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llvm-6502/lib/Analysis/IPA/GlobalsModRef.cpp
Mehdi Amini 529919ff31 DataLayout is mandatory, update the API to reflect it with references. 
Summary:
Now that the DataLayout is a mandatory part of the module, let's start
cleaning the codebase. This patch is a first attempt at doing that.

This patch is not exactly NFC as for instance some places were passing
a nullptr instead of the DataLayout, possibly just because there was a
default value on the DataLayout argument to many functions in the API.
Even though it is not purely NFC, there is no change in the
validation.

I turned as many pointer to DataLayout to references, this helped
figuring out all the places where a nullptr could come up.

I had initially a local version of this patch broken into over 30
independant, commits but some later commit were cleaning the API and
touching part of the code modified in the previous commits, so it
seemed cleaner without the intermediate state.

Test Plan:

Reviewers: echristo

Subscribers: llvm-commits

From: Mehdi Amini <mehdi.amini@apple.com>

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk@231740 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8
2015-03-10 02:37:25 +00:00

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//===- GlobalsModRef.cpp - Simple Mod/Ref Analysis for Globals ------------===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This simple pass provides alias and mod/ref information for global values
// that do not have their address taken, and keeps track of whether functions
// read or write memory (are "pure"). For this simple (but very common) case,
// we can provide pretty accurate and useful information.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "llvm/Analysis/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SCCIterator.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/AliasAnalysis.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/ValueTracking.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include <set>
using namespace llvm;
#define DEBUG_TYPE "globalsmodref-aa"
STATISTIC(NumNonAddrTakenGlobalVars,
"Number of global vars without address taken");
STATISTIC(NumNonAddrTakenFunctions,"Number of functions without address taken");
STATISTIC(NumNoMemFunctions, "Number of functions that do not access memory");
STATISTIC(NumReadMemFunctions, "Number of functions that only read memory");
STATISTIC(NumIndirectGlobalVars, "Number of indirect global objects");
namespace {
/// FunctionRecord - One instance of this structure is stored for every
/// function in the program. Later, the entries for these functions are
/// removed if the function is found to call an external function (in which
/// case we know nothing about it.
struct FunctionRecord {
/// GlobalInfo - Maintain mod/ref info for all of the globals without
/// addresses taken that are read or written (transitively) by this
/// function.
std::map<const GlobalValue*, unsigned> GlobalInfo;
/// MayReadAnyGlobal - May read global variables, but it is not known which.
bool MayReadAnyGlobal;
unsigned getInfoForGlobal(const GlobalValue *GV) const {
unsigned Effect = MayReadAnyGlobal ? AliasAnalysis::Ref : 0;
std::map<const GlobalValue*, unsigned>::const_iterator I =
GlobalInfo.find(GV);
if (I != GlobalInfo.end())
Effect |= I->second;
return Effect;
}
/// FunctionEffect - Capture whether or not this function reads or writes to
/// ANY memory. If not, we can do a lot of aggressive analysis on it.
unsigned FunctionEffect;
FunctionRecord() : MayReadAnyGlobal (false), FunctionEffect(0) {}
};
/// GlobalsModRef - The actual analysis pass.
class GlobalsModRef : public ModulePass, public AliasAnalysis {
/// NonAddressTakenGlobals - The globals that do not have their addresses
/// taken.
std::set<const GlobalValue*> NonAddressTakenGlobals;
/// IndirectGlobals - The memory pointed to by this global is known to be
/// 'owned' by the global.
std::set<const GlobalValue*> IndirectGlobals;
/// AllocsForIndirectGlobals - If an instruction allocates memory for an
/// indirect global, this map indicates which one.
std::map<const Value*, const GlobalValue*> AllocsForIndirectGlobals;
/// FunctionInfo - For each function, keep track of what globals are
/// modified or read.
std::map<const Function*, FunctionRecord> FunctionInfo;
public:
static char ID;
GlobalsModRef() : ModulePass(ID) {
initializeGlobalsModRefPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}
bool runOnModule(Module &M) override {
InitializeAliasAnalysis(this, &M.getDataLayout());
// Find non-addr taken globals.
