EDIT(4)- this is used to set the 'back-space mode' that the editor will use. Certain modes allow more control than others. Mode 0 indicates that the actual mode is not known. The editor will work fine, but some functions will be disabled. Under mode 1, the editor will assume that the user has a 'non-destructible' backspace. This allows all the editor functions to be used and is how the local console is setup. Mode 2 tells the editor that the user has a 'destructible' backspace. Under this mode, some functions are disabled, but the editor speeds up certain other functions. |
+| END | END | dev | Same as AppleSoft, this command terminates program. Returns to ACOS restart state. REMY TODO: Does this just return to A2osX shell? |
+| FILL | FILL *start*, *length*, *data* | dev | The FILL statement is used to fill an area of memory with some bytes of data. Generally it is used to zero out memory. *start* is a 16 bit memory address, *length* is an 8 bit [0-255] number, and *data* is the byte that will be used to fill memory. |
+| FLAG | *variable*=FLAG
FLAG=*memloc*
FLAG=(*flagnum*)
FLAG(*flagnum*)=*value* | dev | The FLAG function is a low overhead way to store 1 bit information. You just need to point the FLAG function to a point in memory (typically 'ram' or 'ram2') that you wish to store your data in, and you can manipulate as many flags as you need. Each byte of memory can contain 8 flags.To setup the FLAG function, you need to first point it to a location in memory (*memloc*), which is typically 'ram' or 'ram2', but you can specify an offset, e.g. FLAG=ram+20 will specify that you're using the 20th byte inside of the 'ram' location.
Once the pointer is set up, you can use the FLAG function just like any variable using the remaining syntax forms outlined for reading/writing flags. |
+| FOR | FOR *numvar*=*startvalue* TO *targetvalue* [STEP *number*]
...
NEXT | dev | Creates a loop in program execution that sets a variable *numvar* to initially *startvalue* and increments its value with each iteration and will repeat until that variable reaches *targetvalue*. The STEP keyword is optional, but allows you to specify *number* which overrides the typical +1 increment of the loop, i.e. you can count by 2 by specifying STEP 2 or you can *decrement* by specifying a negative step number. In general, operates much the same way as AppleSoft FOR-NEXT loops, However, you can only have ONE for loop active at a time, i.e. the NEXT command does not allow for a variable, it only operates on the currently active FOR loop. |
+| FREE | FREE | dev | Has the same function as the AppleSoft FRE(0) command, in that it returns the amount of free memory. REMY TODO: Does this garbage collect? |
+| GET | GET *varstr* | dev | The GET statement is used to get a single keypress from the user. This is a blocking call in that the system will wait until a key is pressed. The key will be returned in *varstr*. Control characters will not be filtered out as they are with INPUT. |
+| GOSUB | GOSUB *label* | dev | Calls subroutine *label* in the program and sets the point in code so that when a RETURN function is encountered, execution will resume after the GOSUB statement. While behaves the same way as AppleSoft basic, it is worth pointing out that ACOS uses labels as targets instead of line numbers. |
+| GOTO | GOTO *label* | Working | Redirects program execution to continue from *label*. Unlike GOSUB, no record of where the GOTO call occurred. As with GOSUB, it is worth pointing out that ACOS uses labels as targets intead of line number. |
| HOME | HOME | dev | Clears the screen and positions the cursor at the top left. REMY TODO: Does this clear the remote session as well? |
-| IF | IF *condition* [THEN] *statement1* [ELSE] *statement2* | dev | Evaluate *condition* and if true (or greater than zero), execute *statement1*. If optional ELSE statement is specified, then a false condition will execute *statement2*. If ELSE is used, it must appear on the same line as the IF statement. Logical constructs for *condition* supports parenthesis, AND, and OR.
THEN is optional (as it is in AppleSoft BASIC) but if you use THEN, it cannot be followed by a label directly.(use IF arg THEN GOTO label). |
-| INFO | expression=INFO(optional)
INFO(optional)=expression | dev | INFO can be used as either a statement or as a function. It is really a 'catch-all' in nature. many values that are more or less unrelated are returned. The following table gives the meanings of all the INFO data.
argument r/w function
-------- ---- -----------------
INFO(0) r is there a caller online? (0=no)
INFO(1) r capacity of current message file.
INFO(2) r callers baud rate /300 (1=300)
INFO(3) r/w current number of nulls.
