awk sources as taken from from Brian Kernighan's Web page at

http://plan9.bell-labs.com/who/bwk/

This is version 970821 without modification for GNO/ME compatibility.
It's being included in the repository to assist in importing future
versions of awk from Bell Labs.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Added Files:
   awk/FIXES awk/README awk/awk.1 awk/awk.h awk/awkgram.y awk/b.c
   awk/lex.c awk/lib.c awk/main.c awk/makefile awk/maketab.c
   awk/missing95.c awk/parse.c awk/proto.h awk/run.c awk/tran.c
   awk/ytab.c awk/ytab.h awk/ytabc.bak awk/ytabh.bak
----------------------------------------------------------------------

 -- Dave Tribby
This commit is contained in:
tribby 1998-02-10 04:26:47 +00:00
parent 829e7d0929
commit 99bb125e6e
20 changed files with 10562 additions and 0 deletions

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/****************************************************************
Copyright (C) Lucent Technologies 1997
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name Lucent Technologies or any of
its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.
LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY
SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF
THIS SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************/
This file lists all bug fixes, changes, etc., made since the AWK book
was sent to the printers in August, 1987.
Sep 12, 1987:
Very long printf strings caused core dump;
fixed aprintf, asprintf, format to catch them.
Can still get a core dump in printf itself.
Sep 17, 1987:
Error-message printer had printf(s) instead of
printf("%s",s); got core dumps when the message
included a %.
Oct xx, 1987:
Reluctantly added toupper and tolower functions.
Subject to rescinding without notice.
Dec 2, 1987:
Newer C compilers apply a strict scope rule to extern
declarations within functions. Two extern declarations in
lib.c and tran.c have been moved to obviate this problem.
Mar 25, 1988:
main.c fixed to recognize -- as terminator of command-
line options. Illegal options flagged.
Error reporting slightly cleaned up.
May 10, 1988:
Fixed lib.c to permit _ in commandline variable names.
May 22, 1988:
Removed limit on depth of function calls.
May 28, 1988:
srand returns seed value it's using.
see 1/18/90
June 1, 1988:
check error status on close
July 2, 1988:
performance bug in b.c/cgoto(): not freeing some sets of states.
partial fix only right now, and the number of states increased
to make it less obvious.
July 2, 1988:
flush stdout before opening file or pipe
July 24, 1988:
fixed egregious error in toupper/tolower functions.
still subject to rescinding, however.
Aug 23, 1988:
setting FILENAME in BEGIN caused core dump, apparently
because it was freeing space not allocated by malloc.
Sep 30, 1988:
Now guarantees to evaluate all arguments of built-in
functions, as in C; the appearance is that arguments
are evaluated before the function is called. Places
affected are sub (gsub was ok), substr, printf, and
all the built-in arithmetic functions in bltin().
A warning is generated if a bltin() is called with
the wrong number of arguments.
This requires changing makeprof on p167 of the book.
Oct 12, 1988:
Fixed bug in call() that freed local arrays twice.
Fixed to handle deletion of non-existent array right;
complains about attempt to delete non-array element.
Oct 20, 1988:
Fixed %c: if expr is numeric, use numeric value;
otherwise print 1st char of string value. still
doesn't work if the value is 0 -- won't print \0.
Added a few more checks for running out of malloc.
Oct 30, 1988:
Fixed bug in call() that failed to recover storage.
A warning is now generated if there are more arguments
in the call than in the definition (in lieu of fixing
another storage leak).
Nov 27, 1988:
With fear and trembling, modified the grammar to permit
multiple pattern-action statements on one line without
an explicit separator. By definition, this capitulation
to the ghost of ancient implementations remains undefined
and thus subject to change without notice or apology.
DO NOT COUNT ON IT.
Dec 7, 1988:
Added a bit of code to error printing to avoid printing nulls.
(Not clear that it actually would.)
Dec 17, 1988:
Catches some more commandline errors in main.
Removed redundant decl of modf in run.c (confuses some compilers).
Warning: there's no single declaration of malloc, etc., in awk.h
that seems to satisfy all compilers.
Jan 9, 1989:
Fixed bug that caused tempcell list to contain a duplicate.
The fix is kludgy.
Apr 9, 1989:
Changed grammar to prohibit constants as 3rd arg of sub and gsub;
prevents class of overwriting-a-constant errors. (Last one?)
This invalidates the "banana" example on page 43 of the book.
Added \a ("alert"), \v (vertical tab), \xhhh (hexadecimal),
as in ANSI, for strings. Rescinded the sloppiness that permitted
non-octal digits in \ooo. Warning: not all compilers and libraries
will be able to deal with \x correctly.
Apr 26, 1989:
Debugging output now includes a version date,
if one compiles it into the source each time.
Apr 27, 1989:
Line number now accumulated correctly for comment lines.
Jun 4, 1989:
ENVIRON array contains environment: if shell variable V=thing,
ENVIRON["V"] is "thing"
multiple -f arguments permitted. error reporting is naive.
(they were permitted before, but only the last was used.)
fixed a really stupid botch in the debugging macro dprintf
fixed order of evaluation of commandline assignments to match
what the book claims: an argument of the form x=e is evaluated
at the time it would have been opened if it were a filename (p 63).
this invalidates the suggested answer to ex 4-1 (p 195).
removed some code that permitted -F (space) fieldseparator,
since it didn't quite work right anyway. (restored aug 2)
Jun 14, 1989:
added some missing ansi printf conversion letters: %i %X %E %G.
no sensible meaning for h or L, so they may not do what one expects.
made %* conversions work.
changed x^y so that if n is a positive integer, it's done
by explicit multiplication, thus achieving maximum accuracy.
(this should be done by pow() but it seems not to be locally.)
done to x ^= y as well.
Jun 23, 1989:
add newline to usage message.
Jul 10, 1989:
fixed ref-thru-zero bug in environment code in tran.c
Jul 30, 1989:
added -v x=1 y=2 ... for immediate commandline variable assignment;
done before the BEGIN block for sure. they have to precede the
program if the program is on the commandline.
Modified Aug 2 to require a separate -v for each assignment.
Aug 2, 1989:
restored -F (space) separator
Aug 11, 1989:
fixed bug: commandline variable assignment has to look like
var=something. (consider the man page for =, in file =.1)
changed number of arguments to functions to static arrays
to avoid repeated malloc calls.
Aug 24, 1989:
removed redundant relational tests against nullnode if parse
tree already had a relational at that point.
Oct 11, 1989:
FILENAME is now defined in the BEGIN block -- too many old
programs broke.
