mirror of
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1399 lines
55 KiB
HTML
1399 lines
55 KiB
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
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content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 2.0">
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<title>NAME</title>
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</head>
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<hr>
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<p><b>NAME</b></p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li>sx, sb, sz - Send Files with ZMODEM, YMODEM, or
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XMODEM<p>zcommand, zcommandi - Send COmmands with
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ZMODEM</p>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><b>sz</b> [-+abdefkLlNnopTtuvyYZ] file ...<p><b>sb</b>
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[-dfktuv] file ...</p>
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<p><b>sx</b> [-ktuv] file</p>
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<p><b>zcommand</b> [-otv] COMMAND</p>
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<p><b>zcommandi</b> [-otv] COMMAND</p>
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<p><b>sz</b> -TT</p>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><b>Sz</b> (send ZMODEM) uses the ZMODEM, YMODEM
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or XMODEM error correcting protocol to send one
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or more files over a dial-in serial port to a
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variety of programs running under PC-DOS, CP/M,
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Unix, VMS, and other operating systems.<p>This is
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a shareware program copyrighted by Omen
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Technology INC.</p>
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<p><b>Sz</b> sends one or more files with ZMODEM
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protocol.</p>
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<p>ZMODEM greatly simplifies file transfers
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compared to XMODEM. In addition to a friendly
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user interface, ZMODEM provides Personal Computer
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and other users an efficient, accurate, and
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robust file transfer method.</p>
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<p>ZMODEM provides complete END-TO-END data
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integrity between application programs. ZMODEM's
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32 bit CRC catches errors that sneak into even
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the most advanced networks.</p>
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<p>Advanced file management features include
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AutoDownload (Automatic file Download initiated
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without user intervention), Display of individual
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and total file lengths and transmission time
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estimates, Crash Recovery, selective file
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transfers, and preservation of exact file date
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and length.</p>
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<p>The -y option instructs the receiver to open
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the file for writing unconditionally. The -a
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option causes the receiver to convert Unix
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newlines to PC-DOS carriage returns and
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linefeeds.</p>
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<p><b>Sb</b> sends one or more files with YMODEM
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or ZMODEM protocol. The initial ZMODEM
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initialization is not sent. When requested by the
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receiver, <b>sb</b> supports YMODEM-g with
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"cbreak" tty mode, XON/XOFF flow
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control, and interrupt character set to CAN (^X).
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YMODEM-g increases YMODEM throughput over error
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free channels (direct connection, X.PC, etc.) by
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disabling error recovery.</p>
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<p>On Unix systems, additional information about
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the file is transmitted. If the receiving program
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uses this information, the transmitted file
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length controls the exact number of bytes written
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to the output dataset, and the modify time and
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file mode are set accordingly.</p>
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<p><b>Sx</b> sends a single file with XMODEM or
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XMODEM-1k protocol (sometimes incorrectly called
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"ymodem"). The user must supply the
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file name to both sending and receiving programs.</p>
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<p>If <b>sz</b> is invoked with $SHELL set and if
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that variable contains the string rsh or rksh
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(restricted shell), sz operates in restricted
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mode. Restricted mode restricts pathnames to the
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current directory and PUBDIR (usually
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/usr/spool/uucppublic) and/or subdirectories
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thereof.</p>
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<p>The fourth form sends a single COMMAND to a
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ZMODEM receiver for execution. Zcommand exits
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with the COMMAND return value. If COMMAND
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includes spaces or characters special to the
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shell, it must be quoted.</p>
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<p>The fifth form sends a single COMMAND to a
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ZMODEM receiver for execution. Zcommandi exits as
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soon as the receiver has correctly received the
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command, before it is executed.</p>
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<p>The sixth form (sz -TT) attempts to output all
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256 code combinations to the terminal. If you are
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having difficulty sending files, this command
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lets you see which character codes are being
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eaten by the operating system.</p>
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<p>The meanings of the available options are:</p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><i>+</i> Instruct the
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receiver to append
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transmitted data to an
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existing file (ZMODEM
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only).<p><i>a</i>
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Instruct the ZMODEM
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receiver to convert text
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file format as
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appropriate for the
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receiving system. Valid
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only for ZMODEM.</p>
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<p><i>b</i> (Zmodem)
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Binary override: transfer
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file without any
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translation.</p>
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<p><i>c</i> Instruct the
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receiver to change the
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pathname if the
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destination file exists.</p>
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<p><i>d</i> Change all
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instances of
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"." to
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"/" in the
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transmitted pathname.
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Thus, C.omenB0000 (which
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is unacceptable to MSDOS
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or CP/M) is transmitted
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as C/omenB0000. If the
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resultant filename has
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more than 8 characters in
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the stem, a "."
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is inserted to allow a
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total of eleven.</p>
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<p><i>e</i> Escape all
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control characters;
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normally only XON, XOFF,
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DLE, CR-@-CR, and Ctrl-X
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are escaped.</p>
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<p><i>f</i> Send Full
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pathname. Normally
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directory prefixes are
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stripped from the
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transmitted filename.</p>
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<p><i>k</i> (X/Ymodem)
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Send files using 1024
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byte blocks rather than
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the default 128 byte
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blocks. 1024 byte packets
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speed file transfers at
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high bit rates. (ZMODEM
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streams the data for the
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best possible
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throughput.)</p>
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<p><i>L N</i> Use ZMODEM
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sub-packets of length N.
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A larger N (32 <= N
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<= 1024) gives
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slightly higher
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hroughput, a smaller N
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speeds error recovery.