INFO(4) w top screen stats. (1=chat, 2=exec)
INFO(5) r/w executive user online? (1=yes)
INFO(6) r checks bit map for mail/msg bases for room.
|
+| IF | IF *condition* [THEN] *statement1* [ELSE] *statement2* | dev | Evaluate *condition* and if true (or greater than zero), execute *statement1*. If optional ELSE keyword is specified, then a false condition will execute *statement2*. If ELSE is used, it must appear on the same line as the IF statement, i.e. there is no multi-line if/then/else construct like some other languages. Logical constructs for *condition* supports parenthesis, AND, and OR.THEN is optional (as it is in AppleSoft BASIC) but if you use THEN, it cannot be followed by a label directly.(use IF arg THEN GOTO label). |
+| INFO | *expression*=INFO(*optional*)
INFO(*optional*)=*expression* | dev | INFO can be used as either a statement or as a function. It is really a 'catch-all' of ACOS state value functions in nature in that many values that are more or less unrelated are accessible through it. The following table gives the meanings of all the INFO data.
argument r/w function
-------- ---- -----------------
INFO(0) r is there a caller online? (0=no)
INFO(1) r capacity of current message file.
INFO(2) r callers baud rate /300 (1=300)
INFO(3) r/w current number of nulls.
INFO(4) w top screen stats. (1=chat, 2=exec)
INFO(5) r/w executive user online? (1=yes)
INFO(6) r checks bit map for mail/msg bases for room.
|
| INPUT | INPUT [#*device*,] [@*mode*,] [\\] ["*text*"] *variable* [,[\\] *variable*..] | dev | Gets input from a device or interactively with the user and stores the result in one-to-many variables. There are quite a few variations how the INPUT statement can be used, but at a minimum it requires one *variable* to be specified. Specifying the *device* is required if inputting data from a device handle (e.g. an open file). Omitting the *device* will default to getting input from the user.
A text prompt can be optionally specified by supplying *text* before the variables. The text can serve as a prompt (e.g. "What is your name? *input here*"). If backslash (\\) is put before or after the *text*, this will result in a newline being part of the prompt (note distinction between this and using backslash for multiple variables).
Multiple variables can be specified in either a comma-separated or backslash (\\) way (or a mixture thereof), though this is typically for file input rather than interactive user input. As with the PRINT statement, the comma is taken literally (e.g. if you were to read multiple fields from a comma-separated file), and the backslash as part of the variable list implies that there will be a newline to parse (e.g. INPUT #1, A\$\\B\$ reads two lines from the file, A\$ on the first line and B\$ on the second line).
The *mode* (with '@' symbol prefix) is an optional way of specifying how the INPUT command will behave. Using *mode* is ONLY for interactive input and cannot be combined with a *device*. The various modes are as follows:
- INPUT - (no mode specified) set the input mode to uppercase, don't accept a blank line.
- INPUT @0 - set the input mode to uppercase, don't accept a blank line, just return the first character.
- INPUT @1 - set the input mode to uppercase, don't accept a blank line, don't accept any commas.
- INPUT @2 - set the input mode to uppercase, blank lines will be accepted.
- INPUT @3 - accept everything. (upper & lower).
|
-| INSTR | expression=INSTR(*match*, *source*) | dev | The INSTR function is used to search within a *source* string for the existence of the specified *match* string. The search is case insensitive. The function will return the numerical position of the first character in the *source* string where the *match* was found. Note that the first character in *source* string starts at 1, not 0 like many other languages. So in other words, if the function returns zero, no match was found. |
-| KEY | expression=KEY(0)
expression=KEY(1)
expression=KEY(2) | dev | The KEY function is used to check and see what if any keys have been pressed. It is generally used to check to see if a routine needs to be interrupted and is used in conjunction with the SETINT and ADDINT statements. This routine does not wait for a key, it returns either a zero for no key or the ASCII value of the key. In the KEY(1) form, a non-zero byte will be returned if the key pressed was the 'file stop' character. In the KEY(2) form, a non-zero byte will be returned if the pressed key is the 'file next' key defined in config. |
-| KILL | KILL filename
KILL #MSG(expression) | dev | The KILL statement can be used in two different ways. In both ways it is used to delete data. In the first form, with the filename, it will delete the file from disk. In its second form, it will kill a message within the currently active message base. After using KILL on a message, it is always a good idea to follow it with an UPDATE. |
-| LEFT$ | string=LEFT$(*source*, *length*) | dev | Returns the first *length* characters of *source* string. |
-| LEN | expression=LEN(string) | dev | Returns the length of the supplied string. A result of zero means the string is empty. |
-| LINK | LINK filename [,label] | dev | The LINK statement allows you to load a different program segment and execute that one, optionally starting at a specified label. The purpose of this is to allow for your code to be split up into multiple segments, but also to support additional code to be used without modifying the other. The *filename* argument is mandatory and is in the standard filename syntax. If you wish the execution to begin at a point other than the beginning of the module, then the *label* argument can be specified in string form (e.g. LINK "A:MSG.SEG","BULLETINS"). The label must be enclosed in quotes or must be in a string variable. Note that for the label to be usable by the LINK command, the label must be declared as PUBLIC in the target file. |
-| LOG | LOG drivespec | dev | The LOG statement simply changes the default disk drive to the *drivespec* drive. If the drive is not legal, a BAD DRIVE SPECIFIER error will occur. |
-| MARK | expression=MARK(device)
MARK(device)=number | dev | The MARK function will allow you to either set or check the point at which a file is doing I/O. If you want to go to the beginning of a file, you would issue a MARK(1)=0 assuming it was file 1. MARK has a second function in that it can be used to see if a file exists. Normally ACOS will not generate an error if a file exists, so it can be hard to tell if there is one. To see if a file exists: OPEN #1,filename
IF MARK(1) PRINT "FILE EXISTS"
CLOSE #1 |
-| MID$ | string=MID$(source, start [,length]) | dev | Returns the contents of *source* into *string* starting at character position *start* to the end of *source*, or only up to *length* number of characters. |
-| MODEM | MODEM(number) | dev | The MODEM command is used for controlling the communication session with the remote user. The ACOS language was originally written for modems and thus the keyword is kept for consistency despite A2osX having replaced the underlying communications with a networking stack. Regardless, the functionality remains the same albeit applied to telnet sessions. The modem functions are as follows:
- MODEM(0) - this command needs to be issued before any other modem command is used. Its function is to initialize the modem driver for later use.
