contiki/apps/erbium/erbium.h

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2011, Institute for Pervasive Computing, ETH Zurich
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*/
/**
* \file
* An abstraction layer for RESTful Web services
* \author
* Matthias Kovatsch <kovatsch@inf.ethz.ch>
*/
#ifndef ERBIUM_H_
#define ERBIUM_H_
/*includes*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include "contiki.h"
#include "contiki-lib.h"
/*
* The maximum buffer size that is provided for resource responses and must be respected due to the limited IP buffer.
* Larger data must be handled by the resource and will be sent chunk-wise through a TCP stream or CoAP blocks.
*/
#ifndef REST_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE
#define REST_MAX_CHUNK_SIZE 128
#endif
#ifndef MIN
#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b)? (a) : (b))
#endif /* MIN */
/* REST method types */
typedef enum {
/* methods to handle */
METHOD_GET = (1 << 0),
METHOD_POST = (1 << 1),
METHOD_PUT = (1 << 2),
METHOD_DELETE = (1 << 3),
/* special flags */
HAS_SUB_RESOURCES = (1<<7)
} rest_resource_flags_t;
struct resource_s;
struct periodic_resource_s;
/* Signatures of handler functions. */
typedef void (*restful_handler) (void* request, void* response, uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t preferred_size, int32_t *offset);
typedef int (*restful_pre_handler) (struct resource_s *resource, void* request, void* response);
typedef void (*restful_post_handler) (struct resource_s *resource, void* request, void* response);
typedef void (*restful_periodic_handler) (struct resource_s* resource);
typedef void (*restful_response_handler) (void *data, void* response);
/* Signature of the rest-engine service function. */
typedef int (* service_callback_t)(void *request, void *response, uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t preferred_size, int32_t *offset);
/**
* The structure of a MAC protocol driver in Contiki.
*/
struct rest_implementation_status
{
const unsigned int OK; /* CONTENT_2_05, OK_200 */
const unsigned int CREATED; /* CREATED_2_01, CREATED_201 */
const unsigned int CHANGED; /* CHANGED_2_04, NO_CONTENT_204 */
const unsigned int DELETED; /* DELETED_2_02, NO_CONTENT_204 */
const unsigned int NOT_MODIFIED; /* VALID_2_03, NOT_MODIFIED_304 */
const unsigned int BAD_REQUEST; /* BAD_REQUEST_4_00, BAD_REQUEST_400 */
const unsigned int UNAUTHORIZED; /* UNAUTHORIZED_4_01, UNAUTHORIZED_401 */
const unsigned int BAD_OPTION; /* BAD_OPTION_4_02, BAD_REQUEST_400 */
const unsigned int FORBIDDEN; /* FORBIDDEN_4_03, FORBIDDEN_403 */
const unsigned int NOT_FOUND; /* NOT_FOUND_4_04, NOT_FOUND_404 */
const unsigned int METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED; /* METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED_4_05, METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED_405 */
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const unsigned int NOT_ACCEPTABLE; /* NOT_ACCEPTABLE_4_06, NOT_ACCEPTABLE_406 */
const unsigned int REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE; /* REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE_4_13, REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE_413 */
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const unsigned int UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE; /* UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE_4_15, UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE_415 */
const unsigned int INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR; /* INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_5_00, INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500 */
const unsigned int NOT_IMPLEMENTED; /* NOT_IMPLEMENTED_5_01, NOT_IMPLEMENTED_501 */
const unsigned int BAD_GATEWAY; /* BAD_GATEWAY_5_02, BAD_GATEWAY_502 */
const unsigned int SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE; /* SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE_5_03, SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE_503 */
const unsigned int GATEWAY_TIMEOUT; /* GATEWAY_TIMEOUT_5_04, GATEWAY_TIMEOUT_504 */
const unsigned int PROXYING_NOT_SUPPORTED; /* PROXYING_NOT_SUPPORTED_5_05, INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_500 */
};
struct rest_implementation_type
{
unsigned int TEXT_PLAIN;
unsigned int TEXT_XML;
unsigned int TEXT_CSV;
unsigned int TEXT_HTML;
unsigned int IMAGE_GIF;
unsigned int IMAGE_JPEG;
unsigned int IMAGE_PNG;
unsigned int IMAGE_TIFF;
unsigned int AUDIO_RAW;
unsigned int VIDEO_RAW;
unsigned int APPLICATION_LINK_FORMAT;
unsigned int APPLICATION_XML;
unsigned int APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM;
unsigned int APPLICATION_RDF_XML;
unsigned int APPLICATION_SOAP_XML;
unsigned int APPLICATION_ATOM_XML;
unsigned int APPLICATION_XMPP_XML;
unsigned int APPLICATION_EXI;
unsigned int APPLICATION_FASTINFOSET;
unsigned int APPLICATION_SOAP_FASTINFOSET;
unsigned int APPLICATION_JSON;
unsigned int APPLICATION_X_OBIX_BINARY;
};
/*
* Data structure representing a resource in REST.
