a2cloud/docs/ivanx/setup/cppo-bash.txt

#!/bin/bash

# need to test:
# does both -e and -ad work as expected? what if you do both?


#--ID-bashbyter routines

decToHex () {
# converts single-byte decimal value to hexadecimal equivalent
# arg: decimal value from 0-255
# out: two-digit hex value from 00-FF
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $2 ]] && return 8
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$1" 2> /dev/null) == $1 ) \
     && ( $1 -ge 0 ) && ( $1 -le 255 ) ]] || return 21
    # args are valid
    printf %02X "$1"
}

hexToDec () {
# converts single-byte hexadecimal value to decimal equivalent
# arg: two-digit hex value from 00-FF
# out: decimal value
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $2 ]] && return 8
    [[ ${#1} -eq 2 ]] || return 21
    [[ $(printf %02X "0x$1" 2> /dev/null) == \
     $(echo -n "$1" | tr [a-z] [A-Z]) ]] || return 21
    # args are valid
    printf %d "0x$1"
}

hexToBin () {
# converts single-byte hexadecimal value to binary string
# arg: two-digit hex value from 00-FF
# out: binary string value
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $2 ]] && return 8
    [[ ${#1} -eq 2 ]] || return 21
    [[ $(printf %02X "0x$1" 2> /dev/null) == \
     $(echo -n "$1" | tr [a-z] [A-Z]) ]] || return 21
    # args are valid
    for n in 0 1; do
          if [[ ${1:n:1} == "0" ]]; then b="0000"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "1" ]]; then b="0001"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "2" ]]; then b="0010"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "3" ]]; then b="0011"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "4" ]]; then b="0100"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "5" ]]; then b="0101"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "6" ]]; then b="0110"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "7" ]]; then b="0111"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "8" ]]; then b="1000"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "9" ]]; then b="1001"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "A" ]]; then b="1010"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "B" ]]; then b="1011"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "C" ]]; then b="1100"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "D" ]]; then b="1101"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "E" ]]; then b="1110"
        elif [[ ${1:n:1} == "F" ]]; then b="1111"
        fi
        echo -n $b
    done
}

binToDec () {
# converts single-byte binary string (8 bits) value to decimal
# warning: no error checking
# arg: binary string up to 8 bits
# out: decimal value
    dec=0
    bits=$1
    while (( ${#bits} < 8 )); do
        bits="0$bits"
    done
        for n in {0..7}; do
        (( dec+=( ${bits:$n:1} * ( 2**(7-$n) ) ) ))
    done
    echo -n $dec
}

binToHex () {
# converts single-byte binary string (8 bits) value to hex
# warning: no error checking
# arg: binary string up to 8 bits
# out: hex value
    echo $(decToHex $(binToDec $1))
}

charToDec () {
# converts single character to corresponding decimal value
# stdin OR arg: one character
#  [arg overrides stdin; stdin is required for NUL (0) or LF (0x0A)]
# out: decimal value from 0-255
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 9=invalid stdin,
#      11=missing stdin/arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ ( ! -t 0 ) && $1 ]] && { cat > /dev/null; return 8; }
    [[ ( -t 0 ) ]] && { [[ $2 ]] && return 8; [[ $1 ]] || return 11; }
    # arg/stdin is potentially valid (additional check below)
    charX="$1X"; [[ $1 ]] || charX="$(cat; echo -n 'X';)"
    [[ ${#charX} -le 2 ]] || return $(( $([[ $1 ]]; echo $?) ? 9 : 21 ))
    # above line verifies that arg/stdin is valid
    [[ ${#charX} -ne 2 ]] && { echo -n 0; return 0; }
    echo -n "${charX:0:1}" | od -t u1 | \
     head -1 | sed 's/[0\ ]*//' | tr -d ' \n'
}