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The default is 128 below
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300 baud, 256 above 300
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baud, or 1024 above 2400
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baud.</p>
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<p><i>l N</i> Wait for
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the receiver to
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acknowledge correct data
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every N (32 <= N <=
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1024) characters. This
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may be used to avoid
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network overrun when XOFF
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flow control is lacking.</p>
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<p><i>n</i> (Zmodem) Send
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each file if destination
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file does not exist.
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Overwrite destination
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file if source file is
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newer than the
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destination file.</p>
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<p><i>N</i> (Zmodem) Send
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each file if destination
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file does not exist.
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Overwrite destination
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file if source file is
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newer or longer than the
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destination file.</p>
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<p><i>o</i> (Zmodem)
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Disable automatic
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selection of 32 bit CRC.</p>
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<p><i>p</i> (Zmodem)
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Protect existing
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destination files by
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skipping transfer if the
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destination file exists.</p>
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<p><i>r</i> (Zmodem)
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Resume interrupted file
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transfer. If the source
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file is longer than the
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destination file, the
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transfer commences at the
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offset in the source file
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that equals the length of
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the destination file.</p>
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<p><i>rr </i>As above,
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but compares the files
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(the portion common to
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sender and reciever)
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before resuming the
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transfer.</p>
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<p><i>t</i> tim Change
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timeout to tim tenths of
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seconds.</p>
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<p><i>u</i> Unlink the
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file after successful
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transmission.</p>
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<p><i>w</i> N Limit the
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transmit window size to N
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bytes (ZMODEM).</p>
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<p><i>v</i> Verbose
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causes a list of file
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names to be appended to
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/tmp/szlog. More v's
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generate more output.</p>
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<p><i>y</i> Instruct a
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ZMODEM receiving program
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to overwrite any existing
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file with the same name.</p>
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<p><i>Y</i> Instruct a
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ZMODEM receiving program
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to overwrite any existing
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file with the same name,
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and to skip any source
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files that do have a file
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with the same pathname on
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the destination system.</p>
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<p><i>Z</i> Use ZMODEM
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file compression to speed
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file transfer.</p>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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<p><b>DIAGNOSTICS</b></p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li>Exit status is as follows: 0 for successful
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transfers. 1 if unrecoverable errors are
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detected. 2 if syntax errors or file access
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problems are detected. 3 if the program was
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terminated by a caught interrupt.</li>
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</dir>
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</li>
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</dir>
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|
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<p><b>EXAMPLE</b></p>
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
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<li><u>ZMODEM File Transfer (GNO to remote system)</u><p><font
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face="Courier New">% sz -a *.c</font></p>
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<p>This single command transfers all .c files in
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the current directory with conversion (-a) to end
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of line conventions appropriate to the receiving
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environment. With ZMODEM AutoDownload enabled,
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will automatically recieve the files after
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performing a security check.</p>
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<p><font face="Courier New">% sz -Yan *.c *.h</font></p>
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<p>Send only the .c and .h files that exist on
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both systems, and are newer on the sending system
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than the corresponding version on the receiving
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system, converting Apple to UNIX text format.</p>
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</li>
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||
|
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</dir>
|
||
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</li>
|
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</dir>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
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|
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<dir>
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<li><dir>
|
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<li>rz(1).<p>Compile time options required for
|
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|
|
various operating systems are described in the
|
||
|
|
source file.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>FILES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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<dir>
|
||
|
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<li><dir>
|
||
|
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<li>32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown.<p>sz.c,