*/
struct resource_s {
struct resource_s *next; /* for LIST, points to next resource defined */
rest_resource_flags_t flags; /* handled RESTful methods */
const char* url; /*handled URL*/
const char* attributes; /* link-format attributes */
restful_handler handler; /* handler function */
restful_pre_handler pre_handler; /* to be called before handler, may perform initializations */
restful_post_handler post_handler; /* to be called after handler, may perform finalizations (cleanup, etc) */
void* user_data; /* pointer to user specific data */
unsigned int benchmark; /* to benchmark resource handler, used for separate response */
};
typedef struct resource_s resource_t;
struct periodic_resource_s {
struct periodic_resource_s *next; /* for LIST, points to next resource defined */
resource_t *resource;
uint32_t period;
struct etimer periodic_timer;
restful_periodic_handler periodic_handler;
};
typedef struct periodic_resource_s periodic_resource_t;
struct rest_implementation {
char *name;
/** Initialize the REST implementation. */
void (* init)(void);
/** Register the RESTful service callback at implementation */
void (* set_service_callback)(service_callback_t callback);
/** Get request URI path */
int (* get_url)(void *request, const char **url);
int (* set_url)(void *request, const char *url);
/** Get the method of a request. */
rest_resource_flags_t (* get_method_type)(void *request);
/** Set the status code of a response. */
int (* set_response_status)(void *response, unsigned int code);
/** Get the content-type of a request. */
unsigned int (* get_header_content_type)(void *request);
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/** Set the Content-Type of a response. */
int (* set_header_content_type)(void *response, unsigned int content_type);
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/** Get the Accept types of a request. */
int (* get_header_accept)(void *request, const uint16_t **accept);
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/** Get the Length option of a request. */
int (* get_header_length)(void *request, uint32_t *size);
/** Set the Length option of a response. */
int (* set_header_length)(void *response, uint32_t size);
/** Get the Max-Age option of a request. */
int (* get_header_max_age)(void *request, uint32_t *age);
/** Set the Max-Age option of a response. */
int (* set_header_max_age)(void *response, uint32_t age);
/** Set the ETag option of a response. */
int (* set_header_etag)(void *response, const uint8_t *etag, size_t length);
/** Get the If-Match option of a request. */
int (* get_header_if_match)(void *request, const uint8_t **etag);
/** Get the If-Match option of a request. */
int (* get_header_if_none_match)(void *request);
/** Get the Host option of a request. */
int (* get_header_host)(void *request, const char **host);
/** Set the location option of a response. */
int (* set_header_location)(void *response, const char *location);
/** Get the payload option of a request. */
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int (* get_request_payload)(void *request, const uint8_t **payload);
/** Set the payload option of a response. */
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int (* set_response_payload)(void *response, const void *payload, size_t length);
/** Get the query string of a request. */
int (* get_query)(void *request, const char **value);
/** Get the value of a request query key-value pair. */
int (* get_query_variable)(void *request, const char *name, const char **value);
/** Get the value of a request POST key-value pair. */
int (* get_post_variable)(void *request, const char *name, const char **value);
/** Send the payload to all subscribers of the resource at url. */
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void (* notify_subscribers)(resource_t *resource, int32_t counter, void *notification);
/** The handler for resource subscriptions. */
restful_post_handler subscription_handler;
/** A default pre-handler that is assigned with the RESOURCE macro. */
restful_pre_handler default_pre_handler;
/** A default post-handler that is assigned with the RESOURCE macro. */
restful_post_handler default_post_handler;
/* REST status codes. */
const struct rest_implementation_status status;
/* REST content-types. */
const struct rest_implementation_type type;
};
/*
* Instance of REST implementation
*/
extern const struct rest_implementation REST;
/*
* Macro to define a Resource
* Resources are statically defined for the sake of efficiency and better memory management.