AnalyzeGlobals(M);
// Propagate on CG.
AnalyzeCallGraph(getAnalysis<CallGraphWrapperPass>().getCallGraph(), M);
return false;
}
void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
AliasAnalysis::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
AU.addRequired<CallGraphWrapperPass>();
AU.setPreservesAll(); // Does not transform code
}
//------------------------------------------------
// Implement the AliasAnalysis API
//
AliasResult alias(const Location &LocA, const Location &LocB) override;
ModRefResult getModRefInfo(ImmutableCallSite CS,
const Location &Loc) override;
ModRefResult getModRefInfo(ImmutableCallSite CS1,
ImmutableCallSite CS2) override {
return AliasAnalysis::getModRefInfo(CS1, CS2);
}
/// getModRefBehavior - Return the behavior of the specified function if
/// called from the specified call site. The call site may be null in which
/// case the most generic behavior of this function should be returned.
ModRefBehavior getModRefBehavior(const Function *F) override {
ModRefBehavior Min = UnknownModRefBehavior;
if (FunctionRecord *FR = getFunctionInfo(F)) {
if (FR->FunctionEffect == 0)
Min = DoesNotAccessMemory;
else if ((FR->FunctionEffect & Mod) == 0)
Min = OnlyReadsMemory;
}
return ModRefBehavior(AliasAnalysis::getModRefBehavior(F) & Min);
}
/// getModRefBehavior - Return the behavior of the specified function if
/// called from the specified call site. The call site may be null in which
/// case the most generic behavior of this function should be returned.
ModRefBehavior getModRefBehavior(ImmutableCallSite CS) override {
ModRefBehavior Min = UnknownModRefBehavior;
if (const Function* F = CS.getCalledFunction())
if (FunctionRecord *FR = getFunctionInfo(F)) {
if (FR->FunctionEffect == 0)
Min = DoesNotAccessMemory;
else if ((FR->FunctionEffect & Mod) == 0)
Min = OnlyReadsMemory;
}
return ModRefBehavior(AliasAnalysis::getModRefBehavior(CS) & Min);
}
void deleteValue(Value *V) override;
void copyValue(Value *From, Value *To) override;
void addEscapingUse(Use &U) override;
/// getAdjustedAnalysisPointer - This method is used when a pass implements
/// an analysis interface through multiple inheritance. If needed, it
/// should override this to adjust the this pointer as needed for the
/// specified pass info.
void *getAdjustedAnalysisPointer(AnalysisID PI) override {
if (PI == &AliasAnalysis::ID)
return (AliasAnalysis*)this;
return this;
}
private:
/// getFunctionInfo - Return the function info for the function, or null if
/// we don't have anything useful to say about it.
FunctionRecord *getFunctionInfo(const Function *F) {
std::map<const Function*, FunctionRecord>::iterator I =
FunctionInfo.find(F);
if (I != FunctionInfo.end())
return &I->second;
return nullptr;
}
void AnalyzeGlobals(Module &M);
void AnalyzeCallGraph(CallGraph &CG, Module &M);
bool AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(Value *V, std::vector<Function*> &Readers,
std::vector<Function*> &Writers,
GlobalValue *OkayStoreDest = nullptr);
bool AnalyzeIndirectGlobalMemory(GlobalValue *GV);
};
}
char GlobalsModRef::ID = 0;
INITIALIZE_AG_PASS_BEGIN(GlobalsModRef, AliasAnalysis,
"globalsmodref-aa", "Simple mod/ref analysis for globals",
false, true, false)
INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(CallGraphWrapperPass)
INITIALIZE_AG_PASS_END(GlobalsModRef, AliasAnalysis,
"globalsmodref-aa", "Simple mod/ref analysis for globals",
false, true, false)
Pass *llvm::createGlobalsModRefPass() { return new GlobalsModRef(); }
/// AnalyzeGlobals - Scan through the users of all of the internal
/// GlobalValue's in the program. If none of them have their "address taken"
/// (really, their address passed to something nontrivial), record this fact,
/// and record the functions that they are used directly in.