|
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|
|
crctab.c, rbsb.c, zm.c, zmr.c, zmodem.h Unix
|
||
|
|
source files</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>/tmp/szlog stores debugging output (sz -vv)</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>TESTING FEATURE</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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<dir>
|
||
|
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<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>The command "sz -T file" exercises the
|
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|
|
Attn sequence error recovery by commanding errors
|
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|
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with unterminated packets. The receiving program
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should complain five times about binary data
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packets being too long. Each time sz is
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interrupted, it should send a ZDATA header
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followed by another defective packet. If the
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||
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receiver does not detect five long data packets,
|
||
|
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the Attn sequence is not interrupting the sender,
|
||
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|
and the Myattn string in sz.c must be modified.<p>After
|
||
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5 packets, sz stops the "transfer" and
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||
|
|
prints the total number of characters
|
||
|
|
"sent" (Tcount). The difference between
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||
|
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Tcount and 5120 represents the number of
|
||
|
|
characters stored in various buffers when the
|
||
|
|
Attn sequence is generated.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NOTES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>When using buffered modems at high speed,
|
||
|
|
particular attention must be paid to flow
|
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|
|
control. The modem and Unix must agree on the
|
||
|
|
flow control method. Sz on USG (SYS III/V)
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systems uses XON/XOFF flow control. If flow
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|
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control cannot be properly set up, Try a "-w
|
||
|
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2048" option to enforce protocol level flow
|
||
|
|
control. Experiment with different window sizes
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for best results.<p>If a program that does not
|
||
|
|
properly implement the specified file transfer
|
||
|
|
protocol causes sb to "hang" the port
|
||
|
|
after a failed transfer, either wait for sb to
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||
|
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time out or type a dozen Ctrl-X characters.</p>
|
||
|
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<p>Many programs claiming to support YMODEM only
|
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|
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support XMODEM with 1k blocks, and they often
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||
|
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don't get that quite right. XMODEM transfers add
|
||
|
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up to 127 garbage bytes per file. XMODEM-1k and
|
||
|
|
YMODEM-1k transfers use 128 byte blocks to avoid
|
||
|
|
extra padding.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>YMODEM programs use the file length
|
||
|
|
transmitted at the beginning of the transfer to
|
||
|
|
prune the file to the correct length; this may
|
||
|
|
cause problems with source files that grow during
|
||
|
|
the course of the transfer. This problem does not
|
||
|
|
pertain to ZMODEM transfers, which preserve the
|
||
|
|
exact file length unconditionally.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Most ZMODEM options are merely passed to the
|
||
|
|
receiving program; some programs do not implement
|
||
|
|
all of these options.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Circular buffering and a ZMODEM sliding window
|
||
|
|
should be used when input is from pipes instead
|
||
|
|
of acknowledging frames each 1024 bytes. If no
|
||
|
|
files can be opened, sz sends a ZMODEM command to
|
||
|
|
echo a suitable complaint; perhaps it should
|
||
|
|
check for the presence of at least one accessible
|
||
|
|
file before getting hot and bothered.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>On at least one BSD system, sz would abnormally
|
||
|
|
end if it got within a few kilobytes of the end
|
||
|
|
of file. Using the "-w 8192" flag fixed
|
||
|
|
the problem. The real cause is unknown, perhaps a
|
||
|
|
bug in the kernel TTY output routines.<p>The test
|
||
|
|
mode leaves a zero length file on the receiving
|
||
|
|
system.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>GNO/ME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>The usual manner of invoking sz to send files
|
||
|
|
from a IIgs is as follows:<p>Connect to the other
|
||
|
|
computer with a term program such as TelCom GS</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Start the X/Y/Zmodem receive on the other side</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Get/Quit back to the GNO Shell</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Type:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New">sz -v -v -b filename1
|
||
|
|
filename2 .. <.ttya >.ttyb</font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>You may put this operation in the background
|
||
|
|
of course. Tests have shown no data loss up to
|
||
|
|
9600 baud in background operation.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -b option ensures binary mode. You must
|
||
|
|
use this if you're sending a ShrinkIt archive or
|
||
|
|
other binary file. For plain text files you can
|
||
|
|
leave off the -b.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>tar - extract and view tape archives</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>tar</b> [-]{<i>x</i>|<i>t</i>}f[<i>v</i>] <i>archive</i></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>tar</b> lists the contents of and extracts
|
||
|
|
files from UNIX tape archives (*.tar files).<p>Traditionally,
|
||
|
|
<b>tar</b> does not require the normal '-'
|
||
|
|
character to denote its arguments. The option
|
||
|
|
flags are as follows:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>x</i> Extract files from the archive</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>v</i> Verbose mode (tell what tar is
|
||
|
|
doing)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>t</i> Tell mode (list files in archive)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>f</i> Use a file on disk instead of a tape</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Since the standard IIGS filesystem is not as
|
||
|
|
flexible, filename-wise, as UNIX filesystems,
|
||
|
|
some pre-processing is performed on filenames
|
||
|
|
created when an archive is extracted.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>• If a tar filename contains a double-/
|
||
|
|
(possible under UNIX if an archive was created by
|
||
|
|
specifying a directory with a trailing slash),
|
||
|
|
tar converts it to a single /.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>• If a filename contains non-alpha
|
||
|
|
numeric characters, they are converted to periods
|
||
|
|
('.').</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>tar</b> does not maintain the file
|
||
|
|
protection bits from UNIX, nor does it maintain
|
||
|
|
the creation and modification dates.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Does not create .tar archives<p>Does not work
|
||
|
|
with raw devices, only files</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Does not allow user to specify which files to
|
||
|
|
extract from archive</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>tar should use the GS/OS JudgeName call.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -x and -t options should be exclusive, but
|
||
|
|
are not.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>mkdir - Makes directories</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>mkdir</b> <i>dirname</i> ...</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>The <b>mkdir</b> command creates subdirectories with the <i>dirname</i>s
|
||
|
|
specified. If a file with that <i>dirname</i> exists, an
|
||
|
|
error is returned. dirname may be a full pathname, or a
|
||
|
|
partial pathname, in which case the directory is created
|
||
|
|
as a subdirectory of the current directory.<p><b>mkdir</b>
|
||
|
|
only creates the filename portion of the specified path.
