the maximum number of bytes occupied by this object...
  ///
  unsigned getSize() const { return MergeMap.size(); }

  // getTypeEntries - Return the possible types and their offsets in this object
  const std::vector<TypeRec> &getTypeEntries() const { return TypeEntries; }

  /// getReferrers - Return a list of the pointers to this node...
  ///
  const std::vector<DSNodeHandle*> &getReferrers() const { return Referrers; }

  /// isModified - Return true if this node may be modified in this context
  ///
  bool isModified() const { return (NodeType & Modified) != 0; }

  /// isRead - Return true if this node may be read in this context
  ///
  bool isRead() const { return (NodeType & Read) != 0; }


  /// hasLink - Return true if this memory object has a link at the specified
  /// location.
  ///
  bool hasLink(unsigned i) const {
    assert(i < getSize() && "Field Link index is out of range!");
    return MergeMap[i] >= 0;
  }

  DSNodeHandle *getLink(unsigned i) {
    if (hasLink(i))
      return &Links[MergeMap[i]];
    return 0;
  }
  const DSNodeHandle *getLink(unsigned i) const {
    if (hasLink(i))
      return &Links[MergeMap[i]];
    return 0;
  }

  int getMergeMapLabel(unsigned i) const {
    assert(i < MergeMap.size() && "MergeMap index out of range!");
    return MergeMap[i];
  }

  /// setLink - Set the link at the specified offset to the specified
  /// NodeHandle, replacing what was there.  It is uncommon to use this method,
  /// instead one of the higher level methods should be used, below.
  ///
  void setLink(unsigned i, const DSNodeHandle &NH);

  /// addEdgeTo - Add an edge from the current node to the specified node.  This
  /// can cause merging of nodes in the graph.
  ///
  void addEdgeTo(unsigned Offset, const DSNodeHandle &NH);

  /// mergeWith - Merge this node and the specified node, moving all links to
  /// and from the argument node into the current node, deleting the node
  /// argument.  Offset indicates what offset the specified node is to be merged
  /// into the current node.
  ///
  /// The specified node may be a null pointer (in which case, nothing happens).
  ///
  void mergeWith(const DSNodeHandle &NH, unsigned Offset);

  /// mergeIndexes - If we discover that two indexes are equivalent and must be
  /// merged, this function is used to do the dirty work.
  ///
  void mergeIndexes(unsigned idx1, unsigned idx2) {
    assert(idx1 < getSize() && idx2 < getSize() && "Indexes out of range!");
    signed char MV1 = MergeMap[idx1];
    signed char MV2 = MergeMap[idx2];
    if (MV1 != MV2)
      mergeMappedValues(MV1, MV2);
  }


  /// addGlobal - Add an entry for a global value to the Globals list.  This
  /// also marks the node with the 'G' flag if it does not already have it.
  ///
  void addGlobal(GlobalValue *GV);
  const std::vector<GlobalValue*> &getGlobals() const { return Globals; }
  std::vector<GlobalValue*> &getGlobals() { return Globals; }

  void print(std::ostream &O, const DSGraph *G) const;
  void dump() const;

  void dropAllReferences() {
    Links.clear();
  }

  /// remapLinks - Change all of the Links in the current node according to the
  /// specified mapping.
  void remapLinks(std::map<const DSNode*, DSNode*> &OldNodeMap);

private:
  friend class DSNodeHandle;
  // addReferrer - Keep the referrer set up to date...
  void addReferrer(DSNodeHandle *H) { Referrers.push_back(H); }
  void removeReferrer(DSNodeHandle *H);

  /// rewriteMergeMap - Loop over the mergemap, replacing any references to the
  /// index From to be references to the index To.
  ///
  void rewriteMergeMap(signed char From, signed char To) {
    assert(From != To && "Cannot change something into itself!");
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = MergeMap.size(); i != e; ++i)
      if (MergeMap[i] == From)
        MergeMap[i] = To;
  }

