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#!/usr/bin/python
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# system packages
import sys
import os
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import argparse
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import re
# external packages
import png # package name is "pypng" on pypi.python.org
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def slugify ( s ) :
""" Simplifies ugly strings into something that can be used as an assembler
label .
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>> > print slugify ( " [Some] _ Article ' s Title-- " )
SOME_ARTICLES_TITLE
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From https : / / gist . github . com / dolph / 3622892 #file-slugify-py
"""
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# "[Some] _ Article's Title--"
# "[SOME] _ ARTICLE'S TITLE--"
s = s . upper ( )
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# "[SOME] _ ARTICLE'S_TITLE--"
# "[SOME]___ARTICLE'S_TITLE__"
for c in [ ' ' , ' - ' , ' . ' , ' / ' ] :
s = s . replace ( c , ' _ ' )
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# "[SOME]___ARTICLE'S_TITLE__"
# "SOME___ARTICLES_TITLE__"
s = re . sub ( ' \ W ' , ' ' , s )
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# "SOME___ARTICLES_TITLE__"
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE "
s = s . replace ( ' _ ' , ' ' )
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE "
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE "
s = re . sub ( ' \ s+ ' , ' ' , s )
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE "
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE"
s = s . strip ( )
# "SOME ARTICLES TITLE"
# "SOME_ARTICLES_TITLE"
s = s . replace ( ' ' , ' _ ' )
return s
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class AssemblerSyntax ( object ) :
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extension = " s "
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comment_char = " ; "
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def asm ( self , text ) :
return " \t %s " % text
def comment ( self , text ) :
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return " \t %s %s " % ( self . comment_char , text )
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def label ( self , text ) :
return text
def byte ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " .byte %s " % text )
def word ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " .word %s " % text )
def address ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " .addr %s " % text )
def origin ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " *= %s " % text )
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def include ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " .include \" %s \" " % text )
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def binary_constant ( self , value ) :
try :
# already a string
_ = len ( value )
return " # %% %s " % value
except TypeError :
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return " # %% %s " % format ( value , " 08b " )
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class Mac65 ( AssemblerSyntax ) :
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def address ( self , text ) :
return self . asm ( " .word %s " % text )
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def binary_constant ( self , value ) :
try :
# a string
value = int ( value , 2 )
except TypeError :
pass
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return " #~ %s " % format ( value , " 08b " )
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class CC65 ( AssemblerSyntax ) :
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extension = " s "
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def label ( self , text ) :
return " %s : " % text
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class Listing ( object ) :
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def __init__ ( self , assembler ) :
self . assembler = assembler
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self . lines = [ ]
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self . current = None
self . desired_count = 1
self . stash_list = [ ]
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self . slug = " sprite-driver "
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def __str__ ( self ) :
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self . flush_stash ( )
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return " \n " . join ( self . lines ) + " \n "
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def get_filename ( self , basename ) :
return " %s - %s . %s " % ( basename , self . slug . lower ( ) , self . assembler . extension )
def write ( self , basename , disclaimer ) :
filename = self . get_filename ( basename )
print ( " Writing to %s " % filename )
with open ( filename , " w " ) as fh :
fh . write ( disclaimer + " \n \n " )
fh . write ( str ( self ) )
return filename
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def out ( self , line = " " ) :
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self . flush_stash ( )
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self . lines . append ( line )
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def out_append_last ( self , line ) :
self . lines [ - 1 ] + = line
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def pop_asm ( self , cmd = " " ) :
