diff --git a/KSYNTH.dsk b/KSYNTH.dsk index b8b0c47..045d045 100644 Binary files a/KSYNTH.dsk and b/KSYNTH.dsk differ diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 29ccbf4..5fcc2b5 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # KSynth Beginnings of a dual tone synthesizer for the Apple II -All the code is in this README, since it's small enough to copy and paste into an emulator for now. +All the code is in this README, since it's small enough to copy and paste into an emulator for now. There is also a Merlin32 compatible source file, ksynth.s, with comments and equivalents to make it more relocatable. The included DSK file contains the following files: @@ -10,13 +10,14 @@ The included DSK file contains the following files: *BFLATSCALE.SONG*: B-Flat scale *VICTORY.SONG*: "Victory" tune from Karateka *DAISYBELL.SONG*: "Bicylce Built for Two" AKA "Daisy Bell" + *DAISYBELL.MIDI*: "Bicylce Built for Two" AKA "Daisy Bell" in MIDI-like format for KSYNTH.MIDI *KSYNTH.MIDI*: MIDI-style KSYNTH player routine. Looks up notes from MIDI.LOOKUP instead of raw cycle counts. *MIDI.LOOKUP*: Lookup table of notes to cycle counts for MIDI style player. *RANDOMNOTES*: A routine to play random tones with the KSYNTH routine. *MIDI.LOOKUP2*: Alternate MIDI lookup table that covers larger range of tones - *TWOTONE.PLAYER*: Slightly better MIDI-style player routine. Start here. + *TWOTONE.PLAYER*: Slightly different MIDI-style player. Plays arbitrary two-note combinations. -To do: Add MIDI example songs. +To do: Add more MIDI example songs. @@ -146,6 +147,8 @@ Using the above table as a starting point, a MIDI lookup table can be created. M By shifting 12 bytes up or down (one octave), a song's range can be easily be changed to fit in KSYNTH's limited range. ``` +notes and octaves + C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 @@ -158,11 +161,27 @@ By shifting 12 bytes up or down (one octave), a song's range can be easily be ch 8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 + +bytes + +$30 00 00 00 FC EF E1 D5 C9 BD B3 A9 9F 96 8E 86 7E +$40 77 71 6A 64 5E 59 54 4F 4B 47 43 3F 3C 38 35 32 +$50 2F 2D 2A 27 25 23 21 1F 1E 1C 1A 19 17 16 15 13 + + 1133: FC EF E1 D5 C9 BD B3 A9 9F 96 8E 86 7E 77 71 6A 64 5E 59 54 4F 4B 47 43 3F 3C 38 35 32 2F 2D 2A 27 25 23 21 1F 1E 1C 1A 19 17 16 15 13 ``` +##Daisy Bell (Bicycle Built For Two) MIDI style## -##MIDI-like Player## +1000: 30 41 30 3E 30 3A 30 35 10 37 10 39 10 3A 20 37 10 3A 60 35 30 3C 30 41 30 3E 30 3A 10 37 10 39 10 3A 20 3C 10 3E 40 3C 10 FF 10 3E 10 40 10 3E +1030: 10 3C 20 41 10 3E 10 3C 40 3A 10 3C 20 3E 10 3A 20 37 10 3A 10 37 40 35 10 35 20 3A 10 3E 10 3C 20 FF 20 3A 10 3E 10 3C 10 FF 5 3E 5 40 10 41 10 3E 10 3A 20 3C 10 35 40 3A 00 00 + + + + + +##KSYNTH.MIDI: MIDI-like Player## _assumes song src at $1000_ @@ -171,37 +190,36 @@ _assumes lookup table src at $1100_ ``` 0330- A9 00 LDA #$00 ; start at zero -0332- AA TAX ; X = 0; LOOP +0332- AA TAX ; X = 0 ; LOOP 0333- BD 00 10 LDA $1000,X ; load note duration -0336- F0 31 BEQ $0369 ; if note is 0 duration, end the song +0336- F0 35 BEQ $036D ; if note is 0 duration, end the song 0338- 85 FA STA $FA ; store duration at $FA 033A- E8 INX ; increment pointer to note value 033B- BD 00 10 LDA $1000,X ; load note MIDI-style value - TAY ; lookup note loop value from lookup table - LDA $1100,Y ; -033E- 85 FB STA $FB ; store note value at $FB -0340- 85 FD STA $FD ; store note value at $FD -0342- C9 FF CMP #$FF ; if note value is FF, rest -0344- D0 06 BNE $034C ; skip over if !