void GlobalsModRef::AnalyzeGlobals(Module &M) {
std::vector<Function*> Readers, Writers;
for (Module::iterator I = M.begin(), E = M.end(); I != E; ++I)
if (I->hasLocalLinkage()) {
if (!AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(I, Readers, Writers)) {
// Remember that we are tracking this global.
NonAddressTakenGlobals.insert(I);
++NumNonAddrTakenFunctions;
}
Readers.clear(); Writers.clear();
}
for (Module::global_iterator I = M.global_begin(), E = M.global_end();
I != E; ++I)
if (I->hasLocalLinkage()) {
if (!AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(I, Readers, Writers)) {
// Remember that we are tracking this global, and the mod/ref fns
NonAddressTakenGlobals.insert(I);
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Readers.size(); i != e; ++i)
FunctionInfo[Readers[i]].GlobalInfo[I] |= Ref;
if (!I->isConstant()) // No need to keep track of writers to constants
for (unsigned i = 0, e = Writers.size(); i != e; ++i)
FunctionInfo[Writers[i]].GlobalInfo[I] |= Mod;
++NumNonAddrTakenGlobalVars;
// If this global holds a pointer type, see if it is an indirect global.
if (I->getType()->getElementType()->isPointerTy() &&
AnalyzeIndirectGlobalMemory(I))
++NumIndirectGlobalVars;
}
Readers.clear(); Writers.clear();
}
}
/// AnalyzeUsesOfPointer - Look at all of the users of the specified pointer.
/// If this is used by anything complex (i.e., the address escapes), return
/// true. Also, while we are at it, keep track of those functions that read and
/// write to the value.
///
/// If OkayStoreDest is non-null, stores into this global are allowed.
bool GlobalsModRef::AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(Value *V,
std::vector<Function*> &Readers,
std::vector<Function*> &Writers,
GlobalValue *OkayStoreDest) {
if (!V->getType()->isPointerTy()) return true;
for (Use &U : V->uses()) {
User *I = U.getUser();
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(I)) {
Readers.push_back(LI->getParent()->getParent());
} else if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(I)) {
if (V == SI->getOperand(1)) {
Writers.push_back(SI->getParent()->getParent());
} else if (SI->getOperand(1) != OkayStoreDest) {
return true; // Storing the pointer
}
} else if (Operator::getOpcode(I) == Instruction::GetElementPtr) {
if (AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(I, Readers, Writers))
return true;
} else if (Operator::getOpcode(I) == Instruction::BitCast) {
if (AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(I, Readers, Writers, OkayStoreDest))
return true;
} else if (CallSite CS = I) {
// Make sure that this is just the function being called, not that it is
// passing into the function.
if (!CS.isCallee(&U)) {
// Detect calls to free.
if (isFreeCall(I, TLI))
Writers.push_back(CS->getParent()->getParent());
else
return true; // Argument of an unknown call.
}
} else if (ICmpInst *ICI = dyn_cast<ICmpInst>(I)) {
if (!isa<ConstantPointerNull>(ICI->getOperand(1)))
return true; // Allow comparison against null.
} else {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/// AnalyzeIndirectGlobalMemory - We found an non-address-taken global variable
/// which holds a pointer type. See if the global always points to non-aliased
/// heap memory: that is, all initializers of the globals are allocations, and
/// those allocations have no use other than initialization of the global.