*/
#define RESOURCE(name, flags, url, attributes) \
void name##_handler(void *, void *, uint8_t *, uint16_t, int32_t *); \
resource_t resource_##name = {NULL, flags, url, attributes, name##_handler, NULL, NULL, NULL}
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/*
* Macro to define a sub-resource
* Make sure to define its parent resource beforehand and set 'parent' to that name.
*/
#define SUB_RESOURCE(name, flags, url, attributes, parent) \
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resource_t resource_##name = {NULL, flags, url, attributes, parent##_handler, NULL, NULL, NULL}
/*
* Macro to define an event resource
* Like periodic resources, event resources have a post_handler that manages a subscriber list.
* Instead of a periodic_handler, an event_callback must be provided.
*/
#define EVENT_RESOURCE(name, flags, url, attributes) \
void name##_handler(void *, void *, uint8_t *, uint16_t, int32_t *); \
void name##_event_handler(resource_t*); \
resource_t resource_##name = {NULL, flags, url, attributes, name##_handler, NULL, NULL, NULL}
/*
* Macro to define a periodic resource
* The corresponding [name]_periodic_handler() function will be called every period.
* For instance polling a sensor and publishing a changed value to subscribed clients would be done there.
* The subscriber list will be maintained by the post_handler rest_subscription_handler() (see rest-mapping header file).
*/
#define PERIODIC_RESOURCE(name, flags, url, attributes, period) \
void name##_handler(void *, void *, uint8_t *, uint16_t, int32_t *); \
resource_t resource_##name = {NULL, flags, url, attributes, name##_handler, NULL, NULL, NULL}; \
void name##_periodic_handler(resource_t*); \
periodic_resource_t periodic_resource_##name = {NULL, &resource_##name, period, {{0}}, name##_periodic_handler}
/*
* Initializes REST framework and starts HTTP or COAP process
*/
void rest_init_engine(void);
/*
* Resources wanted to be accessible should be activated with the following code.
*/
void rest_activate_resource(resource_t* resource);
void rest_activate_periodic_resource(periodic_resource_t* periodic_resource);
void rest_activate_event_resource(resource_t* resource);
/*
* To be called by HTTP/COAP server as a callback function when a new service request appears.
* This function dispatches the corresponding RESTful service.
*/
int rest_invoke_restful_service(void* request, void* response, uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t buffer_size, int32_t *offset);
/*
* Returns the resource list
*/
list_t rest_get_resources(void);
/*
* Getter and setter methods for user specific data.
*/
void* rest_get_user_data(resource_t* resource);
void rest_set_user_data(resource_t* resource, void* user_data);
/*
* Sets the pre handler function of the Resource.
* If set, this function will be called just before the original handler function.
* Can be used to setup work before resource handling.
*/
void rest_set_pre_handler(resource_t* resource, restful_pre_handler pre_handler);
/*
* Sets the post handler function of the Resource.
* If set, this function will be called just after the original handler function.
* Can be used to do cleanup (deallocate memory, etc) after resource handling.
*/
void rest_set_post_handler(resource_t* resource, restful_post_handler post_handler);
/*
* Sets resource flags for special properties, e.g., handling of sub-resources of URI-path.
*/
void rest_set_special_flags(resource_t* resource, rest_resource_flags_t flags);
#endif /*ERBIUM_H_*/