=FF -0346- 8D 1E 03 STA $031E ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 -0349- 8D 13 03 STA $0313 ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 -034C- C6 FD DEC $FD ; decrement $FD for That Karateka Sound™ -034E- 8A TXA ; put current note pointer in Accumulator -034F- 85 FF STA $FF ; store that in $FF -0351- 20 00 03 JSR $0300 ; play the actual note -0354- AD 13 03 LDA $0313 ; did we mess with the C030 click? -0357- C9 FF CMP #$FF ; if it's FF, we did. change it back. -0359- D0 08 BNE $0363 ; skip if !=FF -035B- A9 C0 LDA #$C0 ; set click points back to $c030 -035D- 8D 1E 03 STA $031E ; -0360- 8D 13 03 STA $0313 ; -0363- E6 FF INC $FF ; increment to next note address -0365- A5 FF LDA $FF ; load Accumulator with next note address -0367- D0 C9 BNE $0332 ; branch to LOOP -0369- 60 RTS ; +033E- A8 TAY ; lookup note loop value from lookup table +033F- B9 00 11 LDA $1100,Y ; +0342- 85 FB STA $FB ; store note value at $FB +0344- 85 FD STA $FD ; store note value at $FD +0346- C9 FF CMP #$FF ; if note value is FF, rest +0348- D0 06 BNE $0350 ; skip over if !=FF +034A- 8D 1E 03 STA $031E ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 +034D- 8D 13 03 STA $0313 ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 +0350- C6 FD DEC $FD ; decrement $FD for That Karateka Sound™ +0352- 8A TXA ; put current note pointer in Accumulator +0353- 85 FF STA $FF ; store that in $FF +0355- 20 00 03 JSR $0300 ; play the actual note +0358- AD 13 03 LDA $0313 ; did we mess with the C030 click? +035B- C9 FF CMP #$FF ; if it's FF, we did. change it back. +035D- D0 08 BNE $0367 ; skip if !=FF +035F- A9 C0 LDA #$C0 ; set click points back to $c030 +0361- 8D 1E 03 STA $031E ; +0364- 8D 13 03 STA $0313 ; +0367- E6 FF INC $FF ; increment to next note address +0369- A5 FF LDA $FF ; load Accumulator with next note address +036B- D0 C5 BNE $0332 ; branch to LOOP +036D- 60 RTS ; - -330: A9 00 AA BD 00 10 F0 31 85 FA E8 BD 00 10 A8 B9 00 11 85 FB 85 FD C9 FF D0 06 8D 1E 03 8D 13 03 C6 FD 8A 85 FF 20 00 03 AD 13 03 C9 FF D0 08 A9 C0 8D 1E 03 8D 13 03 E6 FF A5 FF D0 C9 60 +330: A9 00 AA BD 00 10 F0 35 85 FA E8 BD 00 10 A8 B9 00 11 85 FB 85 FD C9 FF D0 06 8D 1E 03 8D 13 03 C6 FD 8A 85 FF 20 00 03 AD 13 03 C9 FF D0 08 A9 C0 8D 1E 03 8D 13 03 E6 FF A5 FF D0 C5 60 diff --git a/_FileInformation.txt b/_FileInformation.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6a0fcc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/_FileInformation.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +ksynth=Type(00),AuxType(0000),VersionCreate(70),MinVersion(BE),Access(E3),FolderInfo1(000000000000000000000000000000000000),FolderInfo2(000000000000000000000000000000000000) diff --git a/ksynth b/ksynth new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0649da9 Binary files /dev/null and b/ksynth differ diff --git a/ksynth.s b/ksynth.s new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f1e4c96 --- /dev/null +++ b/ksynth.s @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + ORG $0300 + +DURATION EQU $FA ; Note DURATION +XCOUNTER EQU $FB ; X oscillator counter +MULTIPLIER EQU $FC ; duration multiplier (defaults to $ff) +OSCILLATOR EQU $FD ; second oscillator value - decrements once for vibrato +OSCCOUNTER EQU $FE ; tracks second oscillator value +SEQUENCE EQU $FF ; note number/address offset from song origin +SONGORIGIN EQU $1000 ; song header start address +MIDILOOKUP EQU $1100 ; MIDI notes lookup table address +CLICKBIT1 EQU $031E ; modified byte - set to FF for rest note +CLICKBIT2 EQU $0313 + + +GENERATOR LDA OSCILLATOR ; load second oscillator value into $FE + STA OSCCOUNTER ; + LDA #$FF ; load duration multiplier into $FC + STA MULTIPLIER ; + LDY DURATION ; load duration into Y + LDX XCOUNTER ; load oscillator into X +STARTCOUNT DEX ; start countdown first oscillator, X + NOP ; wait... + NOP ; + BNE COUNTDOWN2 ; if X = 0, click. otherwise, skip +CLICK1 BIT $C030 ; click +RESETX LDX