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contiki/apps/httpd-ws/httpd-ws.c
Robert Quattlebaum f145c17039 core/net/resolv: IPv6 and mDNS ("Bonjour") support. Major refactor. 
This patch updates the DNS resolver to support IPv6 and introduces an
improved API for looking up DNS entries. This patch also adds optional
support for mDNS lookups and responses to the DNS resolver.

Here is a quick summary of the changes:

 * Added support for IPv6 lookups.
 * DNS queries now honor record expiration.
 * Added support for mDNS, compatible with "Bonjour".
 * Implemented a new lookup api, `resolv_lookup2()`, which provides
   more information about the state of the record(error, expired,
   looking-up, etc.).

About mDNS/Bonjour Support
--------------------------

This patch adds basic support for mDNS/Bonjour, which allows you to
refer to the name of a device instead of its IP address. This is
incredibly convenient for IPv6 addresses because they tend to be very
long and difficult to remember. It is especially important for
link-local IPv6 addresses, since not all programs support the '%'
notation for indicating a network interface (required on systems with
more than one network interface to disambiguate).

In other words, instead of typing in this:

 * `http://[fe80::58dc:d7ed:a644:628f%en1]/`

You can type this instead:

 * `http://contiki.local/`

Huge improvement, no?

The convenience extends beyond that: this mechanism can be used for
nodes to talk to each other based on their human-readable names instead
of their IPv6 addresses. So instead of a switch on
`aaaa::58dc:d7ed:a644:628f` triggering an actuator on
`aaaa::ed26:19c1:4bd2:f95b`, `light-switch.local` can trigger the
actuator on `living-room-lights.local`.

What you need to do to be able to look up `.local` names on your
workstation depends on a few factors:

 * Your machine needs to be able to send and receive multicast packets
   to and from the LoWPAN. You can do this easily with the Jackdaw
   firmware on an RZUSBStick. If you have a border router, you will need
   it to bridge the mDNS multicast packets across the border.

 * If you are using a Mac, you win. All Apple devices support mDNS
   lookups.

 * If you are using Windows, you can install Apple's Bonjour for Windows
   package. (This may be already installed on your machine if you have
   installed iTunes) After you install this you can easily do `.local`
   lookups.

 * If you are using a Unix machine, you can install Avahi.

The default hostname is set to `contiki.local.`. You can change the
hostname programmatically by calling `resolv_set_hostname()`. You can
change the default hostname by changing `CONTIKI_CONF_DEFAULT_HOSTNAME`.

You may disable mDNS support by setting `RESOLV_CONF_SUPPORTS_MDNS` to
`0`.

---------------------------------

core/net/resolv: `resolv_lookup2()` -> `resolv_lookup()`

Note that this patch should fix several `resolv_lookup()` bugs
that already existed. There were many cases where `resolv_lookup()`
was being called and the IP address ignored, but later code
assumed that the IP address had been fetched... ANYWAY, those
should be fixed now.

---------------------------------

examples/udp-ipv6: Updated client to use MDNS to lookup the server.

