diff --git a/applets/busybox.c b/applets/busybox.c
index 561aa01b5..45365b370 100644
--- a/applets/busybox.c
+++ b/applets/busybox.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"false", false_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_FDFLUSH		//bin
-    {"fdflush", monadic_main},
+    {"fdflush", fdflush_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_FIND			//usr/bin
     {"find", find_main},
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"length", length_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_LN			//bin
-    {"ln", dyadic_main},
+    {"ln", ln_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_LOADKMAP		//sbin
     {"loadkmap", loadkmap_main},
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"math", math_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_MKDIR			//bin
-    {"mkdir", monadic_main},
+    {"mkdir", mkdir_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_MKNOD			//bin
     {"mknod", mknod_main},
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"rm", rm_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_RMDIR			//bin
-    {"rmdir", monadic_main},
+    {"rmdir", rmdir_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_SLEEP			//bin
     {"sleep", sleep_main},
diff --git a/archival/tar.c b/archival/tar.c
index ff60f0689..f222c3c9d 100644
--- a/archival/tar.c
+++ b/archival/tar.c
@@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ static ino_t tarInode;
  */
 static void readTarFile (int fileCount, char **fileTable);
 static void readData (const char *cp, int count);
-static void createPath (const char *name, int mode);
 static long getOctal (const char *cp, int len);
 
 static void readHeader (const TarHeader * hp,
@@ -1022,36 +1021,6 @@ static void writeTarBlock (const char *buf, int len)
 }
 
 
-/*
- * Attempt to create the directories along the specified path, except for
- * the final component.  The mode is given for the final directory only,
- * while all previous ones get default protections.  Errors are not reported
- * here, as failures to restore files can be reported later.
- */
-static void createPath (const char *name, int mode)
-{
-    char *cp;
-    char *cpOld;
-    char buf[TAR_NAME_SIZE];
-
-    strcpy (buf, name);
-
-    cp = strchr (buf, '/');
-
-    while (cp) {
-	cpOld = cp;
-	cp = strchr (cp + 1, '/');
-
-	*cpOld = '\0';
-
-	if (mkdir (buf, cp ? 0777 : mode) == 0)
-	    printf ("Directory \"%s\" created\n", buf);
-
-	*cpOld = '/';
-    }
-}
-
-
 /*
  * Read an octal value in a field of the specified width, with optional
  * spaces on both sides of the number and with an optional null character
diff --git a/busybox.c b/busybox.c
index 561aa01b5..45365b370 100644
--- a/busybox.c
+++ b/busybox.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"false", false_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_FDFLUSH		//bin
-    {"fdflush", monadic_main},
+    {"fdflush", fdflush_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_FIND			//usr/bin
     {"find", find_main},
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"length", length_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_LN			//bin
-    {"ln", dyadic_main},
+    {"ln", ln_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_LOADKMAP		//sbin
     {"loadkmap", loadkmap_main},
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"math", math_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_MKDIR			//bin
-    {"mkdir", monadic_main},
+    {"mkdir", mkdir_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_MKNOD			//bin
     {"mknod", mknod_main},
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ static const struct Applet applets[] = {
     {"rm", rm_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_RMDIR			//bin
-    {"rmdir", monadic_main},
+    {"rmdir", rmdir_main},
 #endif
 #ifdef BB_SLEEP			//bin
     {"sleep", sleep_main},
diff --git a/busybox.def.h b/busybox.def.h
index ae9945d1b..e011bf9fc 100644
--- a/busybox.def.h
+++ b/busybox.def.h
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
  * IE	//#define BB_BLAH
  */
 