"-" means stdin in getline as well as on the commandline.
added a bunch of casts to the code to tell the truth about
char * vs. unsigned char *, a right royal pain. added a
setlocale call to the front of main, though probably no one
has it usefully implemented yet.
Oct 18, 1989:
another try to get the max number of open files set with
relatively machine-independent code.
small fix to input() in case of multiple reads after EOF.
Jan 5, 1990:
fix potential problem in tran.c -- something was freed,
then used in freesymtab.
Jan 18, 1990:
srand now returns previous seed value (0 to start).
Feb 9, 1990:
fixed null pointer dereference bug in main.c: -F[nothing]. sigh.
restored srand behavior: it returns the current seed.
May 6, 1990:
AVA fixed the grammar so that ! is uniformly of the same precedence as
unary + and -. This renders illegal some constructs like !x=y, which
now has to be parenthesized as !(x=y), and makes others work properly:
!x+y is (!x)+y, and x!y is x !y, not two pattern-action statements.
(These problems were pointed out by Bob Lenk of Posix.)
Added \x to regular expressions (already in strings).
Limited octal to octal digits; \8 and \9 are not octal.
Centralized the code for parsing escapes in regular expressions.
Added a bunch of tests to T.re and T.sub to verify some of this.
Jun 26, 1990:
changed struct rrow (awk.h) to use long instead of int for lval,
since cfoll() stores a pointer in it. now works better when int's
are smaller than pointers!
Aug 24, 1990:
changed NCHARS to 256 to handle 8-bit characters in strings
presented to match(), etc.
Oct 8, 1990:
fixed horrible bug: types and values were not preserved in
some kinds of self-assignment. (in assign().)
Oct 14, 1990:
fixed the bug on p. 198 in which it couldn't deduce that an
argument was an array in some contexts. replaced the error
message in intest() by code that damn well makes it an array.
Oct 29, 1990:
fixed sleazy buggy code in lib.c that looked (incorrectly) for
too long input lines.
Nov 2, 1990:
fixed sleazy test for integrality in getsval; use modf.
Jan 11, 1991:
failed to set numeric state on $0 in cmd|getline context in run.c.
Jan 28, 1991:
awk -f - reads the program from stdin.
Feb 10, 1991:
check error status on all writes, to avoid banging on full disks.
May 6, 1991:
fixed silly bug in hex parsing in hexstr().
removed an apparently unnecessary test in isnumber().
warn about weird printf conversions.
fixed unchecked array overwrite in relex().
changed for (i in array) to access elements in sorted order.
then unchanged it -- it really does run slower in too many cases.
left the code in place, commented out.
May 13, 1991:
removed extra arg on gettemp, tempfree. minor error message rewording.
Jun 2, 1991:
better defense against very long printf strings.
made break and continue illegal outside of loops.
Jun 30, 1991:
better test for detecting too-long output record.
Jul 21, 1991:
fixed so that in self-assignment like $1=$1, side effects
like recomputing $0 take place. (this is getting subtle.)
Jul 27, 1991:
allow newline after ; in for statements.
Aug 18, 1991:
enforce variable name syntax for commandline variables: has to
start with letter or _.
Sep 24, 1991:
increased buffer in gsub. a very crude fix to a general problem.
and again on Sep 26.
Nov 12, 1991:
cranked up some fixed-size arrays in b.c, and added a test for
overflow in penter. thanks to mark larsen.
Nov 19, 1991:
use RAND_MAX instead of literal in builtin().
Nov 30, 1991:
fixed storage leak in freefa, failing to recover [N]CCL.
thanks to Bill Jones (jones@skorpio.usask.ca)
Dec 2, 1991:
die-casting time: converted to ansi C, installed that.
Feb 20, 1992:
recompile after abortive changes; should be unchanged.
Apr 12, 1992:
added explicit check for /dev/std(in,out,err) in redirection.
unlike gawk, no /dev/fd/n yet.
added (file/pipe) builtin. hard to test satisfactorily.
not posix.
Apr 24, 1992:
remove redundant close of stdin when using -f -.
got rid of core dump with -d; awk -d just prints date.
May 31, 1992:
added -mr N and -mf N options: more record and fields.
these really ought to adjust automatically.
cleaned up some error messages; "out of space" now means
malloc returned NULL in all cases.
changed rehash so that if it runs out, it just returns;
things will continue to run slow, but maybe a bit longer.
Nov 28, 1992:
deleted yyunput and yyoutput from proto.h;
different versions of lex give these different declarations.
Jul 23, 1993:
cosmetic changes: increased sizes of some arrays,
reworded some error messages.
added CONVFMT as in posix (just replaced OFMT in getsval)
FILENAME is now "" until the first thing that causes a file
to be opened.
Feb 2, 1994:
changed error() to print line number as %d, not %g.
Apr 22, 1994:
fixed yet another subtle self-assignment problem:
$1 = $2; $1 = $1 clobbered $1.
Regression tests now use private echo, to avoid quoting problems.
May 11, 1994:
trivial fix to printf to limit string size in sub().
Aug 24, 1994:
detect duplicate arguments in function definitions (mdm).
Jul 17, 1995:
added dynamically growing strings to awk.lx.l and b.c
to permit regular expressions to be much bigger.
the state arrays can still overflow.
Aug 15, 1995:
initialized Cells in setsymtab more carefully; some fields
were not set. (thanks to purify, all of whose complaints i
think i now understand.)
fixed at least one error in gsub that looked at -1-th element
of an array when substituting for a null match (e.g., $).
delete arrayname is now legal; it clears the elements but leaves
the array, which may not be the right behavior.
modified makefile: my current make can't cope with the test used
to avoid unnecessary yacc invocations.
Apr 29, 1996:
replaced uchar by uschar everwhere; apparently some compilers
usurp this name and this causes conflicts.
fixed call to time in run.c (bltin); arg is time_t *.
replaced horrible pointer/long punning in b.c by a legitimate
union. should be safer on 64-bit machines and cleaner everywhere.
(thanks to nelson beebe for pointing out some of these problems.)
replaced nested comments by #if 0...#endif in run.c, lib.c.
removed getsval, setsval, execute macros from run.c and lib.c.
machines are 100x faster than they were when these macros were
first used.
revised filenames: awk.g.y => awkgram.y, awk.lx.l => awklex.l,
y.tab.[ch] => ytab.[ch], lex.yy.c => lexyy.c, all in the aid of
portability to nameless systems.
"make bundle" now includes yacc and lex output files for recipients
who don't have yacc or lex.
