diff --git a/common.c b/common.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c93440e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * common routines.
+ */
+#pragma noroot
+#pragma optimize 79
+
+#include <Memory.h>
+#include <MiscTool.h>
+#include <tcpip.h>
+
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "connection.h"
+
+int read_binary(Word ipid, FILE *file)
+{
+  Word rv = 0;
+
+  TCPIPPoll();
+
+  for(;;)
+  { 
+    static char buffer[512];
+    rrBuff rb;
+    Word count;
+
+    rv = TCPIPReadTCP(ipid, 0, (Ref)buffer, 512, &rb);
+
+    count = rb.rrBuffCount;
+    if (!count)
+    {
+        if (rv) break;
+        TCPIPPoll();
+        continue;
+    }
+
+    fwrite(buffer, 1, count, file);
+  }
+ 
+  return rv;
+}
+
+
+
+int ConnectLoop(char *host, Word port, Connection *connection)
+{
+    LongWord qtick;
+
+    ConnectionInit(connection, MMStartUp());
+    ConnectionOpenC(connection, host,  port);
+
+  // 30 second timeout.
+  qtick = GetTick() + 30 * 60;
+  while (!ConnectionPoll(connection))
+  {
+    if (GetTick() >= qtick)
+    {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Connection timed out.\n");
+
+      TCPIPAbortTCP(connection->ipid);
+      TCPIPLogout(connection->ipid);      
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (connection->state != kConnectionStateConnected)
+  {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open host: %s:%u\n", 
+      host, 
+      port);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+
+int CloseLoop(Connection *connection)
+{
+    ConnectionClose(connection);
+
+    while (!ConnectionPoll(connection)) ; // wait for it to close.
+      
+    return 1;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/prototypes.h b/prototypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc0e452
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prototypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef __prototypes_h__
+#define __prototypes_h__
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int read_binary(unsigned ipid, FILE *file);
+
+int setfiletype(const char *filename);
+
+
+#ifdef __CONNECTION_H__
+int ConnectLoop(char *host, Word port, Connection *connection);
+int CloseLoop(Connection *connection);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __url_h__
+int do_gopher(const char *url, URLComponents *components, FILE *file);
+int do_http_0_9(const char *url, URLComponents *components, FILE *file);
+int do_http_1_0(const char *url, URLComponents *components, FILE *file);
+int do_http_1_1(const char *url, URLComponents *components, FILE *file);
+#endif
+
+#endif