Created simple upload tool to upload file contents to the Apple 1 over serial.

Improved firmware code.

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+###############################################################################
+# Set default behavior to automatically normalize line endings.
+###############################################################################
+* text=auto
+
+###############################################################################
+# Set default behavior for command prompt diff.
+#
+# This is need for earlier builds of msysgit that does not have it on by
+# default for csharp files.
+# Note: This is only used by command line
+###############################################################################
+#*.cs     diff=csharp
+
+###############################################################################
+# Set the merge driver for project and solution files
+#
+# Merging from the command prompt will add diff markers to the files if there
+# are conflicts (Merging from VS is not affected by the settings below, in VS
+# the diff markers are never inserted). Diff markers may cause the following 
+# file extensions to fail to load in VS. An alternative would be to treat
+# these files as binary and thus will always conflict and require user
+# intervention with every merge. To do so, just uncomment the entries below
+###############################################################################
+#*.sln       merge=binary
+#*.csproj    merge=binary
+#*.vbproj    merge=binary
+#*.vcxproj   merge=binary
+#*.vcproj    merge=binary
+#*.dbproj    merge=binary
+#*.fsproj    merge=binary
+#*.lsproj    merge=binary
+#*.wixproj   merge=binary
+#*.modelproj merge=binary
+#*.sqlproj   merge=binary
+#*.wwaproj   merge=binary
+
+###############################################################################
+# behavior for image files
+#
+# image files are treated as binary by default.
+###############################################################################
+#*.jpg   binary
+#*.png   binary
+#*.gif   binary
+
+###############################################################################
+# diff behavior for common document formats
+# 
+# Convert binary document formats to text before diffing them. This feature
+# is only available from the command line. Turn it on by uncommenting the 
+# entries below.
+###############################################################################
+#*.doc   diff=astextplain
+#*.DOC   diff=astextplain
+#*.docx  diff=astextplain
+#*.DOCX  diff=astextplain
+#*.dot   diff=astextplain
+#*.DOT   diff=astextplain
+#*.pdf   diff=astextplain
+#*.PDF   diff=astextplain
+#*.rtf   diff=astextplain
+#*.RTF   diff=astextplain

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 tmp/
 design/DesignSpark/gbrl
+obj
+bin
+.vs

README.md

@@ -5,3 +5,8 @@ This is my take on an Apple 1 replica.
 Also lot's of lessons were learned and resources taken from The Ben Heck Show: https://github.com/thebenheckshow/158-tbhs-apple-1-replica
 
 *This build is currently in progress*
+
+Pictures of the current state (revision 0):  
+
+![First board revision](https://github.com/DutchMaker/Apple-1-Replica/raw/master/docs/revision0.jpg "First board revision")  
+![Firmware screenshot](https://github.com/DutchMaker/Apple-1-Replica/raw/master/docs/screenshot.png "Firmware screenshot")

code/AVR/SerialIO/SerialIO.ino

@@ -1,104 +1,139 @@
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Apple 1 Replica firmware for Arduino
-//
-// Version 1.0
-// By Ruud van Falier
-//
-// Enables serial communication between an Arduino and the Apple 1 PIA.
-// Heavily based on Propeller source code from Briel Computers Apple 1 replica.
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
+// Apple 1 Replica firmware for Arduino                                               //
+//                                                                                    //
+// Version 1.0                                                                        //
+// By Ruud van Falier                                                                 //
+//                                                                                    //
+// Enables serial communication between an Arduino and the Apple 1 PIA.               //
+// Also implements a blinking cursor and green text using VT100 escape codes          //
+// (VT100 codes only tested with PuTTY client!)                                       //
+//                                                                                    //
+// Heavily based on Propeller source code from Briel Computers' Apple 1 replica.      //
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
 
 // Port definitions (Arduino pins connected to the PIA)
-#define DA  A0
-#define RDA A1
-#define PB0 2
-#define PB1 3
-#define PB2 4
-#define PB3 A5
-#define PB4 A4
-#define PB5 A3
-#define PB6 A2
-#define PA0 5
-#define PA1 6
-#define PA2 7
-#define PA3 8
-#define PA4 9
-#define PA5 10
-#define PA6 11
-#define STROBE 12
+#define PIN_DA  A0
+#define PIN_RDA A1
+#define PIN_PB0 2
+#define PIN_PB1 3
+#define PIN_PB2 4
+#define PIN_PB3 A5
+#define PIN_PB4 A4
+#define PIN_PB5 A3
+#define PIN_PB6 A2
+#define PIN_PA0 5
+#define PIN_PA1 6
+#define PIN_PA2 7
+#define PIN_PA3 8
+#define PIN_PA4 9
+#define PIN_PA5 10
+#define PIN_PA6 11
+#define PIN_STROBE 12
 
