hush/mailutils/sendmail.c

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2008-11-06 23:42:42 +00:00
/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
/*
* bare bones sendmail
*
* Copyright (C) 2008 by Vladimir Dronnikov <dronnikov@gmail.com>
*
* Licensed under GPLv2, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
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*/
//kbuild:lib-$(CONFIG_SENDMAIL) += sendmail.o mail.o
//usage:#define sendmail_trivial_usage
//usage: "[OPTIONS] [RECIPIENT_EMAIL]..."
//usage:#define sendmail_full_usage "\n\n"
//usage: "Read email from stdin and send it\n"
//usage: "\nStandard options:"
//usage: "\n -t Read additional recipients from message body"
//usage: "\n -f SENDER For use in MAIL FROM:<sender>. Can be empty string"
//usage: "\n Default: -auUSER, or username of current UID"
//usage: "\n -o OPTIONS Various options. -oi implied, others are ignored"
//usage: "\n -i -oi synonym. implied and ignored"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "\nBusybox specific options:"
//usage: "\n -v Verbose"
//usage: "\n -w SECS Network timeout"
//usage: "\n -H 'PROG ARGS' Run connection helper"
//usage: "\n Examples:"
//usage: "\n -H 'exec openssl s_client -quiet -tls1 -starttls smtp"
//usage: "\n -connect smtp.gmail.com:25' <email.txt"
//usage: "\n [4<username_and_passwd.txt | -auUSER -apPASS]"
//usage: "\n -H 'exec openssl s_client -quiet -tls1"
//usage: "\n -connect smtp.gmail.com:465' <email.txt"
//usage: "\n [4<username_and_passwd.txt | -auUSER -apPASS]"
//usage: "\n -S HOST[:PORT] Server"
//usage: "\n -auUSER Username for AUTH LOGIN"
//usage: "\n -apPASS Password for AUTH LOGIN"
////usage: "\n -amMETHOD Authentication method. Ignored. LOGIN is implied"
//usage: "\n"
//usage: "\nOther options are silently ignored; -oi -t is implied"
//usage: IF_MAKEMIME(
//usage: "\nUse makemime to create emails with attachments"
//usage: )
/* Currently we don't sanitize or escape user-supplied SENDER and RECIPIENT_EMAILs.
* We may need to do so. For one, '.' in usernames seems to require escaping!
*
* From http://cr.yp.to/smtp/address.html:
*
* SMTP offers three ways to encode a character inside an address:
*
* "safe": the character, if it is not <>()[].,;:@, backslash,
* double-quote, space, or an ASCII control character;
* "quoted": the character, if it is not \012, \015, backslash,
* or double-quote; or
* "slashed": backslash followed by the character.
*
* An encoded box part is either (1) a sequence of one or more slashed
* or safe characters or (2) a double quote, a sequence of zero or more
* slashed or quoted characters, and a double quote. It represents
* the concatenation of the characters encoded inside it.
*
* For example, the encoded box parts
* angels
* \a\n\g\e\l\s
* "\a\n\g\e\l\s"
* "angels"
* "ang\els"
* all represent the 6-byte string "angels", and the encoded box parts
* a\,comma
* \a\,\c\o\m\m\a
* "a,comma"
* all represent the 7-byte string "a,comma".
*
* An encoded address contains
* the byte <;
* optionally, a route followed by a colon;
* an encoded box part, the byte @, and a domain; and
* the byte >.
*
* It represents an Internet mail address, given by concatenating
* the string represented by the encoded box part, the byte @,
* and the domain. For example, the encoded addresses
* <God@heaven.af.mil>
* <\God@heaven.af.mil>
* <"God"@heaven.af.mil>
* <@gateway.af.mil,@uucp.local:"\G\o\d"@heaven.af.mil>
* all represent the Internet mail address "God@heaven.af.mil".
*/
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#include "libbb.h"
#include "mail.h"
// limit maximum allowed number of headers to prevent overflows.