|
||
|
|
If, for instance, you do </p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New"><b>mkdir /usr/local/bbs/foo</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>directory foo will only be created if all of <b>/usr</b>,
|
||
|
|
<b>local</b>, and <b>bbs</b> exist.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>AUTHOR</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>mkdir</b> was written by James Brookes for GNO/ME.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>more - text pager</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>more</b> [ <i>file</i> ...]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>more</b> allows the user to view the specified <i>file</i>(s)
|
||
|
|
screen by screen or line by line. If no <i>file</i>s are
|
||
|
|
specified, standard input is used.<p>Every time <b>more</b>
|
||
|
|
has displayed a screen of text, it displays a prompt</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New">- filename (xx%) - </font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>indicating the percentage of the file that has been
|
||
|
|
viewed and its filename. If standard input is used,</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New">' - more - '</font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>is used as the prompt instead.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>A number of key commands are available at the prompt.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>q</b> quit viewing the current file, and move to
|
||
|
|
the next file (if any)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>[RETURN]</b></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>display the next line of the file</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>[ESC]</b> abort <b>more</b>, including any more
|
||
|
|
files that may have been specified</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>[SPACE]</b></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>display the next page of the file</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>AUTHOR</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>This version of more was written by Jawaid Bazyar and
|
||
|
|
Derek Taubert.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>passwd - set a user's login password</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>passwd</b> [ -<b>?</b> | -<b>v</b> ] [ <i>username</i>
|
||
|
|
]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>passwd</b> changes the specified user's password. Only
|
||
|
|
root is allowed to alter passwords other than his own. If
|
||
|
|
the<i>username</i> is not given, the user's own login
|
||
|
|
name is assumed. Users other than root must then enter
|
||
|
|
the old password to verify permission to change the
|
||
|
|
password. Finally, the user must type the desired new
|
||
|
|
password twice to insure that no mistakes are made.<p>To
|
||
|
|
cancel <b>passwd</b>, type CTRL-@ when asked to enter the
|
||
|
|
new password. </p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -<b>?</b> flag causes <b>passwd</b> to display a
|
||
|
|
brief usage message, and the -<b>v</b> flag causes <b>passwd</b>
|
||
|
|
to display version information.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>login</b>(1)</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>FILES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>/etc/passwd</b> - contains the password information</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>AUTHOR</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Eric Shepherd<p>Internet uerics@mcl.mcl.ucsb</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>AOL Sheppy</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>purge - deallocate purgeable memory handles</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>purge</b> [-v]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>This program purges all memory blocks marked purgable.
|
||
|
|
This is very important when using the Orca compilers and
|
||
|
|
shells since certain blocks get left lying around and can
|
||
|
|
(and have!) caused compiler errors. By purging memory
|
||
|
|
before compiles a large percentage of strange compiler
|
||
|
|
errors can be eliminated. After purging, all memory
|
||
|
|
possible is then freed for usage.<p>-v gives a verbose
|
||
|
|
listing of each handle being purged and before and after
|
||
|
|
free memory statistics.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The problems mentioned above usually occur when a
|
||
|
|
program has over-written one of the ORCA FastFile
|
||
|
|
system's memory handles. Purging clears these handles and
|
||
|
|
forces a reload from disk.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Purging memory when non-shell applications are running
|
||
|
|
could be dangerous.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>rx, rc, rb, rz - Receive Files and Commands with
|
||
|
|
X/Y/ZMODEM</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>rz</b> -tv<p><b>rb</b> -tv</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>rc</b> -tv file</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>rx</b> -tv file</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>gz</b> file ... [-v]</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>rzCOMMAND</b></p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>This program uses error correcting protocols to receive
|
||
|
|
files over a dial-in serial port from a variety of
|
||
|
|
programs running under many operating systems. It is
|
||
|
|
invoked from a shell prompt manually, or automatically as
|
||
|
|
a result of an "<b>sz</b> file ..." command
|
||
|
|
given to the calling program.<p>This is a shareware
|
||
|
|
program copyrighted by Omen Technology INC.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Rz</b> (Receive ZMODEM) receives one or more files
|
||
|
|
with the ZMODEM protocol. Pathnames are supplied by the
|
||
|
|
sending program, and directories are made if necessary
|
||
|
|
(and possible). Normally, the "<b>rz</b>"
|
||
|
|
command is automatically issued by the calling ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
program, but defective ZMODEM implementations may require
|
||
|
|
starting <b>rz</b> manually.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Rb</b> receives file(s) with YMODEM, accepting
|
||
|
|
either standard128 byte sectors or 1024 byte sectors (sb <b>-k</b>
|
||
|
|
option). The user should determine when the 1024 byte
|
||
|
|
block length actually improves throughput.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If True YMODEM™ (Omen Technology trademark) file
|
||
|
|
information (file length, etc.) is received, the file
|
||
|
|
length controls the number of bytes written to the output
|
||
|
|
dataset, and the modify time and file mode (iff non zero)
|
||
|
|
are set accordingly.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If True YMODEM file information is not received,
|
||
|
|
slashes in the pathname are changed to underscore, and
|
||
|
|
any trailing period in the pathname is eliminated. This
|
||
|
|
conversion is useful for files received from CP/M and
|
||
|
|
other historical systems.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Rc</b> receives a single <u>file</u> with
|
||
|
|
XMODEM-CRC or XMODEM-1k-CRC protocol. The user should
|
||
|
|
determine when the 1024 byte block length actually
|
||
|
|
improves throughput without causing problems. The user
|
||
|
|
must supply the file name to both sending and receiving
|
||
|
|
programs. Up to 1023 garbage characters may be added to
|
||
|
|
the received file.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Rx</b> receives a single <u>file</u> with XMODEM or
|
||
|
|
XMODEM-1k protocol. The user should determine when the
|
||
|
|