-//#define BB_BLOCK_DEVICE
 #define BB_BUSYBOX
 #define BB_CAT
 #define BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP
@@ -16,20 +15,20 @@
 #define BB_DMESG
 #define BB_DUTMP
 #define BB_FALSE
-//#define BB_FDFLUSH
+#define BB_FDFLUSH
 #define BB_FIND
 #define BB_GREP
 ////#define BB_HALT
 //#define BB_INIT
 #define BB_KILL
 ////#define BB_LENGTH
-//#define BB_LN
+#define BB_LN
 //#define BB_LOADKMAP
 ////#define BB_LOSETUP
 #define BB_LS
 //#define BB_MAKEDEVS
-////#define BB_MATH
-//#define BB_MKDIR
+#define BB_MATH
+#define BB_MKDIR
 //#define BB_MKNOD
 ////#define BB_MKSWAP
 #define BB_MNC
@@ -37,12 +36,11 @@
 #define BB_MOUNT
 ////#define BB_MT
 #define BB_MV
-//#define BB_POSTPROCESS
 //#define BB_PRINTF
 #define BB_PWD
 #define BB_REBOOT
 //#define BB_RM
-//#define BB_RMDIR
+#define BB_RMDIR
 #define BB_SLEEP
 ////#define BB_SWAPOFF
 //#define BB_SWAPON
diff --git a/chmod_chown_chgrp.c b/chmod_chown_chgrp.c
index 37a52281c..5c2adab78 100644
--- a/chmod_chown_chgrp.c
+++ b/chmod_chown_chgrp.c
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ static int uid=-1;
 static int gid=0;
 static int whichApp;
 static char* invocationName=NULL;
-static mode_t mode=7777;
+static mode_t mode=0644;
 
 
 #define CHGRP_APP   1
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ static int fileAction(const char *fileName)
 		if (chown(fileName, ((whichApp==CHOWN_APP)? uid: statBuf.st_uid), gid) < 0)
 		    return( TRUE);
 	    case CHMOD_APP:
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s, %d\n", fileName, mode);
 		if (chmod(fileName, mode))
 		    return( TRUE);
 	}
@@ -67,118 +68,13 @@ static int fileAction(const char *fileName)
     return( FALSE);
 }
 
-/* [ugoa]{+|-|=}[rwxstl] */
-int parse_mode( const char* s, mode_t* or, mode_t* and, int* group_execute) 
-{
-	mode_t	mode = 0;
-	mode_t	groups = S_ISVTX;
-	char	type;
-	char	c;
-
-	do {
-		for ( ; ; ) {
-			switch ( c = *s++ ) {
-			case '\0':
-				return (FALSE);
-			case 'u':
-				groups |= S_ISUID|S_IRWXU;
-				continue;
-			case 'g':
-				groups |= S_ISGID|S_IRWXG;
-				continue;
-			case 'o':
-				groups |= S_IRWXO;
-				continue;
-			case 'a':
-				groups |= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
-				continue;
-			case '+':
-			case '=':
-			case '-':
-				type = c;
-				if ( groups == S_ISVTX ) /* The default is "all" */
-					groups |= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
-				break;
-			default:
-				if ( c >= '0' && c <= '7' && mode == 0 && groups == S_ISVTX ) {
-					*and = 0;
-					*or = strtol(--s, 0, 010);
-					return (TRUE);
-				}
-				else
-					return (FALSE);
-			}
-			break;
-		}
-
-		while ( (c = *s++) != '\0' ) {
-			switch ( c ) {
-			case ',':
-				break;
-			case 'r':
-				mode |= S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH;
-				continue;
-			case 'w':
-				mode |= S_IWUSR|S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH;
-				continue;
-			case 'x':
-				mode |= S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP|S_IXOTH;
-				continue;
-			case 's':
-				if ( group_execute != 0 && (groups & S_IRWXG) ) {
-					if ( *group_execute < 0 )
-						return (FALSE);
-					if ( type != '-' ) {
-						mode |= S_IXGRP;
-						*group_execute = 1;
-					}
-				}
-				mode |= S_ISUID|S_ISGID;
-				continue;
-			case 'l':
-				if ( *group_execute > 0 )
-					return (FALSE);
-				if ( type != '-' ) {
-					*and &= ~S_IXGRP;
-					*group_execute = -1;
-				}
-				mode |= S_ISGID;
-				groups |= S_ISGID;
-				continue;
-			case 't':
-				mode |= S_ISVTX;
-				continue;
-			default:
-				return (FALSE);
-			}
-			break;
-		}
-		switch ( type ) {
-		case '=':
-			*and &= ~(groups);
-			/* fall through */
-		case '+':
-			*or |= mode & groups;
-			break;
-		case '-':
-			*and &= ~(mode & groups);
-			*or &= *and;
-			break;
-		}
-	} while ( c == ',' );
-	return (TRUE);
-}
-
-
 int chmod_chown_chgrp_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     struct group *grp;
     struct passwd *pwd;
     int recursiveFlag=FALSE;
     char *groupName;
-    mode_t andWithMode = S_ISVTX|S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
-    mode_t orWithMode = 0;
-
+    mode_t andWithMode= S_ISVTX|S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
 