// set to 0 to not limit
#define MAX_HEADERS 256
static void send_r_n(const char *s)
{
if (verbose)
bb_error_msg("send:'%s'", s);
printf("%s\r\n", s);
}
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static int smtp_checkp(const char *fmt, const char *param, int code)
{
char *answer;
char *msg = send_mail_command(fmt, param);
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// read stdin
// if the string has a form NNN- -- read next string. E.g. EHLO response
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// parse first bytes to a number
// if code = -1 then just return this number
// if code != -1 then checks whether the number equals the code
// if not equal -> die saying msg
while ((answer = xmalloc_fgetline(stdin)) != NULL) {
if (verbose)
bb_error_msg("recv:'%.*s'", (int)(strchrnul(answer, '\r') - answer), answer);
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if (strlen(answer) <= 3 || '-' != answer[3])
break;
free(answer);
}
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if (answer) {
int n = atoi(answer);
if (timeout)
alarm(0);
free(answer);
if (-1 == code || n == code) {
free(msg);
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return n;
}
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}
bb_error_msg_and_die("%s failed", msg);
}
static int smtp_check(const char *fmt, int code)
{
return smtp_checkp(fmt, NULL, code);
}
// strip argument of bad chars
static char *sane_address(char *str)
{
char *s;
trim(str);
s = str;
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while (*s) {
if (!isalnum(*s) && !strchr("_-.@", *s)) {
bb_error_msg("bad address '%s'", str);
/* returning "": */
str[0] = '\0';
return str;
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}
s++;
}
return str;
}
// check for an address inside angle brackets, if not found fall back to normal
static char *angle_address(char *str)
{
char *s, *e;
trim(str);
e = last_char_is(str, '>');
if (e) {
s = strrchr(str, '<');
if (s) {
*e = '\0';
str = s + 1;
}
}
return sane_address(str);
}
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static void rcptto(const char *s)
{
if (!*s)
return;
// N.B. we don't die if recipient is rejected, for the other recipients may be accepted
if (250 != smtp_checkp("RCPT TO:<%s>", s, -1))
bb_error_msg("Bad recipient: <%s>", s);
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}
// send to a list of comma separated addresses
static void rcptto_list(const char *list)
{
char *str = xstrdup(list);
char *s = str;
char prev = 0;
int in_quote = 0;
while (*s) {
char ch = *s++;
if (ch == '"' && prev != '\\') {
in_quote = !in_quote;
} else if (!in_quote && ch == ',') {
s[-1] = '\0';
rcptto(angle_address(str));
str = s;
}
prev = ch;
}
if (prev != ',')
rcptto(angle_address(str));
free(str);
}
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int sendmail_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
int sendmail_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
{
char *opt_connect = opt_connect;
char *opt_from = NULL;
char *s;
llist_t *list = NULL;
char *host = sane_address(safe_gethostname());
unsigned nheaders = 0;
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int code;
enum {
HDR_OTHER = 0,
HDR_TOCC,
HDR_BCC,
} last_hdr = 0;
int check_hdr;
int has_to = 0;
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enum {
//--- standard options
OPT_t = 1 << 0, // read message for recipients, append them to those on cmdline
OPT_f = 1 << 1, // sender address
OPT_o = 1 << 2, // various options. -oi IMPLIED! others are IGNORED!
OPT_i = 1 << 3, // IMPLIED!
//--- BB specific options
OPT_w = 1 << 4, // network timeout
OPT_H = 1 << 5, // use external connection helper
OPT_S = 1 << 6, // specify connection string
OPT_a = 1 << 7, // authentication tokens
OPT_v = 1 << 8, // verbosity
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};
// init global variables
INIT_G();
// save initial stdin since body is piped!
xdup2(STDIN_FILENO, 3);
G.fp0 = xfdopen_for_read(3);
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// parse options
// -v is a counter, -H and -S are mutually exclusive, -a is a list
opt_complementary = "vv:w+:H--S:S--H:a::";
// N.B. since -H and -S are mutually exclusive they do not interfere in opt_connect
// -a is for ssmtp (http://downloads.openwrt.org/people/nico/man/man8/ssmtp.8.html) compatibility,
// it is still under development.
