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strftime.3:
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usr.man/man3/strftime.3
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usr.man/man3/strftime.3
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.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the American National Standards Committee X3, on Information
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.\" Processing Systems.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)strftime.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
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.\"
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.TH STRFTIME 3 "4 July 1999" GNO "Library Routines"
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.SH NAME
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.BR strftime
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\- format date and time
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.br
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#include <time.h>
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.sp 1
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size_t
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\fBstrftime\fR (char *\fIbuf\fR, size_t \fImaxsize\fR, const char *\fIformat\fR, const struct tm *\fItimeptr\fR);
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.BR strftime
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function formats the information from
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.I timeptr
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into the buffer
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.I buf
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according to the string pointed to by
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.IR format .
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.LP
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The
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.I format
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string consists of zero or more conversion specifications and
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ordinary characters.
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All ordinary characters are copied directly into the buffer.
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A conversion specification consists of a percent sign
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.RB ( % )
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and one other character.
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.LP
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No more than
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.I maxsize
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characters will be placed into the array.
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If the total number of resulting characters, including the terminating
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null character, is not more than
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.IR maxsize .
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.BR strftime
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returns the number of characters in the array, not counting the
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terminating null.
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Otherwise, zero is returned.
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.LP
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Each conversion specification is replaced by the characters as
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follows which are then copied into the buffer.
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.RS
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.IP "\fB\&%A\fR"
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is replaced by national representation of the full weekday name.
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.IP "\fB%a\fR"
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is replaced by national representation of
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the abbreviated weekday name, where the abbreviation
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is the first three characters.
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.IP "\fB\&%B\fR"
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is replaced by national representation of the full month name.
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.IP "\fB%b\fR"
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is replaced by national representation of
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the abbreviated month name, where the abbreviation is
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the first three characters.
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.IP "\fB\&%C\fR"
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is replaced by (year / 100) as decimal number; single
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digits are preceded by a zero.
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.IP "\fB%c\fR"
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is replaced by national representation of time and date
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(the format is similar with produced by
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.BR asctime (3)).
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.IP "\fB\&%D\fR"
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is equivalent to
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.BR %m/%d/%y .
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.IP "\fB%d\fR"
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is replaced by the day of the month as a decimal number (01-31).
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.IP "\fB\&%E*\fR"
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POSIX locale extensions.
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The sequences
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%Ec %EC %Ex %Ey %EY
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%Od %Oe %OH %OI %Om %OM
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%OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy
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are supposed to provide alternate
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representations.
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.IP "\fB%e\fR"
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is replaced by the day of month as a decimal number (1-31); single
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digits are preceded by a blank.
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.IP "\fB\&%H\fR"
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is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (00-23).
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.IP "\fB%h\fR"
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the same as %b.
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.IP "\fB\&%I\fR"
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is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (01-12).
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.IP "\fB%j\fR"
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is replaced by the day of the year as a decimal number (001-366).
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.IP "\fB%k\fR"
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is replaced by the hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (0-23);
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single digits are preceded by a blank.
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.IP "\fB%l\fR"
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is replaced by the hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (1-12);
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single digits are preceded by a blank.
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.IP "\fB\&%M\fR"
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is replaced by the minute as a decimal number (00-59).
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.IP "\fB%m\fR"
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is replaced by the month as a decimal number (01-12).
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.IP "\fB%n\fR"
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is replaced by a newline.
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.IP "\fB\&%O*\fR"
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the same as %E*.
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.IP "\fB%p
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is replaced by national representation of either
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"ante meridiem"
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or
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"post meridiem"
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as appropriate.
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.IP "\fB\&%R
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is equivalent to
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.Dq Li %H:%M .
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.IP "\fB%r
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is equivalent to
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.BR "%I:%M:%S %p" .
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.IP "\fB\&%S
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is replaced by the second as a decimal number (00-60).
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.IP "\fB%s
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is replaced by the number of seconds since the Epoch, UTC (see
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.BR mktime (3)).
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.IP "\fB\&%T
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is equivalent to
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.Dq Li %H:%M:%S .
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.IP "\fB%t
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is replaced by a tab.
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.IP "\fB\&%U
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is replaced by the week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of
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the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
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.IP "\fB%u
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is replaced by the weekday (Monday as the first day of the week)
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as a decimal number (1-7).
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.IP "\fB\&%V
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is replaced by the week number of the year (the first
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Monday as the first day of week 1) as a
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decimal number (01-53).
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.IP "\fB%v
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is equivalent to
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.BR "%e-%b-%Y" .
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.IP "\fB\&%W
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is replaced by the week number of the year (Monday as the first day of
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the week) as a decimal number (00-53).
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.IP "\fB%w
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is replaced by the weekday (Sunday as the first day of the week)
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as a decimal number (0-6).
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.IP "\fB\&%X
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is replaced by national representation of the time.
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.IP "\fB%x
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is replaced by national representation of the date.
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.IP "\fB\&%Y
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is replaced by the year with century as a decimal number.
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.IP "\fB%y
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is replaced by the year without century as a decimal number (00-99).
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.IP "\fB\&%Z
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is replaced by the time zone name.
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.IP "\fB%+
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is replaced by national representation of the date and time
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(the format is similar with produced by
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.BR date (1)).
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.IP "\fB%%
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is replaced by
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.BR % .
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.RE
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR date (1),
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.BR ctime (3),
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.BR printf (1),
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.BR printf (3)
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.SH STANDARDS
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The
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.BR strftime
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function
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conforms to ANSI/C.
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The
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.B %s
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conversion specification is an extension.
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.SH BUGS
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There is no conversion specification for the phase of the moon.
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.LP
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The GNO version does not currently handle national locales. The C locale
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is assumed.
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