May 2, 1996:
removed all register declarations.
enhanced split(), as in gawk, etc: split(s, a, "") splits s into
a[1]...a[length(s)] with each character a single element.
made the same changes for field-splitting if FS is "".
added nextfile, as in gawk: causes immediate advance to next
input file. (thanks to arnold robbins for inspiration and code).
small fixes to regexpr code: can now handle []], [[], and
variants; [] is now a syntax error, rather than matching
everything; [z-a] is now empty, not z. far from complete
or correct, however. (thanks to jeffrey friedl for pointing out
some awful behaviors.)
May 26, 1996:
an attempt to rationalize the (unsigned) char issue. almost all
instances of unsigned char have been removed; the handful of places
in b.c where chars are used as table indices have been hand-crafted.
added some latin-1 tests to the regression, but i'm not confident;
none of my compilers seem to care much. thanks to nelson beebe for
pointing out some others that do care.
May 27, 1996:
cleaned up some declarations so gcc -Wall is now almost silent.
makefile now includes backup copies of ytab.c and lexyy.c in case
one makes before looking; it also avoids recreating lexyy.c unless
really needed.
s/aprintf/awkprint, s/asprintf/awksprintf/ to avoid some name clashes
with unwisely-written header files.
thanks to jeffrey friedl for several of these.
May 28, 1996:
fixed appalling but apparently unimportant bug in parsing octal
numbers in reg exprs.
explicit hex in reg exprs now limited to 2 chars: \xa, \xaa.
Jun 28, 1996:
changed field-splitting to conform to posix definition: fields are
split using the value of FS at the time of input; it used to be
the value when the field or NF was first referred to, a much less
predictable definition. thanks to arnold robbins for encouragement
to do the right thing.
Jun 29, 1996:
fixed awful bug in new field splitting; didn't get all the places
where input was done.
Jul 8, 1996:
fixed long-standing bug in sub, gsub(/a/, "\\\\&"); thanks to
ralph corderoy.
Jun 17, 1997:
replaced several fixed-size arrays by dynamically-created ones
in run.c; added overflow tests to some previously unchecked cases.
getline, toupper, tolower.
getline code is still broken in that recursive calls may wind
up using the same space. [fixed later]
increased RECSIZE to 8192 to push problems further over the horizon.
added \r to \n as input line separator for programs, not data.
damn CRLFs.
modified format() to permit explicit printf("%c", 0) to include
a null byte in output. thanks to ken stailey for the fix.
added a "-safe" argument that disables file output (print >,
print >>), process creation (cmd|getline, print |, system), and
access to the environment (ENVIRON). this is a first approximation
to a "safe" version of awk, but don't rely on it too much. thanks
to joan feigenbaum and matt blaze for the inspiration long ago.
Jul 23, 1997:
falling off the end of a function returns "" and 0, not 0.
thanks to arnold robbins.
Jul 30, 1997:
using code provided by dan levy (to whom profuse thanks), replaced
fixed-size arrays and awkward kludges by a fairly uniform mechanism
to grow arrays as needed for printf, sub, gsub, etc.
Aug 4, 1997:
with some trepidation, replaced the ancient code that managed
fields and $0 in fixed-size arrays with arrays that grow on
demand. there is still some tension between trying to make this
run fast and making it clean; not sure it's right yet.
the ill-conceived -mr and -mf arguments are now useful only
for debugging. previous dynamic string code removed.
numerous other minor cleanups along the way.
Aug 9, 1997:
somewhat regretfully, replaced the ancient lex-based lexical
analyzer with one written in C. it's longer, generates less code,
and more portable; the old one depended too much on mysterious
properties of lex that were not preserved in other environments.
in theory these recognize the same language.
now using strtod to test whether a string is a number, instead of
the convoluted original function. should be more portable and
reliable if strtod is implemented right.
removed now-pointless optimization in makefile that tries to avoid
recompilation when awkgram.y is changed but symbols are not.
removed most fixed-size arrays, though a handful remain, some
of which are unchecked. you have been warned.
Aug 21, 1997:
fixed some bugs in sub and gsub when replacement includes \\.
this is a dark, horrible corner, but at least now i believe that
the behavior is the same as gawk and the intended posix standard.
thanks to arnold robbins for advice here.

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/****************************************************************
Copyright (C) Lucent Technologies 1997
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name Lucent Technologies or any of
its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.
LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY
SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF
THIS SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************/
This is the version of awk described in "The AWK Programming Language",
by Al Aho, Brian Kernighan, and Peter Weinberger
(Addison-Wesley, 1988, ISBN 0-201-07981-X).
Changes, mostly bug fixes and occasional enhancements, are listed
in FIXES. If you distribute this code further, please please please
distribute FIXES with it. If you find errors, please report them
to bwk@bell-labs.com. Thanks.
The program itself is created by
make
which should produce a sequence of messages roughly like this:
yacc -d awkgram.y
conflicts: 42 shift/reduce, 83 reduce/reduce
mv y.tab.c ytab.c
mv y.tab.h ytab.h
cc -O -c ytab.c
cc -O -c b.c
cc -O -c main.c
cc -O -c parse.c
cc -O maketab.c -o maketab
./maketab >proctab.c
cc -O -c proctab.c
cc -O -c tran.c
cc -O -c lib.c
cc -O -c run.c
cc -O -c lex.c
cc -O ytab.o b.o main.o parse.o proctab.o tran.o lib.o run.o lex.o -lm
This produces an executable a.out; you will eventually
want to move this to some place like /usr/bin/awk.
If your system is does not have yacc or bison (the GNU
equivalent), you must compile the pieces manually. We have
included yacc output in ytab.c and ytab.h, and backup copies in
case you overwrite them.
NOTE: This version uses ANSI C, as you should also. We have
compiled this without any changes using gcc -Wall and/or local C
compilers on a variety of systems, but new systems or compilers
may raise some new complaint; reports of difficulties are
welcome.
This also compiles with Visual C++ 4.1 on Windows 95 and
presumably Windows NT, *if* you provide versions of popen and
pclose. The file missing95.c contains do-nothing versions that
can be used to get started with. It is too much trouble to
figure out how to make these work for real.
The version of malloc that comes with some systems is sometimes
astonishly slow. If awk seems slow, you might try fixing that.

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.de EX
.nf
.ft CW
..
