gno/usr.orca.bin/udl

=============================================================================
udl -	Convert EOL formats freely between MS-DOS (CR/LF), UNIX/Amiga (LF),
     	and Apple (CR).

	(c) 1993-1997 Soenke Behrens, Devin Reade

	Version 1.1.6: $Id: README,v 1.13 1999/07/03 14:45:43 gdr-ftp Exp $
=============================================================================

Udl converts text files between the various end-of-line conventions, i.e.
CR, LF, and CR/LF, used by the Apple IIgs, MS-DOS, Amiga, and UNIX.
After conversion, the original file is replaced with the converted file.
Udl is known to run with ORCA/Shell 2.x, GNO/ME 2.x, and UNIX.

Not only is udl faster and simpler than tr(1), but it saves a step in
the conversion process by automatically replacing the original file
after the conversion completes.  Thus:
	udl file
replaces the longer sequence of
	tr '\012' '\015' < file > file.temp
	mv file.temp file
Because it replaces the original file, udl makes every effort to ensure
that the conversion process cannot corrupt the original.  The translation
process uses a temporary file and replaces the original only after the
translation has completed.  In case of a machine crash or power-down, the
original file remains intact, unless the machine dies at precisely the
instant the update occurs.  This problem exists for a manual file
replacement, as in:
	mv file.temp file
so the risk is no greater.

=========
Compiling:
=========

Four makefiles are included:
	Makefile	For use on the Apple IIgs running GNO (GNO Base Build)
	Makefile.gs	For use on the Apple IIgs running GNO (Stand-alone)
	Makefile.unx	For use with UNIX systems
	Makefile.msd	For use with MS-DOS systems (djgpp)

Although udl on the IIgs can be run from either GNO or ORCA shells,
it cannot be built with the standard ORCA installation due to a lack
of additional libraries.

The IIgs distribution should contain a binary of udl, including a 
resource fork.  Therefore, you should be able to skip straight to the
section on installation.  For those who must know, however, building the
binaries under GNO should just be a matter of typing 'dmake -f Makefile.gs'.
(You cannot use the "Makefile" -- without the suffix -- unless you are
building udl as part of the entire base GNO distribution.)

If you are compiling on UNIX operating systems that have been previously
tested, you should be able to just type 'make -f Makefile.unx'.  This
will select the appropriate DEFINES for your system.  For an explanation
the various DEFINES, see the section below on "DEFINES Definitions".

Note that compilation of udl _requires_ an ANSI C compiler.

If you are compiling to a new system, add in another set of defines
and let us know about them.

Note that udlunix.c and udlgs.c assume that getopt() is declared in
<unistd.h> and that the function strdup() exists in <string.h>. You
might have to change these includes if that's not the case.  Ensure you
use cpp conditional compilations to match your platform (and to avoid
breaking the code for other platforms).

============
Installation
============

Apple IIgs with GNO v2.0.6 (Source Distribution)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Type 'dmake install' to install to a live system.
Type 'dmake release' when building a binary release.

Apple IIgs with GNO v2.0.4
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Type 'dmake install -f Makefile.gs'.  By default this copies the binary
into "/usr/local/bin" and the man page into "/usr/local/man/man1".  (You
_are_ using version 3.x of 'man', are you not?  *blatant plug*)  If you
don't like these locations, either modify the BINDIR and MANDIR
macros in the makefile or install the files by hand.

If you have describe(1) installed, you can update the udl(1) entry
with the file "udl.desc".  See the descu(8) and descc(8) man pages
for details.

Apple IIgs with ORCA/Shell
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Copy the following files to their respective destinations:

	udl		to		17
	help/udl	to		17/help

UNIX systems
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Type 'make -f Makefile.unx install'.  By default the binary will
go into /usr/local/bin and the man page into /usr/local/man/man1.
This assumes root access.  If this does not match your plans and/or
access permissions, either copy the files by hand or change the
BINDIR, MANDIR, and OWNER_GROUP macros in the makefile.

===================
DEFINES Definitions
===================

If you have problems compiling or are porting udl to a new operating
system, define the following macros in the makefile as necessary.
They should be used as the value of $(DEFINES_$(OS)) where $(OS) is
your operating system as returned by `uname -sr | tr ' ' '_'`.