- MODEM(1) - this command waits for an incoming call and establishes a connection. Execution will continue when either a call is connected or the user goes into local mode.
- MODEM(2) - this command causes the modem to hangup (terminate telnet session). All further output will be sent to console only.
|
-| MOVE | MOVE start,length TO destination | dev | The MOVE statement is used to move segments of memory around. The only limitation is that only a maximum of 255 bytes can be moved at any one time. Both START and DESTINATION are 16 bit memory addresses while LENGTH is an 8 bit [0-255] number. |
-| MSG | expression=MSG(number)
MSG(number)=expression
device={#MSG(number)} | dev | The MSG function is a specialized function for the ACOS message handling routines. Once a message file has been opened via the READY command, the MSG function is used to access individual messages within the message file. The MSG function has two radically different syntaxs. Under the first and second syntax, it is being used to access and set information about a message. For each message, you can maintain one number that gives information about it via the MSG function. The MSG(0) function returns the number of messages within the message file and may not be changed. To access a message, it is used as a device channel. While to show the editor COPY#8 would suffice, since the message file is made up of many messages, it is necessary to tell which message you want to work with. COPY#MSG(3) would show message number three within the currently open message file. |
+| INSTR | *expression*=INSTR(*match*, *source*) | dev | The INSTR function is used to search within a *source* string for the existence of the specified *match* string. The search is case insensitive. The function will return the numerical position of the first character in the *source* string where the *match* was found. Note that the first character in *source* string starts at 1, not 0 like many other languages. So in other words, if the function returns zero, no match was found. |
+| KEY | *expression*=KEY(0)
*expression*=KEY(1)
*expression*=KEY(2) | dev | The KEY function is used to check and see what if any keys have been pressed. It is generally used to check to see if a routine needs to be interrupted and is used in conjunction with the SETINT and ADDINT statements. This routine is not blocking and does not wait for a key; it returns either a zero for no key or the ASCII value of the key. In the KEY(1) form, a non-zero byte will be returned if the key pressed was the 'file stop' character. In the KEY(2) form, a non-zero byte will be returned if the pressed key is the 'file next' key defined in config. |
+| KILL | KILL *filename*
KILL #MSG(*expression*) | dev | The KILL statement can be used in two different ways. In both ways it is used to delete data. In the first form, with the *filename,* it will delete the file from disk. In its second form, it will delete a message within the currently active message base. After using KILL on a message, it is always a good idea to follow it with an UPDATE to make sure the modified message database is persisted to disk. |
+| LEFT$ | *string*=LEFT$(*source*, *length*) | dev | Returns the first *length* characters of *source* string. |
+| LEN | *expression*=LEN(*string*) | dev | Returns the length of the supplied *string*. A result of zero means the string is empty. |
+| LINK | LINK *filename* [,*label*] | dev | The LINK statement allows you to load a different program segment and execute that one, optionally starting at a specified *label*. The purpose of this is to allow for your code to be split up into multiple segments, but also to support additional code to be used without modifying the other. The *filename* argument is mandatory and is in the standard filename syntax. If you wish the execution to begin at a point other than the beginning of the module, then the *label* argument can be specified in string form (e.g. LINK "A:MSG.SEG","BULLETINS"). The label must be enclosed in quotes or must be in a string variable. Note that for the label to be usable by the LINK command, the label must be declared as PUBLIC in the target file. |
+| LOG | LOG *drivespec* | dev | The LOG statement simply changes the default disk drive to the *drivespec* drive. If the drive is not legal, a BAD DRIVE SPECIFIER error will occur. |
+| MARK | *expression*=MARK(*device*)
MARK(*device*)=*number* | dev | The MARK function will allow you to either set or check the offset within the current file I/O. If you want to go to the beginning of a file, you would issue a MARK(1)=0 assuming it was file device #1. MARK has a second function in that it can be used to see if a file exists. Normally ACOS will not generate an error if a file exists, so it can be hard to tell if there is one. To see if a file exists: OPEN #1,filename
IF MARK(1) PRINT "FILE EXISTS"
CLOSE #1 |
+| MID$ | *string*=MID$(*source*, *start* [,*length*]) | dev | Returns the contents of *source* into *string* starting at character position *start* to the end of *source*, or only up to *length* number of characters. |
+| MODEM | MODEM(*number*) | dev | The MODEM command is used for controlling the communication session with the remote user. The ACOS language was originally written for modems and thus the keyword is kept for consistency despite A2osX having replaced the underlying communications with a networking stack. Regardless, the functionality remains the same albeit applied to telnet sessions. The modem functions are as follows:
- MODEM(0) - this command needs to be issued before any other modem command is used. Its function is to initialize the modem driver for later use.