.de EE
.br
.fi
.ft 1
..
awk
.TH AWK 1
.CT 1 files prog_other
.SH NAME
awk \- pattern-directed scanning and processing language
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B awk
[
.BI \-F
.I fs
]
[
.BI \-v
.I var=value
]
[
.BI \-mr n
]
[
.BI \-mf n
]
[
.I 'prog'
|
.BI \-f
.I progfile
]
[
.I file ...
]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Awk
scans each input
.I file
for lines that match any of a set of patterns specified literally in
.IR prog
or in one or more files
specified as
.B \-f
.IR progfile .
With each pattern
there can be an associated action that will be performed
when a line of a
.I file
matches the pattern.
Each line is matched against the
pattern portion of every pattern-action statement;
the associated action is performed for each matched pattern.
The file name
.B \-
means the standard input.
Any
.IR file
of the form
.I var=value
is treated as an assignment, not a filename,
and is executed at the time it would have been opened if it were a filename.
The option
.B \-v
followed by
.I var=value
is an assignment to be done before
.I prog
is executed;
any number of
.B \-v
options may be present.
The
.B \-F
.IR fs
option defines the input field separator to be the regular expression
.IR fs.
.PP
An input line is normally made up of fields separated by white space,
or by regular expression
.BR FS .
The fields are denoted
.BR $1 ,
.BR $2 ,
\&..., while
.B $0
refers to the entire line.
If
.BR FS
is null, the input line is split into one field per character.
.PP
To compensate for inadequate implementation of storage management,
the
.B \-mr
option can be used to set the maximum size of the input record,
and the
.B \-mf
option to set the maximum number of fields.
.PP
A pattern-action statement has the form
.IP
.IB pattern " { " action " }
.PP
A missing
.BI { " action " }
means print the line;
a missing pattern always matches.
Pattern-action statements are separated by newlines or semicolons.
.PP
An action is a sequence of statements.
A statement can be one of the following:
.PP
.EX
.ta \w'\f(CWdelete array[expression]'u
.RS
.nf
.ft CW
if(\fI expression \fP)\fI statement \fP\fR[ \fPelse\fI statement \fP\fR]\fP
while(\fI expression \fP)\fI statement\fP
for(\fI expression \fP;\fI expression \fP;\fI expression \fP)\fI statement\fP
for(\fI var \fPin\fI array \fP)\fI statement\fP
do\fI statement \fPwhile(\fI expression \fP)
break
continue
{\fR [\fP\fI statement ... \fP\fR] \fP}
\fIexpression\fP #\fR commonly\fP\fI var = expression\fP
print\fR [ \fP\fIexpression-list \fP\fR] \fP\fR[ \fP>\fI expression \fP\fR]\fP
printf\fI format \fP\fR[ \fP,\fI expression-list \fP\fR] \fP\fR[ \fP>\fI expression \fP\fR]\fP
return\fR [ \fP\fIexpression \fP\fR]\fP
next #\fR skip remaining patterns on this input line\fP
nextfile #\fR skip rest of this file, open next, start at top\fP
delete\fI array\fP[\fI expression \fP] #\fR delete an array element\fP
delete\fI array\fP #\fR delete all elements of array\fP
exit\fR [ \fP\fIexpression \fP\fR]\fP #\fR exit immediately; status is \fP\fIexpression\fP
.fi
.RE
.EE
.DT
.PP
Statements are terminated by
semicolons, newlines or right braces.
An empty
.I expression-list
stands for
.BR $0 .
String constants are quoted \&\f(CW"\ "\fR,
with the usual C escapes recognized within.
Expressions take on string or numeric values as appropriate,
and are built using the operators
.B + \- * / % ^
(exponentiation), and concatenation (indicated by white space).
The operators
.B
! ++ \-\- += \-= *= /= %= ^= > >= < <= == != ?:
are also available in expressions.
Variables may be scalars, array elements
(denoted
.IB x [ i ] )
or fields.
Variables are initialized to the null string.
Array subscripts may be any string,
not necessarily numeric;
this allows for a form of associative memory.
Multiple subscripts such as
.B [i,j,k]
are permitted; the constituents are concatenated,
separated by the value of
.BR SUBSEP .
.PP
The
.B print
statement prints its arguments on the standard output
(or on a file if
.BI > file
or
.BI >> file
is present or on a pipe if
.BI | cmd
is present), separated by the current output field separator,
and terminated by the output record separator.
.I file
and
.I cmd
may be literal names or parenthesized expressions;
identical string values in different statements denote
the same open file.
The
.B printf
statement formats its expression list according to the format
(see
.IR printf (3)) .
The built-in function
.BI close( expr )
closes the file or pipe
.IR expr .
The built-in function
.BI fflush( expr )
flushes any buffered output for the file or pipe
.IR expr .
.PP
The mathematical functions
.BR exp ,
.BR log ,
.BR sqrt ,
.BR sin ,
.BR cos ,
and
.BR atan2
are built in.
Other built-in functions:
.TF length
.TP
.B length
the length of its argument
taken as a string,
or of
.B $0
if no argument.
.TP
.B rand
random number on (0,1)
.TP
.B srand
sets seed for
.B rand
and returns the previous seed.
.TP
.B int
truncates to an integer value
.TP
.BI substr( s , " m" , " n\fB)
the
.IR n -character
substring of
.I s
that begins at position
.IR m
counted from 1.
.TP
.BI index( s , " t" )
the position in
.I s
where the string
.I t
occurs, or 0 if it does not.
.TP
.BI match( s , " r" )
the position in
.I s
where the regular expression
.I r
occurs, or 0 if it does not.
The variables
.B RSTART
and
.B RLENGTH
are set to the position and length of the matched string.
.TP
.BI split( s , " a" , " fs\fB)
splits the string
.I s
into array elements
.IB a [1] ,
.IB a [2] ,
\&...,
.IB a [ n ] ,
and returns
.IR n .
The separation is done with the regular expression
.I fs
or with the field separator
.B FS
if
.I fs
is not given.
An empty string as field separator splits the string
into one array element per character.
.TP
.BI sub( r , " t" , " s\fB)
substitutes
.I t
for the first occurrence of the regular expression
.I r
in the string
.IR s .
If
.I s
is not given,
.B $0
is used.
.TP
.B gsub
same as
.B sub
except that all occurrences of the regular expression
are replaced;
.B sub
and
.B gsub
return the number of replacements.
.TP
.BI sprintf( fmt , " expr" , " ...\fB )
the string resulting from formatting
.I expr ...
according to the
.IR printf (3)
format
.I fmt
.TP
.BI system( cmd )
executes
.I cmd
and returns its exit status
.TP
.BI tolower( str )
returns a copy of
.I str
with all upper-case characters translated to their
corresponding lower-case equivalents.