     whichApp = (strcmp(*argv, "chown")==0)? CHOWN_APP : (strcmp(*argv, "chmod")==0)? CHMOD_APP : CHGRP_APP; 
 
@@ -207,12 +103,12 @@ int chmod_chown_chgrp_main(int argc, char **argv)
     
     if ( whichApp == CHMOD_APP ) {
 	/* Find the specified modes */
-	if ( parse_mode(*argv, &orWithMode, &andWithMode, 0) == FALSE ) {
+	if ( parse_mode(*argv, &mode) == FALSE ) {
 	    fprintf(stderr, "%s: Unknown mode: %s\n", invocationName, *argv);
 	    exit( FALSE);
 	}
-	mode &= andWithMode;
-	mode |= orWithMode;
+	//mode &= andWithMode;
+	fprintf(stderr, "mode %d\n", mode);
     } else {
 
 	/* Find the selected group */
@@ -245,8 +141,8 @@ int chmod_chown_chgrp_main(int argc, char **argv)
 	exit( FALSE);
     }
     while (argc-- > 1) {
-	argv++;
-	recursiveAction( *argv, recursiveFlag, TRUE, fileAction, fileAction);
+	if (recursiveAction( *(++argv), recursiveFlag, TRUE, fileAction, fileAction)==FALSE)
+	    exit( FALSE);
     }
     exit(TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/coreutils/ln.c b/coreutils/ln.c
index 3e87b579e..cd3cb4e45 100644
--- a/coreutils/ln.c
+++ b/coreutils/ln.c
@@ -1,52 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Mini ln implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
-const char	ln_usage[] = "ln [-s] [-f] original-name additional-name\n"
+
+static const char ln_usage[] = "ln [-s] [-f] original-name additional-name\n"
 "\n"
 "\tAdd a new name that refers to the same file as \"original-name\"\n"
 "\n"
 "\t-s:\tUse a \"symbolic\" link, instead of a \"hard\" link.\n"
 "\t-f:\tRemove existing destination files.\n";
 
-int
-ln_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
+
+static int symlinkFlag = FALSE;
+static int removeoldFlag = FALSE;
+static const char *destName;
+
+
+extern int ln_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int				status = 0;
-	char			d[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *	destination = i->destination;
+    int status;
+    char newdestName[NAME_MAX];
 