- MODEM(1) - this command waits for an incoming call and establishes a connection. Execution will continue when either a call is connected or the user goes into local mode.
- MODEM(2) - this command causes the modem to hangup (terminate telnet session). All further output will be sent to console only.
|
+| MOVE | MOVE *start*, *length* TO *destination* | dev | The MOVE statement is used to move segments of memory around. The only limitation is that only a maximum of 255 bytes can be moved at any one time. Both *start* and *destination* are 16 bit memory addresses while *length* is an 8 bit [0-255] number. |
+| MSG | *expression*=MSG(*number*)
MSG(*number*)=*expression*
*device*={#MSG(*number*)} | dev | The MSG function is a specialized function for the ACOS message handling routines. Once a message file has been opened via the READY command, the MSG function is used to access individual messages within the message file. The MSG function has two radically different syntaxs. Under the first and second syntax, it is being used to access and set information about a message. For each message, you can maintain one number that gives information about it via the MSG function. The MSG(0) function returns the number of messages within the message file and may not be changed. To access a message, it is used as a device channel. While to show the editor COPY #8 would suffice, since the message file is made up of many messages, it is necessary to tell which message you want to work with. COPY #MSG(3) would show message number three within the currently open message file. |
| NEXT | NEXT | dev | For use with the FOR statement in FOR-NEXT loops. Unlike with AppleSoft or some other BASIC implementations, you cannot use a variable after NEXT. (NEXT X is illegal). |
-| NIBBLE | NIBBLE=number
NIBBLE(number)
NIBBLE(number)=number16 | dev | The NEXT function is similar to the FLAG function in that it is a low overhead data storage method. With the NIBBLE function, you can store 4 bit numbers that have the range 0-15. Use the first syntax of NIBBLE to point to the point in memory where the data will be stored. Use the second and third syntax to read and write the actual data. |
-| NOT | expression= NOT expression | dev | The NOT operator is a boolean logic operator. It changes the value of an expression from true to false or from false to true. In booleon logic, false is considered to be zero while not false or true, is considered to be any other number. The NOT operator is most commonly used in IF statements. |
-| ON NOCAR | ON NOCAR GOTO label | dev | The ON NOCAR statement is used to setup a routine that can be used when carrier is lost from a remote user. When the carrier is lost, ACOS will then hang up the modem. It will then change the current execution point to the label that was setup. Whenever you link to another segment you must set up a new ON NOCAR vector to a routine within that segment. If you don't have a vector set up and a remote caller drops carrier, the system will just sit there until it times out. |
-| OPEN | OPEN #device,filename | dev | The OPEN statement is used to make disk files ready to do I/O with out a program. You open a disk file using either device channel 1 or 2, and all further references to that channel will access the file associated with it. When you are finished with the file, use the CLOSE command. This will free up the device channel for later use. If you try to use a channel that is already in use, or one besides channel 1 or 2, you will get a BAD DEVICE CHANNEL error. If the file you open does not exist, no error will be generated. If you try to read from the file, it will appear to be empty. Use the CREATE command to make a file. |
-| PDL | expression=PDL(number) | dev | The PDL function is used to read one of the paddles on the system. You can read paddle zero through three. The number returned will be in the range 0-255. |
-| PEEK | expression=PEEK(address) | dev | Returns the value of the byte located at *address*. REMY TODO: Does this work in A2osX? Perhaps limit it to $C000-CFFF? |
-| POKE | POKE address,value | dev | Sets the value of the memory location specified at *address* with *value*. REMY TODO: Does this work in A2osX? Perhaps limit it to $C000-CFFF? |
-| POP | POP | dev | Works the same as the AppleSoft POP statement with the exception of it also can be used with the ACOS PUSH command. |
-| POSITION | POSITION #device, record_length, record_number [,offset] | dev | The POSITION statement is used to position within a random access file. The *device* argument is the disk device channel number that was used to open the file. The *record_length* argument is the length of each record. The *record_number* argument is the record number to be positioned to. The optional *offset* argument is the offset within the record that is to be positioned to. Note that there is no check to see if files actually conform to *record_length*; it along with the other *record_number* and *offset* arguments simply form a means of providing a calculation for a byte offset in the file as a while. For example, POSITION #1, 1000, 3, 50 would result in seeking file device #1 to the 3050'th byte in the file. |
-| PRINT | PRINT [#device,] [expression] [,expression] [;] | dev | Sends/displays text or data to the screen, remote user, or specified device handler. There are a few rules for PRINT:- control: ',' - the comma is used to separate expressions within the print statement and will be printed literally, i.e. this is for creating comma-separated file output.