/// Further, all loads out of GV must directly use the memory, not store the
/// pointer somewhere. If this is true, we consider the memory pointed to by
/// GV to be owned by GV and can disambiguate other pointers from it.
bool GlobalsModRef::AnalyzeIndirectGlobalMemory(GlobalValue *GV) {
// Keep track of values related to the allocation of the memory, f.e. the
// value produced by the malloc call and any casts.
std::vector<Value*> AllocRelatedValues;
// Walk the user list of the global. If we find anything other than a direct
// load or store, bail out.
for (User *U : GV->users()) {
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(U)) {
// The pointer loaded from the global can only be used in simple ways:
// we allow addressing of it and loading storing to it. We do *not* allow
// storing the loaded pointer somewhere else or passing to a function.
std::vector<Function*> ReadersWriters;
if (AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(LI, ReadersWriters, ReadersWriters))
return false; // Loaded pointer escapes.
// TODO: Could try some IP mod/ref of the loaded pointer.
} else if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(U)) {
// Storing the global itself.
if (SI->getOperand(0) == GV) return false;
// If storing the null pointer, ignore it.
if (isa<ConstantPointerNull>(SI->getOperand(0)))
continue;
// Check the value being stored.
Value *Ptr = GetUnderlyingObject(SI->getOperand(0),
GV->getParent()->getDataLayout());
if (!isAllocLikeFn(Ptr, TLI))
return false; // Too hard to analyze.
// Analyze all uses of the allocation. If any of them are used in a
// non-simple way (e.g. stored to another global) bail out.
std::vector<Function*> ReadersWriters;
if (AnalyzeUsesOfPointer(Ptr, ReadersWriters, ReadersWriters, GV))
return false; // Loaded pointer escapes.
// Remember that this allocation is related to the indirect global.
AllocRelatedValues.push_back(Ptr);
} else {
// Something complex, bail out.
return false;
}
}
// Okay, this is an indirect global. Remember all of the allocations for
// this global in AllocsForIndirectGlobals.
while (!AllocRelatedValues.empty()) {
AllocsForIndirectGlobals[AllocRelatedValues.back()] = GV;
AllocRelatedValues.pop_back();
}
IndirectGlobals.insert(GV);
return true;
}
/// AnalyzeCallGraph - At this point, we know the functions where globals are
/// immediately stored to and read from. Propagate this information up the call
/// graph to all callers and compute the mod/ref info for all memory for each
/// function.
void GlobalsModRef::AnalyzeCallGraph(CallGraph &CG, Module &M) {
// We do a bottom-up SCC traversal of the call graph. In other words, we
// visit all callees before callers (leaf-first).
for (scc_iterator<CallGraph*> I = scc_begin(&CG); !I.isAtEnd(); ++I) {
const std::vector<CallGraphNode *> &SCC = *I;
assert(!SCC.empty() && "SCC with no functions?");
if (!SCC[0]->getFunction()) {
// Calls externally - can't say anything useful. Remove any existing
// function records (may have been created when scanning globals).
for (unsigned i = 0, e = SCC.size(); i != e; ++i)
FunctionInfo.erase(SCC[i]->getFunction());
continue;
}
FunctionRecord &FR = FunctionInfo[SCC[0]->getFunction()];
bool KnowNothing = false;
unsigned FunctionEffect = 0;
// Collect the mod/ref properties due to called functions. We only compute
// one mod-ref set.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = SCC.size(); i != e && !KnowNothing; ++i) {
Function *F = SCC[i]->getFunction();
if (!F) {
KnowNothing = true;
break;
}
if (F->isDeclaration()) {
// Try to get mod/ref behaviour from function attributes.
if (F->doesNotAccessMemory()) {
// Can't do better than that!
} else if (F->onlyReadsMemory()) {
FunctionEffect |= Ref;
if (!F->isIntrinsic())
// This function might call back into the module and read a global -
// consider every global as possibly being read by this function.
FR.MayReadAnyGlobal = true;
} else {
FunctionEffect |= ModRef;
// Can't say anything useful unless it's an intrinsic - they don't
// read or write global variables of the kind considered here.