opts = getopt32(argv, "tf:o:iw:H:S:a::v", &opt_from, NULL,
&timeout, &opt_connect, &opt_connect, &list, &verbose);
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//argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
// process -a[upm]<token> options
if ((opts & OPT_a) && !list)
bb_show_usage();
while (list) {
char *a = (char *) llist_pop(&list);
if ('u' == a[0])
G.user = xstrdup(a+1);
if ('p' == a[0])
G.pass = xstrdup(a+1);
// N.B. we support only AUTH LOGIN so far
//if ('m' == a[0])
// G.method = xstrdup(a+1);
}
// N.B. list == NULL here
//bb_info_msg("OPT[%x] AU[%s], AP[%s], AM[%s], ARGV[%s]", opts, au, ap, am, *argv);
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// connect to server
// connection helper ordered? ->
if (opts & OPT_H) {
const char *args[] = { "sh", "-c", opt_connect, NULL };
// plug it in
launch_helper(args);
// Now:
// our stdout will go to helper's stdin,
// helper's stdout will be available on our stdin.
// Wait for initial server message.
// If helper (such as openssl) invokes STARTTLS, the initial 220
// is swallowed by helper (and not repeated after TLS is initiated).
// We will send NOOP cmd to server and check the response.
// We should get 220+250 on plain connection, 250 on STARTTLSed session.
//
// The problem here is some servers delay initial 220 message,
// and consider client to be a spammer if it starts sending cmds
// before 220 reached it. The code below is unsafe in this regard:
// in non-STARTTLSed case, we potentially send NOOP before 220
// is sent by server.
// Ideas? (--delay SECS opt? --assume-starttls-helper opt?)
code = smtp_check("NOOP", -1);
if (code == 220)
// we got 220 - this is not STARTTLSed connection,
// eat 250 response to our NOOP
smtp_check(NULL, 250);
else
if (code != 250)
bb_error_msg_and_die("SMTP init failed");
} else {
// vanilla connection
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int fd;
// host[:port] not explicitly specified? -> use $SMTPHOST
// no $SMTPHOST? -> use localhost
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if (!(opts & OPT_S)) {
opt_connect = getenv("SMTPHOST");
if (!opt_connect)
opt_connect = (char *)"127.0.0.1";
}
// do connect
fd = create_and_connect_stream_or_die(opt_connect, 25);
// and make ourselves a simple IO filter
xmove_fd(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
xdup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
// Wait for initial server 220 message
smtp_check(NULL, 220);
}
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// we should start with modern EHLO
if (250 != smtp_checkp("EHLO %s", host, -1))
smtp_checkp("HELO %s", host, 250);
// perform authentication
if (opts & OPT_a) {
smtp_check("AUTH LOGIN", 334);
// we must read credentials unless they are given via -a[up] options
if (!G.user || !G.pass)
get_cred_or_die(4);
encode_base64(NULL, G.user, NULL);
smtp_check("", 334);
encode_base64(NULL, G.pass, NULL);
smtp_check("", 235);
}
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// set sender
// N.B. we have here a very loosely defined algorythm
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// since sendmail historically offers no means to specify secrets on cmdline.
// 1) server can require no authentication ->
// we must just provide a (possibly fake) reply address.
// 2) server can require AUTH ->
// we must provide valid username and password along with a (possibly fake) reply address.
// For the sake of security username and password are to be read either from console or from a secured file.
// Since reading from console may defeat usability, the solution is either to read from a predefined
// file descriptor (e.g. 4), or again from a secured file.
// got no sender address? use auth name, then UID username as a last resort
if (!opt_from) {
opt_from = xasprintf("%s@%s",
G.user ? G.user : xuid2uname(getuid()),
xgethostbyname(host)->h_name);
}
free(host);
smtp_checkp("MAIL FROM:<%s>", opt_from, 250);
// process message
// read recipients from message and add them to those given on cmdline.