- control: ';' - the semi-colon is also used to separate expressions it will not be printed when encountered, if a semi-colon is the last character in the line, then the carriage return will be suppressed.
- control: '\\' - the backslash is used to generate a newline character. Using the backslash, there is no need to put a bunch of
print:print... statements. - exprs: TEXT - text must be contained within quotes and will be printed exactly as typed. Within quotes, you may have any special characters including return. Having an open quote with no close can prove to be an interesting experience. BJB TODO: Need to figure out what this means!?
- exprs: STRING- the contents of the listed string will be printed.
- exprs: NUMBER- the content of the listed number will be printed.
|
-| PUBLIC | PUBLIC label | dev | The PUBLIC statement is used to make a label within a program module available to other modules to LINK to. If you wish to link to another program module, and start execution at a point other than the beginning of the module, you will need to make that point public. You can have a maximum of 8 public labels within a program module. |
-| PUSH | PUSH label | dev | The PUSH statement is a subset of the GOSUB statement. It does not actually change the current point of execution, but places a return address in a table so that the next time a RETURN statement is encountered, control will return to this present point. A POP statement will remove the last address added to the return table. |
-| RAM | RAM | dev | The RAM function is really just a constant pointer. It just points to a free 64 bytes of memory that has been set aside for program use. |
-| RAM2 | RAM2 | dev | The RAM2 function is the same as the RAM function except that it points to a different 64 bytes that are available for program use. Generally this memory is used in conjunction with the READ, WRITE, NIBBLE and BYTE functions. |
-| RANDOM | expression=RANDOM(number) | dev | The RANDOM function is used to generate a random number within the range 0-number. A new random number will be generated every time the system goes to get input. If you take two random numbers in a row, they will always be the same. If you need more than one, use the RND$ string between. The RND$ string will cause the random number generator to re-random. |
-| READ | READ #device, memloc, number | dev | The READ statement is used to load data from a file into memory in its binary form without any processing or changing. The input does not have to come from a file, it can come from the editor or a message file. It is similar to an Apple DOS BLOAD command. |
-| READY | READY filename
READY #MSG(number) | dev | The READY statement is used to make a message file ready for use. It is similar to an OPEN statement being used before a file is accessed. After a message file is ready, all the following references to MSG will be directed to that file. Once a message file has been made ready, it can also be used in its second syntax to ready a specific message within the file. This is generally used if further references to the file will use the device channel associated with the message base. |
-| RETURN | RETURN | dev | Appears to have same function as the AppleSoft RETURN statement. BJB TODO: rewrite this. |
-| REWIND | REWIND | dev | The REWIND statement is to change the pointer within a message file to some previously accessed point within the file. Normally this is used in conjunction with the READY MSG(x):COPY #7 statements. Using REWIND will put the internal pointer back to where it was before the last message operation took place. This is generally used for doing a 're-read' function of sorts. |
-| RIGHT$ | string=RIGHT$(source, length) | dev | Returns the last *length* number of characters from the *source*. |
-| RND$ | char=RND$ | dev | The RND$ function is used to generate random characters. Each time RND$ is accessed a new random character will be returned. Be warned: the random number is generated from timing how long a user takes to enter his input. This is really a pretty random number since it is based on the users typing skill and speed. The only problem is that the random character generator can start repeating patterns after about 15-20 characters have been generated and before another input has taken place. REMY TODO: Is this how your implementation works? |
-| SET | SET string=memloc, number | dev | The SET statement is another statement set up for the optimum management of memory. With SET you can manually set up pointers for strings anywhere in memory. Along with the locations of the string, you can also specify the length. Whenever the string is accessed, the text present at the memory locations will be returned. |
-| SETINT | SETINT (string1 [,string1...])