1024 byte block length actually improves throughput
|
||
|
|
without causing problems. The user must supply the file
|
||
|
|
name to both sending and receiving programs. Up to 1023
|
||
|
|
garbage characters may be added to the received file.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Rz</b> may be invoked as <b>rzCOMMAND</b> (with an
|
||
|
|
optional leading - as generated by login(1)). For each
|
||
|
|
received file, <u>rz</u> will pipe the file to ``COMMAND
|
||
|
|
filename'' where filename is the name of the transmitted
|
||
|
|
file with the file contents as standard input.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Each file transfer is acknowledged when COMMAND exits
|
||
|
|
with 0 status. A non zero exit status terminates
|
||
|
|
transfers.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>A typical use for this form is <u>rzmail</u> which
|
||
|
|
calls rmail(1) to post mail to the user specified by the
|
||
|
|
transmitted file name. For example, sending the file
|
||
|
|
"caf" from a PC-DOS system to <u>rzmail</u> on
|
||
|
|
a Unix system would result in the contents of the DOS
|
||
|
|
file "caf" being mailed to user
|
||
|
|
"caf".</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The meanings of the available options are:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>tim</b> Change timeout to <u>tim</u> tenths of
|
||
|
|
seconds.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>v </b>Verbose causes a list of file names to be
|
||
|
|
appended to /tmp/rzlog . More v's generate more detailed
|
||
|
|
debugging output.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DIAGNOSTICS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Exit status is as follows: 0 for successful transfers. 1
|
||
|
|
if unrecoverable errors are detected. 2 if syntax errors
|
||
|
|
or file access problems are detected. 3 if the program
|
||
|
|
was terminated by a caught interrupt.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>sz</b>(1).</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NOTES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>ZMODEM's support of XOFF/XON flow control allows proper
|
||
|
|
operation in many environments that do not support XMODEM
|
||
|
|
uploads. Unfortunately, not all Unix versions support
|
||
|
|
input flow control. The TTY input buffering on some
|
||
|
|
systems may not adequately buffer long blocks or
|
||
|
|
streaming input at high speed. You should suspect this
|
||
|
|
problem when you can't send data to the Unix system at
|
||
|
|
high speeds using ZMODEM, YMODEM-1k or XMODEM-1k, but
|
||
|
|
YMODEM with 128 byte blocks works properly.<p>If a
|
||
|
|
program that does not properly implement the specified
|
||
|
|
file transfer protocol causes <b>rz</b> to
|
||
|
|
"hang" the port after a failed transfer, either
|
||
|
|
wait for <b>rz</b> to time out or keyboard a dozen Ctrl-X
|
||
|
|
characters.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Many programs claiming to support YMODEM only support
|
||
|
|
XMODEM with 1k blocks, and they often don't get that
|
||
|
|
quite right.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>This version of <b>rz</b> does not support some ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
features.<p>The ASCII option's CR/LF to NL translation
|
||
|
|
merely deletes CR's.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>ZMODEM CAPABILITIES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>Rz</b> supports ZMODEM command execution (zcommand),
|
||
|
|
incoming ZMODEM binary (-b), ASCII (-a), newer(-n),
|
||
|
|
newer+longer(-N), protect (-p), Crash Recovery(-r),
|
||
|
|
clobber (-y), match+clobber (-Y), compression(-Z), and
|
||
|
|
append (-+) requests. Other options sent by the sender
|
||
|
|
are ignored. The default is protect (-p) and binary (-b).</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>FILES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>/tmp/rzlog stores debugging output generated with -vv
|
||
|
|
option</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>script - make typescript of a terminal session</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>script</b> [ -<b>a</b> ] [ <i>filename</i> ]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>script</b> makes a typescript of everything printed on
|
||
|
|
your terminal. The typescript is written to <i>filename</i>
|
||
|
|
, or appended to <i>filename</i> if the -<b>a</b> option
|
||
|
|
is given. It can be sent to the line printer later with <b>lpr</b>(1).
|
||
|
|
If no file name is given, the typescript is saved in the
|
||
|
|
file typescript .<p>The script ends when the forked shell
|
||
|
|
exits.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>OPTIONS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>-<b>a</b> Append the script to the specified file instead
|
||
|
|
of writing over it.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>lpr</b> (1), <b>pty</b> (4)</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>script places <i>everything</i> in the log file. This is
|
||
|
|
not what the naive user expects.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>sleep - suspend execution for an interval</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>sleep</b> <i>time</i></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>Sleep</b> suspends execution for <i>time</i> seconds.
|
||
|
|
It is used to execute a command after a certain amount of
|
||
|
|
time as in a script:<p>sleep 105</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>command</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>alarm</b>(3C), <b>sleep</b>(3)</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><i>Time</i> must be less than 2,147,483,647 seconds.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>split - split a file into pieces</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>split</b> [ - <i>number</i> ] [ <i>infile</i> [ <i>outfile</i>
|
||
|
|
] ]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>split</b> reads <i>infile</i> and writes it in <i>number</i>
|
||
|
|
-line pieces (default 1000) onto a set of output files
|
||
|
|
(as many files as necessary). The name of the first
|
||
|
|
output file is <i>outfile</i> with <b>aa</b> appended,
|
||
|
|
the second file is <b>outfile</b>ab , and so on
|
||
|
|
lexicographically.<p>If no <i>outfile</i> is given, <b>x</b>
|
||
|
|
is used as default (output files will be called <b>xaa</b>
|
||
|
|
, <b>xab</b> , etc.).</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If no <i>infile</i> is given, or if `<b>-</b>' is
|
||
|
|
given in its stead, then the standard input file is used.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>OPTIONS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>- number Number of lines in each piece.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>stty - set and view terminal options and parameters</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>stty</b> [ <i>option</i> ... ] [ <i>charoption c</i><b>
|
||
|
|
</b>... ]</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>If no options are specified, <b>stty</b> prints out all
|
||
|
|
the current terminal option settings. <i>options</i>
|
||
|
|
represent boolean flags in the terminal parameters, and
|
||
|
|
are as follows:<p><b>raw</b> turns on RAW mode (no
|
||
|
|
character or line processing)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>-raw</b> turns off RAW mode</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>ehco</b> if in CBREAK or COOKED mode, echoes input
|
||
|
|
characters</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>-echo</b> echo mode off</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>cbreak </b>turns on CBREAK mode (single character
|
||
|
|