Also updated the Cooja regression test simulation.
2013-03-10 11:40:08 -07:00

477 lines
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/*
* Copyright (c) 2010-2012, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*/
/**
* \file
* A simple webserver for web services
* \author
* Adam Dunkels <adam@sics.se>
* Niclas Finne <nfi@sics.se>
* Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "contiki-net.h"
#include "httpd-ws.h"
#define DEBUG 0
#if DEBUG
#define PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define PRINTF(...)
#endif
#ifndef WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_CONNS
#define CONNS UIP_CONNS
#else /* WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_CONNS */
#define CONNS WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_CONNS
#endif /* WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_CONNS */
#ifndef WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_URLCONV
#define URLCONV 0
#else /* WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_URLCONV */
#define URLCONV WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_URLCONV
#endif /* WEBSERVER_CONF_CFS_URLCONV */
#if URLCONV
#include "urlconv.h"
#endif /* URLCONV */
static struct httpd_ws_state conns[CONNS];
PROCESS(httpd_ws_process, "Web server (WS)");
#define ISO_nl 0x0a
#define ISO_space 0x20
#define ISO_period 0x2e
#define ISO_slash 0x2f
uint16_t http_connections = 0;
static const char http_10[] = " HTTP/1.0\r\n";
static const char http_content_type[] = "Content-Type:";
static const char http_content_type_html[] = "text/html";
static const char http_content_len[] = "Content-Length:";
static const char http_header_404[] =
"HTTP/1.0 404 Not found\r\nServer: Contiki\r\nConnection: close\r\n";
static const char http_header_200[] =
"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nServer: Contiki\r\nConnection: close\r\n";
static const char html_not_found[] =
"<html><body><h1>Page not found</h1></body></html>";
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* just set all states to unused */
static void
httpd_state_init(void)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < CONNS; i++) {
conns[i].state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_UNUSED;
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static struct httpd_ws_state *
httpd_state_alloc(void)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < CONNS; i++) {
if(conns[i].state == HTTPD_WS_STATE_UNUSED) {
conns[i].state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_INPUT;
return &conns[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define httpd_state_free(s) (s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_UNUSED)
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
PT_THREAD(send_string(struct httpd_ws_state *s, const char *str, uint16_t len))
{
PSOCK_BEGIN(&s->sout);
SEND_STRING(&s->sout, str, len);
PSOCK_END(&s->sout);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
PT_THREAD(send_headers(struct httpd_ws_state *s, const char *statushdr))
{
PSOCK_BEGIN(&s->sout);
SEND_STRING(&s->sout, statushdr, strlen(statushdr));
s->outbuf_pos = snprintf(s->outbuf, sizeof(s->outbuf),
"%s %s\r\n\r\n", http_content_type,
s->content_type == NULL
? http_content_type_html : s->content_type);
SEND_STRING(&s->sout, s->outbuf, s->outbuf_pos);
s->outbuf_pos = 0;
PSOCK_END(&s->sout);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
PT_THREAD(handle_output(struct httpd_ws_state *s))
{
PT_BEGIN(&s->outputpt);
s->content_type = http_content_type_html;
s->script = httpd_ws_get_script(s);
if(s->script == NULL) {
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_headers(s, http_header_404));
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt,
send_string(s, html_not_found, strlen(html_not_found)));
uip_close();
/* webserver_log_file(&uip_conn->ripaddr, "404 - not found"); */
PT_EXIT(&s->outputpt);
} else {
if(s->request_type == HTTPD_WS_POST) {
/* A post has a body that needs to be read */
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_INPUT;
PT_WAIT_UNTIL(&s->outputpt, s->state == HTTPD_WS_STATE_OUTPUT);
}
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_headers(s, http_header_200));
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, s->script(s));
}
s->script = NULL;
PSOCK_CLOSE(&s->sout);