SETINT ("")
SETINT (number) | dev | The SETINT command is used to set up 'interrupt' keys. Once setup the system will check for those keys whenever text is being displayed. If one of the keys are encountered, all further output will be suppressed until an input statement of some kind is encountered or the SETINT is reset. To reset the SETINT command, use the second syntax. If you wish to set the interrupt keys to those pre-defined by the ACOS config program, use the third syntax. SETINT(1) will set the interrupt key to the 'file stop' character. SETINT(2) will set the interrupt keys to the 'file stop' and 'file next' characters. |
-| STR$ | string=STR$(number) | dev | Returns the numerical supplied numerical expression as a string. |
+| NIBBLE | NIBBLE=*memloc*
*numvar*=NIBBLE(*number*)
NIBBLE(*number*)=*number* | dev | The NIBBLE function is similar to the FLAG function in that it is a low overhead data storage method. With the NIBBLE function, you can store 4 bit numbers that have the range 0-15. Use the first syntax of NIBBLE to point to the memory where the data will be stored. Use the second and third syntax to read and write the actual data. BJB TODO: Need to clarify the 3rd form. |
+| NOT | *expression*= NOT *expression* | dev | The NOT operator is a boolean logic operator. It changes the value of an expression from true to false or from false to true. In booleon logic, false is considered to be zero while not false or true, is considered to be any other number. The NOT operator is most commonly used in IF statements. |
+| ON NOCAR | ON NOCAR GOTO *label* | dev | The *ON NOCAR* statement is used to setup a routine that can be used when carrier is lost or otherwise the connection with a remote user is dropped. When the connection is lost, ACOS will then hang up the modem / terminate the connection. It will then change the current execution point to the label that was setup, i.e. a GOTO *label*. Whenever you link to another segment you must set up a new *ON NOCAR* vector to a routine within that segment. If you don't have a vector set up and a remote caller drops carrier, the system will just sit there until it times out. |
+| OPEN | OPEN #*device*, *filename* | dev | The OPEN statement is used to make disk files ready to do I/O with out a program. You open a disk file using either device channel 1 or 2, and all further references to that channel will access the file associated with it. When you are finished with the file, use the CLOSE command. This will free up the device channel for later use. If you try to use a channel that is already in use, or one besides channel 1 or 2, you will get a BAD DEVICE CHANNEL error. If the file you open does not exist, no error will be generated. If you try to read from the file, it will appear to be empty. Use the CREATE command to make a file. |
+| PDL | *expression*=PDL(*number*) | dev | The PDL function is used to read one of the paddles on the system, specified by *number*. You can read paddle zero through three. The value returned will be in the range 0-255. |
+| PEEK | *expression*=PEEK(*address*) | dev | Returns the value of the byte located at *address*. REMY TODO: Does this work in A2osX? Perhaps limit it to $C000-CFFF? |
+| POKE | POKE *address*, *value* | dev | Sets the value of the memory location specified at *address* with *value*. REMY TODO: Does this work in A2osX? Perhaps limit it to $C000-CFFF? |
+| POP | POP | dev | Removes the last execution address from the stack, i.e. if a PUSH or GOSUB was called which put an execution address on the stack, the POP command can be used to remove it (and render that PUSH or GOSUB 'forgotten'). Works the same as the AppleSoft POP statement with the exception of it also can be used with the ACOS PUSH command. |
+| POSITION | POSITION #*device,* *record_length,* *record_number* [,*offset*] | dev | The POSITION statement is used to position within a random access file. The *device* argument is the disk device channel number that was used to open the file. The *record_length* argument is the length of each record. The *record_number* argument is the record number to be positioned to. The optional *offset* argument is the offset within the record that is to be positioned to. Note that there is no check to see if files actually conform to *record_length*; it along with the other *record_number* and *offset* arguments simply form a means of providing a calculation for a byte offset in the file as a while. For example, POSITION #1, 1000, 3, 50 would result in seeking file device #1 to the 3050'th byte in the file. |
+| PRINT | PRINT [#*device*,] [*expression*] [,*expression*] [;] | dev | Sends/displays text or data to the screen, remote user, or specified device handler. There are a few rules for PRINT:- control: ',' - the comma is used to separate expressions within the print statement and will be printed literally, i.e. this is for creating comma-separated file output.
- control: ';' - the semi-colon is also used to separate expressions it will not be printed when encountered, if a semi-colon is the last character in the line, then the carriage return will be suppressed.
- control: '\\' - the backslash is used to generate a newline character. Using the backslash, there is no need to put a bunch of
print:print... statements. - exprs: TEXT - text must be contained within quotes and will be printed exactly as typed. Within quotes, you may have any special characters including return. Note that you MUST close quotes on the same line - multi-line quotes are not allowed.
- exprs: STRING- the contents of the listed string will be printed.
