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.\"     @(#)fnmatch.3	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95
.\" $Id: fnmatch.3,v 1.2 1999/11/22 07:42:06 stever Exp $
.\"
.TH FNMATCH 3 "22 February 1996" GNO "Library Routines"
.SH NAME
.BR fnmatch
\- match filename or pathname
.SH SYNOPSIS
#include <fnmatch.h>
.sp 1
int
\fBfnmatch\fR (const char *\fIpattern\fR, const char *\fIstring\fR,
int \fIflags\fR);
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.BR fnmatch 
function
matches patterns according to the rules used by the shell.
It checks the string specified by the
.I string
argument to see if it matches the pattern specified by the
.I pattern
argument.
.LP
The
.I flags
argument modifies the interpretation of
.I pattern
and
.IR string .
The value of
.I flags
is the bitwise inclusive
.BR OR
of any of the following
constants, which are defined in the include file <fnmatch.h>.
.RS
.IP FNM_NOESCAPE
Normally, every occurrence of a backslash
.BR \e
followed by a character in
.I pattern
is replaced by that character.
This is done to negate any special meaning for the character.
If the
.BR FNM_NOESCAPE
flag is set, a backslash character is treated as an ordinary character.
.IP FNM_PATHNAME
Slash characters in
.I string
must be explicitly matched by slashes in
.IR pattern .
If this flag is not set, then slashes are treated as regular characters.
.IP FNM_PERIOD
Leading periods in
.I string
must be explicitly matched by periods in
.IR pattern .
If this flag is not set, then leading periods are treated as regular
characters.
The definition of ``leading'' is related to the specification of
.BR FNM_PATHNAME.
A period is always ``leading'' if it is the first character in
.BR string .
Additionally, if
.BR FNM_PATHNAME
is set,
a period is ``leading'' if it immediately follows a slash.
.IP FNM_CASEFOLD
If this flag is set, then the filename matching will be case insensitive.
This is an extension for GNO.
.IP FNM_LEADING_DIR
Ignore any trailing sequence
.B /*
after successfully matching
.IR pattern .
This is a GNU extension.
.RE
.LP
In the GNO implementation, if the
.B FNM_PATHNAME
flag is set, any colon
.RB ( : )
characters appearing in
.IR pattern
or
.IR string
will be mapped to slash
.RB ( / )
characters before any match is attempted, unless either
.IR pattern
or 
.IR string
contain both colons and slashes.
.SH RETURN VALUES
The
.BR fnmatch 
function returns zero if
.I string
matches the pattern specified by
.IR pattern ,
otherwise, it returns the value
.BR FNM_NOMATCH .
.SH BUGS
The pattern
.BR *
matches the empty string, even if
.BR FNM_PATHNAME
is specified.
.LP
This implementation of 
.BR fnmatch
uses recursion.  While this is not strictly a bug, it is a serious
limitation on the IIgs where stack space is at a premium.
.SH STANDARDS
Other than the mapping of 
.BR :
characters to 
.BR /
characters, the
.BR fnmatch 
function conforms to POSIX 1003.2.
The
.BR FNM_CASEFOLD
and
.B FNM_LEADING_DIR
flags are extensions to the standard.
.SH HISTORY
The
.BR fnmatch 
function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR sh (1),
.BR glob (3),
.BR regex (3)