  /// mergeMappedValues - This is the higher level form of rewriteMergeMap.  It
  /// is fully capable of merging links together if neccesary as well as simply
  /// rewriting the map entries.
  ///
  void mergeMappedValues(signed char V1, signed char V2);
};


//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Define inline DSNodeHandle functions that depend on the definition of DSNode
//

inline void DSNodeHandle::setNode(DSNode *n) {
  if (N) N->removeReferrer(this);
  N = n;
  if (N) N->addReferrer(this);
}

inline bool DSNodeHandle::hasLink(unsigned Num) const {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  return N->hasLink(Num+Offset);
}


/// getLink - Treat this current node pointer as a pointer to a structure of
/// some sort.  This method will return the pointer a mem[this+Num]
///
inline const DSNodeHandle *DSNodeHandle::getLink(unsigned Num) const {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  return N->getLink(Num+Offset);
}
inline DSNodeHandle *DSNodeHandle::getLink(unsigned Num) {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  return N->getLink(Num+Offset);
}

inline void DSNodeHandle::setLink(unsigned Num, const DSNodeHandle &NH) {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  N->setLink(Num+Offset, NH);
}

///  addEdgeTo - Add an edge from the current node to the specified node.  This
/// can cause merging of nodes in the graph.
///
inline void DSNodeHandle::addEdgeTo(unsigned LinkNo, const DSNodeHandle &Node) {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  N->addEdgeTo(LinkNo+Offset, Node);
}

/// mergeWith - Merge the logical node pointed to by 'this' with the node
/// pointed to by 'N'.
///
inline void DSNodeHandle::mergeWith(const DSNodeHandle &Node) {
  assert(N && "DSNodeHandle does not point to a node yet!");
  N->mergeWith(Node, Offset);
}


//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
/// DSCallSite - Representation of a call site via its call instruction,
/// the DSNode handle for the callee function (or function pointer), and
/// the DSNode handles for the function arguments.
///
/// One unusual aspect of this callsite record is the ResolvingCaller member.
/// If this is non-null, then it indicates the function that allowed a call-site
/// to finally be resolved.  Because of indirect calls, this function may not
/// actually be the function that contains the Call instruction itself.  This is
/// used by the BU and TD passes to communicate.
/// 
class DSCallSite {
  CallInst    *Inst;                    // Actual call site
  DSNodeHandle RetVal;                  // Returned value
  DSNodeHandle Callee;                  // The function node called
  std::vector<DSNodeHandle> CallArgs;   // The pointer arguments
  Function    *ResolvingCaller;         // See comments above

  static void InitNH(DSNodeHandle &NH, const DSNodeHandle &Src,
                     const std::map<const DSNode*, DSNode*> &NodeMap) {
    if (DSNode *N = Src.getNode()) {
      std::map<const DSNode*, DSNode*>::const_iterator I = NodeMap.find(N);
      assert(I != NodeMap.end() && "Not not in mapping!");

      NH.setOffset(Src.getOffset());
      NH.setNode(I->second);
    }
  }

  static void InitNH(DSNodeHandle &NH, const DSNodeHandle &Src,
                     const std::map<const DSNode*, DSNodeHandle> &NodeMap) {
    if (DSNode *N = Src.getNode()) {
      std::map<const DSNode*, DSNodeHandle>::const_iterator I = NodeMap.find(N);
      assert(I != NodeMap.end() && "Not not in mapping!");

      NH.setOffset(Src.getOffset()+I->second.getOffset());
      NH.setNode(I->second.getNode());
    }
  }

  DSCallSite();                         // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
public:
  /// Constructor.  Note - This ctor destroys the argument vector passed in.  On
  /// exit, the argument vector is empty.
  ///
  DSCallSite(CallInst &inst, const DSNodeHandle &rv, const DSNodeHandle &callee,
             std::vector<DSNodeHandle> &Args)
    : Inst(&inst), RetVal(rv), Callee(callee), ResolvingCaller(0) {
    Args.swap(CallArgs);
  }