charToHex () {
# converts single character to corresponding hexadecimal value
# stdin OR arg: one character
#  [arg overrides stdin; stdin is required for NUL (0) or LF (0x0A)]
# out: decimal value from 0-255
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 9=invalid stdin,
#      11=missing stdin/arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ ( ! -t 0 ) && $1 ]] && { cat > /dev/null; return 8; }
    [[ ( -t 0 ) ]] && { [[ $2 ]] && return 8; [[ $1 ]] || return 11; }
    # arg/stdin is potentially valid (additional check below)
    charX="$1X"; [[ $1 ]] || charX="$(cat; echo -n 'X';)"
    [[ ${#charX} -le 2 ]] || return $(( $([[ $1 ]]; echo $?) ? 9 : 21 ))
    # above line verifies that stdin/arg is valid
    [[ ${#charX} -ne 2 ]] && { echo -n "00"; return 0; }
    printf %02X $(echo -n "${charX:0:1}" | od -t u1 | \
     head -1 | sed 's/[0\ ]*//' | tr -d ' \n')
}

decToChar () {
# converts single-byte decimal value to equivalent character
# arg: decimal number from 0-255
# out: one character
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $2 ]] && return 8
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$1" 2> /dev/null ) == $1 ) \
     && ( $1 -ge 0 ) && ( $1 -le 255 ) ]] || return 21
    # args are valid
    echo -n -e "\x$(printf %02X "$1")"
}

hexToChar () {
# converts single-byte hexadecimal value to corresponding character
# arg: two-digit hexadecimal number from 00-FF
# out: one character
#exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg, 21=invalid arg
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $2 ]] && return 8
    [[ ${#1} -eq 2 ]] || return 21
    [[ $(printf %02X "0x$1" 2> /dev/null) == \
     $(echo -n "$1" | tr [a-z] [A-Z]) ]] || return 21
    # args are valid
    echo -n -e "\x$1"
}

readchars () {
# read one or more characters from a file
# arg1: filename
# arg2: (optional) offset (# of bytes to skip before reading)
# arg3: (optional) # of chars to read (default is until end of file)
#  out: sequence of characters
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1,
#       21=invalid arg1, 22=invalid arg2, 23=invalid arg3
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $4 ]] && return 8
    [[ -f $1 ]] || return 21
    [[ $2 ]] && { [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
     && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22; }
    [[ $3 ]] && { [[ ( $(printf %d "$3" 2> /dev/null) == $3 ) \
     && ( $3 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 23; }
    # args are valid
    dd if="$1" bs=1 skip=$(($2)) $([[ $3 ]] && echo -n "count=$3") \
     2> /dev/null
}

readcharDec () {
# read one character from file & convert to equivalent decimal value
# arg1: filename
# arg2: (optional) offset (# of bytes to skip before reading)
#  out: decimal value from 0-255
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1,
#       21=invalid arg1, 22=invalid arg2
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $3 ]] && return 8
    [[ -f $1 ]] || return 21
    [[ $2 ]] && { [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
     && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22; }
    # args are valid
    charX="$(dd if="$1" bs=1 skip=$(($2)) \
     count=1 2> /dev/null; echo -n X)"
    [[ ${#charX} -gt 1 ]] || { echo -n 0; return 0; }
    echo -n "${charX:0:1}" | od -t u1 | \
     head -1 | sed 's/[0\ ]*//' | tr -d ' \n'
}

readcharHex () {
# read one character from file & convert to corresponding hex value
# arg1: filename
# arg2: (optional) offset (# of bytes to skip before reading)
#  out: two-digit hex value from 00-FF
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1,
#       21=invalid arg1, 22=invalid arg2
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11
    [[ $3 ]] && return 8
    [[ -f $1 ]] || return 21
    [[ $2 ]] && { [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
     && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22; }
    # args are valid
    charX="$(dd if="$1" bs=1 skip=$(($2)) \
     count=1 2> /dev/null; echo -n X)"
    [[ ${#charX} -gt 1 ]] || { echo -n "00"; return 0; }
    printf %02X $(echo -n "${charX:0:1}" | od -t u1 | \
     head -1 | sed 's/[0\ ]*//' | tr -d ' \n')
}