processing)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>-cbreak </b>turns off CBREAK mode (line-at-a-time
|
||
|
|
processing)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>Charoptions</i> represent variables in the terminal
|
||
|
|
interface, and are as follows:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>intr c</b> sets the interrupt character (normally
|
||
|
|
^C)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>start c</b> sets the start character (normally ^Q)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>stop c</b> sets the stop character (normally ^S)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>eof c</b> sets the eof character (normally ^D)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>susp c</b> sets the suspend character (normally ^Z)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>c</b> may be defined either as an octal number such
|
||
|
|
as 003, or in control character format (^C).</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>tty</b>(4)</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>NAME</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times">sum - print checksum and block count
|
||
|
|
of a file</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>SYNOPSIS</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times"><b>sum</b> [ <i>file</i> ]</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>DESCRIPTION</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times"><b>Sum</b> calculates and prints a
|
||
|
|
16-bit checksum for the named file, and also prints the
|
||
|
|
number of blocks in the file. Stdin is used if no file
|
||
|
|
names are given. <b>Sum</b> is typically used to look for
|
||
|
|
corrupted files, or to validate a file communicated over
|
||
|
|
some transmission line.</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>DIAGNOSTICS</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times">``Read error'' is indistinguishable
|
||
|
|
from end of file on most devices; check the block count.</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>SEE ALSO</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times"><b>wc</b>(1).</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>NOTE</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times"><b>Sum</b> is pretty slow on large
|
||
|
|
files when running on the GS. If anyone has a faster
|
||
|
|
algorithm for computing the 16-bit checksum, I'd really
|
||
|
|
appreciate seeing it. </font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><font size="3"><b>AUTHOR</b></font></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><font face="Times">Marek Pawlowski -
|
||
|
|
marekp@pnet91.cts.com</font></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>sx, sb, sz - Send Files with ZMODEM, YMODEM, or XMODEM<p>zcommand,
|
||
|
|
zcommandi - Send COmmands with ZMODEM</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>sz</b> [-+abdefkLlNnopTtuvyYZ] file ...<p><b>sb</b>
|
||
|
|
[-dfktuv] file ...</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>sx</b> [-ktuv] file</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>zcommand</b> [-otv] COMMAND</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>zcommandi</b> [-otv] COMMAND</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>sz</b> -TT</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>Sz</b> (send ZMODEM) uses the ZMODEM, YMODEM or XMODEM
|
||
|
|
error correcting protocol to send one or more files over
|
||
|
|
a dial-in serial port to a variety of programs running
|
||
|
|
under PC-DOS, CP/M, Unix, VMS, and other operating
|
||
|
|
systems.<p>This is a shareware program copyrighted by
|
||
|
|
Omen Technology INC.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Sz</b> sends one or more files with ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
protocol.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>ZMODEM greatly simplifies file transfers compared to
|
||
|
|
XMODEM. In addition to a friendly user interface, ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
provides Personal Computer and other users an efficient,
|
||
|
|
accurate, and robust file transfer method.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>ZMODEM provides complete END-TO-END data integrity
|
||
|
|
between application programs. ZMODEM's 32 bit CRC catches
|
||
|
|
errors that sneak into even the most advanced networks.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Advanced file management features include AutoDownload
|
||
|
|
(Automatic file Download initiated without user
|
||
|
|
intervention), Display of individual and total file
|
||
|
|
lengths and transmission time estimates, Crash Recovery,
|
||
|
|
selective file transfers, and preservation of exact file
|
||
|
|
date and length.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -y option instructs the receiver to open the file
|
||
|
|
for writing unconditionally. The -a option causes the
|
||
|
|
receiver to convert Unix newlines to PC-DOS carriage
|
||
|
|
returns and linefeeds.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Sb</b> sends one or more files with YMODEM or
|
||
|
|
ZMODEM protocol. The initial ZMODEM initialization is not
|
||
|
|
sent. When requested by the receiver, <b>sb</b> supports
|
||
|
|
YMODEM-g with "cbreak" tty mode, XON/XOFF flow
|
||
|
|
control, and interrupt character set to CAN (^X).
|
||
|
|
YMODEM-g increases YMODEM throughput over error free
|
||
|
|
channels (direct connection, X.PC, etc.) by disabling
|
||
|
|
error recovery.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>On Unix systems, additional information about the file
|
||
|
|
is transmitted. If the receiving program uses this
|
||
|
|
information, the transmitted file length controls the
|
||
|
|
exact number of bytes written to the output dataset, and
|
||
|
|
the modify time and file mode are set accordingly.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>Sx</b> sends a single file with XMODEM or XMODEM-1k
|
||
|
|
protocol (sometimes incorrectly called
|
||
|
|
"ymodem"). The user must supply the file name
|
||
|
|
to both sending and receiving programs.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If <b>sz</b> is invoked with $SHELL set and if that
|
||
|
|
variable contains the string rsh or rksh (restricted
|
||
|
|
shell), sz operates in restricted mode. Restricted mode
|
||
|
|
restricts pathnames to the current directory and PUBDIR
|
||
|
|
(usually /usr/spool/uucppublic) and/or subdirectories
|
||
|
|
thereof.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The fourth form sends a single COMMAND to a ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
receiver for execution. Zcommand exits with the COMMAND
|
||
|
|
return value. If COMMAND includes spaces or characters
|
||
|
|
special to the shell, it must be quoted.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The fifth form sends a single COMMAND to a ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
receiver for execution. Zcommandi exits as soon as the
|
||
|
|
receiver has correctly received the command, before it is
|
||
|
|
executed.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The sixth form (sz -TT) attempts to output all 256
|
||
|
|
code combinations to the terminal. If you are having
|
||
|
|
difficulty sending files, this command lets you see which
|
||
|
|
character codes are being eaten by the operating system.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The meanings of the available options are:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>+</i> Instruct the receiver to append transmitted
|
||
|
|
data to an existing file (ZMODEM only).</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>a</i> Instruct the ZMODEM receiver to convert text
|
||
|
|
file format as appropriate for the receiving system.