KnowNothing = !F->isIntrinsic();
}
continue;
}
for (CallGraphNode::iterator CI = SCC[i]->begin(), E = SCC[i]->end();
CI != E && !KnowNothing; ++CI)
if (Function *Callee = CI->second->getFunction()) {
if (FunctionRecord *CalleeFR = getFunctionInfo(Callee)) {
// Propagate function effect up.
FunctionEffect |= CalleeFR->FunctionEffect;
// Incorporate callee's effects on globals into our info.
for (const auto &G : CalleeFR->GlobalInfo)
FR.GlobalInfo[G.first] |= G.second;
FR.MayReadAnyGlobal |= CalleeFR->MayReadAnyGlobal;
} else {
// Can't say anything about it. However, if it is inside our SCC,
// then nothing needs to be done.
CallGraphNode *CalleeNode = CG[Callee];
if (std::find(SCC.begin(), SCC.end(), CalleeNode) == SCC.end())
KnowNothing = true;
}
} else {
KnowNothing = true;
}
}
// If we can't say anything useful about this SCC, remove all SCC functions
// from the FunctionInfo map.
if (KnowNothing) {
for (unsigned i = 0, e = SCC.size(); i != e; ++i)
FunctionInfo.erase(SCC[i]->getFunction());
continue;
}
// Scan the function bodies for explicit loads or stores.
for (unsigned i = 0, e = SCC.size(); i != e && FunctionEffect != ModRef;++i)
for (inst_iterator II = inst_begin(SCC[i]->getFunction()),
E = inst_end(SCC[i]->getFunction());
II != E && FunctionEffect != ModRef; ++II)
if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(&*II)) {
FunctionEffect |= Ref;
if (LI->isVolatile())
// Volatile loads may have side-effects, so mark them as writing
// memory (for example, a flag inside the processor).
FunctionEffect |= Mod;
} else if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(&*II)) {
FunctionEffect |= Mod;
if (SI->isVolatile())
// Treat volatile stores as reading memory somewhere.
FunctionEffect |= Ref;
} else if (isAllocationFn(&*II, TLI) || isFreeCall(&*II, TLI)) {
FunctionEffect |= ModRef;
} else if (IntrinsicInst *Intrinsic = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(&*II)) {
// The callgraph doesn't include intrinsic calls.
Function *Callee = Intrinsic->getCalledFunction();
ModRefBehavior Behaviour = AliasAnalysis::getModRefBehavior(Callee);
FunctionEffect |= (Behaviour & ModRef);
}
if ((FunctionEffect & Mod) == 0)
++NumReadMemFunctions;
if (FunctionEffect == 0)
++NumNoMemFunctions;
FR.FunctionEffect = FunctionEffect;
// Finally, now that we know the full effect on this SCC, clone the
// information to each function in the SCC.
for (unsigned i = 1, e = SCC.size(); i != e; ++i)
FunctionInfo[SCC[i]->getFunction()] = FR;
}
}
/// alias - If one of the pointers is to a global that we are tracking, and the
/// other is some random pointer, we know there cannot be an alias, because the
/// address of the global isn't taken.
AliasAnalysis::AliasResult
GlobalsModRef::alias(const Location &LocA,
const Location &LocB) {
// Get the base object these pointers point to.
const Value *UV1 = GetUnderlyingObject(LocA.Ptr, *DL);
const Value *UV2 = GetUnderlyingObject(LocB.Ptr, *DL);
// If either of the underlying values is a global, they may be non-addr-taken
// globals, which we can answer queries about.
const GlobalValue *GV1 = dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(UV1);
const GlobalValue *GV2 = dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(UV2);
if (GV1 || GV2) {
// If the global's address is taken, pretend we don't know it's a pointer to
// the global.
if (GV1 && !NonAddressTakenGlobals.count(GV1)) GV1 = nullptr;
if (GV2 && !NonAddressTakenGlobals.count(GV2)) GV2 = nullptr;
// If the two pointers are derived from two different non-addr-taken
// globals, or if one is and the other isn't, we know these can't alias.
if ((GV1 || GV2) && GV1 != GV2)
return NoAlias;
// Otherwise if they are both derived from the same addr-taken global, we
// can't know the two accesses don't overlap.