-// VT100 codes (u)sed for cursor implementation)
-#define OFF         "\033[0m"
-#define BLINK       "\033[5m"
-#define COLOR       "\033[35m"
-#define BLINK_COLOR "\033[5;35m"
-#define BOLD_COLOR  "\033[1;35m"
-#define CLS         "\033[2J"
-#define BACKSPACE   "\010"
+#define DELAY_VIDEO 1
+#define DELAY_ASCII 1
+
+// VT100 codes (used for cursor and text color implementation)
+#define VT100_OFF           "\033[0m"     // Disable formatting
+#define VT100_DEFAULT       "\033[32m"    // Color green
+#define VT100_BLINK         "\033[5;32m"  // Blink color green
+#define VT100_BOLD          "\033[1;32m"  // Bold color green
+#define VT100_CLS           "\033[2J"     // Clear screen
+#define VT100_RESET_CURSOR  "\033[H"      // Position cursor in top left corner
+#define VT100_CURSOR_LEFT   "\033[1D"     // Move cursor one column to the left
+#define VT100_ERASE_EOL     "\033[K"      // Erase from cursor until end of line
 #define CURSOR_CHAR   "@"
 
+// Global variables
 uint8_t video_data = 0;
-uint8_t video_data_pins[] = { PB0, PB1, PB2, PB3, PB4, PB5, PB6 };
+uint8_t video_data_pins[] = { PIN_PB0, PIN_PB1, PIN_PB2, PIN_PB3, PIN_PB4, PIN_PB5, PIN_PB6 };
 uint8_t serial_data;
+
 bool cursor_visible = false;
 
+/*
+ * Program initialization
+ */
 void setup() 
 {
   // Setup video data pins (output from the PIA)
-  pinMode(RDA, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(DA, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB0, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB1, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB2, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB3, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB4, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB5, INPUT);
-  pinMode(PB6, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_RDA, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_DA, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB0, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB1, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB2, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB3, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB4, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB5, INPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PB6, INPUT);
 
   // Setup ASCII data pins (input for the PIA)
-  pinMode(STROBE, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA0, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA1, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA2, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA3, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA4, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA5, OUTPUT);
-  pinMode(PA6, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_STROBE, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA0, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA1, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA2, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA3, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA4, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA5, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(PIN_PA6, OUTPUT);
 
   Serial.begin(9600);
  
-  cursor_visible = false;
-  Serial.print(CLS);
-  Serial.print(BOLD_COLOR);
-  Serial.println("Apple 1 Replica");
-  Serial.print(OFF);
-  Serial.print(COLOR);
-  Serial.println("Firmware version 1.0");
-  Serial.println("Ruud van Falier, 2017");
-  Serial.println("---------------------------------");
-  Serial.println();
-  Serial.println("Ready...");
-  Serial.print(OFF);
-
-  show_cursor();
+  display_boot_message();
 }
 
+/*
+ * Program loop
+ */
 void loop() 
 {
   process_video_data();
   process_serial_data(); 
 }
 
+/*
+ * Displays the Apple 1 Replica firmware boot message and enables the blinking cursor
+ */
+void display_boot_message()
+{
+  cursor_visible = false;
+
+  Serial.print(VT100_CLS);
+  Serial.print(VT100_RESET_CURSOR);
+  Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
+  Serial.print(VT100_DEFAULT);
+  Serial.println("+-----------------------+");
+  Serial.print("|    ");
+  Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
+  Serial.print(VT100_BOLD);
+  Serial.print("APPLE 1 REPLICA");
+  Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
+  Serial.print(VT100_DEFAULT);
+  Serial.println("    |");
+  Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
+  Serial.print(VT100_DEFAULT);
+  Serial.println("|-----------------------|");
+  Serial.println("| FIRMWARE VERSION 1.0  |");
+  Serial.println("| RUUD VAN FALIER, 2017 |");
+  Serial.println("+-----------------------+");
+  Serial.println();
+  Serial.println("READY...");
+  Serial.println();
+  Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
+
+  show_cursor();
+}
+
 /*
  * Retrieves video (character) data from the PIA and sends it to the user over the serial connection.
  */
 void process_video_data()
 {
   // Tell the PIA we are ready to receive data.
-  digitalWrite(RDA, HIGH);
-  delay(10);
+  digitalWrite(PIN_RDA, HIGH);
+  delay(DELAY_VIDEO);
 