self . flush_stash ( )
if cmd :
search = self . assembler . asm ( cmd )
i = - 1
while self . lines [ i ] . strip ( ) . startswith ( self . assembler . comment_char ) :
i - = 1
if self . lines [ i ] == search :
self . lines . pop ( i )
else :
self . lines . pop ( - 1 )
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def label ( self , text ) :
self . out ( self . assembler . label ( text ) )
def comment ( self , text ) :
self . out_append_last ( self . assembler . comment ( text ) )
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def comment_line ( self , text ) :
self . out ( self . assembler . comment ( text ) )
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def asm ( self , text ) :
self . out ( self . assembler . asm ( text ) )
def addr ( self , text ) :
self . out ( self . assembler . address ( text ) )
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def include ( self , text ) :
self . out ( self . assembler . include ( text ) )
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def flush_stash ( self ) :
if self . current is not None and len ( self . stash_list ) > 0 :
self . lines . append ( self . current ( " , " . join ( self . stash_list ) ) )
self . current = None
self . stash_list = [ ]
self . desired_count = 1
def stash ( self , desired , text , per_line ) :
if self . current is not None and ( self . current != desired or per_line == 1 ) :
self . flush_stash ( )
if per_line > 1 :
if self . current is None :
self . current = desired
self . desired_count = per_line
self . stash_list . append ( text )
if len ( self . stash_list ) > = self . desired_count :
self . flush_stash ( )
else :
self . out ( desired ( text ) )
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def binary_constant ( self , value ) :
return self . assembler . binary_constant ( value )
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def byte ( self , text , per_line = 1 ) :
self . stash ( self . assembler . byte , text , per_line )
def word ( self , text , per_line = 1 ) :
self . stash ( self . assembler . word , text , per_line )
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class Sprite ( Listing ) :
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backing_store_sizes = set ( )
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def __init__ ( self , pngfile , assembler , screen , xdraw = False , use_mask = False , backing_store = False , processor = " any " , name = " " ) :
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Listing . __init__ ( self , assembler )
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self . screen = screen
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reader = png . Reader ( pngfile )
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pngdata = reader . asRGB8 ( )
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self . xdraw = xdraw
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self . use_mask = use_mask
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self . backing_store = backing_store
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self . processor = processor
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if not name :
name = os . path . splitext ( pngfile ) [ 0 ]
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self . slug = slugify ( name )
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self . width = pngdata [ 0 ]
self . height = pngdata [ 1 ]
self . pixelData = list ( pngdata [ 2 ] )
self . jumpTable ( )
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for i in range ( self . screen . numShifts ) :
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self . blitShift ( i )
def jumpTable ( self ) :
# Prologue
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self . label ( " %s " % self . slug )
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self . comment ( " %d bytes per row " % self . screen . byteWidth ( self . width ) )
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if self . processor == " any " :
self . out ( " .ifpC02 " )
self . jump65C02 ( )
self . out ( " .else " )
self . jump6502 ( )
self . out ( " .endif " )
elif self . processor == " 65C02 " :
self . jump65C02 ( )
elif self . processor == " 6502 " :
self . jump6502 ( )
else :
raise RuntimeError ( " Processor %s not supported " % self . processor )
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def save_axy_65C02 ( self ) :
self . asm ( " pha " )
self . asm ( " phx " )
self . asm ( " phy " )
def restore_axy_65C02 ( self ) :
self . asm ( " ply " )
self . asm ( " plx " )
self . asm ( " pla " )
def save_axy_6502 ( self ) :
self . asm ( " pha " )
self . asm ( " txa " )
self . asm ( " pha " )
self . asm ( " tya " )
self . asm ( " pha " )
def restore_axy_6502 ( self ) :
self . asm ( " pla " )
self . asm ( " tay " )
self . asm ( " pla " )
self . asm ( " tax " )
self . asm ( " pla " )
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def jump65C02 ( self ) :
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self . save_axy_65C02 ( )
self . asm ( " ldy PARAM0 " )
self . asm ( " ldx MOD %d _ %d ,y " % ( self . screen . numShifts , self . screen . bitsPerPixel ) )
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self . asm ( " jmp ( %s _JMP,x) \n " % ( self . slug ) )
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offset_suffix = " "
# Bit-shift jump table for 65C02
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self . label ( " %s _JMP " % ( self . slug ) )