-	if ( !i->makeSymbolicLink && (i->stat.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR ) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Please use \"ln -s\" to link directories.\n");
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If the destination is a directory, create a file within it.
-	 */
-	if ( is_a_directory(i->destination) ) {
-			destination = join_paths(
-			 d
-			,i->destination
-			,&i->source[i->directoryLength]);
-	}
-
-	if ( i->force )
-		status = ( unlink(destination) && errno != ENOENT );
-
-	if ( status == 0 ) {
-		if ( i->makeSymbolicLink )
-			status = symlink(i->source, destination);
-		else
-			status = link(i->source, destination);
-	}
-
-	if ( status != 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(destination);
-		return 1;
+    if (argc < 3) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s", ln_usage);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+    argc--;
+    argv++;
+
+    /* Parse any options */
+    while (**argv == '-') {
+	while (*++(*argv))
+	    switch (**argv) {
+	    case 's':
+		symlinkFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    case 'f':
+		removeoldFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", ln_usage);
+		exit(FALSE);
+	    }
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
+    }
+
+
+    destName = argv[argc - 1];
+
+    if ((argc > 3) && !(isDirectory(destName))) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: not a directory\n", destName);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (argc-- >= 2) {
+	strcpy(newdestName, destName);
+	strcat(newdestName, (*argv)+(strlen(*(++argv))));
+	
+	if (removeoldFlag==TRUE ) {
+	    status = ( unlink(newdestName) && errno != ENOENT );
+	    if ( status != 0 ) {
+		perror(newdestName);
+		exit( FALSE);
+	    }
 	}
+	if ( symlinkFlag==TRUE)
+		status = symlink(*argv, newdestName);
 	else
-		return 0;
+		status = link(*argv, newdestName);
+	if ( status != 0 ) {
+	    perror(newdestName);
+	    exit( FALSE);
+	}
+    }
+    exit( TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/coreutils/mkdir.c b/coreutils/mkdir.c
index 8f1fa04db..61d35d5cd 100644
--- a/coreutils/mkdir.c
+++ b/coreutils/mkdir.c
@@ -1,58 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Mini mkdir implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 
-const char mkdir_usage[] = "mkdir [-m mode] directory [directory ...]\n"
-"\tCreate directories.\n"
-"\n"
-"\t-m mode:\tSpecifiy the mode for the new directory\n"
-"\t\tunder the argument directory.";
+const char mkdir_usage[] = "Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY...\n"
+"Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist\n\n"
+"-m\tset permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask\n"
+"-p\tno error if existing, make parent directories as needed\n";
 
-/*make directories skipping the last part of the path. Used here and by untar*/
-int mkdir_until(const char *fpath, const struct FileInfo * fi)
+
+static int parentFlag = FALSE;
+static int permFlag = FALSE;
+static mode_t mode = 0777;
+
+
+extern int mkdir_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	char    path[PATH_MAX];
-	char *  s = path;
+    argc--;
+    argv++;
 
-	strcpy(path, fpath);
-	if ( s[0] == '\0' && s[1] == '\0' ) {
-		usage(mkdir_usage);
-		return 1;
+    /* Parse any options */
+    while (argc > 1 && **argv == '-') {
+	while (*++(*argv))
+	    switch (**argv) {
+	    case 'm':
+		permFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    case 'p':
+		parentFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", mkdir_usage);
+		exit(FALSE);
+	    }
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
+    }
+
+
+    if (argc < 1) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", mkdir_usage);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (--argc > 0) {
+	struct stat statBuf;
+	if (stat(*(++argv), &statBuf) != ENOENT) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "%s: File exists\n", *argv);
+	    return( FALSE);
 	}
-	s++;
-	while ( *s != '\0' ) {
-		if ( *s == '/' ) {
-			int	status;
-
-			*s = '\0';
-			status = mkdir(path, (fi?fi->orWithMode:0700) );
-			*s = '/';
-
-			if ( status != 0 ) {
-				if ( errno != EEXIST ) {
-					name_and_error(fpath);
-					return 1;
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-		s++;
+	if (parentFlag == TRUE)
+	    createPath(*argv, mode);
+	else { 
+	    if (mkdir (*argv, mode) != 0) {
+		perror(*argv);
+		exit( FALSE);
+	    }
 	}
-	return 0;
+    }
+    exit( TRUE);
 }
 
-int
-mkdir_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
-{
-	if ( i->makeParentDirectories ) {
-		if(mkdir_until(i->source, i)) return 1;
-	}
-
-	if ( mkdir(i->source, i->orWithMode) != 0 && errno != EEXIST ) {
-		name_and_error(i->source);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	else
-		return 0;
-}
 
diff --git a/coreutils/rmdir.c b/coreutils/rmdir.c
index 069e68546..b4da03f12 100644
--- a/coreutils/rmdir.c
+++ b/coreutils/rmdir.c
@@ -1,17 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Mini rmdir implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
-const char	rmdir_usage[] = "rmdir directory [directory ...]\n"
-"\n"
-"\tDelete directories.\n";
 