XCOUNTER ; reset X to beginning of countdown +COUNTDOWN2 DEC OSCCOUNTER ; countdown second oscillator, $FE + NOP ; wait... + NOP ; + BNE COUNTTIME ; if $FE = 0, click. otherwise, skip +CLICK2 BIT $C030 ; click +RESETOSC2 LDA OSCILLATOR ; reset $FE to beginning of countdown + STA OSCCOUNTER ; +COUNTTIME DEY ; countdown duration + BNE STARTCOUNT ; if duration hasn't expired, return and count down oscillators + LDY DURATION ; if duration has expired, reset duration +COUNTTIME2 DEC MULTIPLIER ; decrement duration multiplier + BNE STARTCOUNT ; if multiplier hasn't expired, return and count down oscillators + RTS ; all done + + ORG $0330 + + +PLAYER LDA #$00 ; start at zero +]LOOP TAX ; X = 0 ; LOOP + LDA SONGORIGIN,X ; load note duration + BEQ ENDSONG ; if note is 0 duration, end the song + STA DURATION ; store duration at $FA + INX ; increment pointer to note value + LDA SONGORIGIN,X ; load note MIDI-style value + TAY ; lookup note loop value from lookup table + LDA MIDILOOKUP,Y ; + STA XCOUNTER ; store note value at $FB + STA OSCILLATOR ; store note value at $FD + CMP #$FF ; if note value is FF, rest + BNE SETOSC2 ; skip over if !=FF + STA CLICKBIT1 ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 + STA CLICKBIT2 ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 +SETOSC2 DEC OSCILLATOR ; decrement $FD for That Karateka Sound™ + TXA ; put current note pointer in Accumulator + STA SEQUENCE ; store that in $FF + JSR GENERATOR ; play the actual note + LDA CLICKBIT1 ; did we mess with the C030 click? + CMP #$FF ; if it's FF, we did. change it back. + BNE NEXTNOTE ; skip if !=FF + LDA #$C0 ; set click points back to $c030 + STA CLICKBIT1 ; + STA CLICKBIT2 ; +NEXTNOTE INC SEQUENCE ; increment to next note address + LDA SEQUENCE ; load Accumulator with next note address + BNE ]LOOP ; branch to LOOP +ENDSONG RTS ; + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/ksynth_Output.txt b/ksynth_Output.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5eadeb --- /dev/null +++ b/ksynth_Output.txt @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +------+--------------------+-------------+----+---------+------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------- + Line | # File Line | Line Type | MX | Reloc | Size | Address Object Code | Source Code +------+--------------------+-------------+----+---------+------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------- + 1 | 1 ksynth.s 1 | Directive | 11 | | 0 | 00/8000 | ORG $0300 + 2 | 1 ksynth.s 2 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | + 3 | 1 ksynth.s 3 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | DURATION EQU $FA ; Note DURATION + 4 | 1 ksynth.s 4 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | XCOUNTER EQU $FB ; X oscillator counter + 5 | 1 ksynth.s 5 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | MULTIPLIER EQU $FC ; duration multiplier (defaults to $ff) + 6 | 1 ksynth.s 6 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | OSCILLATOR EQU $FD ; second oscillator value - decrements once for vibrato + 7 | 1 ksynth.s 7 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | OSCCOUNTER EQU $FE ; tracks second oscillator value + 8 | 1 ksynth.s 8 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | SEQUENCE EQU $FF ; note number/address offset from song origin + 9 | 1 ksynth.s 9 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | SONGORIGIN EQU $1000 ; song header start address + 10 | 1 ksynth.s 10 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | MIDILOOKUP EQU $1100 ; MIDI notes lookup table address + 11 | 1 ksynth.s 11 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | CLICKBIT1 EQU $031E ; modified byte - set to FF for rest note + 12 | 1 ksynth.s 12 | Equivalence | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | CLICKBIT2 EQU $0313 + 13 | 1 ksynth.s 13 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | + 14 | 1 ksynth.s 14 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/0300 | + 15 | 1 ksynth.s 15 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0300 : A5 FD | GENERATOR LDA {$FD} ; load second oscillator value into $FE + 16 | 1 ksynth.s 16 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0302 : 85 FE | STA {$FE} ; + 17 | 1 ksynth.s 17 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0304 : A9 FF | LDA #$FF ; load duration multiplier into $FC + 18 | 1 ksynth.s 18 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0306 : 85 FC | STA {$FC} ; + 19 | 1 ksynth.s 19 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0308 : A4 FA | LDY {$FA} ; load duration into Y + 20 | 1 ksynth.s 20 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/030A : A6 FB | LDX {$FB} ; load oscillator into X + 21 | 1 ksynth.s 21 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/030C : CA | STARTCOUNT DEX ; start countdown first oscillator, X + 22 | 1 ksynth.s 22 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/030D : EA | NOP ; wait... + 23 | 1 ksynth.s 23 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/030E : EA | NOP ; + 24 | 1 ksynth.s 24 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/030F : D0 05 | BNE COUNTDOWN2 ; if X = 0, click. otherwise, skip + 25 | 1 ksynth.s 25 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0311 : 2C 30 C0 | CLICK1 BIT $C030 ; click + 26 | 1 ksynth.s 26 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0314 : A6 FB | RESETX LDX {$FB} ; reset X to beginning of countdown + 27 | 1 ksynth.s 27 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0316 : C6 FE | COUNTDOWN2 DEC {$FE} ; countdown second oscillator, $FE + 28 | 1 ksynth.s 28 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/0318 : EA | NOP ; wait... + 29 | 1 ksynth.s 29 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/0319 : EA | NOP ; + 30 | 1 ksynth.s 30 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/031A : D0 07 | BNE COUNTTIME ; if $FE = 0, click. otherwise, skip + 31 | 1 ksynth.s 31 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/031C : 2C 30 C0 | CLICK2 BIT $C030 ; click + 32 | 1 ksynth.s 32 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/031F : A5 FD | RESETOSC2 LDA {$FD} ; reset $FE to beginning of countdown + 33 | 1 ksynth.s 33 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0321 : 85 FE | STA {$FE} ; + 34 | 1 ksynth.s 34 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/0323 : 88 | COUNTTIME DEY ; countdown duration + 35 | 1 ksynth.s 35 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0324 : D0 E6 | BNE STARTCOUNT ; if duration hasn't expired, return and count down oscillators + 36 | 1 ksynth.s 36 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0326 : A4 FA | LDY {$FA} ; if duration has expired, reset duration + 37 | 1 ksynth.s 37 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0328 : C6 FC | COUNTTIME2 DEC {$FC} ; decrement duration multiplier + 38 | 1 ksynth.s 38 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/032A : D0 E0 | BNE STARTCOUNT ; if multiplier hasn't expired, return and count down oscillators + 39 | 1 ksynth.s 39 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/032C : 60 | RTS ; all done + 40 | 1 ksynth.s 40 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/032D | + 41 | 1 ksynth.s 41 | Directive | 11 | | 0 | 00/032D | ORG $0330 + 42 | 1 ksynth.s 42 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/0330 | + 43 | 1 ksynth.s 43 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/0330 | + 44 | 1 ksynth.s 44 