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for shift in range ( self . screen . numShifts ) :
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self . addr ( " %s _SHIFT %d " % ( self . slug , shift ) )
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def jump6502 ( self ) :
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self . save_axy_6502 ( )
self . asm ( " ldy PARAM0 " )
self . asm ( " ldx MOD %d _ %d ,y " % ( self . screen . numShifts , self . screen . bitsPerPixel ) )
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# Fast jump table routine; faster and smaller than self-modifying code
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self . asm ( " lda %s _JMP+1,x " % ( self . slug ) )
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self . asm ( " pha " )
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self . asm ( " lda %s _JMP,x " % ( self . slug ) )
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self . asm ( " pha " )
self . asm ( " rts \n " )
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# Bit-shift jump table for generic 6502
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self . label ( " %s _JMP " % ( self . slug ) )
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for shift in range ( self . screen . numShifts ) :
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self . addr ( " %s _SHIFT %d -1 " % ( self . slug , shift ) )
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def blitShift ( self , shift ) :
# Blitting functions
self . out ( " \n " )
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# Track cycle count of the blitter. We start with fixed overhead:
# SAVE_AXY + RESTORE_AXY + rts + sprite jump table
cycleCount = 9 + 12 + 6 + 3 + 4 + 6
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self . label ( " %s _SHIFT %d " % ( self . slug , shift ) )
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colorStreams = self . screen . byteStreamsFromPixels ( shift , self )
maskStreams = self . screen . byteStreamsFromPixels ( shift , self , True )
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for c , m in zip ( colorStreams , maskStreams ) :
self . comment_line ( str ( c ) + " " + str ( m ) )
self . out ( " " )
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if self . backing_store :
byteWidth = len ( colorStreams [ 0 ] )
self . asm ( " jsr savebg_ %d x %d " % ( byteWidth , self . height ) )
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self . backing_store_sizes . add ( ( byteWidth , self . height ) )
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cycleCount + = 6
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cycleCount , optimizationCount = self . generateBlitter ( colorStreams , maskStreams , cycleCount )
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if self . processor == " any " :
self . out ( " .ifpC02 " )
self . restore_axy_65C02 ( )
self . out ( " .else " )
self . restore_axy_6502 ( )
self . out ( " .endif " )
elif self . processor == " 65C02 " :
self . restore_axy_65C02 ( )
elif self . processor == " 6502 " :
self . restore_axy_6502 ( )
else :
raise RuntimeError ( " Processor %s not supported " % self . processor )
self . asm ( " rts " )
self . comment ( " Cycle count: %d , Optimized %d rows. " % ( cycleCount , optimizationCount ) )
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def generateBlitter ( self , colorStreams , maskStreams , baseCycleCount ) :
byteWidth = len ( colorStreams [ 0 ] )
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cycleCount = baseCycleCount
optimizationCount = 0
for row in range ( self . height ) :
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cycleCount + = self . rowStartCalculatorCode ( row )
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byteSplits = colorStreams [ row ]
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maskSplits = maskStreams [ row ]
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byteCount = len ( byteSplits )
# number of trailing iny to remove due to unchanged bytes at the
# end of the row
skip_iny = 0
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# Generate blitting code
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for index , ( value , mask ) in enumerate ( zip ( byteSplits , maskSplits ) ) :
if index > 0 :
self . asm ( " iny " )
cycleCount + = 2
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# Optimization
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if mask == " 01111111 " :
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optimizationCount + = 1
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self . comment_line ( " byte %d : skipping! unchanged byte (mask = %s ) " % ( index , mask ) )
skip_iny + = 1
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else :
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value = self . binary_constant ( value )
skip_iny = 0
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# Store byte into video memory
if self . xdraw :
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self . asm ( " lda (SCRATCH0),y " )
self . asm ( " eor %s " % value )
self . asm ( " sta (SCRATCH0),y " ) ;
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cycleCount + = 5 + 2 + 6
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elif self . use_mask :
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if mask == " 00000000 " :