-extern int
-rmdir_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
+extern int rmdir_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	if ( rmdir(i->source) != 0 && errno != ENOENT && !i->force ) {
-		name_and_error(i->source);
-		return 1;
+    if ( argc==1 || **(argv+1) == '-' ) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...\nRemove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.");
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (--argc > 0) {
+	if ( rmdir(*(++argv)) == -1 ) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", *argv, strerror(errno));
+	    exit(FALSE);
 	}
-	else
-		return 0;
+    }
+    exit(TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/fdflush.c b/fdflush.c
index a15e9b3f7..ce6870cd1 100644
--- a/fdflush.c
+++ b/fdflush.c
@@ -1,36 +1,53 @@
+
+/*
+ * Mini fdflush implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <linux/fd.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
-const char			fdflush_usage[] = "fdflush device";
 
-int 
-fdflush(const char *filename) 
+extern int fdflush_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int	status;
-	int	fd = open(filename, 0);
+    int	value;
+    int	fd;
+    if ( **(argv+1) == '-' ) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: fdflush device\n");
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
 
-	if ( fd < 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(filename);
-		return 1;
-	}
+    fd = open(*argv, 0);
+    if ( fd < 0 ) {
+	perror(*argv);
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
 
-	status = ioctl(fd, FDFLUSH, 0);
-	close(fd);
+    value = ioctl(fd, FDFLUSH, 0);
+    close(fd);
 
-	if ( status != 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(filename);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-int
-fdflush_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
-{
-  return fdflush(i->source);
+    if ( value ) {
+	perror(*argv);
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
+    exit (TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/internal.h b/internal.h
index f095091fc..397eca48a 100644
--- a/internal.h
+++ b/internal.h
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ extern int date_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int dd_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int df_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int dmesg_main(int argc, char** argv);
-extern int dyadic_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int false_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int fdisk_main(int argc, char** argv);
+extern int fdflush_main(int argc, char **argv);
 extern int find_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int grep_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int halt_main(int argc, char** argv);
@@ -81,16 +81,17 @@ extern int losetup_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int ls_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int makedevs_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int math_main(int argc, char** argv);
+extern int mkdir_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mknod_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mkswap_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mnc_main(int argc, char** argv);
-extern int monadic_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mount_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mt_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int mv_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int printf_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int pwd_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int reboot_main(int argc, char** argv);
+extern int rmdir_main(int argc, char **argv);
 extern int rm_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int scan_partitions_main(int argc, char** argv);
 extern int sh_main(int argc, char** argv);
@@ -126,6 +127,8 @@ int recursiveAction(const char *fileName, int recurse, int followLinks,
 int match(const char* text, const char * pattern);
 const char* timeString(time_t timeVal);
 
+extern void createPath (const char *name, int mode);
+extern int parse_mode( const char* s, mode_t* theMode);
 
 #endif
 
diff --git a/ln.c b/ln.c
index 3e87b579e..cd3cb4e45 100644
--- a/ln.c
+++ b/ln.c
@@ -1,52 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * Mini ln implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
-const char	ln_usage[] = "ln [-s] [-f] original-name additional-name\n"
+
+static const char ln_usage[] = "ln [-s] [-f] original-name additional-name\n"
 "\n"
 "\tAdd a new name that refers to the same file as \"original-name\"\n"
 "\n"
 "\t-s:\tUse a \"symbolic\" link, instead of a \"hard\" link.\n"
 "\t-f:\tRemove existing destination files.\n";
 
-int
-ln_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
+
+static int symlinkFlag = FALSE;
+static int removeoldFlag = FALSE;
+static const char *destName;
+
+
+extern int ln_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int				status = 0;
-	char			d[PATH_MAX];
-	const char *	destination = i->destination;
+    int status;
+    char newdestName[NAME_MAX];
 