}
// These pointers may be based on the memory owned by an indirect global. If
// so, we may be able to handle this. First check to see if the base pointer
// is a direct load from an indirect global.
GV1 = GV2 = nullptr;
if (const LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(UV1))
if (GlobalVariable *GV = dyn_cast<GlobalVariable>(LI->getOperand(0)))
if (IndirectGlobals.count(GV))
GV1 = GV;
if (const LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(UV2))
if (const GlobalVariable *GV = dyn_cast<GlobalVariable>(LI->getOperand(0)))
if (IndirectGlobals.count(GV))
GV2 = GV;
// These pointers may also be from an allocation for the indirect global. If
// so, also handle them.
if (AllocsForIndirectGlobals.count(UV1))
GV1 = AllocsForIndirectGlobals[UV1];
if (AllocsForIndirectGlobals.count(UV2))
GV2 = AllocsForIndirectGlobals[UV2];
// Now that we know whether the two pointers are related to indirect globals,
// use this to disambiguate the pointers. If either pointer is based on an
// indirect global and if they are not both based on the same indirect global,
// they cannot alias.
if ((GV1 || GV2) && GV1 != GV2)
return NoAlias;
return AliasAnalysis::alias(LocA, LocB);
}
AliasAnalysis::ModRefResult
GlobalsModRef::getModRefInfo(ImmutableCallSite CS,
const Location &Loc) {
unsigned Known = ModRef;
// If we are asking for mod/ref info of a direct call with a pointer to a
// global we are tracking, return information if we have it.
const DataLayout &DL = CS.getCaller()->getParent()->getDataLayout();
if (const GlobalValue *GV =
dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(GetUnderlyingObject(Loc.Ptr, DL)))
if (GV->hasLocalLinkage())
if (const Function *F = CS.getCalledFunction())
if (NonAddressTakenGlobals.count(GV))
if (const FunctionRecord *FR = getFunctionInfo(F))
Known = FR->getInfoForGlobal(GV);
if (Known == NoModRef)
return NoModRef; // No need to query other mod/ref analyses
return ModRefResult(Known & AliasAnalysis::getModRefInfo(CS, Loc));
}
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// Methods to update the analysis as a result of the client transformation.
//
void GlobalsModRef::deleteValue(Value *V) {
if (GlobalValue *GV = dyn_cast<GlobalValue>(V)) {
if (NonAddressTakenGlobals.erase(GV)) {
// This global might be an indirect global. If so, remove it and remove
// any AllocRelatedValues for it.
if (IndirectGlobals.erase(GV)) {
// Remove any entries in AllocsForIndirectGlobals for this global.
for (std::map<const Value*, const GlobalValue*>::iterator
I = AllocsForIndirectGlobals.begin(),
E = AllocsForIndirectGlobals.end(); I != E; ) {
if (I->second == GV) {
AllocsForIndirectGlobals.erase(I++);
} else {
++I;
}
}
}
}
}
// Otherwise, if this is an allocation related to an indirect global, remove
// it.
AllocsForIndirectGlobals.erase(V);
AliasAnalysis::deleteValue(V);
}
void GlobalsModRef::copyValue(Value *From, Value *To) {
AliasAnalysis::copyValue(From, To);
}
void GlobalsModRef::addEscapingUse(Use &U) {
// For the purposes of this analysis, it is conservatively correct to treat
// a newly escaping value equivalently to a deleted one. We could perhaps
// be more precise by processing the new use and attempting to update our
// saved analysis results to accommodate it.
deleteValue(U);
AliasAnalysis::addEscapingUse(U);
}
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