PT_END(&s->outputpt);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
PT_THREAD(handle_request(struct httpd_ws_state *s))
{
PT_BEGIN(&s->outputpt);
/* send the request line */
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt,
send_string(s, s->filename, strlen(s->filename)));
/* send host */
if(s->outbuf_pos > 0) {
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_string(s, s->outbuf, s->outbuf_pos));
}
if(s->content_type != NULL) {
s->outbuf_pos = snprintf(s->outbuf, sizeof(s->outbuf), "%s %s\r\n",
http_content_type, s->content_type);
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_string(s, s->outbuf, s->outbuf_pos));
}
/* send the extra header(s) */
if(s->output_extra_headers != NULL) {
s->response_index = 0;
while((s->outbuf_pos =
s->output_extra_headers(s,
s->outbuf, sizeof(s->outbuf),
s->response_index)) > 0) {
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_string(s, s->outbuf, s->outbuf_pos));
s->response_index++;
}
}
/* send content length */
if(s->content_len > 0) {
s->outbuf_pos = snprintf(s->outbuf, sizeof(s->outbuf), "%s %u\r\n",
http_content_len, s->content_len);
}
/* send header separator */
if(s->outbuf_pos + 2 < sizeof(s->outbuf)) {
s->outbuf[s->outbuf_pos++] = '\r';
s->outbuf[s->outbuf_pos++] = '\n';
}
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, send_string(s, s->outbuf, s->outbuf_pos));
s->outbuf_pos = 0;
if(s->script != NULL) {
PT_WAIT_THREAD(&s->outputpt, s->script(s));
}
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_REQUEST_INPUT;
PSOCK_CLOSE(&s->sout);
PT_END(&s->outputpt);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static
PT_THREAD(handle_input(struct httpd_ws_state *s))
{
PSOCK_BEGIN(&s->sin);
PSOCK_READTO(&s->sin, ISO_space);
if(strncmp(s->inputbuf, "GET ", 4) == 0) {
s->request_type = HTTPD_WS_GET;
} else if(strncmp(s->inputbuf, "POST ", 5) == 0) {
s->request_type = HTTPD_WS_POST;
s->content_len = 0;
} else if(strncmp(s->inputbuf, "HTTP ", 5) == 0) {
s->request_type = HTTPD_WS_RESPONSE;
} else {
PSOCK_CLOSE_EXIT(&s->sin);
}
PSOCK_READTO(&s->sin, ISO_space);
/* TODO handle HTTP response */
if(s->inputbuf[0] != ISO_slash) {
PSOCK_CLOSE_EXIT(&s->sin);
}
#if URLCONV
s->inputbuf[PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin) - 1] = 0;
urlconv_tofilename(s->filename, s->inputbuf, sizeof(s->filename));
#else /* URLCONV */
s->inputbuf[PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin) - 1] = 0;
snprintf(s->filename, sizeof(s->filename), "%s", s->inputbuf);
#endif /* URLCONV */
/* webserver_log_file(&uip_conn->ripaddr, s->filename); */
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_OUTPUT;
while(1) {
PSOCK_READTO(&s->sin, ISO_nl);
if(s->request_type == HTTPD_WS_POST &&
strncmp(s->inputbuf, http_content_len, 15) == 0) {
s->inputbuf[PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin) - 2] = 0;
s->content_len = atoi(&s->inputbuf[16]);
}
/* should have a header callback here check_header(s) */
if(PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin) > 2) {
s->inputbuf[PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin) - 2] = 0;
} else if(s->request_type == HTTPD_WS_POST) {
PSOCK_READBUF_LEN(&s->sin, s->content_len);
s->inputbuf[PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin)] = 0;
/* printf("Content: '%s'\nSize:%d\n", s->inputbuf, PSOCK_DATALEN(&s->sin)); */
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_OUTPUT;
}
}
PSOCK_END(&s->sin);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
handle_connection(struct httpd_ws_state *s)
{
if(s->state == HTTPD_WS_STATE_REQUEST_OUTPUT) {
handle_request(s);
}
handle_input(s);
if(s->state == HTTPD_WS_STATE_OUTPUT) {
handle_output(s);
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
httpd_ws_appcall(void *state)
{
struct httpd_ws_state *s = (struct httpd_ws_state *)state;
if(uip_closed() || uip_aborted() || uip_timedout()) {
if(s != NULL) {
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: closed/aborted (%d)\n", http_connections);
http_connections--;
httpd_state_free(s);
} else {
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: closed/aborted ** NO HTTPD_WS_STATE!!! ** (%d)\n",
http_connections);
}
} else if(uip_connected()) {
if(s == NULL) {
s = httpd_state_alloc();
if(s == NULL) {
uip_abort();
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: aborting - no resource (%d)\n", http_connections);