-	if ( !i->makeSymbolicLink && (i->stat.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR ) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Please use \"ln -s\" to link directories.\n");
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If the destination is a directory, create a file within it.
-	 */
-	if ( is_a_directory(i->destination) ) {
-			destination = join_paths(
-			 d
-			,i->destination
-			,&i->source[i->directoryLength]);
-	}
-
-	if ( i->force )
-		status = ( unlink(destination) && errno != ENOENT );
-
-	if ( status == 0 ) {
-		if ( i->makeSymbolicLink )
-			status = symlink(i->source, destination);
-		else
-			status = link(i->source, destination);
-	}
-
-	if ( status != 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(destination);
-		return 1;
+    if (argc < 3) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s", ln_usage);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+    argc--;
+    argv++;
+
+    /* Parse any options */
+    while (**argv == '-') {
+	while (*++(*argv))
+	    switch (**argv) {
+	    case 's':
+		symlinkFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    case 'f':
+		removeoldFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s\n", ln_usage);
+		exit(FALSE);
+	    }
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
+    }
+
+
+    destName = argv[argc - 1];
+
+    if ((argc > 3) && !(isDirectory(destName))) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: not a directory\n", destName);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (argc-- >= 2) {
+	strcpy(newdestName, destName);
+	strcat(newdestName, (*argv)+(strlen(*(++argv))));
+	
+	if (removeoldFlag==TRUE ) {
+	    status = ( unlink(newdestName) && errno != ENOENT );
+	    if ( status != 0 ) {
+		perror(newdestName);
+		exit( FALSE);
+	    }
 	}
+	if ( symlinkFlag==TRUE)
+		status = symlink(*argv, newdestName);
 	else
-		return 0;
+		status = link(*argv, newdestName);
+	if ( status != 0 ) {
+	    perror(newdestName);
+	    exit( FALSE);
+	}
+    }
+    exit( TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/math.c b/math.c
index 5c1560a4e..29962a873 100644
--- a/math.c
+++ b/math.c
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ stack_machine(const char * argument)
 }
 
 int
-math_main(struct FileInfo * i, int argc, char * * argv)
+math_main(int argc, char * * argv)
 {
 	while ( argc >= 2 ) {
 		stack_machine(argv[1]);
diff --git a/mkdir.c b/mkdir.c
index 8f1fa04db..61d35d5cd 100644
--- a/mkdir.c
+++ b/mkdir.c
@@ -1,58 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Mini mkdir implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 
-const char mkdir_usage[] = "mkdir [-m mode] directory [directory ...]\n"
-"\tCreate directories.\n"
-"\n"
-"\t-m mode:\tSpecifiy the mode for the new directory\n"
-"\t\tunder the argument directory.";
+const char mkdir_usage[] = "Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY...\n"
+"Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist\n\n"
+"-m\tset permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask\n"
+"-p\tno error if existing, make parent directories as needed\n";
 
-/*make directories skipping the last part of the path. Used here and by untar*/
-int mkdir_until(const char *fpath, const struct FileInfo * fi)
+
+static int parentFlag = FALSE;
+static int permFlag = FALSE;
+static mode_t mode = 0777;
+
+
+extern int mkdir_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	char    path[PATH_MAX];
-	char *  s = path;
+    argc--;
+    argv++;
 
-	strcpy(path, fpath);
-	if ( s[0] == '\0' && s[1] == '\0' ) {
-		usage(mkdir_usage);
-		return 1;
+    /* Parse any options */
+    while (argc > 1 && **argv == '-') {
+	while (*++(*argv))
+	    switch (**argv) {
+	    case 'm':
+		permFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    case 'p':
+		parentFlag = TRUE;
+		break;
+	    default:
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", mkdir_usage);
+		exit(FALSE);
+	    }
+	argc--;
+	argv++;
+    }
+
+
+    if (argc < 1) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", mkdir_usage);
+	exit (FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (--argc > 0) {
+	struct stat statBuf;
+	if (stat(*(++argv), &statBuf) != ENOENT) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "%s: File exists\n", *argv);
+	    return( FALSE);
 	}
-	s++;
-	while ( *s != '\0' ) {
-		if ( *s == '/' ) {
-			int	status;
-
-			*s = '\0';
-			status = mkdir(path, (fi?fi->orWithMode:0700) );
-			*s = '/';
-
-			if ( status != 0 ) {
-				if ( errno != EEXIST ) {
-					name_and_error(fpath);
-					return 1;
-				}
-			}
-
-		}
-		s++;
+	if (parentFlag == TRUE)
+	    createPath(*argv, mode);
+	else { 
+	    if (mkdir (*argv, mode) != 0) {
+		perror(*argv);
+		exit( FALSE);
+	    }
 	}
-	return 0;
+    }
+    exit( TRUE);
 }
 