-  if (digitalRead(DA))
+  while (digitalRead(PIN_DA))
   {
     // Data is available.
     video_data = 0;
@@ -112,6 +147,7 @@ void process_video_data()
       }
     }
 
+    // Send video data over serial connection.
     if (video_data == 13)
     {
       // Carrage return.
@@ -122,18 +158,21 @@ void process_video_data()
     {
       // Display-compatible character.
       hide_cursor();
-      Serial.print(COLOR);
+      Serial.print(VT100_DEFAULT);
       Serial.print((char)video_data);
-      Serial.print(OFF);
+      Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
     }
 
-    digitalWrite(RDA, LOW);
-    delay(10);
+    // Done receiving this byte.
+    digitalWrite(PIN_RDA, LOW);
+    delay(DELAY_VIDEO);
+
+    // Tell the PIA we are ready to receive more data.
+    digitalWrite(PIN_RDA, HIGH);
+    delay(DELAY_VIDEO);
   }
-  else
-  {
+
   show_cursor();
-  }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -143,7 +182,7 @@ void process_video_data()
 void process_serial_data()
 {
   // Wait for serial data coming in.
-  if (Serial.available() > 0) 
+  while (Serial.available() > 0)
   {
     serial_data = Serial.read();
 
@@ -162,19 +201,21 @@ void process_serial_data()
     if (serial_data < 96)   
     {
       // Encode any Apple 1 compatible character to data bits.
-      digitalWrite(PA6, bitRead(serial_data, 6));
-      digitalWrite(PA5, bitRead(serial_data, 5));
-      digitalWrite(PA4, bitRead(serial_data, 4));
-      digitalWrite(PA3, bitRead(serial_data, 3));
-      digitalWrite(PA2, bitRead(serial_data, 2));
-      digitalWrite(PA1, bitRead(serial_data, 1));
-      digitalWrite(PA0, bitRead(serial_data, 0));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA6, bitRead(serial_data, 6));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA5, bitRead(serial_data, 5));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA4, bitRead(serial_data, 4));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA3, bitRead(serial_data, 3));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA2, bitRead(serial_data, 2));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA1, bitRead(serial_data, 1));
+      digitalWrite(PIN_PA0, bitRead(serial_data, 0));
 
       // Pulse the STROBE bit so the PIA will process the input.
-      digitalWrite(STROBE, HIGH);
-      delay(20);
-      digitalWrite(STROBE, LOW);
+      digitalWrite(PIN_STROBE, HIGH);
+      delay(DELAY_ASCII);
+      digitalWrite(PIN_STROBE, LOW);
     }
+
+    process_video_data();
   }
 }
 
@@ -185,7 +226,8 @@ void hide_cursor()
 {
   if (cursor_visible)
   {
-    Serial.print(BACKSPACE);
+    Serial.print(VT100_CURSOR_LEFT);
+    Serial.print(VT100_ERASE_EOL);
     cursor_visible = false;
   }
 }
@@ -197,9 +239,9 @@ void show_cursor()
 {
   if (!cursor_visible)
   {
-    Serial.print(BLINK_COLOR);
+    Serial.print(VT100_BLINK);
     Serial.print(CURSOR_CHAR);
-    Serial.print(OFF);
+    Serial.print(VT100_OFF);
     cursor_visible = true;
   }
 }

code/Uploader/Uploader.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio 15
+VisualStudioVersion = 15.0.26430.14
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Uploader", "Uploader\Uploader.csproj", "{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
+		Release|Any CPU = Release|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

code/Uploader/Uploader/App.config

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<configuration>
+    <startup> 
+        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.2" />
+    </startup>
+</configuration>