  DSCallSite(const DSCallSite &DSCS)   // Simple copy ctor
    : Inst(DSCS.Inst), RetVal(DSCS.RetVal),
      Callee(DSCS.Callee), CallArgs(DSCS.CallArgs),
      ResolvingCaller(DSCS.ResolvingCaller) {}

  /// Mapping copy constructor - This constructor takes a preexisting call site
  /// to copy plus a map that specifies how the links should be transformed.
  /// This is useful when moving a call site from one graph to another.
  ///
  template<typename MapTy>
  DSCallSite(const DSCallSite &FromCall, const MapTy &NodeMap) {
    Inst = FromCall.Inst;
    InitNH(RetVal, FromCall.RetVal, NodeMap);
    InitNH(Callee, FromCall.Callee, NodeMap);

    CallArgs.resize(FromCall.CallArgs.size());
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = FromCall.CallArgs.size(); i != e; ++i)
      InitNH(CallArgs[i], FromCall.CallArgs[i], NodeMap);
    ResolvingCaller = FromCall.ResolvingCaller;
  }

  // Accessor functions...
  Function           &getCaller()     const;
  CallInst           &getCallInst()   const { return *Inst; }
        DSNodeHandle &getRetVal()           { return RetVal; }
        DSNodeHandle &getCallee()           { return Callee; }
  const DSNodeHandle &getRetVal()     const { return RetVal; }
  const DSNodeHandle &getCallee()     const { return Callee; }
  void setCallee(const DSNodeHandle &H) { Callee = H; }

  unsigned            getNumPtrArgs() const { return CallArgs.size(); }

  Function           *getResolvingCaller() const { return ResolvingCaller; }
  void setResolvingCaller(Function *F) { ResolvingCaller = F; }

  DSNodeHandle &getPtrArg(unsigned i) {
    assert(i < CallArgs.size() && "Argument to getPtrArgNode is out of range!");
    return CallArgs[i];
  }
  const DSNodeHandle &getPtrArg(unsigned i) const {
    assert(i < CallArgs.size() && "Argument to getPtrArgNode is out of range!");
    return CallArgs[i];
  }

  bool operator<(const DSCallSite &CS) const {
    if (RetVal < CS.RetVal) return true;
    if (RetVal > CS.RetVal) return false;
    if (Callee < CS.Callee) return true;
    if (Callee > CS.Callee) return false;
    return CallArgs < CS.CallArgs;
  }

  bool operator==(const DSCallSite &CS) const {
    return RetVal == CS.RetVal && Callee == CS.Callee &&
           CallArgs == CS.CallArgs;
  }
};


//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
/// DSGraph - The graph that represents a function.
///
class DSGraph {
  Function *Func;
  std::vector<DSNode*> Nodes;
  DSNodeHandle RetNode;                          // Node that gets returned...
  std::map<Value*, DSNodeHandle> ValueMap;

#if 0
  // GlobalsGraph -- Reference to the common graph of globally visible objects.
  // This includes GlobalValues, New nodes, Cast nodes, and Calls.
  // 
  GlobalDSGraph* GlobalsGraph;
#endif

  // FunctionCalls - This vector maintains a single entry for each call
  // instruction in the current graph.  Each call entry contains DSNodeHandles
  // that refer to the arguments that are passed into the function call.  The
  // first entry in the vector is the scalar that holds the return value for the
  // call, the second is the function scalar being invoked, and the rest are
  // pointer arguments to the function.
  //
  std::vector<DSCallSite> FunctionCalls;

  void operator=(const DSGraph &); // DO NOT IMPLEMENT
public:
  DSGraph() : Func(0) {}           // Create a new, empty, DSGraph.
  DSGraph(Function &F);            // Compute the local DSGraph

  // Copy ctor - If you want to capture the node mapping between the source and
  // destination graph, you may optionally do this by specifying a map to record
  // this into.
  DSGraph(const DSGraph &DSG);
  DSGraph(const DSGraph &DSG, std::map<const DSNode*, DSNode*> &BUNodeMap);
  ~DSGraph();

  bool hasFunction() const { return Func != 0; }
  Function &getFunction() const { return *Func; }