.TP
.BI toupper( str )
returns a copy of
.I str
with all lower-case characters translated to their
corresponding upper-case equivalents.
.PD
.PP
The ``function''
.B getline
sets
.B $0
to the next input record from the current input file;
.B getline
.BI < file
sets
.B $0
to the next record from
.IR file .
.B getline
.I x
sets variable
.I x
instead.
Finally,
.IB cmd " | getline
pipes the output of
.I cmd
into
.BR getline ;
each call of
.B getline
returns the next line of output from
.IR cmd .
In all cases,
.B getline
returns 1 for a successful input,
0 for end of file, and \-1 for an error.
.PP
Patterns are arbitrary Boolean combinations
(with
.BR "! || &&" )
of regular expressions and
relational expressions.
Regular expressions are as in
.IR egrep ;
see
.IR grep (1).
Isolated regular expressions
in a pattern apply to the entire line.
Regular expressions may also occur in
relational expressions, using the operators
.BR ~
and
.BR !~ .
.BI / re /
is a constant regular expression;
any string (constant or variable) may be used
as a regular expression, except in the position of an isolated regular expression
in a pattern.
.PP
A pattern may consist of two patterns separated by a comma;
in this case, the action is performed for all lines
from an occurrence of the first pattern
though an occurrence of the second.
.PP
A relational expression is one of the following:
.IP
.I expression matchop regular-expression
.br
.I expression relop expression
.br
.IB expression " in " array-name
.br
.BI ( expr , expr,... ") in " array-name
.PP
where a relop is any of the six relational operators in C,
and a matchop is either
.B ~
(matches)
or
.B !~
(does not match).
A conditional is an arithmetic expression,
a relational expression,
or a Boolean combination
of these.
.PP
The special patterns
.B BEGIN
and
.B END
may be used to capture control before the first input line is read
and after the last.
.B BEGIN
and
.B END
do not combine with other patterns.
.PP
Variable names with special meanings:
.TF FILENAME
.TP
.B CONVFMT
conversion format used when converting numbers
(default
.BR "%.6g" )
.TP
.B FS
regular expression used to separate fields; also settable
by option
.BI \-F fs.
.TP
.BR NF
number of fields in the current record
.TP
.B NR
ordinal number of the current record
.TP
.B FNR
ordinal number of the current record in the current file
.TP
.B FILENAME
the name of the current input file
.TP
.B RS
input record separator (default newline)
.TP
.B OFS
output field separator (default blank)
.TP
.B ORS
output record separator (default newline)
.TP
.B OFMT
output format for numbers (default
.BR "%.6g" )
.TP
.B SUBSEP
separates multiple subscripts (default 034)
.TP
.B ARGC
argument count, assignable
.TP
.B ARGV
argument array, assignable;
non-null members are taken as filenames
.TP
.B ENVIRON
array of environment variables; subscripts are names.
.PD
.PP
Functions may be defined (at the position of a pattern-action statement) thus:
.IP
.B
function foo(a, b, c) { ...; return x }
.PP
Parameters are passed by value if scalar and by reference if array name;
functions may be called recursively.
Parameters are local to the function; all other variables are global.
Thus local variables may be created by providing excess parameters in
the function definition.
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP
.EX
length($0) > 72
.EE
Print lines longer than 72 characters.
.TP
.EX
{ print $2, $1 }
.EE
Print first two fields in opposite order.
.PP
.EX
BEGIN { FS = ",[ \et]*|[ \et]+" }
{ print $2, $1 }
.EE
.ns
.IP
Same, with input fields separated by comma and/or blanks and tabs.
.PP
.EX
.nf
{ s += $1 }
END { print "sum is", s, " average is", s/NR }
.fi
.EE
.ns
.IP
Add up first column, print sum and average.
.TP
.EX
/start/, /stop/
.EE
Print all lines between start/stop pairs.
.PP
.EX
.nf
BEGIN { # Simulate echo(1)
for (i = 1; i < ARGC; i++) printf "%s ", ARGV[i]
printf "\en"
exit }
.fi
.EE
.SH SEE ALSO
.IR lex (1),
.IR sed (1)
.br
A. V. Aho, B. W. Kernighan, P. J. Weinberger,
.I
The AWK Programming Language,
Addison-Wesley, 1988. ISBN 0-201-07981-X
.SH BUGS
There are no explicit conversions between numbers and strings.
To force an expression to be treated as a number add 0 to it;
to force it to be treated as a string concatenate
\&\f(CW""\fP to it.
.br
The scope rules for variables in functions are a botch;
the syntax is worse.

236
usr.bin/awk/awk.h Normal file
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/****************************************************************
Copyright (C) Lucent Technologies 1997
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name Lucent Technologies or any of
its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.
LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY
SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF
THIS SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************/
typedef double Awkfloat;
/* unsigned char is more trouble than it's worth */
typedef unsigned char uschar;
#define xfree(a) { if ((a) != NULL) { free((char *) a); a = NULL; } }
#define DEBUG
#ifdef DEBUG
/* uses have to be doubly parenthesized */
# define dprintf(x) if (dbg) printf x
#else
# define dprintf(x)
#endif
extern char errbuf[];
#define ERROR sprintf(errbuf,
#define FATAL ), error(1, errbuf)
#define WARNING ), error(0, errbuf)
#define SYNTAX ), yyerror(errbuf)
extern int compile_time; /* 1 if compiling, 0 if running */
extern int safe; /* 0 => unsafe, 1 => safe */
#define RECSIZE (8 * 1024) /* sets limit on records, fields, etc., etc. */
extern int recsize; /* size of current record, orig RECSIZE */
extern char **FS;
extern char **RS;
extern char **ORS;
extern char **OFS;
extern char **OFMT;
extern Awkfloat *NR;
extern Awkfloat *FNR;
extern Awkfloat *NF;
extern char **FILENAME;
extern char **SUBSEP;
extern Awkfloat *RSTART;
extern Awkfloat *RLENGTH;
extern char *record; /* points to $0 */
extern int lineno; /* line number in awk program */
extern int errorflag; /* 1 if error has occurred */
extern int donefld; /* 1 if record broken into fields */
extern int donerec; /* 1 if record is valid (no fld has changed */
extern char inputFS[]; /* FS at time of input, for field splitting */
extern int dbg;
extern char *patbeg; /* beginning of pattern matched */
extern int patlen; /* length of pattern matched. set in b.c */
/* Cell: all information about a variable or constant */
typedef struct Cell {
uschar ctype; /* OCELL, OBOOL, OJUMP, etc. */
uschar csub; /* CCON, CTEMP, CFLD, etc. */
char *nval; /* name, for variables only */
char *sval; /* string value */
Awkfloat fval; /* value as number */
unsigned tval; /* type info: STR|NUM|ARR|FCN|FLD|CON|DONTFREE */
struct Cell *cnext; /* ptr to next if chained */
} Cell;
typedef struct Array { /* symbol table array */
int nelem; /* elements in table right now */
int size; /* size of tab */
Cell **tab; /* hash table pointers */
} Array;
#define NSYMTAB 50 /* initial size of a symbol table */
extern Array *symtab;
extern Cell *nrloc; /* NR */
extern Cell *fnrloc; /* FNR */
extern Cell *nfloc; /* NF */
extern Cell *rstartloc; /* RSTART */
extern Cell *rlengthloc; /* RLENGTH */
/* Cell.tval values: */
#define NUM 01 /* number value is valid */
#define STR 02 /* string value is valid */
#define DONTFREE 04 /* string space is not freeable */
#define CON 010 /* this is a constant */
#define ARR 020 /* this is an array */
#define FCN 040 /* this is a function name */
#define FLD 0100 /* this is a field $1, $2, ... */
#define REC 0200 /* this is $0 */
/* function types */
#define FLENGTH 1
#define FSQRT 2
#define FEXP 3
#define FLOG 4
#define FINT 5
#define FSYSTEM 6
#define FRAND 7
#define FSRAND 8
#define FSIN 9
#define FCOS 10
#define FATAN 11
#define FTOUPPER 12
#define FTOLOWER 13
#define FFLUSH 14
/* Node: parse tree is made of nodes, with Cell's at bottom */
typedef struct Node {
int ntype;
struct Node *nnext;
int lineno;
int nobj;
struct Node *narg[1]; /* variable: actual size set by calling malloc */
} Node;
#define NIL ((Node *) 0)
extern Node *winner;
extern Node *nullstat;
extern Node *nullnode;
/* ctypes */
#define OCELL 1
#define OBOOL 2
#define OJUMP 3
/* Cell subtypes: csub */
#define CFREE 7
#define CCOPY 6
#define CCON 5
#define CTEMP 4
#define CNAME 3
#define CVAR 2
#define CFLD 1
#define CUNK 0
/* bool subtypes */
#define BTRUE 11
#define BFALSE 12
/* jump subtypes */
#define JEXIT 21
#define JNEXT 22
#define JBREAK 23
#define JCONT 24
#define JRET 25
#define JNEXTFILE 26
/* node types */
#define NVALUE 1
#define NSTAT 2
#define NEXPR 3
extern int pairstack[], paircnt;
#define notlegal(n) (n <= FIRSTTOKEN || n >= LASTTOKEN || proctab[n-FIRSTTOKEN] == nullproc)
#define isvalue(n) ((n)->ntype == NVALUE)
#define isexpr(n) ((n)->ntype == NEXPR)
#define isjump(n) ((n)->ctype == OJUMP)
#define isexit(n) ((n)->csub == JEXIT)
#define isbreak(n) ((n)->csub == JBREAK)
#define iscont(n) ((n)->csub == JCONT)
#define isnext(n) ((n)->csub == JNEXT)
#define isnextfile(n) ((n)->csub == JNEXTFILE)
#define isret(n) ((n)->csub == JRET)
#define isrec(n) ((n)->tval & REC)
#define isfld(n) ((n)->tval & FLD)
#define isstr(n) ((n)->tval & STR)
#define isnum(n) ((n)->tval & NUM)
#define isarr(n) ((n)->tval & ARR)
#define isfcn(n) ((n)->tval & FCN)
#define istrue(n) ((n)->csub == BTRUE)
#define istemp(n) ((n)->csub == CTEMP)
#define isargument(n) ((n)->nobj == ARG)
/* #define freeable(p) (!((p)->tval & DONTFREE)) */
#define freeable(p) ( ((p)->tval & (STR|DONTFREE)) == STR )
/* structures used by regular expression matching machinery, mostly b.c: */
#define NCHARS (256+1) /* 256 handles 8-bit chars; 128 does 7-bit */
/* watch out in match(), etc. */
#define NSTATES 32
typedef struct rrow {
int ltype;
union {
int i;
Node *np;
char *up;
} lval; /* because Al stores a pointer in it! */
int *lfollow;
} rrow;
typedef struct fa {
char *restr;
int anchor;
int use;
uschar gototab[NSTATES][NCHARS];
int *posns[NSTATES];
uschar out[NSTATES];
int initstat;
int curstat;
int accept;
int reset;
struct rrow re[1];
} fa;
#include "proto.h"

485
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/****************************************************************
Copyright (C) Lucent Technologies 1997
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
copies and that both that the copyright notice and this
permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name Lucent Technologies or any of
its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining
to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.
LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.
IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY
SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF
THIS SOFTWARE.
****************************************************************/
%{
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "awk.h"
void checkdup(Node *list, Cell *item);
int yywrap(void) { return(1); }
Node *beginloc = 0;
Node *endloc = 0;
int infunc = 0; /* = 1 if in arglist or body of func */
int inloop = 0; /* = 1 if in while, for, do */
char *curfname = 0; /* current function name */
Node *arglist = 0; /* list of args for current function */
%}
%union {
Node *p;
Cell *cp;
int i;
char *s;
}
%token <i> FIRSTTOKEN /* must be first */
%token <p> PROGRAM PASTAT PASTAT2 XBEGIN XEND
%token <i> NL ',' '{' '(' '|' ';' '/' ')' '}' '[' ']'
%token <i> ARRAY
%token <i> MATCH NOTMATCH MATCHOP
%token <i> FINAL DOT ALL CCL NCCL CHAR OR STAR QUEST PLUS
%token <i> AND BOR APPEND EQ GE GT LE LT NE IN
%token <i> ARG BLTIN BREAK CLOSE CONTINUE DELETE DO EXIT FOR FUNC
%token <i> SUB GSUB IF INDEX LSUBSTR MATCHFCN NEXT NEXTFILE
%token <i> ADD MINUS MULT DIVIDE MOD
%token <i> ASSIGN ASGNOP ADDEQ SUBEQ MULTEQ DIVEQ MODEQ POWEQ
%token <i> PRINT PRINTF SPRINTF
%token <p> ELSE INTEST CONDEXPR
%token <i> POSTINCR PREINCR POSTDECR PREDECR
%token <cp> VAR IVAR VARNF CALL NUMBER STRING
%token <s> REGEXPR
%type <p> pas pattern ppattern plist pplist patlist prarg term re
%type <p> pa_pat pa_stat pa_stats
%type <s> reg_expr
%type <p> simple_stmt opt_simple_stmt stmt stmtlist
%type <p> var varname funcname varlist
%type <p> for if else while
%type <i> do st
%type <i> pst opt_pst lbrace rbrace rparen comma nl opt_nl and bor
%type <i> subop print
%right ASGNOP
%right '?'