|
||
|
|
Valid only for ZMODEM.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>b</i> (Zmodem) Binary override: transfer file
|
||
|
|
without any translation.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>c</i> Instruct the receiver to change the pathname
|
||
|
|
if the destination file exists.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>d</i> Change all instances of "." to
|
||
|
|
"/" in the transmitted pathname. Thus,
|
||
|
|
C.omenB0000 (which is unacceptable to MSDOS or CP/M) is
|
||
|
|
transmitted as C/omenB0000. If the resultant filename has
|
||
|
|
more than 8 characters in the stem, a "." is
|
||
|
|
inserted to allow a total of eleven.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>e</i> Escape all control characters; normally only
|
||
|
|
XON, XOFF, DLE, CR-@-CR, and Ctrl-X are escaped.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>f</i> Send Full pathname. Normally directory
|
||
|
|
prefixes are stripped from the transmitted filename.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>k</i> (X/Ymodem) Send files using 1024 byte blocks
|
||
|
|
rather than the default 128 byte blocks. 1024 byte
|
||
|
|
packets speed file transfers at high bit rates. (ZMODEM
|
||
|
|
streams the data for the best possible throughput.)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>L N</i> Use ZMODEM sub-packets of length N. A
|
||
|
|
larger N (32 <= N <= 1024) gives slightly higher
|
||
|
|
hroughput, a smaller N speeds error recovery. The default
|
||
|
|
is 128 below 300 baud, 256 above 300 baud, or 1024 above
|
||
|
|
2400 baud.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>l N</i> Wait for the receiver to acknowledge
|
||
|
|
correct data every N (32 <= N <= 1024) characters.
|
||
|
|
This may be used to avoid network overrun when XOFF flow
|
||
|
|
control is lacking.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>n</i> (Zmodem) Send each file if destination file
|
||
|
|
does not exist. Overwrite destination file if source file
|
||
|
|
is newer than the destination file.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>N</i> (Zmodem) Send each file if destination file
|
||
|
|
does not exist. Overwrite destination file if source file
|
||
|
|
is newer or longer than the destination file.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>o</i> (Zmodem) Disable automatic selection of 32
|
||
|
|
bit CRC.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>p</i> (Zmodem) Protect existing destination files
|
||
|
|
by skipping transfer if the destination file exists.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>r</i> (Zmodem) Resume interrupted file transfer. If
|
||
|
|
the source file is longer than the destination file, the
|
||
|
|
transfer commences at the offset in the source file that
|
||
|
|
equals the length of the destination file.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>rr </i>As above, but compares the files (the
|
||
|
|
portion common to sender and reciever) before resuming
|
||
|
|
the transfer.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>t</i> tim Change timeout to tim tenths of seconds.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>u</i> Unlink the file after successful
|
||
|
|
transmission.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>w</i> N Limit the transmit window size to N bytes
|
||
|
|
(ZMODEM).</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>v</i> Verbose causes a list of file names to be
|
||
|
|
appended to /tmp/szlog. More v's generate more output.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>y</i> Instruct a ZMODEM receiving program to
|
||
|
|
overwrite any existing file with the same name.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>Y</i> Instruct a ZMODEM receiving program to
|
||
|
|
overwrite any existing file with the same name, and to
|
||
|
|
skip any source files that do have a file with the same
|
||
|
|
pathname on the destination system.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><i>Z</i> Use ZMODEM file compression to speed file
|
||
|
|
transfer.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DIAGNOSTICS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Exit status is as follows: 0 for successful transfers. 1
|
||
|
|
if unrecoverable errors are detected. 2 if syntax errors
|
||
|
|
or file access problems are detected. 3 if the program
|
||
|
|
was terminated by a caught interrupt.</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>EXAMPLE</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><u>ZMODEM File Transfer (GNO to remote system)</u><p><font
|
||
|
|
face="Courier New">% sz -a *.c</font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>This single command transfers all .c files in the
|
||
|
|
current directory with conversion (-a) to end of line
|
||
|
|
conventions appropriate to the receiving environment.