### 2-15-11 above tested on OS X and Linux

writechars () {
# write one or more characters (bytes) to file
# arg1: filename
# arg2: (optional) offset (# of bytes to skip before writing)
# arg3 OR stdin: sequence of characters
#  [stdin required if writing NUL (0) or trailing LF (0x0A) chars]
#  out: nothing
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1,
#       13=missing stdin/arg3, 22=invalid arg2
    [[ $1 ]] || { [[ -t 0 ]] || cat > /dev/null; return 11; }
    [[ $2 ]] && { [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) && \
     ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || { [[ -t 0 ]] || cat > /dev/null; return 22; } }
    [[ ( ! -t 0 ) && $3 ]] && { cat > /dev/null; return 8; }
    [[ ( -t 0 ) ]] && { [[ $4 ]] && return 8; [[ $3 ]] || return 13; }
    # args are valid
    if [[ -t 0 ]]; then
        echo -n "$3" | \
         dd of="$1" bs=1 seek=$(($2)) conv=notrunc 2> /dev/null
    else
        dd of="$1" bs=1 seek=$(($2)) conv=notrunc 2> /dev/null
    fi
}

writecharDec () {
# write corresponding character of single-byte decimal value into file
# arg1: filename
# arg2: offset (# of bytes to skip before writing)
# arg3: decimal number from 0-255
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1, 12=missing arg2,
#       13=missing arg3, 22=invalid arg2, 23=invalid arg3
#  out: nothing
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11; [[ $2 ]] || return 12; [[ $3 ]] || return 13
    [[ $4 ]] && return 8
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
     && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$3" 2> /dev/null) == $3 ) \
     && ( $3 -ge 0 ) && ( $3 -lt 255 ) ]] || return 23
    # args are valid
    echo -n -e "\x$(printf %02X "$3")" | \
     dd of="$1" bs=1 seek=$(($2)) conv=notrunc 2> /dev/null
}

writecharHex () {
# write corresponding character of single-byte hex value into file
# arg1: filename
# arg2: offset (# of bytes to skip before writing)
# arg3: two-digit hexadecimal number from 00-FF
#  out: nothing
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1, 12=missing arg2,
#       13=missing arg3, 22=invalid arg2, 23=invalid arg3
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11; [[ $2 ]] || return 12; [[ $3 ]] || return 13
    [[ $4 ]] && return 8
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
     && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22
    [[ $(printf %02X "0x$3" 2> /dev/null) == \
     $(echo -n "$3" | tr [a-z] [A-Z]) ]] || return 23
    # args are valid
    echo -n -e "\x$3" | \
     dd of="$1" bs=1 seek=$2 conv=notrunc 2> /dev/null
}

writecharsHex () {
# write corresponding characters of hex values into file
# arg1: filename
# arg2: offset (# of bytes to skip before writing)
# arg3: string of two-digit hexadecimal numbers from 00-FF, period delimited (not checked!)
#  out: nothing
# exit: 8=extraneous arg, 11=missing arg1, 12=missing arg2,
#       13=missing arg3, 22=invalid arg2, 23=invalid arg3
    [[ $1 ]] || return 11; [[ $2 ]] || return 12; [[ $3 ]] || return 13
    [[ $4 ]] && return 8
    [[ ( $(printf %d "$2" 2> /dev/null) == $2 ) \
    && ( $2 -ge 0 ) ]] || return 22
    p=0
    offset=$2
    len=${#3}
    while (( p < len )); do
        outByte=${3:$p:2}
        [[ $(printf %02X "0x$outByte" 2> /dev/null) == \
        $(echo -n "$outByte" | tr [a-z] [A-Z]) ]] || return 23
        # args are valid
        echo -n -e "\x$outByte" | \
        dd of="$1" bs=1 seek=$offset conv=notrunc 2> /dev/null
        (( p += 3 ))
        (( offset++ ))
    done
}


# ---

pdosDateToUnixDate () {
    # input: ProDOS date/time bit sequence string in format:
    #   yyyyyyymmmmddddd000hhhhh00mmmmmm
    # output: seconds since Unix epoch (1-Jan-1970), or current date/time if no ProDOS date
    year=$(( $(binToDec ${1:0:7}) + 1900 ))
    (( $year < 1940 )) && (( year+=100 ))
    month=$(binToDec ${1:7:4})
    day=$(binToDec ${1:11:5})
    hour=$(binToDec ${1:19:5})
    minute=$(binToDec ${1:26:6})
    date -d "$year-$month-$day $hour:$minute:00" "+%s" 2> /dev/null
}

unixDateToADDate () {
    # input: seconds since Unix epoch (1-Jan-1970 00:00:00 GMT)
    # output: seconds since Netatalk epoch (1-Jan-2000 00:00:00 GMT),
    #         in four period-delimited hex bytes (big endian)
    adDate=$(( $1 - 946684800 ));
    if (( $adDate < 0 )); then
        (( adDate+=4294967296 )) # to get negative hex number
    fi
    adDateHex=$(printf %08X $adDate)
    echo "${adDateHex:0:2}.${adDateHex:2:2}.${adDateHex:4:2}.${adDateHex:6:2}"
}