- exprs: NUMBER- the content of the listed number will be printed.
|
+| PUBLIC | PUBLIC *label* | dev | The PUBLIC statement is used to make a label within a program module available to other modules to LINK to. If you wish to link to another program module, and start execution at a point other than the beginning of the module, you will need to make that point public. You can have a maximum of 8 public labels within a program module. |
+| PUSH | PUSH *label* | dev | The PUSH statement is a subset of the GOSUB statement. It does not actually change the current point of execution, but places a return address on the stack so that the next time a RETURN statement is encountered, control will return to this present point. A POP statement will remove the last address added to the return table. |
+| RAM | RAM | dev | The RAM function is really just a constant pointer. It just points to a free 64 bytes of memory that has been set aside for program use. |
+| RAM2 | RAM2 | dev | The RAM2 function is the same as the RAM function except that it points to a different 64 bytes that are available for program use. Generally this memory is used in conjunction with the READ, WRITE, NIBBLE, and BYTE functions. |
+| RANDOM | *expression*=RANDOM(*number*) | dev | The RANDOM function is used to generate a random number within the range 0-*number*. It is important to note that the random number generator only runs when the system goes to get input. In other words, if you take two random numbers in a row without some kind of user input in the middle, the random numbers will always be the same. If you need more than one, use the RND$ string between. The RND$ string will cause the random number generator to re-random. REMY TODO: Is there an A2osX random number service that would be used instead? |
+| READ | READ #*device*, *memloc*, *number* | dev | The READ statement is used to load data from a file into memory in its binary form without any processing or changing. The input does not have to come from a file, it can come from the editor or a message file. It is similar to an Apple DOS BLOAD command. BJB TODO: Need to improve this to describe memloc, number. |
+| READY | READY *filename*
READY #MSG(*number*) | dev | The READY statement is used to make a message file ready for use. It is similar to an OPEN statement being used before a file is accessed. After a message file is ready, all the following references to MSG will be directed to that file. Once a message file has been made ready, it can also be used in its second syntax to ready a specific message within the file. This is generally used if further references to the file will use the device channel associated with the message base. |
+| RETURN | RETURN | dev | Return from a subroutine. More specifically, it retrieves the last execution point off the stack and continues program execution from that point. Used in conjunction with GOSUB and PUSH statements. |
+| REWIND | REWIND | dev | The REWIND statement is to change the pointer within a message file to some previously accessed point within the file. Normally this is used in conjunction with the READY MSG(x):COPY #7 statements. Using REWIND will put the internal pointer back to where it was before the last message operation took place. This is generally used for doing a 're-read' function of sorts. |
+| RIGHT$ | *string*=RIGHT$(*source*, *length*) | dev | Returns the last *length* number of characters from the *source*. |
+| RND$ | *char*=RND$ | dev | The RND$ function is used to generate random characters. Each time RND$ is accessed a new random character will be returned. Be warned: the random number is generated from timing how long a user takes to enter his input. This is really a pretty random number since it is based on the users typing skill and speed. The only problem is that the random character generator can start repeating patterns after about 15-20 characters have been generated and before another input has taken place. REMY TODO: Is this how your implementation works or are you using an A2osX random generator? |
+| SET | SET *string*=*memloc*, *number* | dev | The SET statement is another statement set up for the optimum management of memory. With SET you can manually set up pointers for strings anywhere in memory. Along with the locations of the string, you can also specify the length. Whenever the string is accessed, the text present at the memory locations will be returned. |
+| SETINT | SETINT (*string1* [,*string1*...])
