# Disk 4: Basic Math and Pseudorandom Numbers



The Basic Math collection contains macros and subroutines dedicated to addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations, as well as a 16-bit comparison routine and several macros for generating pseudorandom numbers. These are grouped into several macro files, as such:



- [MAC.D8BY.ASM](#mac.d8by.asm)
  - This group contains macros that are used to divide an 8-bit number by a fixed constant between 2 and 10.
- [MAC.M8BY.ASM](#mac.m8by.asm)
  - This group contains macros that are used to multiply an 8-bit number by a fixed constant between 2 and 10.
- [MAC.M16BY.ASM](#mac.m16by.asm)
  - This group contains macros that are used to multiply a 16-bit number by a fixed constant between 2 and 10, as well as by 100.
- [MAC.MATH8.ASM](#mac.math8.asm)
  - This group contains macros for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing 8-bit numbers.
- [MAC.MATH16.ASM](#mac.math16.asm)
  - This group contains macros for adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing 16-bit numbers. It also includes a macro for 16-bit comparison.
- [MAC.MATHRND.ASM](#mac.mathrnd.asm)
  - This group contains macros for managing and generating pseudorandom numbers.























### MAC.D8BY.ASM

| MACRO    | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS | ACTION                          | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| -------- | ---------- | ---------- | ------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `D8BY2`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by two   | NZCV     | 6      | 4     |
| `D8BY3`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by three | NZCV     | 29     | 19    |
| `D8BY4`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by four  | NZCV     | 8      | 5     |
| `D8BY5`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by five  | NZCV     | 34     | 21    |
| `D8BY6`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by six   | NZCV     | 36     | 21    |
| `D8BY7`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by seven | NZCV     | 33     | 19    |
| `D8BY8`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by eight | NZCV     | 10     | 6     |
| `D8BY9`  | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by nine  | NZCV     | 36     | 21    |
| `D8BY10` | none       | none       | Divide an 8-bit number by ten   | NZCV     | 36     | 21    |



### MAC.M8BY.ASM

| MACRO    | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS | ACTION                            | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| -------- | ---------- | ---------- | --------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `M8BY2`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by two   | NZCV     | 6      | 4     |
| `M8BY3`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by three | NZCV     | 6      | 4     |
| `M8BY4`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by four  | NZCV     | 8      | 5     |
| `M8BY5`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by five  | NZCV     | 15     | 10    |
| `M8BY6`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by six   | NZCV     | 15     | 10    |
| `M8BY7`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by seven | NZCV     | 33     | 20    |
| `M8BY8`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by eight | NZCV     | 10     | 6     |
| `M8BY9`  | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by nine  | NZCV     | 18     | 11    |
| `M8BY10` | none       | none       | Multiply an 8-bit number by ten   | NZCV     | 18     | 11    |



### MAC.M16BY.ASM

| MACRO     | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS | ACTION                                  | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| --------- | ---------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `M16BY2`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by two         | NZCV     | 20     | 13    |
| `M16BY3`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by three       | NZCV     | 47     | 32    |
| `M16BY4`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by four        | NZCV     | 37     | 24    |
| `M16BY5`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by five        | NZCV     | 46     | 30    |
| `M16BY6`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by six         | NZCV     | 58     | 38    |
| `M16BY7`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by seven       | NZCV     | 72     | 47    |
| `M16BY8`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by eight       | NZCV     | 34     | 21    |
| `M16BY9`  | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by nine        | NZCV     | 62     | 36    |
| `M16BY10` | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by ten         | NZCV     | 66     | 39    |
| `M16BY1H` | none       | none       | Multiply a 16-bit number by one hundred | NZCV     | 124    | 70    |



### MAC.MATH8.ASM

| MACRO  | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS                                  | ACTION                                 | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| ------ | ---------- | ------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `ADD8` | none       | ]1 = number to add <br />]2 = number to add | Add two 8-bit numbers                  | NZCV     | 21     | 15    |
| `SUB8` | none       | ]1 = Minuend </br>]2 = Subtrahend           | Subtract one 8-bit number from another | NZCV     | 21     | 15    |
| `MUL8` | `MULTU8`   | ]1 = Multiplicand<br />]2 = Multiplier      | Multiply two 8-bit numbers             | NZCV     | 97     | 56    |
| `DIV8` | `DIVDU8`   | ]1 = Dividend<br />]2 = Divisor             | Divide one 8-bit number by another     | NZCV     | 75     | 43    |



### MAC.MATH16.ASM

| MACRO   | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS                                                   | ACTION                                  | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| ------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `ADD16` | `ADDIT16`  | ]1 = First number to add<br />]2 = Second number to add      | Add two 16-bit numbers                  | NZCV     | 78     | 51    |
| `SUB16` | `SUBT16`   | ]1 = Minuend<br >]2 = Subtrahend                             | Subtract one 16-bit number from another | NZCV     | 79     | 51    |
| `MUL16` | `MULTU16`  | ]1 = Multiplier<br />]2 = Multiplicand                       | Multiply two 16-bit numbers             | NZCV     | 144    | 91    |
| `DIV16` | `DIVDU16`  | ]1 = Dividend<br />]2 = Divisor                              | Divide one 16-bit number by another     | NZCV     | 133    | 81    |
| `CMP16` | `COMP16`   | ]1 = First Comparison Number <br />]2 = Second Comparison Number | Compare one 16-bit number to another    | NZCV     | 100    | 53    |



### MAC.MATHRND.ASM

| MACRO    | DEPENDENCY | PARAMETERS                            | ACTION                                                    | DESTROYS | CYCLES | BYTES |
| -------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------ | ----- |
| `RNDEOR` | none       | ]1 = Seed <br />]2 = EOR Index        | Set the seed and magic number value                       | NZCV     | 30     | 22    |
| `RNDMZ`  | none       | ]1 = Seed<br />]2 = EOR Magic Number  | Set the seed and set the magic number index               | NZCV     | 56     | 35    |
| `RND8`   | `RAND8`    | none                                  | Generate a value between 0 and 255                        | NZCV     | 51     | 30    |
| `RAND`   | `RANDB`    | ]1 = Low bounds<br />]2 = High bounds | Generate a value between a given low value and high value | NZCV     | 263    | 171   |
| `RND16`  | `RAND16`   | none                                  | Generate a value between 0 and 65,355                     | NZCV     | 101    | 63    |