%right ':'
%left BOR
%left AND
%left GETLINE
%nonassoc APPEND EQ GE GT LE LT NE MATCHOP IN '|'
%left ARG BLTIN BREAK CALL CLOSE CONTINUE DELETE DO EXIT FOR FUNC
%left GSUB IF INDEX LSUBSTR MATCHFCN NEXT NUMBER
%left PRINT PRINTF RETURN SPLIT SPRINTF STRING SUB SUBSTR
%left REGEXPR VAR VARNF IVAR WHILE '('
%left CAT
%left '+' '-'
%left '*' '/' '%'
%left NOT UMINUS
%right POWER
%right DECR INCR
%left INDIRECT
%token LASTTOKEN /* must be last */
%%
program:
pas { if (errorflag==0)
winner = (Node *)stat3(PROGRAM, beginloc, $1, endloc); }
| error { yyclearin; bracecheck(); ERROR "bailing out" SYNTAX; }
;
and:
AND | and NL
;
bor:
BOR | bor NL
;
comma:
',' | comma NL
;
do:
DO | do NL
;
else:
ELSE | else NL
;
for:
FOR '(' opt_simple_stmt ';' opt_nl pattern ';' opt_nl opt_simple_stmt rparen {inloop++;} stmt
{ --inloop; $$ = stat4(FOR, $3, notnull($6), $9, $12); }
| FOR '(' opt_simple_stmt ';' ';' opt_nl opt_simple_stmt rparen {inloop++;} stmt
{ --inloop; $$ = stat4(FOR, $3, NIL, $7, $10); }
| FOR '(' varname IN varname rparen {inloop++;} stmt
{ --inloop; $$ = stat3(IN, $3, makearr($5), $8); }
;
funcname:
VAR { setfname($1); }
| CALL { setfname($1); }
;
if:
IF '(' pattern rparen { $$ = notnull($3); }
;
lbrace:
'{' | lbrace NL
;
nl:
NL | nl NL
;
opt_nl:
/* empty */ { $$ = 0; }
| nl
;
opt_pst:
/* empty */ { $$ = 0; }
| pst
;
opt_simple_stmt:
/* empty */ { $$ = 0; }
| simple_stmt
;
pas:
opt_pst { $$ = 0; }
| opt_pst pa_stats opt_pst { $$ = $2; }
;
pa_pat:
pattern { $$ = notnull($1); }
;
pa_stat:
pa_pat { $$ = stat2(PASTAT, $1, stat2(PRINT, rectonode(), NIL)); }
| pa_pat lbrace stmtlist '}' { $$ = stat2(PASTAT, $1, $3); }
| pa_pat ',' pa_pat { $$ = pa2stat($1, $3, stat2(PRINT, rectonode(), NIL)); }
| pa_pat ',' pa_pat lbrace stmtlist '}' { $$ = pa2stat($1, $3, $5); }
| lbrace stmtlist '}' { $$ = stat2(PASTAT, NIL, $2); }
| XBEGIN lbrace stmtlist '}'
{ beginloc = linkum(beginloc, $3); $$ = 0; }
| XEND lbrace stmtlist '}'
{ endloc = linkum(endloc, $3); $$ = 0; }
| FUNC funcname '(' varlist rparen {infunc++;} lbrace stmtlist '}'
{ infunc--; curfname=0; defn((Cell *)$2, $4, $8); $$ = 0; }
;
pa_stats:
pa_stat
| pa_stats opt_pst pa_stat { $$ = linkum($1, $3); }
;
patlist:
pattern
| patlist comma pattern { $$ = linkum($1, $3); }
;
ppattern:
var ASGNOP ppattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| ppattern '?' ppattern ':' ppattern %prec '?'
{ $$ = op3(CONDEXPR, notnull($1), $3, $5); }
| ppattern bor ppattern %prec BOR
{ $$ = op2(BOR, notnull($1), notnull($3)); }
| ppattern and ppattern %prec AND
{ $$ = op2(AND, notnull($1), notnull($3)); }
| ppattern MATCHOP reg_expr { $$ = op3($2, NIL, $1, (Node*)makedfa($3, 0)); }
| ppattern MATCHOP ppattern
{ if (constnode($3))
$$ = op3($2, NIL, $1, (Node*)makedfa(strnode($3), 0));
else
$$ = op3($2, (Node *)1, $1, $3); }
| ppattern IN varname { $$ = op2(INTEST, $1, makearr($3)); }
| '(' plist ')' IN varname { $$ = op2(INTEST, $2, makearr($5)); }
| ppattern term %prec CAT { $$ = op2(CAT, $1, $2); }
| re
| term
;
pattern:
var ASGNOP pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern '?' pattern ':' pattern %prec '?'