# replacing all the bytes; no need for and/or!
self . asm ( " lda %s " % value )
self . asm ( " sta (SCRATCH0),y " ) ;
cycleCount + = 2 + 5
else :
mask = self . binary_constant ( mask )
self . asm ( " lda (SCRATCH0),y " )
self . asm ( " and %s " % mask )
self . asm ( " ora %s " % value )
self . asm ( " sta (SCRATCH0),y " ) ;
cycleCount + = 5 + 2 + 2 + 6
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else :
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self . asm ( " lda %s " % value )
self . asm ( " sta (SCRATCH0),y " ) ;
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cycleCount + = 2 + 6
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while skip_iny > 0 :
self . pop_asm ( " iny " )
skip_iny - = 1
cycleCount - = 2
return cycleCount , optimizationCount
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def rowStartCalculatorCode ( self , row ) :
self . out ( )
self . comment_line ( " row %d " % row )
if row == 0 :
self . asm ( " ldx PARAM1 " )
cycles = 3
else :
self . asm ( " inx " )
cycles = 2
self . asm ( " lda HGRROWS_H1,x " )
self . asm ( " sta SCRATCH1 " )
self . asm ( " lda HGRROWS_L,x " )
self . asm ( " sta SCRATCH0 " )
self . asm ( " ldy PARAM0 " )
self . asm ( " lda DIV %d _ %d ,y " % ( self . screen . numShifts , self . screen . bitsPerPixel ) )
self . asm ( " tay " )
return cycles + 4 + 3 + 4 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 2 ;
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def shiftStringRight ( string , shift , bitsPerPixel , fillerBit ) :
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if shift == 0 :
return string
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shift * = bitsPerPixel
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result = " "
for i in range ( shift ) :
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result + = fillerBit
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result + = string
return result
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class ScreenFormat ( object ) :
numShifts = 8
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bitsPerPixel = 1
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screenWidth = 320
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screenHeight = 192
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def __init__ ( self ) :
self . offsets = self . generate_row_offsets ( )
self . numX = self . screenWidth / self . bitsPerPixel
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def byteWidth ( self , png_width ) :
return ( png_width * self . bitsPerPixel + self . numShifts - 1 ) / / self . numShifts + 1
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def bitsForColor ( self , pixel ) :
raise NotImplementedError
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def bitsForMask ( self , pixel ) :
raise NotImplementedError
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def pixelColor ( self , pixelData , row , col ) :
raise NotImplementedError
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def generate_row_offsets ( self ) :
offsets = [ 40 * y for y in range ( self . screenHeight ) ]
return offsets
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def generate_row_addresses ( self , baseAddr ) :
addrs = [ baseAddr + offset for offset in self . offsets ]
return addrs
class HGR ( ScreenFormat ) :
numShifts = 7
bitsPerPixel = 2
screenWidth = 280
black , magenta , green , orange , blue , white , key = range ( 7 )
def bitsForColor ( self , pixel ) :
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if pixel == self . black or pixel == self . key :
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return " 00 "
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else :
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if pixel == self . white :
return " 11 "
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else :
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if pixel == self . green or pixel == self . orange :
return " 01 "
# blue or magenta
return " 10 "
def bitsForMask ( self , pixel ) :
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if pixel == self . key :
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return " 11 "
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return " 00 "
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def highBitForColor ( self , pixel ) :
# Note that we prefer high-bit white because blue fringe is less noticeable than magenta.
highBit = " 0 "
if pixel == self . orange or pixel == self . blue or pixel == self . white :
highBit = " 1 "
return highBit
def highBitForMask ( self , pixel ) :
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return " 0 "
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def pixelColor ( self , pixelData , row , col ) :
r = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 ]
g = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 + 1 ]
b = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 + 2 ]
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rhi = r == 255
rlo = r == 0
ghi = g == 255
glo = g == 0
bhi = b == 255
blo = b == 0
if rhi and ghi and bhi :
color = self . white
elif rlo and glo and blo :
color = self . black
elif rhi and bhi :
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color = self . magenta
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elif rhi and g > 0 :
color = self . orange
elif bhi :
color = self . blue
elif ghi :
color = self . green
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else :
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# anything else is chroma key
color = self . key
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return color
def byteStreamsFromPixels ( self , shift , source , mask = False ) :
byteStreams = [ " " for x in range ( source . height ) ]
byteWidth = self . byteWidth ( source . width )
if mask :
bitDelegate = self . bitsForMask
highBitDelegate = self . highBitForMask
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fillerBit = " 1 "
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else :
bitDelegate = self . bitsForColor