# cppo support routines:
# arg1: directory block
# arg2: file index (if applicable)
# arg3: directory chunk # (if applicable)

# returns byte position in disk image file
getStartPos () {
    echo $(( ($1 * 512) + (39 * ( ($2 + ($2>11) ) % 13) ) + ( ($2>11) ? 4 : 43) ))
}

getStorageType () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    firstByte=$(readcharDec "$image" $start)
    echo $(($firstByte/16))
}

getFileName () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    firstByte=$(readcharDec "$image" $start)
    entryType=$(($firstByte/16))
    nameLength=$(($firstByte-$entryType*16))
    echo $(readchars "$image" $(($start+1)) $nameLength)
}

getFileType () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    echo $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+16)) )
}

getKeyPointer () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    echo $(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+17)) ) + \
        $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+18)) ) * 256 ))
}

getFileLength () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    echo $(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+21)) ) + \
        $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start + 22)) ) * 256 + \
        $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start + 23)) ) * 65536 ))
}

getAuxType () {
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    echo $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+32)) ).$(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+31)) )
}

getCreationDate () {
    #outputs prodos creation date/time as Unix time (seconds since Jan 1 1970 GMT)
    #or "NONE" if there is none
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    pdosDate=\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+25)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+24)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+27)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+26)) ) )
    pdosDateToUnixDate $pdosDate || echo "NONE"
}

getModifiedDate () {
    #outputs prodos modified date/time as Unix time (seconds since Jan 1 1970 GMT)
    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
    pdosDate=\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+34)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+33)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+36)) ) )\
$( hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+35)) ) )
    pdosDateToUnixDate $pdosDate || echo "NONE"
}

#isLocked () {
#    #returns 1 (meaning locked) if bit 7, 6, or 1 are clear; otherwise returns 0
#    start=$(getStartPos $1 $2)
#    access=$( $hexToBin $(readcharHex "$image" $(($start+30)) ) )
#    if [[ ${access:0:1} != "1" || ${access:1:1} != "1" || ${access:7:1} != "1" ]]; then
#        echo 1
#    else
#        echo 0
#    fi
#}

getVolumeName () {
    echo $(getWorkingDirName 2)
}

getWorkingDirName () {
    start=$(( $1 * 512 ))
    firstByte=$(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+4)) )
    entryType=$(($firstByte/16))
    nameLength=$(($firstByte-$entryType*16))
    echo $(readchars "$image" $(($start+5)) $nameLength)
}

getDirEntryCount () {
    start=$(( $1 * 512 ))
    echo $(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+37)) ) + \
        $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+38)) ) * 256 ))
}

getDirNextChunkPointer () {
    start=$(( $1 * 512 ))
    echo $(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+2)) ) + \
        $(readcharDec "$image" $(($start+3)) ) * 256 ))
}

# -- script begins in earnest here

copyFile () {
    activeFileBytesCopied=0
    storageType=$(getStorageType $1 $2)
    keyPointer=$(getKeyPointer $1 $2)
    fileLen=$(getFileLength $1 $2)
    if (( $storageType == 1 )); then #seedling
        copyBlock $keyPointer $fileLen
    elif (( $storageType == 2 )); then #sapling
        processIndexBlock $keyPointer
    elif (( $storageType == 3 )); then #tree
        processMasterIndexBlock $keyPointer
    elif (( $storageType == 5)); then #forked fileLen
        processForkedFile $keyPointer
    fi
}

copyBlock () {
    #arg1: block to copy
    #arg2: bytes to write (should be 512, unless final block with less than 512 bytes)
    #echo $1 $2 $activeFileBytesCopied
    (( $1 == 0 )) && blockSource=/dev/zero || blockSource="$image"
    if (( $resourceFork > 0 )); then
        [[ $AD ]] && dd if="$blockSource" of="$ADdir/$targetName" bs=1 count=$2 skip=$(($1*512)) seek=$(($activeFileBytesCopied + 741)) 2> /dev/null
        [[ $EX ]] && dd if="$blockSource" of="$targetDir/${eTargetName}r" bs=1 count=$2 skip=$(($1*512)) seek=$activeFileBytesCopied 2> /dev/null
    else
        dd if="$blockSource" of="$targetDir/$targetName" bs=1 count=$2 skip=$(($1*512)) seek="$activeFileBytesCopied" 2> /dev/null
    fi
    activeFileBytesCopied=$(( $activeFileBytesCopied + $2 ))
}