|
||
|
|
With ZMODEM AutoDownload enabled, will automatically
|
||
|
|
recieve the files after performing a security check.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New">% sz -Yan *.c *.h</font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Send only the .c and .h files that exist on both
|
||
|
|
systems, and are newer on the sending system than the
|
||
|
|
corresponding version on the receiving system, converting
|
||
|
|
Apple to UNIX text format.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>rz(1).<p>Compile time options required for various
|
||
|
|
operating systems are described in the source file.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>FILES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown.<p>sz.c, crctab.c,
|
||
|
|
rbsb.c, zm.c, zmr.c, zmodem.h Unix source files</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>/tmp/szlog stores debugging output (sz -vv)</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>TESTING FEATURE</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>The command "sz -T file" exercises the Attn
|
||
|
|
sequence error recovery by commanding errors with
|
||
|
|
unterminated packets. The receiving program should
|
||
|
|
complain five times about binary data packets being too
|
||
|
|
long. Each time sz is interrupted, it should send a ZDATA
|
||
|
|
header followed by another defective packet. If the
|
||
|
|
receiver does not detect five long data packets, the Attn
|
||
|
|
sequence is not interrupting the sender, and the Myattn
|
||
|
|
string in sz.c must be modified.<p>After 5 packets, sz
|
||
|
|
stops the "transfer" and prints the total
|
||
|
|
number of characters "sent" (Tcount). The
|
||
|
|
difference between Tcount and 5120 represents the number
|
||
|
|
of characters stored in various buffers when the Attn
|
||
|
|
sequence is generated.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NOTES</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>When using buffered modems at high speed, particular
|
||
|
|
attention must be paid to flow control. The modem and
|
||
|
|
Unix must agree on the flow control method. Sz on USG
|
||
|
|
(SYS III/V) systems uses XON/XOFF flow control. If flow
|
||
|
|
control cannot be properly set up, Try a "-w
|
||
|
|
2048" option to enforce protocol level flow control.
|
||
|
|
Experiment with different window sizes for best results.<p>If
|
||
|
|
a program that does not properly implement the specified
|
||
|
|
file transfer protocol causes sb to "hang" the
|
||
|
|
port after a failed transfer, either wait for sb to time
|
||
|
|
out or type a dozen Ctrl-X characters.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Many programs claiming to support YMODEM only support
|
||
|
|
XMODEM with 1k blocks, and they often don't get that
|
||
|
|
quite right. XMODEM transfers add up to 127 garbage bytes
|
||
|
|
per file. XMODEM-1k and YMODEM-1k transfers use 128 byte
|
||
|
|
blocks to avoid extra padding.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>YMODEM programs use the file length transmitted at the
|
||
|
|
beginning of the transfer to prune the file to the
|
||
|
|
correct length; this may cause problems with source files
|
||
|
|
that grow during the course of the transfer. This problem
|
||
|
|
does not pertain to ZMODEM transfers, which preserve the
|
||
|
|
exact file length unconditionally.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Most ZMODEM options are merely passed to the receiving
|
||
|
|
program; some programs do not implement all of these
|
||
|
|
options.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Circular buffering and a ZMODEM sliding window should
|
||
|
|
be used when input is from pipes instead of acknowledging
|
||
|
|
frames each 1024 bytes. If no files can be opened, sz
|
||
|
|
sends a ZMODEM command to echo a suitable complaint;
|
||
|
|
perhaps it should check for the presence of at least one
|
||
|
|
accessible file before getting hot and bothered.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>On at least one BSD system, sz would abnormally end if it
|
||
|
|
got within a few kilobytes of the end of file. Using the
|
||
|
|
"-w 8192" flag fixed the problem. The real
|
||
|
|
cause is unknown, perhaps a bug in the kernel TTY output
|
||
|
|
routines.<p>The test mode leaves a zero length file on
|
||
|
|
the receiving system.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>GNO/ME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>The usual manner of invoking sz to send files from a IIgs
|
||
|
|
is as follows:<p>Connect to the other computer with a
|
||
|
|
term program such as TelCom GS</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Start the X/Y/Zmodem receive on the other side</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Get/Quit back to the GNO Shell</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Type:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><font face="Courier New">sz -v -v -b filename1
|
||
|
|
filename2 .. <.ttya >.ttyb</font></p>
|
||
|
|
<p>You may put this operation in the background of
|
||
|
|
course. Tests have shown no data loss up to 9600 baud in
|
||
|
|
background operation.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -b option ensures binary mode. You must use this
|
||
|
|
if you're sending a ShrinkIt archive or other binary
|
||
|
|
file. For plain text files you can leave off the -b.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>NAME</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>tar - extract and view tape archives</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>SYNOPSIS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>tar</b> [-]{<i>x</i>|<i>t</i>}f[<i>v</i>] <i>archive</i></li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li><b>tar</b> lists the contents of and extracts files from
|
||
|
|
UNIX tape archives (*.tar files).<p>Traditionally, <b>tar</b>
|
||
|
|
does not require the normal '-' character to denote its
|
||
|
|
arguments. The option flags are as follows:</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>x</i> Extract files from the archive</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>v</i> Verbose mode (tell what tar is doing)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>t</i> Tell mode (list files in archive)</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>-<i>f</i> Use a file on disk instead of a tape</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Since the standard IIGS filesystem is not as flexible,
|
||
|
|
filename-wise, as UNIX filesystems, some pre-processing
|
||
|
|
is performed on filenames created when an archive is
|
||
|
|
extracted.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>• If a tar filename contains a double-/ (possible
|
||
|
|
under UNIX if an archive was created by specifying a
|
||
|
|
directory with a trailing slash), tar converts it to a
|
||
|
|
single /.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>• If a filename contains non-alpha numeric
|
||
|
|
characters, they are converted to periods ('.').</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><b>tar</b> does not maintain the file protection bits
|
||
|
|
from UNIX, nor does it maintain the creation and
|
||
|
|
modification dates.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p><b>BUGS</b></p>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<dir>
|
||
|
|
<li>Does not create .tar archives<p>Does not work with raw
|
||
|
|
devices, only files</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Does not allow user to specify which files to extract
|
||
|
|
from archive</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>tar should use the GS/OS JudgeName call.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The -x and -t options should be exclusive, but are
|
||
|
|
not.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</dir>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|