SETINT ("")
SETINT (*number*) | dev | The SETINT command is used to set up 'interrupt' keys. Once setup the system will check for those keys whenever text is being displayed. If one of the keys are encountered, all further output will be suppressed until an input statement of some kind is encountered or the SETINT is reset. To reset the SETINT command, use the second syntax. If you wish to set the interrupt keys to those pre-defined by the ACOS config program, use the third syntax. SETINT(1) will set the interrupt key to the 'file stop' character. SETINT(2) will set the interrupt keys to the 'file stop' and 'file next' characters. |
+| STR$ | *string*=STR$(*number*) | dev | Returns the numerical supplied numerical expression as a string. |
| TEXT | TEXT | dev | Used to clear the screen and any window on the local console. BJB REMY TODO: How is this different from HOME? |
-| THEN | THEN | dev | Separates statements within IF statements. |
-| TIME$ | string=TIME$ | dev | The TIME$ function is used to get the current time from your clock. If your system is equipped with a clock, the time will be returned in a "HH:MM:SS XM" format. If your clock is in the 24 hour configuration then it will be returned in the "HH:MM:SS" format. If you have no clock, then your estimated time on will be returned. The estimated time is based upon the number of characters output and the speed they were sent. The format for estimated time is "HH:MM:SS ET". When the clock is first reset via a MODEM(0) command, the time will be "00:00:00 ET" and will advance from there. REMY TODO: How is your implementation of no clocks? |
-| TONE | TONE (pitch, duration) | dev | The TONE function is used to generate a tone from the speaker in your computer. BJB TODO: Need to determine limits. |
-| UPDATE | UPDATE | dev | The UPDATE statement is used to write any information about the current message base from memory out to disk. Normally, certain things are buffered and will stay within memory for long periods of time. In the event of a power failure or a system reset, this data will be lost before it is written out to disk. Use the UPDATE statement to force the data to be written out to disk. |
-| USE | USE filename [,any options] | dev | The USE statement is used to access a routine that is external to the ACOS language. What happens is that the USE statement loads in an external command and transfer control to that command. The command will normally get parameters from the continuation of the line after the filename argument. REMY TODO: This is used for protocol handlers; have you implemented something for this? |
-| VAL | expression=VAL(string) | dev | Returns the numerical value of a number spelled out in a string. |
-| WHEN$ | WHEN\$=address
string=WHEN\$
WHEN\$=string | dev | The WHEN$ function is really just a data compression scheme. You initially point WHEN$ to a address in memory. At this address there must be 2 free bytes. When you read from WHEN$, the 2 bytes will be retrieved from the memory location and translated into a "MM/DD/YY" format. When you assign WHEN$ a value, the current date will be read and changed into a 2 byte compressed format and saved at the current address pointer. |
-| WIDTH | expression=WIDTH(number) | dev | The WIDTH function is really an interface to the config program. It will return 4 widths that were setup as the most commonly used widths under config, along with the width that should be used for a default when the video width is not known. WIDTH(1-4) will return the 4 most commonly used widths. WIDTH(0) will return the number of the width(1-4) that should be used as a default. |
-| WRITE | WRITE #device, memloc, number | dev | The WRITE statement is the opposite of the READ statement. It is used to write unprocessed binary data from memory to a file or other device. Almost all the device channels can be written and none will generate errors. Just specify the memory location and length to be written. |
+| THEN | THEN | dev | Separates statements within IF statements. |
+| TIME$ | *string*=TIME$ | dev | The TIME$ function is used to get the current time from your clock. If your system is equipped with a clock, the time will be returned in a "HH:MM:SS XM" format. If your clock is in the 24 hour configuration then it will be returned in the "HH:MM:SS" format. If you have no clock, then your estimated time on will be returned. The estimated time is based upon the number of characters output and the speed they were sent. The format for estimated time is "HH:MM:SS ET". When the clock is first reset via a MODEM(0) command, the time will be "00:00:00 ET" and will advance from there. REMY TODO: How is your implementation of no clocks? |
+| TONE | TONE (*pitch*, *duration*) | dev | The TONE function is used to generate a tone from the speaker in your computer. BJB TODO: Need to determine limits. |
+| UPDATE | UPDATE | dev | The UPDATE statement is used to write any information about the current message base from memory out to disk (i.e. a flush operation). Normally, certain things are buffered and will stay within memory for long periods of time. In the event of a power failure or a system reset, this data will be lost before it is written out to disk. Use the UPDATE statement to force the data to be written out to disk. |
+| USE | USE *filename* [,*any options*] | dev | The USE statement is used to access a routine that is external to the ACOS language. What happens is that the USE statement loads in an external command and transfer control to that command. The command will normally get parameters from the continuation of the line after the *filename* argument. REMY TODO: This is used for protocol handlers; have you implemented something for this? |
+| VAL | *expression*=VAL(*string*) | dev | Returns the numerical value of a number spelled out in a string. |
+| WHEN$ | WHEN\$=*address*
*string*=WHEN\$
WHEN\$=*string* | dev | The WHEN$ function is really just a data compression scheme. You initially point WHEN$ to a address in memory. At this address there must be 2 free bytes. When you read from WHEN$, the 2 bytes will be retrieved from the memory location and translated into a "MM/DD/YY" format. When you assign WHEN$ a value, the current date will be read and changed into a 2 byte compressed format and saved at the current address pointer. |
+| WIDTH | *expression*=WIDTH(*number*) | dev | The WIDTH function is really an interface to the config program. It will return 4 widths that were setup as the most commonly used widths under config, along with the width that should be used for a default when the video width is not known. WIDTH(1-4) will return the 4 most commonly used widths. WIDTH(0) will return the number of the width(1-4) that should be used as a default. |
+| WRITE | WRITE #*device*, *memloc*, *number* | dev | The WRITE statement is the opposite of the READ statement. It is used to write unprocessed binary data from memory to a file or other device. Almost all the device channels can be written and none will generate errors. Just specify the memory location and length to be written. BJB TODO: Need to expand on this for the arguments. |