// this means we scan stdin for To:, Cc:, Bcc: lines until an empty line
// and then use the rest of stdin as message body
code = 0; // set "analyze headers" mode
while ((s = xmalloc_fgetline(G.fp0)) != NULL) {
dump:
// put message lines doubling leading dots
if (code) {
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// escape leading dots
// N.B. this feature is implied even if no -i (-oi) switch given
// N.B. we need to escape the leading dot regardless of
// whether it is single or not character on the line
if ('.' == s[0] /*&& '\0' == s[1] */)
printf(".");
// dump read line
send_r_n(s);
free(s);
continue;
}
// analyze headers
// To: or Cc: headers add recipients
check_hdr = (0 == strncasecmp("To:", s, 3));
has_to |= check_hdr;
if (opts & OPT_t) {
if (check_hdr || 0 == strncasecmp("Bcc:" + 1, s, 3)) {
rcptto_list(s+3);
last_hdr = HDR_TOCC;
goto addheader;
}
// Bcc: header adds blind copy (hidden) recipient
if (0 == strncasecmp("Bcc:", s, 4)) {
rcptto_list(s+4);
free(s);
last_hdr = HDR_BCC;
continue; // N.B. Bcc: vanishes from headers!
}
}
check_hdr = (list && isspace(s[0]));
if (strchr(s, ':') || check_hdr) {
// other headers go verbatim
// N.B. RFC2822 2.2.3 "Long Header Fields" allows for headers to occupy several lines.
// Continuation is denoted by prefixing additional lines with whitespace(s).
// Thanks (stefan.seyfried at googlemail.com) for pointing this out.
if (check_hdr && last_hdr != HDR_OTHER) {
rcptto_list(s+1);
if (last_hdr == HDR_BCC)
continue;
// N.B. Bcc: vanishes from headers!
} else {
last_hdr = HDR_OTHER;
}
addheader:
// N.B. we allow MAX_HEADERS generic headers at most to prevent attacks
if (MAX_HEADERS && ++nheaders >= MAX_HEADERS)
goto bail;
llist_add_to_end(&list, s);
} else {
// a line without ":" (an empty line too, by definition) doesn't look like a valid header
// so stop "analyze headers" mode
reenter:
// put recipients specified on cmdline
check_hdr = 1;
while (*argv) {
char *t = sane_address(*argv);
rcptto(t);
//if (MAX_HEADERS && ++nheaders >= MAX_HEADERS)
// goto bail;
if (!has_to) {
const char *hdr;
if (check_hdr && argv[1])
hdr = "To: %s,";
else if (check_hdr)
hdr = "To: %s";
else if (argv[1])
hdr = "To: %s," + 3;
else
hdr = "To: %s" + 3;
llist_add_to_end(&list,
xasprintf(hdr, t));
check_hdr = 0;
}
argv++;
}
// enter "put message" mode
// N.B. DATA fails iff no recipients were accepted (or even provided)
// in this case just bail out gracefully
if (354 != smtp_check("DATA", -1))
goto bail;
// dump the headers
while (list) {
send_r_n((char *) llist_pop(&list));
}
// stop analyzing headers
code++;
// N.B. !s means: we read nothing, and nothing to be read in the future.
// just dump empty line and break the loop
if (!s) {
send_r_n("");
break;
}
// go dump message body
// N.B. "s" already contains the first non-header line, so pretend we read it from input
goto dump;
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}
}
// odd case: we didn't stop "analyze headers" mode -> message body is empty. Reenter the loop
// N.B. after reenter code will be > 0
if (!code)
goto reenter;
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// finalize the message
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smtp_check(".", 250);
bail:
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// ... and say goodbye
smtp_check("QUIT", 221);
// cleanup
if (ENABLE_FEATURE_CLEAN_UP)
fclose(G.fp0);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}