/* webserver_log_file(&uip_conn->ripaddr, "reset (no memory block)"); */
return;
}
http_connections++;
tcp_markconn(uip_conn, s);
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_INPUT;
} else {
/* this is a request that is to be sent! */
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_REQUEST_OUTPUT;
}
PSOCK_INIT(&s->sin, (uint8_t *)s->inputbuf, sizeof(s->inputbuf) - 1);
PSOCK_INIT(&s->sout, (uint8_t *)s->inputbuf, sizeof(s->inputbuf) - 1);
PT_INIT(&s->outputpt);
timer_set(&s->timer, CLOCK_SECOND * 30);
handle_connection(s);
} else if(s != NULL) {
if(uip_poll()) {
if(timer_expired(&s->timer)) {
uip_abort();
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: aborting - http timeout (%d)\n", http_connections);
http_connections--;
httpd_state_free(s);
/* webserver_log_file(&uip_conn->ripaddr, "reset (timeout)"); */
} else {
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: uip-poll (%d)\n", http_connections);
}
} else {
/* PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: restart timer %s (%d)\n", s->filename, */
/* http_connections); */
timer_restart(&s->timer);
}
handle_connection(s);
} else {
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: aborting - no state (%d)\n", http_connections);
uip_abort();
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
httpd_ws_init(void)
{
tcp_listen(UIP_HTONS(80));
httpd_state_init();
#if URLCONV
urlconv_init();
#endif /* URLCONV */
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
struct httpd_ws_state *
httpd_ws_request(char request_type, const char *host_ip, const char *host_hdr,
uint16_t port, const char *file,
const char *content_type, uint16_t content_len,
httpd_ws_script_t generator)
{
struct httpd_ws_state *s;
struct uip_conn *conn;
uip_ipaddr_t *ipaddr;
uip_ipaddr_t addr;
char *request_str;
/* First check if the host is an IP address. */
ipaddr = &addr;
if(uiplib_ipaddrconv(host_ip, &addr) == 0) {
#if 0 && UIP_UDP
if(resolv_lookup(host, &ipaddr) != RESOLV_STATUS_CACHED) {
return NULL;
}
#else /* UIP_UDP */
return NULL;
#endif /* UIP_UDP */
}
s = httpd_state_alloc();
if(s == NULL) {
/* no memory left... do no request... */
return NULL;
}
http_connections++;
switch(request_type) {
case HTTPD_WS_POST:
request_str = "POST ";
break;
case HTTPD_WS_PUT:
request_str = "PUT ";
break;
default:
request_str = "GET ";
break;
}
s->request_type = request_type;
s->content_len = content_len;
s->content_type = content_type;
s->script = generator;
s->state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_REQUEST_OUTPUT;
/* create a request line for a POST - should check size of it!!! */
/* Assume post for now */
snprintf(s->filename, sizeof(s->filename), "%s%s%s",
request_str, file, http_10);
s->outbuf_pos = snprintf(s->outbuf, sizeof(s->outbuf), "Host:%s\r\n",
host_hdr != NULL ? host_hdr : host_ip);
PROCESS_CONTEXT_BEGIN(&httpd_ws_process);
conn = tcp_connect(ipaddr, uip_htons(port), s);
PROCESS_CONTEXT_END(&httpd_ws_process);
if(conn == NULL) {
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: aborting... could not allocate tcp connection (%d)\n",
http_connections);
httpd_state_free(s);
http_connections--;
return NULL;
}
PRINTF("HTTPD-WS: created http connection (%d)\n", http_connections);
return s;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
PROCESS_THREAD(httpd_ws_process, ev, data)
{
static struct etimer et;
int i;
PROCESS_BEGIN();
httpd_ws_init();
PRINTF("Buffer size, input %d, output\n",
HTTPD_INBUF_SIZE, HTTPD_OUTBUF_SIZE);
/* Delay 2-4 seconds */
etimer_set(&et, CLOCK_SECOND * 10);
/* GC any http session that is too long lived - either because other
end never closed or if any other state cause too long lived http
sessions */
while(1) {
PROCESS_WAIT_EVENT_UNTIL(ev == tcpip_event || etimer_expired(&et));
if(ev == tcpip_event) {
httpd_ws_appcall(data);
} else if(etimer_expired(&et)) {
PRINTF("HTTPD States: ");
for(i = 0; i < CONNS; i++) {
PRINTF("%d ", conns[i].state);
if(conns[i].state != HTTPD_WS_STATE_UNUSED &&
timer_expired(&conns[i].timer)) {
conns[i].state = HTTPD_WS_STATE_UNUSED;
PRINTF("\n*** RELEASED HTTPD Session\n");
http_connections--;
}
}
PRINTF("\n");
etimer_reset(&et);
}
}
PROCESS_END();
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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