highBitDelegate = self . highBitForColor
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fillerBit = " 0 "
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for row in range ( source . height ) :
bitStream = " "
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highBit = " 0 "
highBitFound = False
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# Compute raw bitstream for row from PNG pixels
for pixelIndex in range ( source . width ) :
pixel = self . pixelColor ( source . pixelData , row , pixelIndex )
bitStream + = bitDelegate ( pixel )
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# Determine palette bit from first non-black pixel on each row
if not highBitFound and pixel != self . black and pixel != self . key :
highBit = highBitDelegate ( pixel )
highBitFound = True
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# Shift bit stream as needed
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bitStream = shiftStringRight ( bitStream , shift , self . bitsPerPixel , fillerBit )
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bitStream = bitStream [ : byteWidth * 8 ]
# Split bitstream into bytes
bitPos = 0
byteSplits = [ 0 for x in range ( byteWidth ) ]
for byteIndex in range ( byteWidth ) :
remainingBits = len ( bitStream ) - bitPos
bitChunk = " "
if remainingBits < 0 :
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bitChunk = fillerBit * 7
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else :
if remainingBits < 7 :
bitChunk = bitStream [ bitPos : ]
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bitChunk + = fillerBit * ( 7 - remainingBits )
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else :
bitChunk = bitStream [ bitPos : bitPos + 7 ]
bitChunk = bitChunk [ : : - 1 ]
byteSplits [ byteIndex ] = highBit + bitChunk
bitPos + = 7
byteStreams [ row ] = byteSplits ;
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return byteStreams
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def generate_row_offsets ( self ) :
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offsets = [ ]
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for y in range ( self . screenHeight ) :
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# From Apple Graphics and Arcade Game Design
a = y / / 64
d = y - ( 64 * a )
b = d / / 8
c = d - 8 * b
offsets . append ( ( 1024 * c ) + ( 128 * b ) + ( 40 * a ) )
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return offsets
class HGRBW ( HGR ) :
bitsPerPixel = 1
def bitsForColor ( self , pixel ) :
if pixel == self . white :
return " 1 "
else :
return " 0 "
def bitsForMask ( self , pixel ) :
if pixel == self . key :
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return " 1 "
return " 0 "
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def pixelColor ( self , pixelData , row , col ) :
r = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 ]
g = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 + 1 ]
b = pixelData [ row ] [ col * 3 + 2 ]
color = self . black
if r == 255 and g == 255 and b == 255 :
color = self . white
elif r == g and r == b and r != 0 and r != 255 : # Any gray is chroma key
color = self . key
else :
color = self . black
return color
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class RowLookup ( Listing ) :
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def __init__ ( self , assembler , screen ) :
Listing . __init__ ( self , assembler )
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self . slug = " hgrrows "
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self . generate_y ( screen )
def generate_y ( self , screen ) :
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self . label ( " HGRROWS_H1 " )
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for addr in screen . generate_row_addresses ( 0x2000 ) :
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self . byte ( " $ %02x " % ( addr / / 256 ) , 8 )
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self . out ( " \n " )
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self . label ( " HGRROWS_H2 " )
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for addr in screen . generate_row_addresses ( 0x4000 ) :
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self . byte ( " $ %02x " % ( addr / / 256 ) , 8 )
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self . out ( " \n " )
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self . label ( " HGRROWS_L " )
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for addr in screen . generate_row_addresses ( 0x2000 ) :
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self . byte ( " $ %02x " % ( addr & 0xff ) , 8 )
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class ColLookup ( Listing ) :
def __init__ ( self , assembler , screen ) :
Listing . __init__ ( self , assembler )
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self . slug = " hgrcols- %d x %d " % ( screen . numShifts , screen . bitsPerPixel )
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self . generate_x ( screen )
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def generate_x ( self , screen ) :
self . out ( " \n " )
self . label ( " DIV %d _ %d " % ( screen . numShifts , screen . bitsPerPixel ) )
for pixel in range ( screen . numX ) :
self . byte ( " $ %02x " % ( ( pixel / screen . numShifts ) * screen . bitsPerPixel ) , screen . numShifts )
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self . out ( " \n " )
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self . label ( " MOD %d _ %d " % ( screen . numShifts , screen . bitsPerPixel ) )
for pixel in range ( screen . numX ) :
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# This is the index into the jump table, so it's always multiplied
# by 2
self . byte ( " $ %02x " % ( ( pixel % screen . numShifts ) * 2 ) , screen . numShifts )
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if __name__ == " __main__ " :
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disclaimer = '''
; This file was generated by HiSprite . py , a sprite compiler by Quinn Dunki .