processDir () {
    # arg1: dirBlock
    # arg2/3/4/5: for non-key chunks: entryCount, entry#,
    #   workingDirName, processedEntryCount

    local entryCount
    local e
    local pe
    local workingDirName

    if [[ $2 ]]; then
        entryCount=$2
        e=$3
        workingDirName=$4
        pe=$5
    else
        e=0
        pe=0
        entryCount=$(getDirEntryCount $1)
        workingDirName=$(getWorkingDirName $1)
        DIRPATH="$DIRPATH/$workingDirName"
        if [[ $PDOSPATH_INDEX ]]; then
            if (( $PDOSPATH_INDEX == 1 )); then
                if [[ "/$PDOSPATH_SEGMENT" != "$DIRPATH" ]]; then
                    echo "ProDOS volume name does not match disk image."
                    exit 2
                else
                    (( PDOSPATH_INDEX++ ))
                    PDOSPATH_SEGMENT=${PDOSPATH[PDOSPATH_INDEX]}
                fi
            fi
        else
            echo $DIRPATH
        fi
    fi
    while (( $pe < $entryCount )); do
        if (( $(getStorageType $1 $e) > 0 )); then
            processEntry $1 $e
            (( pe++ ))
        fi
        (( e++ ))
        (( ($e + ( $e>11 ) ) % 13 )) || { processDir $(getDirNextChunkPointer $1) $entryCount $e $workingDirName $pe; break; }
    done
}


processEntry () {
    #echo $(getFileName $1 $2) $(getStorageType $1 $2) $(getFileType $1 $2) $(getKeyPointer $1 $2) $(getFileLength $1 $2) $(getAuxType $1 $2) $(getCreationDate $1 $2) $(getModifiedDate $1 $2)
    activeFileName=$(getFileName $1 $2)
    activeFileSize=$(getFileLength $1 $2)
    [[ $PDOSPATH_INDEX ]] || echo "   $activeFileName"

    if [[ ( ! $PDOSPATH_INDEX ) || ( $activeFileName == $PDOSPATH_SEGMENT ) ]]; then

        if (( $(getStorageType $1 $2) == 13 )); then
            [[ $PDOSPATH_INDEX ]] || targetDir="$targetDir/$activeFileName"
            ADdir="$targetDir/.AppleDouble"
            [[ $DIR || -d $targetDir ]] || mkdir -p $targetDir
            [[ $DIR || ! $AD || -d $ADdir ]] || mkdir -p $ADdir
            if [[ $PDOSPATH_SEGMENT ]]; then
                (( PDOSPATH_INDEX++ ))
                PDOSPATH_SEGMENT=${PDOSPATH[PDOSPATH_INDEX]}
            fi
            processDir $(getKeyPointer $1 $2)
            DIRPATH=${DIRPATH%/*}
            [[ $PDOSPATH_INDEX ]] || targetDir="$targetDir/.."
            ADdir="$targetDir/.AppleDouble"
        else
            [[ $DIR ]] && return
            [[ $targetName ]] || targetName=$activeFileName
            [[ $EX ]] && eTargetName="$targetName#$(getFileType $1 $2 | tr [:upper:] [:lower:])$(getAuxType $1 $2 | sed 's/\.//' | tr [:upper:] [:lower:])"
            touch "$targetDir/$targetName"
            makeADfile
            copyFile $1 $2
            creationDate=$(getCreationDate $1 $2);
            modifiedDate=$(getModifiedDate $1 $2);
            if [[ $creationDate == "NONE" && $modifiedDate != "NONE" ]]; then
                creationDate=$modifiedDate
            elif [[ $creationDate != "NONE" && $modifiedDate == "NONE" ]]; then
                modifiedDate=$creationDate
            elif [[ $creationDate == "NONE" && $modifiedDate == "NONE" ]]; then
                creationDate=$(date "+%s")
                modifiedDate=$creationDate
            fi
            if [[ $AD ]]; then # AppleDouble
                # set dates
                ADfilePath="$ADdir/$targetName"
                writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" 637 $(unixDateToADDate $creationDate).$(unixDateToADDate $modifiedDate)
                writecharHex "$ADfilePath" 645 80
                writecharHex "$ADfilePath" 649 80
                #set type/creator
                writechars "$ADfilePath" 653 "p"
                writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" 654 "$(getFileType $1 $2).$(getAuxType $1 $2)"
                writechars "$ADfilePath" 657 "pdos"
            fi
            touch -d @$modifiedDate "$targetDir/$targetName"
            if [[ $EX ]]; then # extended name
                mv "$targetDir/$targetName" "$targetDir/$eTargetName"
                [[ -f $targetDir/${eTargetName}r ]] && touch -d @$modifiedDate "$targetDir/${eTargetName}r"
            fi
            [[ $PDOSPATH_SEGMENT ]] && syncExit
            targetName=
        fi
    