	HAS_ATEXIT if your system has atexit()

	_POSIX_C_SOURCE and _POSIX_SOURCE if your compiler, libraries,
	and headers are POSIX-1.1988 compliant

	READDIR_RETURNS_DOT if your direct readdir() function will return
	entries for "." and "..".  SunOS 4.x and 5.x (Solaris) are known to 
	do this.

	BROKEN_REALLOC if your realloc() doesn't behave like malloc() when
	passed a NULL pointer as the first argument.

	BROKEN_DIRENT_STRUCT if you find that the first two letters of 
	filenames obtained during directory recursion (as shown when the
	"-v" flag is used) seem to be missing.  Some installations of
	Solaris are known to do this.

	GNO if you are compiling on the IIgs.  This will allow for both
	':' and '/' as pathname separators.

	OVERFLOW_CHECK  Udl uses one recursive subroutine.  Define this if
	you want to check for stack overflows for this routine (independent
	of any compiler flags).  Strongly recommended.

	CHECK_STACK if you want stack usage to be displayed (IIgs only).
	You will also have to specify -l/usr/lib/stack in LDFLAGS.

The following are the DEFINES values for tested operating systems:

	APPLE IIGS:  (use "dmake -f Makefile.gs")
	^^^^^^^^^^

	ORCA/Shell and GNO/ME v2.0.6: (tested with occ)
		-DHAS_ATEXIT -DOVERFLOW_CHECK
	The v2.0.6 libraries are POSIX compliant, but some functions
	don't get prototyped if _POSIX_C_SOURCE and _POSIX_SOURCE are
	defined.  This probably indicates that udl is not "strictly
	conforming".

        MS-DOS: (use "make -f Makefile.msd")
        ^^^^^^

        DJGPP: (tested with djgpp v2beta)
                -DREADDIR_RETURNS_DOT -DHAS_ATEXIT

	TESTED UNIX OS's: (use "make -f Makefile.unx")
	^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
	SunOS 4.x: (tested with gcc)
		-DREADDIR_RETURNS_DOT -DBROKEN_REALLOC
		-D_POSIX_C_SOURCE -D_POSIX_SOURCE

	SunOS 5.x (Solaris): (tested with SUNWspro cc)
		-DREADDIR_RETURNS_DOT -DBROKEN_DIRENT_STRUCT
		-D_POSIX_C_SOURCE -D_POSIX_SOURCE

	AIX 3.2: (tested with xlc)
		-DBROKEN_REALLOC -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE -D_POSIX_SOURCE

	Linux 1.2.3: (tested with gcc)
		-DREADDIR_RETURNS_DOT -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE -D_POSIX_SOURCE
		-DHAS_ATEXIT

=====
Files
=====
 
The following files are present in the udl package:
 	README			This file
 	HISTORY			Revision history
	Makefile		dmake(1) script for GNO (base build)
 	Makefile.gs		dmake(1) script for GNO
 	Makefile.unx		make(1) script for UNIX
	Makefile.msd		make(1) script for MS-DOS
 	common.c		Routines common to GNO and UNIX versions
 	common.h		Header file for common.c
 	globals.c		Global variable definitions
 	udl.1			Man page for udl command
 	udl.desc		short description of udl, FTP info
 	udlgs.c			Apple IIgs specific routines
 	udl.rez			Apple IIgs REZ source for resource fork
 	udlunix.c		UNIX specific routines
 	udluse.c		Strings for invocation information

=====
Notes
=====

If the machine crashes before udl has replaced the original file with
the converted file, the temporary file needs to be manually deleted.
The temporary file resides in the same directory as the source file
and has a name of the form:
	UDLTMPXX
where XX is replaced by AA, AB and so on.

=========
Copyright
=========

COPYRIGHT 1993-1996 by Soenke Behrens and Devin Reade
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

This package may be redistributed so long as no fee is charged, the
authors' names remain, and all modifications are clearly marked as
such and the unmodified source is included.

This program contains material from the ORCA/C Run-Time Libraries,
Copyright 1987-1995 by Byte Works, Inc.  Used with permission.

The GS executable of udl contains code CopyLeft by the FSF (Free Software
Foundation). Source and binaries to GNU getopt are available on request.

=======
Authors
=======

Original code by Soenke Behrens <sbehrens@bigfoot.com>
with modifications and version-merging by Devin Reade <gdr@gno.org>.

Soenke Behrens
sbehrens@bigfoot.com

Devin Reade
gdr@gno.org

December 1997
Version 1.1.6