A1Emu

Console based Apple 1 emulator for Windows

To build type

make

which outputs an exectable named A1Emu.exe

Next go to the working directory and copy a ROM for Integer Basic named "BASIC" (no extension) into that directory. The emulator will copy the first 4KB of that file's contents into address 0xE000.

The emulator runs in a normal console without any GUI, just like the original Apple 1 worked. You are greeted with a \ character. Type the following to start Apple 1 BASIC:

\
E000R

E000: 4C
>

The cursor should now be blinking after the > character. Type commands like

>PRINT "HELLO WORLD"
HELLO WORLD

>

If you want to load cassette storage into memory, you're going to need to uze Woz'z ACI. To do that, run from Woz's monitor (not BASIC)

C100R

to start the cassette interface. Now suppose we wanted to store the contents of memory from address 0xE000 to 0xEFFF. To do that, you would type afterwards

E000.EFFFW

Hit enter after typing the command. Now, within 10 seconds type the | (pipe) character to pause the emulator. The emulator will display the last reads and writes into memory of the previous opcode. Now type

tstart write
resume

which starts the emulated cassette. After waiting a few seconds, you will be greeted with a \ prompt again, meaning you have returned to the monitor. Type | once again, but this time, type the following 2 commands

tstop
tstore SOME_FILE
resume

This stores in the same directory as the executable a file named SOME_FILE which can be read from using the cassette interface.

Suppose we wanted to read that file into the same memory addresses we had stored it from. First, we would enter the ACI again using

C100R

and then type

E000.EFFFR

but DON'T PRESS ENTER. We need to start the cassette tape playing back again before we finish giving this command to the ACI. Type | to pause the emulator. Then run

tload SOME_FILE
tstart read
resume

After entering the resume command, press enter one more time to finish telling the ACI to read to 0xE000. After a few seconds, you should be greeted by \. At this point, press | to pause emulation and type

tstop
resume

The contents of addresses 0xE000 to 0xEFFF should now be the same as the contents originally stored onto the file using the ACI.

It functions exactly like the original Apple 1. To learn how to use Apple 1 basic, go here: https://archive.org/details/apple1_basic_manual/page/n11

Here is a good place to learn more about the Apple 1 computer: https://www.sbprojects.net/projects/apple1/