code/Uploader/Uploader/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.IO.Ports;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Windows.Forms;
+
+namespace Uploader
+{
+    class Program
+    {
+        private const string PORT = "COM7";
+        private static SerialPort serial = new SerialPort(PORT, 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
+
+        [STAThread]
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            var dialog = new OpenFileDialog();
+
+            dialog.Title = "Select file to upload...";
+
+            if (dialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
+            {
+                serial.DataReceived += Serial_DataReceived;
+                serial.Open();
+
+                Console.WriteLine("Connected...");
+                Console.WriteLine($"Uploading {dialog.FileName}");
+                
+                using (var reader = new StreamReader(dialog.FileName, Encoding.ASCII))
+                {
+                    int progress = 0;
+                    long total = reader.BaseStream.Length;
+
+                    while (reader.Peek() >= 0)
+                    {
+                        int data = reader.Read();
+                        
+                        if (data < 96)
+                        {
+                            serial.Write(new byte[] { (byte)data }, 0, 1);
+
+                            Thread.Sleep(50);
+
+                            if (data == 13)
+                            {
+                                Thread.Sleep(150);
+                            }
+
+                            Console.Write((char)data);
+                        }
+                        
+                        Progress(++progress, total);
+                    }
+                }
+                
+                serial.WriteLine("");
+                serial.Close();
+
+                Console.Title = "Upload succeeded!";
+                Console.WriteLine("\r\nDone! Connection closed.");
+            }
+
+            Console.ReadKey();
+        }
+
+        private static void Serial_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
+        {
+            serial.ReadExisting();
+        }
+
+        private static void Progress(int progress, long total)
+        {
+            decimal percentage = progress / ((decimal)total / 100);
+
+            Console.Title = $"Uploading... ({progress:N0} of {total:N0} bytes - {percentage:N2}%)";
+        }
+    }
+}

code/Uploader/Uploader/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+
+// General Information about an assembly is controlled through the following
+// set of attributes. Change these attribute values to modify the information
+// associated with an assembly.
+[assembly: AssemblyTitle("Uploader")]
+[assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyConfiguration("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCompany("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyProduct("Uploader")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCopyright("Copyright ©  2017")]
+[assembly: AssemblyTrademark("")]
+[assembly: AssemblyCulture("")]
+
+// Setting ComVisible to false makes the types in this assembly not visible
+// to COM components.  If you need to access a type in this assembly from
+// COM, set the ComVisible attribute to true on that type.
+[assembly: ComVisible(false)]
+
+// The following GUID is for the ID of the typelib if this project is exposed to COM
+[assembly: Guid("a6d02388-9408-492f-a165-b6d4ea110558")]
+
+// Version information for an assembly consists of the following four values:
+//
+//      Major Version
+//      Minor Version
+//      Build Number
+//      Revision
+//
+// You can specify all the values or you can default the Build and Revision Numbers
+// by using the '*' as shown below:
+// [assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.*")]
+[assembly: AssemblyVersion("1.0.0.0")]
+[assembly: AssemblyFileVersion("1.0.0.0")]

code/Uploader/Uploader/Uploader.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props" Condition="Exists('$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(MSBuildToolsVersion)\Microsoft.Common.props')" />
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Debug</Configuration>
+    <Platform Condition=" '$(Platform)' == '' ">AnyCPU</Platform>
+    <ProjectGuid>{A6D02388-9408-492F-A165-B6D4EA110558}</ProjectGuid>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <RootNamespace>Uploader</RootNamespace>
+    <AssemblyName>Uploader</AssemblyName>
+    <TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.5.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
+    <FileAlignment>512</FileAlignment>
+    <AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>true</AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
+    <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
+    <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
+    <DebugType>full</DebugType>
+    <Optimize>false</Optimize>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Debug\</OutputPath>
+    <DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
+    <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
+    <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Release|AnyCPU' ">
+    <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
+    <DebugType>pdbonly</DebugType>
+    <Optimize>true</Optimize>
+    <OutputPath>bin\Release\</OutputPath>
+    <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
+    <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
+    <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Reference Include="System" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Core" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Windows.Forms" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Xml.Linq" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Data.DataSetExtensions" />
+    <Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Data" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
+    <Reference Include="System.Xml" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Compile Include="Program.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="App.config" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildToolsPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
+</Project>