; If you feel the need to modify this file , you are probably doing it wrong .
'''
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parser = argparse . ArgumentParser ( description = " Sprite compiler for 65C02/6502 to generate assembly code to render all shifts of the given sprite, optionally with exclusive-or drawing (if background will be non-black). Generated code has conditional compilation directives for the CC65 assembler to allow the same file to be compiled for either architecture. " )
parser . add_argument ( " -v " , " --verbose " , default = 0 , action = " count " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -c " , " --cols " , action = " store_true " , default = False , help = " output column (x position) lookup tables " )
parser . add_argument ( " -r " , " --rows " , action = " store_true " , default = False , help = " output row (y position) lookup tables " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -x " , " --xdraw " , action = " store_true " , default = False , help = " use XOR for sprite drawing " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -m " , " --mask " , action = " store_true " , default = False , help = " use mask for sprite drawing " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -b " , " --backing-store " , action = " store_true " , default = False , help = " add code to store background " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -a " , " --assembler " , default = " cc65 " , choices = [ " cc65 " , " mac65 " ] , help = " Assembler syntax (default: %(default)s ) " )
parser . add_argument ( " -p " , " --processor " , default = " any " , choices = [ " any " , " 6502 " , " 65C02 " ] , help = " Processor type (default: %(default)s ) " )
parser . add_argument ( " -s " , " --screen " , default = " hgrcolor " , choices = [ " hgrcolor " , " hgrbw " ] , help = " Screen format (default: %(default)s ) " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -n " , " --name " , default = " " , help = " Name for generated assembly function (default: based on image filename) " )
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parser . add_argument ( " -o " , " --output-prefix " , default = " " , help = " Base name to create a set of output files. If not supplied, all code will be sent to stdout. " )
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parser . add_argument ( " files " , metavar = " IMAGE " , nargs = " * " , help = " a PNG image [or a list of them]. PNG files must not have an alpha channel! " )
options , extra_args = parser . parse_known_args ( )
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if options . assembler . lower ( ) == " cc65 " :
assembler = CC65 ( )
elif options . assembler . lower ( ) == " mac65 " :
assembler = Mac65 ( )
else :
print ( " Unknown assembler %s " % options . assembler )
parser . print_help ( )
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sys . exit ( 1 )
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if options . screen . lower ( ) == " hgrcolor " :
screen = HGR ( )
elif options . screen . lower ( ) == " hgrbw " :
screen = HGRBW ( )
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else :
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print ( " Unknown screen format %s " % options . screen )
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parser . print_help ( )
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sys . exit ( 1 )
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listings = [ ]
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luts = { } # dict of lookup tables to prevent duplication in output files
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for pngfile in options . files :
try :
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listings . append ( Sprite ( pngfile , assembler , screen , options . xdraw , options . mask , options . backing_store , options . processor , options . name ) )
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except RuntimeError , e :
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print " %s : %s " % ( pngfile , e )
sys . exit ( 1 )
except png . Error , e :
print " %s : %s " % ( pngfile , e )
sys . exit ( 1 )
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if options . output_prefix :
r = RowLookup ( assembler , screen )
luts [ r . slug ] = r
c = ColLookup ( assembler , screen )
luts [ c . slug ] = c
listings . extend ( [ luts [ k ] for k in sorted ( luts . keys ( ) ) ] )
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if options . rows :
listings . append ( RowLookup ( assembler , screen ) )
if options . cols :
listings . append ( ColLookup ( assembler , screen ) )
if listings :
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if options . output_prefix :
driver = Listing ( assembler )
for source in listings :
genfile = source . write ( options . output_prefix , disclaimer )
driver . include ( genfile )
driver . write ( options . output_prefix , disclaimer )
else :
print disclaimer
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for section in listings :
print section