-int
-mkdir_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
-{
-	if ( i->makeParentDirectories ) {
-		if(mkdir_until(i->source, i)) return 1;
-	}
-
-	if ( mkdir(i->source, i->orWithMode) != 0 && errno != EEXIST ) {
-		name_and_error(i->source);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	else
-		return 0;
-}
 
diff --git a/rmdir.c b/rmdir.c
index 069e68546..b4da03f12 100644
--- a/rmdir.c
+++ b/rmdir.c
@@ -1,17 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Mini rmdir implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
-const char	rmdir_usage[] = "rmdir directory [directory ...]\n"
-"\n"
-"\tDelete directories.\n";
 
-extern int
-rmdir_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
+extern int rmdir_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	if ( rmdir(i->source) != 0 && errno != ENOENT && !i->force ) {
-		name_and_error(i->source);
-		return 1;
+    if ( argc==1 || **(argv+1) == '-' ) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: rmdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...\nRemove the DIRECTORY(ies), if they are empty.");
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
+
+    while (--argc > 0) {
+	if ( rmdir(*(++argv)) == -1 ) {
+	    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", *argv, strerror(errno));
+	    exit(FALSE);
 	}
-	else
-		return 0;
+    }
+    exit(TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/tar.c b/tar.c
index ff60f0689..f222c3c9d 100644
--- a/tar.c
+++ b/tar.c
@@ -103,7 +103,6 @@ static ino_t tarInode;
  */
 static void readTarFile (int fileCount, char **fileTable);
 static void readData (const char *cp, int count);
-static void createPath (const char *name, int mode);
 static long getOctal (const char *cp, int len);
 
 static void readHeader (const TarHeader * hp,
@@ -1022,36 +1021,6 @@ static void writeTarBlock (const char *buf, int len)
 }
 
 
-/*
- * Attempt to create the directories along the specified path, except for
- * the final component.  The mode is given for the final directory only,
- * while all previous ones get default protections.  Errors are not reported
- * here, as failures to restore files can be reported later.
- */
-static void createPath (const char *name, int mode)
-{
-    char *cp;
-    char *cpOld;
-    char buf[TAR_NAME_SIZE];
-
-    strcpy (buf, name);
-
-    cp = strchr (buf, '/');
-
-    while (cp) {
-	cpOld = cp;
-	cp = strchr (cp + 1, '/');
-
-	*cpOld = '\0';
-
-	if (mkdir (buf, cp ? 0777 : mode) == 0)
-	    printf ("Directory \"%s\" created\n", buf);
-
-	*cpOld = '/';
-    }
-}
-
-
 /*
  * Read an octal value in a field of the specified width, with optional
  * spaces on both sides of the number and with an optional null character
diff --git a/util-linux/fdflush.c b/util-linux/fdflush.c
index a15e9b3f7..ce6870cd1 100644
--- a/util-linux/fdflush.c
+++ b/util-linux/fdflush.c
@@ -1,36 +1,53 @@
+
+/*
+ * Mini fdflush implementation for busybox
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 by Erik Andersen <andersee@debian.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
+ *
+ */
+
 #include "internal.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <linux/fd.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
-const char			fdflush_usage[] = "fdflush device";
 
-int 
-fdflush(const char *filename) 
+extern int fdflush_main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int	status;
-	int	fd = open(filename, 0);
+    int	value;
+    int	fd;
+    if ( **(argv+1) == '-' ) {
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: fdflush device\n");
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
 