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0330 : A9 00 | PLAYER LDA #$00 ; start at zero + 45 | 1 ksynth.s 45 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/0332 : AA | ozunid_1 TAX ; X = 0 ; LOOP + 46 | 1 ksynth.s 46 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0333 : BD 00 10 | LDA {$1000},X ; load note duration + 47 | 1 ksynth.s 47 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0336 : F0 35 | BEQ ENDSONG ; if note is 0 duration, end the song + 48 | 1 ksynth.s 48 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0338 : 85 FA | STA {$FA} ; store duration at $FA + 49 | 1 ksynth.s 49 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/033A : E8 | INX ; increment pointer to note value + 50 | 1 ksynth.s 50 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/033B : BD 00 10 | LDA {$1000},X ; load note MIDI-style value + 51 | 1 ksynth.s 51 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/033E : A8 | TAY ; lookup note loop value from lookup table + 52 | 1 ksynth.s 52 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/033F : B9 00 11 | LDA {$1100},Y ; + 53 | 1 ksynth.s 53 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0342 : 85 FB | STA {$FB} ; store note value at $FB + 54 | 1 ksynth.s 54 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0344 : 85 FD | STA {$FD} ; store note value at $FD + 55 | 1 ksynth.s 55 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0346 : C9 FF | CMP #$FF ; if note value is FF, rest + 56 | 1 ksynth.s 56 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0348 : D0 06 | BNE SETOSC2 ; skip over if !=FF + 57 | 1 ksynth.s 57 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/034A : 8D 1E 03 | STA {$031E} ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 + 58 | 1 ksynth.s 58 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/034D : 8D 13 03 | STA {$0313} ; change the $C030 click to BIT $FF30 + 59 | 1 ksynth.s 59 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0350 : C6 FD | SETOSC2 DEC {$FD} ; decrement $FD for That Karateka Sound™ + 60 | 1 ksynth.s 60 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/0352 : 8A | TXA ; put current note pointer in Accumulator + 61 | 1 ksynth.s 61 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0353 : 85 FF | STA {$FF} ; store that in $FF + 62 | 1 ksynth.s 62 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0355 : 20 00 03 | JSR GENERATOR ; play the actual note + 63 | 1 ksynth.s 63 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0358 : AD 1E 03 | LDA {$031E} ; did we mess with the C030 click? + 64 | 1 ksynth.s 64 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/035B : C9 FF | CMP #$FF ; if it's FF, we did. change it back. + 65 | 1 ksynth.s 65 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/035D : D0 08 | BNE NEXTNOTE ; skip if !=FF + 66 | 1 ksynth.s 66 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/035F : A9 C0 | LDA #$C0 ; set click points back to $c030 + 67 | 1 ksynth.s 67 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0361 : 8D 1E 03 | STA {$031E} ; + 68 | 1 ksynth.s 68 | Code | 11 | | 3 | 00/0364 : 8D 13 03 | STA {$0313} ; + 69 | 1 ksynth.s 69 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0367 : E6 FF | NEXTNOTE INC {$FF} ; increment to next note address + 70 | 1 ksynth.s 70 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/0369 : A5 FF | LDA {$FF} ; load Accumulator with next note address + 71 | 1 ksynth.s 71 | Code | 11 | | 2 | 00/036B : D0 C5 | BNE ozunid_1 ; branch to LOOP + 72 | 1 ksynth.s 72 | Code | 11 | | 1 | 00/036D : 60 | ENDSONG RTS ; + 73 | 1 ksynth.s 73 | Empty | 11 | | 0 | 00/036E | +------+--------------------+-------------+----+---------+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------