diff --git a/source/Applewin.cpp b/source/Applewin.cpp
index c8e9e37f..e22cfec3 100644
--- a/source/Applewin.cpp
+++ b/source/Applewin.cpp
@@ -230,7 +230,9 @@ void ContinueExecution(void)
 	if (g_dwCyclesThisFrame >= dwClksPerFrame)
 	{
 		g_dwCyclesThisFrame -= dwClksPerFrame;
-		VideoEndOfVideoFrame(); // NTSC currently requires this ... need to investigate why
+
+		// VideoEndOfVideoFrame(); // NTSC_TODO: is this still required? updates flash: if ((SW_TEXT || SW_MIXED) ) g_bTextFlashFlag = true
+		VideoRefreshScreen(0); // Just copy the output of our Apple framebuffer to the system Back Buffer
 		MB_EndOfVideoFrame();
 	}
 
diff --git a/source/Debugger/Debug.cpp b/source/Debugger/Debug.cpp
index 54c445f5..e200553f 100644
--- a/source/Debugger/Debug.cpp
+++ b/source/Debugger/Debug.cpp
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 	bool      g_bTraceHeader     = false; // semaphore, flag header to be printed
 
 	DWORD     extbench      = 0;
-	bool      g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput = false;
+	int       g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput = false; // NOTE: alias for bVideoModeFlags!
 
 	bool      g_bIgnoreNextKey = false;
 
@@ -6096,9 +6096,12 @@ Update_t _ViewOutput( ViewVideoPage_t iPage, int bVideoModeFlags )
 		default:
 			break;
 	}
-
+#if _DEBUG
+	if(!bVideoModeFlags)
+		MessageBoxA( NULL, "bVideoModeFlags = ZERO !?", "Information", MB_OK );
+#endif
+	g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput = bVideoModeFlags;
 	VideoRefreshScreen( bVideoModeFlags );
-	g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput = true;
 	return UPDATE_NOTHING; // intentional
 }
 
diff --git a/source/Debugger/Debug.h b/source/Debugger/Debug.h
index 26c3ecec..8c1fdc79 100644
--- a/source/Debugger/Debug.h
+++ b/source/Debugger/Debug.h
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 	extern int g_aDisasmTargets[ MAX_DISPLAY_LINES ];
 
 // Display
-	extern bool g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput;
+	extern int g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput;
 
 // Font
 	extern int g_nFontHeight;
diff --git a/source/Frame.cpp b/source/Frame.cpp
index ad696605..aa87f0f6 100644
--- a/source/Frame.cpp
+++ b/source/Frame.cpp
@@ -565,6 +565,7 @@ static void DrawFrameWindow ()
 	else
 		// Win7: In fullscreen mode with 1 redraw, the the screen doesn't get redraw.
 		//VideoRedrawScreen(g_bIsFullScreen ? 2 : 1);	// TC: 22/06/2014: Why 2 redraws in full-screen mode (32-bit only)? (8-bit doesn't need this nor does Win8, just Win7 or older OS's)
+		//VideoRefreshScreen(0);
 		VideoRedrawScreen();
 
 	// DD Full-Screen Palette: BUGFIX: needs to come _after_ all drawing...
@@ -1173,8 +1174,8 @@ LRESULT CALLBACK FrameWndProc (
 			VideoReinitialize();
 			if ((g_nAppMode != MODE_LOGO) || ((g_nAppMode == MODE_DEBUG) && (g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput)))
 			{
-				VideoRedrawScreen();
-				g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput = true;
+				//VideoRedrawScreen();
+				VideoRefreshScreen( g_bDebuggerViewingAppleOutput );
 			}
 
 			Config_Save_Video();
diff --git a/source/Video.cpp b/source/Video.cpp
index 6a7a941f..41f87868 100644
--- a/source/Video.cpp
+++ b/source/Video.cpp
@@ -1196,7 +1196,8 @@ void VideoRealizePalette(HDC dc)
 void VideoRedrawScreen ()
 {
 	g_VideoForceFullRedraw = 1;
-	VideoRefreshScreen( g_uVideoMode );
+
+	VideoRefreshScreen( g_uVideoMode ); //g_uVideoMode );
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
@@ -1246,8 +1247,11 @@ void VideoRefreshScreen ( int bVideoModeFlags )
 	DebugRefresh(0);
 #endif
 
-	NTSC_SetVideoMode( bVideoModeFlags );
-	g_pNTSC_FuncVideoUpdate( VIDEO_SCANNER_6502_CYCLES );
+	if( bVideoModeFlags )
+	{
+		NTSC_SetVideoMode( bVideoModeFlags );
+		g_pNTSC_FuncVideoUpdate( VIDEO_SCANNER_6502_CYCLES );
+	}
 
 // NTSC_BEGIN: wsVideoRefresh()
 	LPBYTE pDstFrameBufferBits = 0;
@@ -1256,8 +1260,14 @@ void VideoRefreshScreen ( int bVideoModeFlags )
 
 	if (hFrameDC)
 	{
-//		StretchBlt(hFrameDC,0,0,VIEWPORTCX,VIEWPORTCY,g_hDeviceDC,0,0,FRAMEBUFFER_W,FRAMEBUFFER_H,SRCCOPY);
-		StretchBlt(hFrameDC,0,0,FRAMEBUFFER_W,FRAMEBUFFER_H,g_hDeviceDC,0,0,FRAMEBUFFER_W,FRAMEBUFFER_H,SRCCOPY);
+		StretchBlt(
+			hFrameDC,
+			0,0,
+			FRAMEBUFFER_W,FRAMEBUFFER_H,
+			g_hDeviceDC,
+			0,0,
+			FRAMEBUFFER_W,FRAMEBUFFER_H,
+			SRCCOPY );
 		GdiFlush();
 	}
 
@@ -1335,7 +1345,7 @@ BYTE VideoSetMode (WORD, WORD address, BYTE write, BYTE, ULONG uExecutedCycles)
 		// NB. Deferring the update by just setting /g_VideoForceFullRedraw/ is not an option, since this doesn't provide "flip-immediate"
 		//
 		// Ultimately this isn't the correct solution, and proper cycle-accurate video rendering should be done, but this is a much bigger job!
-		//
+		// TODO: Is MemReadFloatingBus() still accurate now that we have proper per cycle video rendering??
 
 		if (!g_bVideoUpdatedThisFrame)
 		{