-	if ( fd < 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(filename);
-		return 1;
-	}
+    fd = open(*argv, 0);
+    if ( fd < 0 ) {
+	perror(*argv);
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
 
-	status = ioctl(fd, FDFLUSH, 0);
-	close(fd);
+    value = ioctl(fd, FDFLUSH, 0);
+    close(fd);
 
-	if ( status != 0 ) {
-		name_and_error(filename);
-		return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-int
-fdflush_fn(const struct FileInfo * i)
-{
-  return fdflush(i->source);
+    if ( value ) {
+	perror(*argv);
+	exit(FALSE);
+    }
+    exit (TRUE);
 }
diff --git a/utility.c b/utility.c
index 21d69b6e8..b2228f0cb 100644
--- a/utility.c
+++ b/utility.c
@@ -544,4 +544,127 @@ recursiveAction(const char *fileName, int recurse, int followLinks,
 
 #endif
 
+
+
+#if defined (BB_TAR) || defined (BB_MKDIR)
+/*
+ * Attempt to create the directories along the specified path, except for
+ * the final component.  The mode is given for the final directory only,
+ * while all previous ones get default protections.  Errors are not reported
+ * here, as failures to restore files can be reported later.
+ */
+extern void createPath (const char *name, int mode)
+{
+    char *cp;
+    char *cpOld;
+    char buf[NAME_MAX];
+
+    strcpy (buf, name);
+
+    cp = strchr (buf, '/');
+
+    while (cp) {
+	cpOld = cp;
+	cp = strchr (cp + 1, '/');
+
+	*cpOld = '\0';
+
+	if (mkdir (buf, cp ? 0777 : mode) == 0)
+	    printf ("Directory \"%s\" created\n", buf);
+
+	*cpOld = '/';
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+#if defined (BB_CHMOD_CHOWN_CHGRP) || defined (BB_MKDIR)
+/* [ugoa]{+|-|=}[rwxstl] */
+extern int parse_mode( const char* s, mode_t* theMode)
+{
+	mode_t or;
+	mode_t and;
+	mode_t	mode = 0;
+	mode_t	groups = S_ISVTX;
+	char	type;
+	char	c;
+
+	do {
+		for ( ; ; ) {
+			switch ( c = *s++ ) {
+			case '\0':
+				return (FALSE);
+			case 'u':
+				groups |= S_ISUID|S_IRWXU;
+				continue;
+			case 'g':
+				groups |= S_ISGID|S_IRWXG;
+				continue;
+			case 'o':
+				groups |= S_IRWXO;
+				continue;
+			case 'a':
+				groups |= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
+				continue;
+			case '+':
+			case '=':
+			case '-':
+				type = c;
+				if ( groups == S_ISVTX ) /* The default is "all" */
+					groups |= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
+				break;
+			default:
+				if ( c >= '0' && c <= '7' && mode == 0 && groups == S_ISVTX ) {
+					and = 0;
+					or = strtol(--s, 0, 010);
+					return (TRUE);
+				}
+				else
+					return (FALSE);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		while ( (c = *s++) != '\0' ) {
+			switch ( c ) {
+			case ',':
+				break;
+			case 'r':
+				mode |= S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH;
+				continue;
+			case 'w':
+				mode |= S_IWUSR|S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH;
+				continue;
+			case 'x':
+				mode |= S_IXUSR|S_IXGRP|S_IXOTH;
+				continue;
+			case 's':
+				mode |= S_IXGRP|S_ISUID|S_ISGID;
+				continue;
+			case 't':
+				mode |= S_ISVTX;
+				continue;
+			default:
+				return (FALSE);
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		switch ( type ) {
+		case '=':
+			and &= ~(groups);
+			/* fall through */
+		case '+':
+			or |= mode & groups;
+			break;
+		case '-':
+			and &= ~(mode & groups);
+			or &= and;
+			break;
+		}
+	} while ( c == ',' );
+	return (TRUE);
+}
+#endif
+
 /* END CODE */