  /// getNodes - Get a vector of all the nodes in the graph
  /// 
  const std::vector<DSNode*> &getNodes() const { return Nodes; }
        std::vector<DSNode*> &getNodes()       { return Nodes; }

  /// addNode - Add a new node to the graph.
  ///
  void addNode(DSNode *N) { Nodes.push_back(N); }

  /// getValueMap - Get a map that describes what the nodes the scalars in this
  /// function point to...
  ///
  std::map<Value*, DSNodeHandle> &getValueMap() { return ValueMap; }
  const std::map<Value*, DSNodeHandle> &getValueMap() const { return ValueMap;}

  std::vector<DSCallSite> &getFunctionCalls() {
    return FunctionCalls;
  }
  const std::vector<DSCallSite> &getFunctionCalls() const {
    return FunctionCalls;
  }

  /// getNodeForValue - Given a value that is used or defined in the body of the
  /// current function, return the DSNode that it points to.
  ///
  DSNodeHandle &getNodeForValue(Value *V) { return ValueMap[V]; }

  const DSNodeHandle &getRetNode() const { return RetNode; }
        DSNodeHandle &getRetNode()       { return RetNode; }

  unsigned getGraphSize() const {
    return Nodes.size();
  }

  void print(std::ostream &O) const;
  void dump() const;
  void writeGraphToFile(std::ostream &O, const std::string &GraphName) const;

  // maskNodeTypes - Apply a mask to all of the node types in the graph.  This
  // is useful for clearing out markers like Scalar or Incomplete.
  //
  void maskNodeTypes(unsigned char Mask);
  void maskIncompleteMarkers() { maskNodeTypes(~DSNode::Incomplete); }

  // markIncompleteNodes - Traverse the graph, identifying nodes that may be
  // modified by other functions that have not been resolved yet.  This marks
  // nodes that are reachable through three sources of "unknownness":
  //   Global Variables, Function Calls, and Incoming Arguments
  //
  // For any node that may have unknown components (because something outside
  // the scope of current analysis may have modified it), the 'Incomplete' flag
  // is added to the NodeType.
  //
  void markIncompleteNodes(bool markFormalArgs = true);

  // removeTriviallyDeadNodes - After the graph has been constructed, this
  // method removes all unreachable nodes that are created because they got
  // merged with other nodes in the graph.
  //
  void removeTriviallyDeadNodes(bool KeepAllGlobals = false);

  // removeDeadNodes - Use a more powerful reachability analysis to eliminate
  // subgraphs that are unreachable.  This often occurs because the data
  // structure doesn't "escape" into it's caller, and thus should be eliminated
  // from the caller's graph entirely.  This is only appropriate to use when
  // inlining graphs.
  //
  void removeDeadNodes(bool KeepAllGlobals = false, bool KeepCalls = true);

  // cloneInto - Clone the specified DSGraph into the current graph, returning
  // the Return node of the graph.  The translated ValueMap for the old function
  // is filled into the OldValMap member.
  // If StripScalars (StripAllocas) is set to true, Scalar (Alloca) markers
  // are removed from the graph as the graph is being cloned.
  //
  DSNodeHandle cloneInto(const DSGraph &G,
                         std::map<Value*, DSNodeHandle> &OldValMap,
                         std::map<const DSNode*, DSNode*> &OldNodeMap,
                         bool StripScalars = false, bool StripAllocas = false);

#if 0
  // cloneGlobalInto - Clone the given global node (or the node for the given
  // GlobalValue) from the GlobalsGraph and all its target links (recursively).
  // 
  DSNode* cloneGlobalInto(const DSNode* GNode);
  DSNode* cloneGlobalInto(GlobalValue* GV) {
    assert(!GV || (((DSGraph*) GlobalsGraph)->ValueMap[GV] != 0));
    return GV? cloneGlobalInto(((DSGraph*) GlobalsGraph)->ValueMap[GV]) : 0;
  }
#endif

private:
  bool isNodeDead(DSNode *N);
};

#endif