    #else
        #echo "$activeFileName doesn't match $PDOSPATH_SEGMENT"  
    fi
}

processForkedFile () {
    # finder info except type/creator
    fInfoA_entryType=$(readcharDec "$image" 9)
    fInfoB_entryType=$(readcharDec "$image" 27)
    if (( $fInfoA_entryType==1 )); then
        readchars "$image" 18 8 | writechars "$image" 661
    elif (( $fInfoA_entryType==2 )); then
        readchars "$image" 10 16 | writechars "$image" 669
    fi
    if (( $fInfoB_entryType==1 )); then
        readchars "$image" 36 8 | writechars "$image" 661
    elif (( $fInfoB_entryType==2 )); then
        readchars "$image" 28 16 | writechars "$image" 669
    fi

    for f in 0 256; do
        resourceFork=$f
        activeFileBytesCopied=0
        forkStart=$(( ($1 * 512) )) # start of Forked File key block
        # echo --$forkStart
        forkStorageType=$(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+0)) )
        forkKeyPointer=$(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+1)) ) + \
            $(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+2)) ) * 256 ))
        forkFileLen=$(( $(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+5)) ) + \
            $(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+6)) ) * 256 + \
            $(readcharDec "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+7)) ) * 65536 ))
        activeFileSize=$forkFileLen
        if (( $resourceFork > 0 )); then
            rsrcForkLenHex=$(readcharHex "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+7)) ).\
$(readcharHex "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+6)) ).\
$(readcharHex "$image" $(($forkStart+$f+5)) )
            # echo ">>>$rsrcForkLenHex"
            echo "    [resource fork]"
            [[ $AD ]] && writecharsHex "$ADdir/$targetName" 35 "$rsrcForkLenHex"
        else
            echo "    [data fork]"
        fi
        if (( $forkStorageType == 1 )); then #seedling
            copyBlock $forkKeyPointer $forkFileLen
        elif (( $forkStorageType == 2 )); then #sapling
            processIndexBlock $forkKeyPointer
        elif (( $forkStorageType == 3 )); then #tree
            processMasterIndexBlock $forkKeyPointer
        fi
    done
    # echo
    resourceFork=0
}

processMasterIndexBlock() {
    processIndexBlock $1 1    
}

processIndexBlock () {
    #arg1: indexBlock
    #arg2: if set, it's a Master Index Block
    local pos=0
    local bytesRemaining
    while (( $activeFileBytesCopied < $activeFileSize )); do
        targetBlock=$(( $(readcharDec $image $(($1*512+$pos)) ) + $(readcharDec $image $(($1*512+($pos+256) )) )*256 ))
        if [[ $2 ]]; then
            processIndexBlock $targetBlock
        else
            bytesRemaining=$(($activeFileSize - $activeFileBytesCopied))
            bs=$(( $bytesRemaining<512 ? $bytesRemaining : 512 ))
            copyBlock $targetBlock $bs
        fi
        (( pos++ ))
        (( $pos > 255 )) && break # go to next entry in Master Index Block (tree)
    done
}