{ $$ = op3(CONDEXPR, notnull($1), $3, $5); }
| pattern bor pattern %prec BOR
{ $$ = op2(BOR, notnull($1), notnull($3)); }
| pattern and pattern %prec AND
{ $$ = op2(AND, notnull($1), notnull($3)); }
| pattern EQ pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern GE pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern GT pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern LE pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern LT pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern NE pattern { $$ = op2($2, $1, $3); }
| pattern MATCHOP reg_expr { $$ = op3($2, NIL, $1, (Node*)makedfa($3, 0)); }
| pattern MATCHOP pattern
{ if (constnode($3))
$$ = op3($2, NIL, $1, (Node*)makedfa(strnode($3), 0));
else
$$ = op3($2, (Node *)1, $1, $3); }
| pattern IN varname { $$ = op2(INTEST, $1, makearr($3)); }
| '(' plist ')' IN varname { $$ = op2(INTEST, $2, makearr($5)); }
| pattern '|' GETLINE var {
if (safe) ERROR "cmd | getline is unsafe" SYNTAX;
else $$ = op3(GETLINE, $4, (Node*)$2, $1); }
| pattern '|' GETLINE {
if (safe) ERROR "cmd | getline is unsafe" SYNTAX;
else $$ = op3(GETLINE, (Node*)0, (Node*)$2, $1); }
| pattern term %prec CAT { $$ = op2(CAT, $1, $2); }
| re
| term
;
plist:
pattern comma pattern { $$ = linkum($1, $3); }
| plist comma pattern { $$ = linkum($1, $3); }
;
pplist:
ppattern
| pplist comma ppattern { $$ = linkum($1, $3); }
;
prarg:
/* empty */ { $$ = rectonode(); }
| pplist
| '(' plist ')' { $$ = $2; }
;
print:
PRINT | PRINTF
;
pst:
NL | ';' | pst NL | pst ';'
;
rbrace:
'}' | rbrace NL
;
re:
reg_expr
{ $$ = op3(MATCH, NIL, rectonode(), (Node*)makedfa($1, 0)); }
| NOT re { $$ = op1(NOT, notnull($2)); }
;
reg_expr:
'/' {startreg();} REGEXPR '/' { $$ = $3; }
;
rparen:
')' | rparen NL
;
simple_stmt:
print prarg '|' term {
if (safe) ERROR "print | is unsafe" SYNTAX;
else $$ = stat3($1, $2, (Node *) $3, $4); }
| print prarg APPEND term {
if (safe) ERROR "print >> is unsafe" SYNTAX;
else $$ = stat3($1, $2, (Node *) $3, $4); }
| print prarg GT term {
if (safe) ERROR "print > is unsafe" SYNTAX;
else $$ = stat3($1, $2, (Node *) $3, $4); }
| print prarg { $$ = stat3($1, $2, NIL, NIL); }
| DELETE varname '[' patlist ']' { $$ = stat2(DELETE, makearr($2), $4); }
| DELETE varname { $$ = stat2(DELETE, makearr($2), 0); }
| pattern { $$ = exptostat($1); }
| error { yyclearin; ERROR "illegal statement" SYNTAX; }
;
st:
nl
| ';' opt_nl
;
stmt:
BREAK st { if (!inloop) ERROR "break illegal outside of loops" SYNTAX;
$$ = stat1(BREAK, NIL); }
| CLOSE pattern st { $$ = stat1(CLOSE, $2); }
| CONTINUE st { if (!inloop) ERROR "continue illegal outside of loops" SYNTAX;
$$ = stat1(CONTINUE, NIL); }
| do {inloop++;} stmt {--inloop;} WHILE '(' pattern ')' st
{ $$ = stat2(DO, $3, notnull($7)); }
| EXIT pattern st { $$ = stat1(EXIT, $2); }
| EXIT st { $$ = stat1(EXIT, NIL); }
| for
| if stmt else stmt { $$ = stat3(IF, $1, $2, $4); }
| if stmt { $$ = stat3(IF, $1, $2, NIL); }
| lbrace stmtlist rbrace { $$ = $2; }
| NEXT st { if (infunc)
ERROR "next is illegal inside a function" SYNTAX;
$$ = stat1(NEXT, NIL); }
| NEXTFILE st { if (infunc)
ERROR "nextfile is illegal inside a function" SYNTAX;
$$ = stat1(NEXTFILE, NIL); }
| RETURN pattern st { $$ = stat1(RETURN, $2); }
| RETURN st { $$ = stat1(RETURN, NIL); }
| simple_stmt st
| while {inloop++;} stmt { --inloop; $$ = stat2(WHILE, $1, $3); }
| ';' opt_nl { $$ = 0; }
;
stmtlist:
stmt
| stmtlist stmt { $$ = linkum($1, $2); }
;
subop:
SUB | GSUB
;
term:
term '+' term { $$ = op2(ADD, $1, $3); }
| term '-' term { $$ = op2(MINUS, $1, $3); }
| term '*' term { $$ = op2(MULT, $1, $3); }
| term '/' term { $$ = op2(DIVIDE, $1, $3); }
| term '%' term { $$ = op2(MOD, $1, $3); }
| term POWER term { $$ = op2(POWER, $1, $3); }
| '-' term %prec UMINUS { $$ = op1(UMINUS, $2); }
| '+' term %prec UMINUS { $$ = $2; }
| NOT term %prec UMINUS { $$ = op1(NOT, notnull($2)); }
| BLTIN '(' ')' { $$ = op2(BLTIN, (Node *) $1, rectonode()); }
| BLTIN '(' patlist ')' { $$ = op2(BLTIN, (Node *) $1, $3); }
| BLTIN { $$ = op2(BLTIN, (Node *) $1, rectonode()); }
| CALL '(' ')' { $$ = op2(CALL, celltonode($1,CVAR), NIL); }
| CALL '(' patlist ')' { $$ = op2(CALL, celltonode($1,CVAR), $3); }
| DECR var { $$ = op1(PREDECR, $2); }
| INCR var { $$ = op1(PREINCR, $2); }
| var DECR { $$ = op1(POSTDECR, $1); }
| var INCR { $$ = op1(POSTINCR, $1); }
| GETLINE var LT term { $$ = op3(GETLINE, $2, (Node *)$3, $4); }
| GETLINE LT term { $$ = op3(GETLINE, NIL, (Node *)$2, $3); }
| GETLINE var { $$ = op3(GETLINE, $2, NIL, NIL); }
| GETLINE { $$ = op3(GETLINE, NIL, NIL, NIL); }
| INDEX '(' pattern comma pattern ')'
{ $$ = op2(INDEX, $3, $5); }
| INDEX '(' pattern comma reg_expr ')'
{ ERROR "index() doesn't permit regular expressions" SYNTAX;
$$ = op2(INDEX, $3, (Node*)$5); }
| '(' pattern ')' { $$ = $2; }
| MATCHFCN '(' pattern comma reg_expr ')'
{ $$ = op3(MATCHFCN, NIL, $3, (Node*)makedfa($5, 1)); }
| MATCHFCN '(' pattern comma pattern ')'
{ if (constnode($5))
$$ = op3(MATCHFCN, NIL, $3, (Node*)makedfa(strnode($5), 1));
else
$$ = op3(MATCHFCN, (Node *)1, $3, $5); }
| NUMBER { $$ = celltonode($1, CCON); }
| SPLIT '(' pattern comma varname comma pattern ')' /* string */
{ $$ = op4(SPLIT, $3, makearr($5), $7, (Node*)STRING); }
| SPLIT '(' pattern comma varname comma reg_expr ')' /* const /regexp/ */
{ $$ = op4(SPLIT, $3, makearr($5), (Node*)makedfa($7, 1), (Node *)REGEXPR); }
| SPLIT '(' pattern comma varname ')'