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@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ RUN
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image::pinkmystery.png[]
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image::pinkmystery.png[]
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Jim Sather's book
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Jim Sather's book
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[Understanding the Apple \]\[](http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software),
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[*Understanding the Apple \]\[*](https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/),
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which was the primary
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which is the primary
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reference for the internal design of the EPPLE \]\[ emulator, describes the video
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reference for the internal design of the EPPLE \]\[ emulator, describes the video
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generation process of the Apple \]\[, in great detail, in Chapter 8.
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generation process of the Apple \]\[, in great detail, in Chapter 8.
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On page 8-21 he shows a simple Applesoft BASIC program (shown below)
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On page 8-21 he shows a simple Applesoft BASIC program (shown below)
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ reference
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### Overview
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### Overview
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Epple \]\[ (the Emulated Apple \]\[ is a free (as in GPLv3), cross-platform
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Epple \]\[ (the Emulated Apple \]\[ is a free (as in GPLv3), cross-platform
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(Windows, Linux) emulator of the Apple \]\[ and Apple \]\[ plus computers
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(Windows, Linux, Mac) emulator of the Apple \]\[ and Apple \]\[ plus computers
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from Apple, Inc. It strives for accurate emulation of the original machines,
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from Apple, Inc. It strives for accurate emulation of the original machines,
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with a few extra features added.
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with a few extra features added.
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@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ by the Apple. So for motherboard ROM, for example, specifying a base as 2DED wil
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image to be loaded at offset $2DED in the ROM, which will be addressed by the Apple at
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image to be loaded at offset $2DED in the ROM, which will be addressed by the Apple at
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memory address $FDED, because motherboard ROM *starts* at address $D000, and $D000 + $2DED = $FDED.
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memory address $FDED, because motherboard ROM *starts* at address $D000, and $D000 + $2DED = $FDED.
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For peripheral cards, the ROM will be seen at locations `$Cs00-$CsFF`, where s is the slot
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For peripheral cards, the ROM will be seen at locations `$Cs00`-`$CsFF`, where s is the slot
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number (1 through 7). The *seventh ROM* can be seen as locations `$C800-$CFFF`; Jim Sather
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number (1 through 7). The *seventh ROM* can be seen as locations `$C800`-`$CFFF`; Jim Sather
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describes this functionality in
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describes this functionality in
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http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software[Understanding the Apple II],
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/page/n137),
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on page 6-4, section *The Seventh ROM Chip.* The EPPLE \]\[ emulator handles this processing correctly. A card can
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on page 6-4, section *The Seventh ROM Chip*. The EPPLE \]\[ emulator handles this processing correctly. A card can
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also have bank-switched ROM, which will show up at addresses `$D000-$FFFF` when switched in
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also have bank-switched ROM, which will show up at addresses `$D000`-`$FFFF` when switched in
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(stealing that address range from motherboard ROM... see
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(stealing that address range from motherboard ROM... see
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http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software[Understanding the Apple II],
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[*Understanding the Apple II*]https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/page/n117,
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p. 5-26 *The 16K RAM Card*).
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p. 5-26 *The 16K RAM Card*).
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@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ keyboard into the EPPLE \]\[, it produces an at-sign, as you would normally expe
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The Apple \]\[ keyboard didn't produce lower-case letters; neither does the emulator.
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The Apple \]\[ keyboard didn't produce lower-case letters; neither does the emulator.
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Also, the Apple couldn't produce an opening square bracket `[`, braces `{}`, vertical
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Also, the Apple couldn't produce an opening square bracket `[`, braces `{}`, vertical
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bar `|`, or backslash `\\`. There were no up- or down-arrow keys. You cannot type these into
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bar `|`, or backslash `\`. There were no up- or down-arrow keys. You cannot type these into
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the emulator, either. There are other, unusual, cases that are emulated correctly,
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the emulator, either. There are other, unusual, cases that are emulated correctly,
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as well, such as typing Control in conjunction with a number key simply produces
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as well, such as typing Control in conjunction with a number key simply produces
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that number. So typing a Control-3 is the same as just typing a 3. Also, typing
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that number. So typing a Control-3 is the same as just typing a 3. Also, typing
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@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ language card as follows:
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An overview of the I/O switches that control the language card
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An overview of the I/O switches that control the language card
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is provided by Jim Sather in
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is provided by Jim Sather in
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software),
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/page/n121),
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p. 5-30, Table 5.4, as follows:
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p. 5-30, Table 5.4, as follows:
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+==================================================================+
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+==================================================================+
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@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ you to type `FP` to use Applesoft BASIC, or `INT` to switch to Integer BASIC.
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Note that DOS and ProDOS will make use of a firmware card only if it is in slot _zero_.
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Note that DOS and ProDOS will make use of a firmware card only if it is in slot _zero_.
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Jim Sather, in
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Jim Sather, in
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software),
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/page/n151),
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on pages 6-18 through 6-21, explains
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on pages 6-18 through 6-21, explains
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how to modify a firmware card to allow independent switching of the $F800-$FFFF
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how to modify a firmware card to allow independent switching of the $F800-$FFFF
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ROM memory. This area is occupied by the Monitor, so it is primarily
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ROM memory. This area is occupied by the Monitor, so it is primarily
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@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ paddle is controlled by moving the mouse up and down. The paddle buttons
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are emulated by the mouse buttons (left and right click).
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are emulated by the mouse buttons (left and right click).
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In
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In
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](http://www.scribd.com/doc/201423/Understanding-the-Apple-II-by-Jim-Sather-1983Quality-Software),
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[*Understanding the Apple II*](https://archive.org/details/understanding_the_apple_ii/page/n188),
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on page 7-33, Jim Sather describes soldering fixed resistors across a game connector
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on page 7-33, Jim Sather describes soldering fixed resistors across a game connector
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to create two real-time clock references. This is emulated by the Epple \]\[. Paddle timers 2 and 3
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to create two real-time clock references. This is emulated by the Epple \]\[. Paddle timers 2 and 3
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are 100-microsecond and 1-millisecond references, respectively.
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are 100-microsecond and 1-millisecond references, respectively.
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