makeADfile () {
    ADfilePath="$ADdir/$targetName"
    [[ ! $AD ]] && return
    dd if=/dev/zero of="$ADfilePath" bs=741 count=1 2> /dev/null
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 00) "00.05.16.07.00.02.00.00" # ADv2 header
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 18) "00.0D" # number of entries
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 1A) "00.00.00.02.00.00.02.E5.00.00.00.00" # Resource Fork
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 26) "00.00.00.03.00.00.00.B6.00.00.00.00" # Real Name
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 32) "00.00.00.04.00.00.01.B5.00.00.00.00" # Comment
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 3E) "00.00.00.08.00.00.02.7D.00.00.00.10" # Dates Info
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 4A) "00.00.00.09.00.00.02.8D.00.00.00.20" # Finder Info
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 56) "00.00.00.0B.00.00.02.C1.00.00.00.08" # ProDOS file info
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 62) "00.00.00.0D.00.00.02.B5.00.00.00.00" # AFP short name
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 6E) "00.00.00.0E.00.00.02.B1.00.00.00.04" # AFP File Info
    writecharsHex "$ADfilePath" $(hexToDec 7A) "00.00.00.0F.00.00.02.AD.00.00.00.04" # AFP Directory ID
    # dbd (second time) will create DEV, INO, SYN, SV~
}

syncExit () {
    if [[ -d /usr/local/etc/netatalk && $AD ]]; then
        echo "File(s) have been copied to the target directory. If the directory" 1>&2
        echo "is shared by Netatalk, please use 'afpsync' now." 1>&2
    fi
    exit 0
}

usage () {
    echo "usage:"
    echo "copy all files: cppo [-ad|-e] imagefile targetDirectory"
    echo "copy one file : cppo [-ad|-e] imagefile /FULL/PRODOS/FILE/PATH targetPath"
    echo "catalog image : cppo -cat imagefile"
    echo
    echo "cppo copies either one file or all files from a ProDOS raw disk image"
    echo "to a folder shared by Netatalk. -cat displays all files on the image."
    echo "No verification or validation of the disk image is performed."
    echo
    echo "-ad enables creating AppleDouble header files and copying resource forks."
    echo "-e  appends the ProDOS type and auxtype to filenames, and copies resource"
    echo "    forks, so they can be preserved when added to ShrinkIt archives by"
    echo "    nulib2 (using its -e option)."
    echo
    echo "Wildcard matching (*) is not supported."
    exit 1
}

# --- start

if [[ $1 == "-ad" ]]; then
    AD=1
    shift
fi
if [[ $1 == "-e" ]]; then
    [[ $AD ]] && usage
    EX=1
    shift
fi

if [[ $1 == "-cat" ]]; then
    DIR=1
    shift
fi

[[ ( $DIR && $1 ) || ( $1 && $2 ) ]] || usage
[[ $3 && ( ${2:0:1} != "/" ) && ( ${2:0:1} != ":" ) ]] && usage

image="$1"
[[ -f "$image" ]] || { echo "Source image not found."; exit 2; }
if [[ $3 ]]; then
    pdospath=$(echo $2 | tr [:lower:] [:upper:])
    targetPath=$3
    if [[ -d $targetPath ]]; then
        targetDir=$targetPath
    else
        targetDir="${targetPath%/*}"
        targetName="${targetPath##*/}"
    fi
    [[ -d $targetDir ]] || { echo "Target directory not found."; exit 2; }
else
    if [[ ! $DIR ]]; then
        [[ -d "$2" ]] || { echo "Target directory not found."; exit 2; }
    fi
fi

activeDirBlock=0
activeFileName=""
activeFileSize=0
activeFileBytesCopied=0
resourceFork=0

if [[ $3 ]]; then
    IFS='/:'
    PDOSPATH=($pdospath)
    unset IFS
    [[ ! ${PDOSPATH[0]} ]] && (( PDOSPATH_INDEX++ ))
    PDOSPATH_SEGMENT=${PDOSPATH[PDOSPATH_INDEX]}
    ADdir="$targetDir/.AppleDouble"
    [[ ! $AD || -d $ADdir ]] || mkdir $ADdir
    processDir 2
    echo "ProDOS file not found within image file."
    exit 2
else
    if [[ ! $DIR ]]; then
        targetDir="$2/$(getVolumeName)"
        ADdir="$targetDir/.AppleDouble"
        [[ -d $targetDir ]] || mkdir -p $targetDir
        [[ ! $AD || -d $ADdir ]] || mkdir -p $ADdir
    fi
    processDir 2
    [[ $DIR ]] || syncExit
fi